CN110241485A - 一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂 - Google Patents

一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂 Download PDF

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CN110241485A
CN110241485A CN201910419356.1A CN201910419356A CN110241485A CN 110241485 A CN110241485 A CN 110241485A CN 201910419356 A CN201910419356 A CN 201910419356A CN 110241485 A CN110241485 A CN 110241485A
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monomethyl ether
glycol monomethyl
polyglutamic acid
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施义车
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Anhui Shuangfan High Fiber Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，涉及再生聚酯纤维加工技术领域，由如下重量百分比的原料混合而成：甘油1‑10％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚1‑10％、抗静电剂1‑10％、集束剂1‑10％、阻燃剂1‑10％、蒸馏水加至100％。本发明所制纺丝油剂能显著提高聚酯纤维的平滑性、柔软性，降低纤维与金属之间的动摩擦系数，增大纤维与纤维之间的静摩擦系数，减少静电的产生。

Description

一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂
技术领域：
本发明涉及再生聚酯纤维加工技术领域，具体涉及一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂。
背景技术：
纺丝油剂是化学纤维或合成纤维在纺丝成纤维前，向纺丝液中加入的液体物质，其目的在于赋予形成纤维所需的内聚性和润湿性，以使后续集束、拉伸、精梳等工序得以顺利进行，同时还可使形成的纤维具有光滑柔软及抗静电等性能。
聚酯纤维属于合成纤维，最大优点是抗皱性和保形性好，但缺点是透气性差、染色性、容易起球起毛和吸附灰尘产生静电等，而纺丝油剂的使用正好能赋予聚酯纤维一定的抗静电性能。但一般的纺丝油剂在使用过程中会出现对纤维包覆不佳的问题，使得纤维摩擦较大，导致生产的纱线出现分叉、断头等缺陷。针对这一问题，本发明开发出一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，能显著减少静电的产生，从而避免因纺丝工序而影响纤维质量。
发明内容：
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，该油剂制备原料易得且制备方法简单，并能显著减少静电的产生。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采用以下的技术方案来实现：
一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，由如下重量百分比的原料混合而成：
所述多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚由多聚谷氨酸与聚乙二醇单甲醚经酯化反应制成，其制备方法为：室温下将多聚谷氨酸和聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
所述多聚谷氨酸、聚乙二醇单甲醚、浓硫酸的摩尔比为1:1:0.01。
所述抗静电剂选用抗静电剂SN。
所述集束剂选用油酸聚乙二醇酯、油酸聚乙二醇双酯中的一种。
所述阻燃剂选用磷系阻燃剂。
所述抗静电剂选用聚合硫酸铝。
所述阻燃剂由质量比5-10:1-5的聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂组成。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明所制纺丝油剂能显著提高聚酯纤维的平滑性、柔软性，降低纤维与金属之间的动摩擦系数，增大纤维与纤维之间的静摩擦系数，减少静电的产生；抗静电剂选用抗静电剂SN或者聚合硫酸铝，聚合硫酸铝并不属于本领域的已知抗静电剂，但抗静电剂能赋予所制再生聚酯优异的抗静电性能；
(2)本发明通过在纺丝油剂中添加阻燃剂以赋予聚酯纤维优异的阻燃性能，阻燃剂选用常规磷系阻燃剂或者自制阻燃剂(由二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂组成)，在相同添加量的基础上自制阻燃剂的阻燃性能明显优于常规磷系阻燃剂，且自制阻燃剂并不属于本领域的已知阻燃剂，利用二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂制备阻燃剂的应用不属于本领域的现有技术和公知常识；
(3)本发明以多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚替代本领域常规的乳化剂，在保证乳化性能的同时降低起泡性，并且还能进一步提高所制油剂的抗静电性能；而多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚属于自制新型化合物，将其作为本领域乳化剂的应用不属于本领域的现有技术和公知常识。
具体实施方式：
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、抗静电剂SN 5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、磷系阻燃剂DDP 3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的制备：室温下将10mmol多聚谷氨酸和10mmol聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入0.1mmol浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
实施例2
以实施例1为对照，设置以聚合硫酸铝作为抗静电剂的实施例2。
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、聚合硫酸铝5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、磷系阻燃剂DDP 3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的制备：室温下将10mmol多聚谷氨酸和10mmol聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入0.1mmol浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
实施例3
以实施例1为对照，设置以聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂的混合物作为阻燃剂的实施例3。
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、抗静电剂SN 5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、阻燃剂3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
阻燃剂由质量比4:1的聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂组成。
多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的制备：室温下将10mmol多聚谷氨酸和10mmol聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入0.1mmol浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
实施例4
以实施例1为对照，设置以聚合硫酸铝作为抗静电剂、以聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂的混合物作为阻燃剂的实施例4。
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、聚合硫酸铝5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、阻燃剂3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
阻燃剂由质量比4:1的聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯和三乙醇胺油酸皂组成。
多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的制备：室温下将10mmol多聚谷氨酸和10mmol聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入0.1mmol浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
对照例1
以实施例1为对照，设置以摩尔比1:1的多聚谷氨酸和聚乙二醇单甲醚混合物替代多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的对照例1。
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、抗静电剂SN 5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、磷系阻燃剂DDP 3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
对照例2
以实施例3为对照，设置以聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯作为阻燃剂的对照例2。
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、抗静电剂SN 5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、聚二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的制备：室温下将10mmol多聚谷氨酸和10mmol聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入0.1mmol浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
对照例3
以实施例3为对照，设置以三乙醇胺油酸皂作为阻燃剂的对照例3。
纺丝油剂的制备：由甘油4％、多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚3％、抗静电剂SN 5％、油酸聚乙二醇酯3％、三乙醇胺油酸皂3％、蒸馏水加至100％，混合均匀。
多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚的制备：室温下将10mmol多聚谷氨酸和10mmol聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入0.1mmol浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
上述实施例和对照例中多聚谷氨酸和聚乙二醇单甲醚均采用相同规格。
实施例5
分别利用实施例1-4和对照例1-3制备纺丝油剂，向同批聚酯丝线上喷淋等量所制纺丝油剂，经相同的上油、拉伸、热定形和卷绕工艺得到聚酯纤维，测定聚酯纤维的抗静电性能和阻燃性能，测定结果如表1所示。
极限氧指数：参照标准GB/T5454-1997；极限氧指数越高，阻燃效果越好。
采用YG321纤维比电阻仪在温度25℃、湿度60％的条件下测试；比电阻越小，抗静电效果越好。
表1经所述纺丝油剂处理后的聚酯纤维抗静电性能和阻燃性能
组别 极限氧指数 比电阻Ω.cm
实施例1 32.3 6.2×10<sup>6</sup>
实施例2 32.2 1.9×10<sup>6</sup>
实施例3 39.5 6.2×10<sup>6</sup>
实施例4 39.6 1.9×10<sup>6</sup>
对照例1 32.0 9.5×10<sup>6</sup>
对照例2 30.1 6.2×10<sup>6</sup>
对照例3 24.3 6.2×10<sup>6</sup>
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (6)

1.一种再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，其特征在于：由如下重量百分比的原料混合而成：
2.根据权利要求1所述的再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，其特征在于：所述多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚由多聚谷氨酸与聚乙二醇单甲醚经酯化反应制成，其制备方法为：室温下将多聚谷氨酸和聚乙二醇单甲醚分别加水溶解配制成多聚谷氨酸溶液和聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液，再向聚乙二醇单甲醚溶液中加入浓硫酸，混合均匀后开始滴加多聚谷氨酸溶液，并升温至回流状态保温反应，滴加完毕后继续保温反应，反应结束后减压浓缩制成膏体，膏体经自然冷却至室温后送入冷冻干燥机中，干燥所得固体经超微粉碎机制成微粉，即得多聚谷氨酸/聚乙二醇单甲醚。
3.根据权利要求2所述的再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，其特征在于：所述多聚谷氨酸、聚乙二醇单甲醚、浓硫酸的摩尔比为1:1:0.01。
4.根据权利要求1所述的再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，其特征在于：所述抗静电剂选用抗静电剂SN。
5.根据权利要求1所述的再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，其特征在于：所述集束剂选用油酸聚乙二醇酯、油酸聚乙二醇双酯中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的再生聚酯纤维加工用纺丝油剂，其特征在于：所述阻燃剂选用磷系阻燃剂。
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