CN110240691A - 一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN110240691A CN110240691A CN201910419832.XA CN201910419832A CN110240691A CN 110240691 A CN110240691 A CN 110240691A CN 201910419832 A CN201910419832 A CN 201910419832A CN 110240691 A CN110240691 A CN 110240691A
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- Prior art keywords
- collagen
- added
- aqueous polyurethane
- composite material
- hydroxyapatite composite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,按照重量份包括以下组分:二异氰酸酯,聚酯多元醇,扩链剂,水性扩链剂,中和剂,水解胶原蛋白液,γ‑缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560),氯化钙,磷酸氢二钠。本发明以聚酯型水性聚氨酯(WPU)预聚体与生化级明胶水解物(GH)进行乳液聚合反应,并通过KH560进一步外交联改性提高材料的疏水性及胶膜韧性,制得WPU与GH接枝共聚复合乳液(WPU‑g‑GH)。旨在制得具有良好机械性能、结构稳定性、生物相容性及可降解性的纳米HAP复合材料,使其有望成为一种潜在的骨支架修复材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,属于生物医用高分子材料领域。
背景技术
骨缺陷通常由先天性疾病、创伤、感染、肿瘤所引起。由于存在供应短缺、额外的并发症和免疫排斥反应,导致通过自体和同种异体用于替换和修复骨缺损受到限制。
因此,通过模拟自然组织的形成机制,设计和制造具有良好的机械性能、生物相容性、生物降解性及多孔结构的人造骨修复或替代物,近年来成为一个重要的研究方向。骨本质上是一个无机矿物质和胶原蛋白的生物复合材料。羟磷灰石(HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)纳米晶体作为骨组织中一种重要的无机矿物质,由于低的抗异性、良好的生物相容性及与骨的化学成键能力,在临床上得到广泛研究和应用。
然而,在大多数情况下通过高温制得的HAP生物陶瓷,存在着可塑性差、质脆、缺乏骨诱导活性等弊端,很难合适的去平衡力学性能、生物功能及生物降解性能。
目前,一个新的发展趋势是通过仿生合成HAP基聚合物材料来实现力学性能和生物学功能的平衡和改善。证据表明,胶原蛋白及其降解产物具有良好的诱导HAP纳米晶体的自组装,进而合成骨纳米复合材料。
此外,胶原蛋白分子链中含有重复的精氨酸,谷氨酸和天冬氨酸(RGD)单元,可以促进细胞外基质及整合素的沉积,因此可以有效地调节生长因子释放、细胞的生理活动(粘附、扩散及增殖),从而提高生物材料的最终生物行为。由于聚氨酯材料具有灵活的力学性能、加工性能及良好的生物相容性,使其在生物材料得到大量的研究和应用。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供了一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,该方法制备工艺简单、稳定,成本低廉及机械可加工性可控;
采用本发明的方法制得的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料具有结构稳定性、生物相容性及可降解性;
采用本发明的方法制得的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料抗张强度为20~23 MPa,储能模量不小于7000 MPa,最大热失重温度达到389.6°C。
本发明采用以下技术方案:一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,采用以下质量份的物质制备:二异氰酸酯,聚酯多元醇,小分子二元醇,亲水扩链剂,中和剂,水解胶原蛋白液,γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,氯化钙,磷酸氢二钠。
以下是本发明的进一步改进:
包括以下步骤:
1)称量步骤:按照重量份称量以下组分:二异氰酸酯,聚酯多元醇,小分子二元醇,亲水扩链剂,中和剂,水解胶原蛋白液,γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560),氯化钙,磷酸氢二钠;
2)聚氨酯预聚体制备步骤:将定量聚酯多元醇真空除水,加入二异氰酸酯于反应釜中,反应,然后升温,保温,得到聚氨酯预聚体;
3)扩链反应步骤:将步骤2)中聚氨酯预聚体降温,加入亲水扩链剂,反应,然后向体系中加入小分子二元醇进行扩链,反应,升温,保温;
4)中和、乳化步骤:将步骤3)中产物降温至室温,加入中和剂,中和,加入丙酮调节粘度,加入去离子水高速搅拌乳化,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
5)水相共聚步骤:快速搅拌下,将水解胶原蛋白液加入到4)中水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,继续高速搅拌,降低搅拌转速,升温,保温;
滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,滴加完毕,继续保温,降温,负压下,蒸馏回收丙酮,继续降温,加入中和剂中和至pH 6.5~7.5,制备出水性聚氨酯-胶原蛋白共聚物乳液;
6)羟基磷灰石(HAP)矿化步骤:定量质量分数水性聚氨酯-胶原蛋白共聚物乳液中加入定量氯化钙溶液,恒温振荡,然后缓慢加入定量磷酸氢二钠溶液,8~10 h加完,调节pH 9.2,37°C下恒温振荡24 h后,制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料。
进一步改进:
所述步骤2)中的二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种。
进一步改进:
聚酯多元醇为聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇或聚己二酸丙二醇酯二醇或聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇或聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇中的一种。
进一步改进:
所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯时,加入0.1~0.2份的催化剂,所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡。
进一步改进:
所述步骤3)中的小分子二元醇扩链剂为乙二醇或丙二醇或1,4-丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇中的一种。
进一步改进:
亲水扩链剂为二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸中的一种;
所述步骤4)中和剂为三乙胺或三正丁胺中的一种。
进一步改进:
步骤5)中水解胶原蛋白液来自生化级明胶胰蛋白酶水解产物,其相对分子质量为10000~15000 Da,游离氨基含量2.8 %~3.2 %。
进一步改进:
步骤5)中的高速搅拌转速为1000~1300 r/min,降低搅拌速度后的转速为150~200 r/min。
进一步改进:
一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的应用,该材料主要应用于生物骨组织支架修复材料的制备。
与现有技术相比,本发明可以获得包括以下技术效果:
1)本发明所制得的HAP-WPU-g-GH具有制备工艺简单、稳定,成本低廉及机械可加工性可控;
2)本发明采用胶原蛋白基复合高分子材料作为支架材料基底,再与羟基磷灰石(HAP)进行复合改性,保证了基底材料良好的生物相容性和可降解性(模拟体液(SBF)降解周期为60~90 d);同时,由于在水性聚氨酯(WPU)与胶原蛋白(GH)共聚乳液(WPU-g-GH)产品中含有大量的羧基、氨基等富电子基团,可在羟基磷灰石(HAP)形成过程中,与中心离子 Ca2+ 形成配位键,从而起到固定和分散HAP的功能,实现HAP均匀的矿化过程;
3)本发明可通过选择不同类型及结构的反应原料,以及不同的合成工艺,制备出性能和功能各异的水性聚氨酯(WPU)与胶原蛋白(GH)共聚乳液(WPU-g-GH)基底材料,赋予水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)良好的生物学性能、力学强度、结构稳定性等;
4)水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)抗张强度为20~23MPa,储能模量不小于7000 MPa,最大热失重温度达到389.6°C;
5)本发明以聚酯型水性聚氨酯(WPU)预聚体与胶原蛋白(GH)进行乳液聚合反应,并通过γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)进一步外交联改性提高材料的疏水性及胶膜韧性,制得水性聚氨酯(WPU)与胶原蛋白(GH)共聚乳液(WPU-g-GH);
以水性聚氨酯(WPU)与胶原蛋白(GH)共聚乳液(WPU-g-GH)为3D框架,通过羟基磷灰石(HAP)仿生沉积法,制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)。
附图说明
图1是本发明专利产品制备工艺流程图;
图2是本发明复合材料实物及微观图像;
图3是本发明复合材料TG/DTG测试结果曲线图;
图4是本发明复合材料热稳定性测试结果图表。
具体实施方式
实施例1,一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,材料制备采用玻璃三颈烧瓶,配备真空除水、加热冷却、冷凝回流、恒压滴液装置,包括以下步骤:
(1)、称取50 g聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇(分子量2000),110°C 真空脱水1~2 h,降温至60°C,加入45 g二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯反应1 h,升温至82°C,保温1 h得到预聚体;
(2)、步骤(1)中预聚体降温到60°C,加入5 g二羟甲基丙酸,进行扩链,反应1 h,然后向体系中加入8 g一缩二乙二醇进行扩链,反应30 min后,升温至82°C,保温2~3 h,直到—NCO 接近理论值(二正丁胺法检测);
(3)步骤(2)中产物降温至50°C,加入3.5 g三乙胺进行中和,中和15 min,加入适量丙酮(约预聚体质量的15~25 %)调节粘度,降温至室温后,加入5°C去离子水1200 r/min搅拌乳化5 min,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
(4)500 r/min高速剪切作用下,将280 g水解胶原蛋白液加入到(质量分数30 %)步骤(3)水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,在水相下与聚氨酯水性预聚体乳液中残留–NCO继续反应,室温下高速搅拌10 min后,降低搅拌转速至150~200 r/min,升温至70°C下保温1 h。
升温至80°C,恒压滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷5 g,约30 min滴完,保温1~2 h。降温至50°C,负压压力为300 mbar下,蒸馏回收丙酮,继续降温至45°C,加入中和剂中和至pH 6.5~7.5,制备出水性聚氨酯与胶原蛋白共聚物乳液(WPU-g-GH)。
(5)称取40 g质量分数25 %的WPU-g-CH乳液,加入CaCl2(7.7 mmol)溶液,37°C下,恒温振荡(振速100 r/min, 振幅20 mm) 24 h,然后蠕动泵(13#胶管,转速1 r/min)加入Na2HPO4(5.1 mmol)溶液,8~10 h加完,pH 9.2,37°C下继续振荡24 h后,制得制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)。
实施例2,一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取50 g聚己二酸丙二醇酯二醇(分子量2000),105°C真空脱水1~2 h,降温至60°C,加入30 g甲苯二异氰酸酯,反应1 h,升温至82°C,保温1 h得到预聚体;
(2)步骤(1)中预聚体降温到60°C,加入5 g二羟甲基丙酸进行扩链,反应1 h,向体系中加入3 g丙二醇进行扩链,反应30 min后,升温至80°C,保温2~3 h;
(3)步骤(2)中产物降温至50°C,加入3.5 g三乙胺进行中和,加入适量丙酮调节粘度。降温至室温后,加入5°C去离子水1100r/min搅拌5 min,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
(4)500 r/min高速剪切作用下,将280 g水解胶原蛋白液加入到(质量分数30 %)步骤(3)水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,在水相下与聚氨酯水性预聚体乳液中–NCO继续反应,室温下搅拌10 min后,降低搅拌转速至150~200 r/min,70°C下保温1 h。
升温至80°C,恒压滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷5 g,约30 min滴完,保温1 h,降温至50°C,300 mbar负压下真空除去挥发物丙酮溶剂,制备出水性聚氨酯与胶原蛋白共聚物乳液(WPU-g-GH)。
(5)称取40 g质量分数30 %的WPU-g-CH乳液,加入CaCl2(6.7 mmol)溶液,37°C下,恒温振荡(振速100 r/min, 振幅20 mm) 24 h,然后蠕动泵(13#胶管,转速1 r/min)加入Na2HPO4(4.7 mmol)溶液,8~10 h加完,pH 9.2,37°C下继续振荡24 h后,制得制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)。
实施例3,一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取40 g异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,50 g真空脱水后的聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(分子量2000),1~2滴二月桂酸二丁基锡催化剂,65°C下反应1 h,升温至80°C,保温1~2 h得到预聚体;
(2)步骤(1)中预聚体加入6 g二羟基丁酸进行扩链,60°C反应1 h,向体系中加入7 g一缩二乙二醇进行扩链,60°C保温1 h,升温至80°C,反应2~3 h;
(3)步骤(2)中产物降温至50°C,加入4 g三乙胺进行中和,适量丙酮调节粘度。降温至室温后,加入5°C去离子水1200r/min搅拌5 min,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
(4)500 r/min高速剪切作用下,将280 g水解胶原蛋白液加入到(质量分数30 %)步骤(3)水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,在水相下与聚氨酯水性预聚体乳液中–NCO继续反应,室温下搅拌10 min后降低搅拌转速至150~200 r/min,升温至65°C反应1~2 h。
升温至80°C,恒压滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷5 g,约30 min滴完,保温1 h,降温至50°C,300 mbar负压下真空除去挥发物丙酮溶剂,制备出水性聚氨酯与胶原蛋白共聚物乳液(WPU-g-GH)。
(5)称取40 g质量分数28 %的WPU-g-CH乳液,加入CaCl2(7.2 mmol)溶液,37°C下,恒温振荡(振速100 r/min, 振幅20 mm) 24 h,然后蠕动泵(13#胶管,转速1 r/min)加入Na2HPO4(5.0 mmol)溶液,8~10 h加完,pH 9.2,37°C下继续振荡24 h后,制得制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)。
实施例4,一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取50 g聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇(分子量2000),110°C 真空脱水1~2 h,降温至60°C,加入45 g二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯,1~2滴辛酸亚锡催化剂,反应1 h,升温至82°C,保温1h得到预聚体;
(2)步骤(1)中预聚体加入6 g二羟基丙酸进行扩链,60°C反应1 h,向体系中加入3 g乙二醇进行扩链,60°C保温1 h,升温至82°C,反应2~3 h;
(3)步骤(2)中产物降温至50°C,加入4.5 g三正丁胺中和,适量丙酮调节粘度。保温20min,降温至室温后,加入5°C去离子水,1200 r/min下搅拌乳化5 min,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
(4)500 r/min高速剪切作用下,将280 g水解胶原蛋白液加入到(质量分数30 %)步骤(3)水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,在水相下与聚氨酯水性预聚体乳液中–NCO继续反应,室温下搅拌10 min后降低搅拌转速至150~200 r/min,升温至70°C反应1~2 h。
升温至80°C,恒压滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷5 g,约30 min滴完,保温1 h,降温至50°C,300 mbar负压下真空除去挥发物丙酮溶剂,制备出水性聚氨酯与胶原蛋白共聚物乳液(WPU-g-GH)。
(5)称取40 g质量分数25 %的WPU-g-CH乳液,加入CaCl2(5.7 mmol)溶液,37°C下,恒温振荡(振速100 r/min, 振幅20 mm) 24 h,然后蠕动泵(13#胶管,转速1 r/min)加入Na2HPO4(3.8 mmol)溶液,8~10 h加完,pH 9.2,37°C下继续振荡24 h后,制得制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)。
实施例5,一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取35 g甲苯二异氰酸酯,50 g真空脱水后的聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(分子量2000),65°C下反应1 h,升温至82°C,保温1~2 h得到预聚体;
(2)步骤(1)中预聚体加入5.5 g二羟甲基丁酸进行扩链,60°C反应1 h,向体系中加入4 g 1,4-丁二醇进行扩链,60°C保温1 h,升温至82°C,反应2~3 h;
(3)步骤(2)中产物降温至50°C,加入3.5 g三乙胺中和,适量丙酮调节粘度,保温30min,降温至室温后,加入5°C去离子水,1200 r/min下搅拌5 min,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
(4)500 r/min高速剪切作用下,将280 g水解胶原蛋白液加入到(质量分数30 %)步骤(3)水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,在水相下与聚氨酯水性预聚体乳液中–NCO继续反应,室温下搅拌10 min后降低搅拌转速至150~200 r/min,升温至70°C反应1~2 h。
升温至80°C,恒压滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷5 g,约30 min滴完,保温1 h,降温至50°C,300 mbar负压下真空除去挥发物丙酮溶剂,制备出水性聚氨酯与胶原蛋白共聚物乳液(WPU-g-GH)。
(5)称取40 g质量分数25 %的WPU-g-CH乳液,加入CaCl2(8.5 mmol)溶液,37°C下,恒温振荡(振速100 r/min, 振幅20 mm) 24 h,然后蠕动泵(13#胶管,转速1 r/min)加入Na2HPO4(5.7 mmol)溶液,8~10 h加完,pH 9.2,37°C下继续振荡24 h后,制得制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料(HAP-WPU-g-GH)。
Claims (10)
1.一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,采用以下重量份的物质制备:二异氰酸酯,聚酯多元醇,小分子二元醇,亲水扩链剂,中和剂,水解胶原蛋白液,γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,氯化钙,磷酸氢二钠。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)称量步骤:按照重量份称量以下组分:二异氰酸酯,聚酯多元醇,小分子二元醇,亲水扩链剂,中和剂,水解胶原蛋白液,γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,氯化钙,磷酸氢二钠;
2)聚氨酯预聚体制备步骤:将定量聚酯多元醇真空除水,加入二异氰酸酯于反应釜中,反应,然后升温,保温,得到聚氨酯预聚体;
3)扩链反应步骤:将步骤2)中聚氨酯预聚体降温,加入亲水扩链剂,反应,然后向体系中加入小分子二元醇进行扩链,反应,升温,保温;
4)中和、乳化步骤:将步骤3)中产物降温至室温,加入中和剂,中和,加入丙酮调节粘度,加入去离子水高速搅拌乳化,得到水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液;
5)水相共聚步骤:快速搅拌下,将水解胶原蛋白液加入到4)中水性聚氨酯预聚体乳液中,继续高速搅拌,降低搅拌转速,升温,保温;
滴加γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷,滴加完毕,继续保温,降温,负压下,蒸馏回收丙酮,继续降温,加入中和剂中和至pH 6.5~7.5,制备出水性聚氨酯-胶原蛋白共聚物乳液;
6)羟基磷灰石(HAP)矿化步骤:定量质量分数水性聚氨酯-胶原蛋白共聚物乳液中加入定量氯化钙溶液,恒温振荡,然后缓慢加入定量磷酸氢二钠溶液,调节pH 值,恒温振荡,制得水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,
所述步骤2)中的二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯或异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种。
4.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,聚酯多元醇为聚己二酸乙二醇酯二醇或聚己二酸丙二醇酯二醇或聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇或聚己二酸己二醇酯二醇中的一种。
5.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述二异氰酸酯为异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯或二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯,加入0.1~0.2 份的催化剂;
所述催化剂为二月桂酸二丁基锡或辛酸亚锡。
6.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤3)中的小分子二元醇扩链剂为乙二醇或丙二醇或1,4-丁二醇或一缩二乙二醇中的一种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,亲水扩链剂为二羟甲基丙酸或二羟甲基丁酸中的一种;
所述步骤4)中和剂为三乙胺或三正丁胺中的一种。
8.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤5)中水解胶原蛋白液来自生化级明胶胰蛋白酶水解产物,其相对分子质量为10000~15000 Da,游离氨基含量2.8 %~3.2 %。
9.根据权利要求2所述的水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤5)中的高速搅拌转速为1000~1300 r/min,降低搅拌速度后的转速为150~200 r/min。
10.根据权利要求1-9任意一项所述的一种水性聚氨酯/胶原蛋白/羟基磷灰石复合材料的应用,其特征在于,该材料主要应用于生物骨组织支架修复材料的制备。
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