CN110235686B

CN110235686B - Seedling cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN110235686B
Application number: CN201910649519.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋拥军
Original assignee: Dongguan Guancheng Landscaping Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Dongguan Guancheng Landscaping Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-18
Filing date: 2019-07-18
Publication date: 2021-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-18
Also published as: CN110235686A

Abstract

The invention discloses a seedling cultivation method, which belongs to the field of seedling planting and adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps: step S1: soil improvement, namely burying humus in the land of the area where the seedlings are planted; step S2: digging a planting pit: digging planting pits in the planting area, wherein the planting pits are arranged in rows and columns; step S3: sowing, namely placing the plants in planting pits; step S4: laying a film, laying the film on the ground of the planting area, wherein the film is provided with abdicating holes, and seedlings of the seedlings pass through the abdicating holes and extend out of the film; step S5: irrigation and fertilization, regular irrigation and fertilization; and (5) building a sunshade before the step S3, wherein the sunshade comprises a shed frame and a sunshade net horizontally connected with the shed frame in a sliding manner, and when the illumination intensity is greater than 5 kalx, the sunshade net is unfolded to shade the seedlings. The invention has the effect of preventing the seedling from being burnt due to over-strong illumination intensity.

Description

Seedling cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling planting, in particular to a seedling cultivation method.

Background

Along with social development and environmental attention, greening plays an extremely important role in urban construction at present, and the demand on greening and landscape plants is more and more, so that the planting of landscape seedlings at present has great market benefits.

At present, the chinese patent publication No. CN104541864A discloses a method for planting and cultivating seedlings, which comprises the following steps: digging a pit: building a plastic greenhouse, coating plastic paper at the top of the greenhouse into a dark color, digging a pit in the greenhouse, arranging a hydrophobic layer on the periphery of the pit along the inner wall, paving a thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure on the bottom of the hydrophobic layer, and adding a soil layer on the farmyard manure; processing the nursery stock; transplanting: placing the seedlings in the pits, and backfilling, wherein 10-20% of humus and plant ash are added into the backfilled soil; fourthly, daily management: the temperature is kept between 8 and 30 ℃; preventing and controlling diseases and pests. The method is simple and easy to implement, and can effectively improve the survival rate of the nursery stock, thereby improving the economic benefit; the method is suitable for common trees such as poplar, willow and the like and common fruit trees such as apple trees, pear trees, orange trees and the like.

The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: the vitality of the seedlings is far lower than that of adult trees in the planting process, so the survival rate of the plants can be influenced by the transitional sunlight irradiation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seedling cultivation method, which utilizes a sunshade to shade the sun so as to avoid the situation that the seedling is burnt due to over-strong illumination intensity.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a nursery stock cultivation method comprises the following steps: step S1: soil improvement, namely burying humus in the land of the area where the seedlings are planted; step S2: digging a planting pit: digging planting pits in the planting area, wherein the planting pits are arranged in rows and columns; step S3: sowing, namely placing the plants in planting pits; step S4: laying a film, laying the film on the ground of the planting area, wherein the film is provided with abdicating holes, and seedlings of the seedlings pass through the abdicating holes and extend out of the film; step S5: irrigation and fertilization, regular irrigation and fertilization; and (5) building a sunshade before the step S3, wherein the sunshade comprises a shed frame and a sunshade net horizontally connected with the shed frame in a sliding manner, and when the illumination intensity is greater than 5 kalx, the sunshade net is unfolded to shade the seedlings.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the fertility of landfill humus improvement soil, place planting in planting the hole, then bury and plant, lay the film at planting area, utilize the film to keep warm and moisturize soil, then utilize the sunshade to carry out the sunshade, avoid the illumination intensity too strong and burn the nursery stock seedling.

The invention is further configured to: in step S1, the leaves are crushed and mixed with plant ash and then buried in the soil, then a film is laid on the upper surface of the soil, the film is removed before step S2, and the film is provided with abdicating holes according to the spacing between the planting holes of the shop before step S4.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, lay the film on soil, utilize the film to keep warm to soil and moisturize to the activity of microorganism in the soil has been accelerated, has accelerated leaf and plant ash decomposition effect, accelerates the release of organic matter in leaf and the plant ash, has increased the fertility of soil.

The invention is further configured to: in step S2, the planting hole is vertically formed in a cylindrical shape, the planting hole is placed in the planting hole, and then the planting hole is buried with soil, and the thickness of the soil covering is 1-3 times of the planting diameter.

By adopting the technical scheme, the seeds are enabled to have enough depth in the soil, the seeds are conveniently and fully contacted with the soil, and the seeds are facilitated to absorb moisture in the soil.

The invention is further configured to: accelerating germination of the seeds before the step S3, and then sterilizing the seeds; the germination accelerating method adopts a sand storage germination accelerating method, and the disinfection method adopts potassium permanganate solution for soaking.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, carry out vernalization to the seed, promote the germination percentage of seed, then utilize potassium permanganate solution to disinfect the seed, reduce the plant diseases and insect pests.

The invention is further configured to: the sunshade includes a plurality of montants and fixed connection in the slide bar of montant upper end, slide on the slide bar and be connected with a plurality of seats that slide, sunshade net fixed connection is in the seat that slides, fixedly connected with zip between the seat that slides.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the seat that slides when needing the sunshade utilizes the sunshade net for the nursery stock sunshade, and when illumination intensity was lower, the seat that slides made the sunshade net no longer carry out the sunshade to the nursery stock.

The invention is further configured to: the seat that slides includes sliding connection in the link of slide bar, the link has two and all is T shape, two be connected with two first connecting axles and a second connecting axle between the link, two first connecting axle rotates and connects in the both ends of link horizontal direction, the second connecting axle rotates and connects in the vertical lower extreme of link, the sunshade net passes a first connecting axle top and then winds the below of second connecting axle again at last around the top of first connecting axle, sunshade net both sides fixed connection is on the seat that slides that is located slide bar length direction both ends.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize first connecting axle and second connecting rod to lead for the sunshade net, make things convenient for the sunshade to wear to arrange in on the link.

The invention is further configured to: the link is including the horizon bar that is the level setting and rotating in the vertical pole of horizon bar, first connecting axle rotates to be connected in the horizon bar, the second connecting axle rotates to be connected in the vertical pole, vertical pole fixed connection is in the worm wheel, the worm wheel is coaxial setting with the center of rotation of vertical pole, link fixedly connected with driving motor, the coaxial fixedly connected with of driving motor's output shaft and worm wheel meshing's worm.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the illumination intensity was too strong, utilize driving motor to drive the worm and rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel and rotates to make the worm wheel rotate, make vertical pole rotate to horizontal position at last, thereby light need pass three-layer sunshade net just can shine to the nursery stock on, further increased the sunshade ability of sunshade.

The invention is further configured to: the vertical rod comprises a sliding part which is rotatably connected with the rotating part of the horizontal rod and connected with the rotating part in a sliding mode, the sliding part is axially and slidably connected with the rotating part, and the second connecting shaft is rotatably connected with the sliding part.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, slide downwards under the effect of the gravity of the portion of sliding to the second connecting rod exerts decurrent pressure to the sunshade net, makes the sunshade net can flatten, avoids the sunshade net not flattening and leads to planting the illumination intensity inhomogeneous in the region.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

firstly, a sunshade is built and comprises a support, a sunshade net is horizontally and slidably connected to the support, when the illumination intensity is greater than 5 kalx, the sunshade net is unfolded to shade the seedlings, and the sunshade is utilized to shade the seedlings, so that the seedlings are prevented from being burnt due to the fact that the illumination intensity is too strong;

secondly, crushing the leaves, mixing the crushed leaves with plant ash, burying the mixture in soil, paving a film on the upper surface of the soil, and preserving heat and moisture of the soil by using the film, so that the activity of microorganisms in the soil is accelerated, the decomposition effect of the leaves and the plant ash is accelerated, the release of organic matters in the leaves and the plant ash is accelerated, and the fertility of the soil is increased;

its third, utilizes the seat of sliding to include the slide bar and rotate to connect in the horizon bar, and first connecting axle rotates to be connected in the horizon bar, and the second connecting rod rotates to be connected in vertical pole, vertical pole fixed connection in worm wheel, the worm wheel is coaxial setting with the center of rotation of vertical pole, link fixedly connected with driving motor, the coaxial fixedly connected with of output shaft of driving motor and its meshed worm when the illumination intensity is too strong, utilize driving motor to drive the worm and rotate, the worm drives the worm wheel and rotates to make the worm wheel rotate, make vertical pole rotate to horizontal position at last, thereby the light need pass three-layer sunshade net could shine to the nursery stock on, further increased the sunshade ability of sunshade.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present embodiment showing a connecting rod;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of the worm wheel of the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a sunshade; 2. a sunshade net; 3. a sliding seat; 4. a shed frame; 5. a vertical rod; 6. a slide bar; 7. a connecting rod; 8. a connecting frame; 9. a first connecting shaft; 10. a second connecting shaft; 11. a horizontal bar; 12. a vertical rod; 13. a roller; 14. pulling a lock; 15. pulling a rope; 16. a worm gear; 17. a worm; 18. a rotating part; 19. a sliding part; 20. a convex ring; 21. a boss; 22. a chute; 23. the motor is driven.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example (b): a soil cultivation method comprises the following steps:

step S1: soil improvement, namely selecting a planting area, paving humus in the soil in the planting area in autumn of the previous year of planting, turning the soil by using a land turning machine to mix the soil and the humus so that the humus enters the soil, and then sprinkling water on the turned soil to moisten the soil. And after 1-3 weeks, crushing the fallen leaves and mixing the fallen leaves with the plant ash, uniformly scattering the mixture in the planting area, and turning the soil in the planting area by using a land turning machine again to enable the crushed fallen leaves and the plant ash to be buried in the soil. The film is laid on the upper surface of the soil, and the film is used for preserving heat and moisture of the soil, so that the activity of microorganisms in the soil is accelerated, the decomposition effect of leaves and plant ash is accelerated, the release of organic matters in the leaves and the plant ash is accelerated, and the fertility of the soil is increased. Taking off the film one week before seeding, turning over the soil again, and watering the soil to moisten the soil.

Step S2: digging a planting pit: digging planting pits in a planting area in spring, wherein the planting pits are arranged in rows and columns; the spacing between planting holes in each row is 30-80 cm, and the spacing between planting holes in each row is 10-15 cm.

Step S3: sowing: after 1-3 days of digging the planting pit, the seeds of the nursery stock are placed in the planting pit and then buried by soil, and the thickness of the soil covering is 1-3 times of the planting diameter, so that the seeds are deep enough in the soil, the seeds are in full contact with the soil, and the seeds can absorb water in the soil. The seedling seeds adopt ginkgo seeds. And (4) accelerating germination of the seeds by adopting a sand storage accelerating germination method before planting. Sand storage germination accelerating method: in autumn of the previous year, soaking the seeds in water for 3-5 days, and uniformly mixing the seedling seeds with sand according to the weight ratio of 1: 3. The moisture content of the sand is about 15%. The mixed seeds can be stored in a wooden box or a mesh bag and moved to a refrigeration place, and the temperature of the refrigeration place is below 0 ℃. Turning over the seeds every 20 days, and supplementing water to the sand to keep the water content in the sand about 15% all the time, thereby keeping the seeds in a wet state. And taking out the seeds 2-3 days before sowing, soaking the seeds in a potassium permanganate solution, and disinfecting the seeds by using the potassium permanganate solution to reduce plant diseases and insect pests. The sunshade 1 will be set up before sowing.

As shown in fig. 1, the sunshade 1 includes a sunshade net 2, a sliding seat 3, and a canopy frame 4. The sliding seat 3 is provided with a plurality of horizontal sliding connections on the shed frame 4, the sunshade net 2 is arranged on the sliding seat 3, and the sliding seat 3 realizes the unfolding and folding of the sunshade net 2. When the illumination intensity is more than 5 kalx, the sunshade net 2 is unfolded to shade the nursery stock.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the canopy frame 4 includes four vertical rods 5 and two sliding rods 6 which are parallel, the sliding rods 6 are horizontally arranged, two ends of each sliding rod are respectively connected with one vertical rod 5, a connecting rod 7 which is perpendicular to the sliding rods 6 is fixedly connected between two adjacent vertical rods 5, and the connecting rod 7 is horizontally arranged. The opposite side walls of the sliding rods 6 are provided with sliding grooves 22 with the cross sections in a convex shape for guiding the sliding seat 3.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sliding seat 3 includes a connecting frame 8, a first connecting shaft 9, and a second connecting shaft 10. The link 8 has two and all is T shape, and the link 8 is including being the horizontal pole 11 of horizontal setting and being the vertical pole 12 of vertical setting. The one end that the horizon bar 11 was carried on the back mutually rotates and is connected with two gyro wheels 13 that the axis of rotation is the level setting, and gyro wheel 13 is as for in the spout 22 to the horizontal slip of link 8 has been realized. The two ends of the first connecting shaft 9 and the second connecting shaft 10 are respectively connected to the connecting frame 8 in a rotating way. The two first connecting shafts 9 are rotatably connected to two ends of the horizontal rod 11 in the horizontal direction, and the second connecting shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the lower end of the vertical rod 12. The sunshade net 2 passes over a first connecting shaft 9, then passes under a second connecting shaft 10, and finally passes over the first connecting shaft 9. Two ends of the sunshade net 2 in the length direction are fixedly connected to first connecting shafts 9 on the sliding seats 3 at two ends of the sliding rod 6 in the length direction. A zipper 14 is fixedly connected between two adjacent connecting frames 8, and a pull rope 15 is fixedly connected with the connecting frame 8 positioned at the most edge. Pulling the pull rope 15 makes the connecting frames 8 at the edge slide, and all the connecting frames 8 slide together under the action of the zipper 14.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vertical rod 12 is rotatably connected to a side wall of the horizontal rod 11 away from the slide rod 6. The vertical rod 12 is fixedly connected to a worm wheel 16, and the worm wheel 16 and the rotation center of the vertical rod 12 are coaxially arranged. A driving motor 23 is fixedly connected to the horizontal rod 11, and a worm 17 meshed with the worm wheel 16 is coaxially and fixedly connected to an output shaft of the driving motor 23. The power cord of the driving motor 23 is wound around the zipper 14 and then wound around the vertical rod 5 to be connected with the storage battery. When the illumination intensity is too strong, the driving motor 23 is utilized to drive the worm 17 to rotate, the worm 17 drives the worm wheel 16 to rotate, so that the worm wheel 16 rotates, the vertical rod 12 rotates to the horizontal position at last, light can irradiate on the nursery stock by penetrating through the three layers of sunshade nets 2, and the sunshade capability of the sunshade 1 is further improved.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the vertical rod 12 includes a rotating portion 18 rotatably coupled to the horizontal rod 11 and a sliding portion 19 slidably coupled to the rotating portion 18. The sliding portion 19 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape and is slidably connected to the rotating portion 18 along the length thereof, and the rotating portion 18 also has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The second connecting shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the sliding portion 19. The upper end of the sliding part 19 penetrates through the lower end of the rotating part 18, the inner wall of the lower end of the rotating part 18 is fixedly connected with a convex ring 20, the outer wall of the upper end of the sliding part 19 is fixedly connected with a boss 21, and the convex ring 20 abuts against the boss 21 when the sliding part 19 slides to the lowest end. The sliding part 19 slides downwards under the action of gravity, so that the second connecting shaft 10 applies downward pressure to the sunshade net 2, the sunshade net 2 can be flattened, and the phenomenon that the illumination intensity in a planting area is uneven due to the fact that the sunshade net 2 is not flattened is avoided.

Step S4: laying a film, arranging a yielding hole at the position of the film mounting planting pit, laying the film on the soil again, extending the yielding hole to the upper part of the film when the seedling seeds germinate, and preserving heat and moisture of the soil by using the film.

S5: watering and fertilizing: and (5) regularly irrigating and fertilizing.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nursery stock cultivation method comprises the following steps: step S1: soil improvement, namely burying humus in the land of the area where the seedlings are planted; step S2: digging a planting pit: digging planting pits in the planting area, wherein the planting pits are arranged in rows and columns; step S3: sowing, namely placing seeds in the planting pits; step S4: laying a film, laying the film on the ground of the planting area, wherein the film is provided with abdicating holes, and seedlings of the seedlings pass through the abdicating holes and extend out of the film; step S5: irrigation and fertilization, regular irrigation and fertilization; the method is characterized in that: building a sunshade (1) before step S3, wherein the sunshade (1) comprises a shed frame (4) and a sunshade net (2) horizontally and slidably connected with the shed frame (4), when the illumination intensity is greater than 5 kalx, the sunshade net (2) is unfolded to shade seedlings, in step S1, leaves are crushed and mixed with plant ash and then buried in soil, then a thin film is laid on the upper surface of the soil, the thin film is taken down before step S2, abdicating holes are formed in the thin film according to the spacing of planting pits before step S4, the planting pits are vertically formed in step S2 and are cylindrical, in step S3, seeds are placed in the planting pits and then buried in the soil, the thickness of covering soil is 1-3 times of the diameter of the seeds, the seeds are subjected to germination accelerating before step S3, and then the seeds are sterilized; the germination accelerating method adopts a sand storage germination accelerating method, the disinfection method adopts potassium permanganate solution to soak, the sunshade (1) comprises a plurality of vertical rods (5) and a sliding rod (6) fixedly connected to the upper ends of the vertical rods (5), the sliding rod (6) is connected with a plurality of sliding seats (3) in a sliding way, the sunshade net (2) is fixedly connected to the sliding seats (3), a zipper (14) is fixedly connected between the sliding seats (3), the sliding seats (3) comprise connecting frames (8) slidably connected to the sliding rods (6), the connecting frames (8) are two and are T-shaped, two first connecting shafts (9) and a second connecting shaft (10) are connected between the connecting frames (8), two first connecting shafts (9) are rotatably connected to the two ends of the connecting frames (8) in the horizontal direction, the second connecting shaft (10) is rotatably connected to the vertical lower ends of the connecting frames (8), the sunshade net (2) passes through the upper part of a first connecting shaft (9), then rounds the lower part of a second connecting shaft (10), and finally rounds the upper part of the first connecting shaft (9), the two sides of the sunshade net (2) are fixedly connected on the sliding seats (3) positioned at the two ends of the sliding rod (6) in the length direction, the connecting frame (8) comprises a horizontal rod (11) which is horizontally arranged and a vertical rod (12) which is rotatably connected with the horizontal rod (11), the first connecting shaft (9) is rotationally connected with the horizontal rod (11), the second connecting shaft (10) is rotationally connected with the vertical rod (12), the vertical rod (12) is fixedly connected with a worm wheel (16), the worm wheel (16) and the rotating center of the vertical rod (12) are coaxially arranged, the connecting frame (8) is fixedly connected with a driving motor (23), and an output shaft of the driving motor (23) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a worm (17) meshed with a worm wheel (16).

2. A nursery stock growing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: vertical pole (12) including rotate connect in the rotation portion (18) of horizontal pole (11) and with rotation portion (18) slip portion (19) of being connected that slide, slip portion (19) axial sliding connection in rotation portion (18), second connecting axle (10) rotate to be connected in slip portion (19).