CN110226423A - A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method - Google Patents
A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110226423A CN110226423A CN201910672332.7A CN201910672332A CN110226423A CN 110226423 A CN110226423 A CN 110226423A CN 201910672332 A CN201910672332 A CN 201910672332A CN 110226423 A CN110226423 A CN 110226423A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting methods, include following steps: (1) selection of stock；(2) selection of scion；(3) it grafting period: is grafted in mid-April early April-；(4) seedling grafting: scion terminal bud is full, and by scion lower end, it is placed in plant growth promoter within first 1 day for grafting, is then 1000-1200Lx in illuminance, temperature is 4-6 DEG C, and humidity places 12-15h in the environment of being 85-90%；Scion is trimmed when grafting；Scion base portion is symmetrically chamfer, and accesses scion in stock veutro notch, plastic film strip tightens grafting part；(5) it unbinds: carrying out a blade face water spray every 2 days；Remove plastic film strip when grafting；(6) it trims；(7) cycocel is poured.Each step of the present invention cooperates, so that the survival rate of pinus yunnanensis grafting is obviously improved compared with the prior art, graft survival rate can reach 95% or more, and can cultivate the pinus yunnanensis that trunk is sturdy, growth is in great numbers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pinus yunnanensis graft technology fields, and in particular to a kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method.
Background technique
Pinus yunnanensis, also known as " flying pine ", " pine ", " become mildewed pine ", are the aiphyllium of Pinaceae Pinus.Bark is taupe gray, splits
It falls off at irregular squama bulk；Annual shoot reddish tan, hairless, the scale leaf on two, three years raw branches often falls off；Hibernaculum is reddish brown
Color.Usual 3 needle of needle (dilute 2 needle) is a branch of, soft；Cone is coniform oval, opens when mature, and base portion is wide, there is short handle；Scutum fertilizer
Thickness, it is slightly flat or swell, or contrary flexure；Squama navel dimple or dimpling have short thorn；Seed brown, nearly oval or oval are micro-
It is flat.
Pinus yunnanensis is distributed in Eastern Tibet, western Sichuan and the west and south, Yunnan, WESTERN GUIZHOU and the west and south and Guangxi northwest
Portion is the indigenous tree of southwest and the green barren hill afforestation vanguard tree seed of this area, is distributed in height above sea level 1000- more
Large area pure forest is commonly formed in 3200 meters of area.Pinus yunnanensis is the strong deep-rootedness tree species of light property, and conformability is strong, is resistant to the winter
Spring arid climate and hungry soil can be born on characteristic of acid red soil, red-yellow soil and brown forest soil or subcalcareous soil.But with life
It is mild in climate, soil layer is deep, fertile profit, sour matter sand loam, well-drained north slope or the growth of half Schattenseite area are best.Dry
Dry tailo or ridge area then grow relatively slow.It is bad in the grown of strong lime soil and impeded drainage.
Pinus yunnanensis is for the use such as building, sleeper, plate, furniture and wood-fibred raw material of industry.Trunk can extract resin, rosin
Middle rosin content accounts for 70-75%, Turpentine -content 20-23%；Tree root can cultivate Poria cocos；Bark can mention tannin extract；Pine needle can refine
Pinke needle oil；The dry distillation of wood can obtain a variety of chemical products.Rosin, turpentine oil, branch, leaf, young fruit, pollen pini etc. are pharmaceutically acceptable.
Pinus yunnanensis propagation method mainly leans on seminal propagation.It, can be by property inferior since the parent's economic characters having are poor
Shape is hereditary to offspring, and in order to produce the good seed of inhereditary feature, excellent product can be generally established using propagation by grafiting method
The pinus yunnanensis of kind.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, each step cooperates, so that pinus yunnanensis
The survival rate of grafting is obviously improved compared with the prior art, and graft survival rate can reach 95% or more, and it is thick to cultivate trunk
It strengthens, grow pinus yunnanensis in great numbers.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock selects: selecting the pinus yunnanensis treelet that robust growth, growing way are good, no disease and pests harm 2-3 is raw as anvil
Wood；Height of seedling 50cm or more, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm；
(2) selection of scion: the strong young sprout of the annual growth potential in high-quality pinus yunnanensis tree crown middle and upper part is acquired in late March and is made
For scion, the scion after acquisition is placed under 1-2 DEG C of environment and carries out low temperature by scion length 9-12cm, rugosity 0.5-0.7cm
It saves；
(3) it grafting period: is grafted in mid-April early April-；
(4) seedling grafting: being watered with water in 1-2 days before grafting, stock made sufficiently to absorb water, and stock cuts off top slightly, retains stock 2-3
Take turns side shoot；
Scion terminal bud is full, and by scion lower end, it is placed in plant growth promoter within first 1 day for grafting, is then in illuminance
1000-1200Lx, temperature are 4-6 DEG C, and humidity places 12-15h in the environment of being 85-90%；Scion is trimmed to length when grafting
5-6 beam needle is stayed in the scion of 6-7cm, terminal bud lower part；
Scion base portion is symmetrically chamfer 1.2-1.6cm with blade, in stock abdomen between 15-30 DEG C by grafting same day temperature
Then one T-shaped notch of lateral incision accesses scion, the two section is opposite to be close to, and then tightens grafting portion with plastic film strip
Position, plastic film cover angular cut position；
(5) it unbinds: watering in time after grafting, a blade face water spray was carried out every 2 days；The 10-11 month remove modeling when grafting
Expect film tape；
(6) trim: 1-3 after grafting, annual April and August trim 1 side shoot, and retain stock 2-3 wheel side shoot；
(7) pour cycocel: after grafting 3 years, in late June early June-, every plant is poured grafting with short form aqueous solution
Tree root system is carried out continuously 3 years.
Preferably, in step (4), the smooth side apart from stock section 8-12cm is as side grafting position.
Preferably, in step (4), the plant growth promoter is the aqueous solution containing NAA and GA3, plant promoting agent
The concentration of middle NAA is 1-1.5mg/L, and the concentration of GA3 is 0.3-0.6mg/L.
Preferably, in step (8), the mass concentration of short form aqueous solution is 0.15%, and irrigation amount is 1-1.5kg/ plants.
Preferably, pinus yunnanensis engrafting method further includes fertilising, and specially between pinus yunnanensis grafts 1-4, annual April exists
An annular groove, ditch depth 13-15cm, width 10-12cm are dug at distance grafting trunk 20-25cm；Farmyard manure, N P and K is compound
Fertilizer, weeds mixing are placed in annular ditch, then earthing.
Preferably, the farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mass ratio be 10:1-2, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
Mass content ratio be 28:12:5.
Preferably, pinus yunnanensis engrafting method further includes the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, and the pinus yunnanensis after specially grafting 1 year is in annual 7-
August part sprays 1200 times of liquid of 25% imidacloprid；For adult eclosion peak period, trapped and killed using black light lamp or fiery heap；It cuts
Except aggrieved branch, manual removal's worm cocoon, concentration is burnt.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The present invention when carrying out pinus yunnanensis grafting, before grafting by scion in particular light, temperature, the condition of humidity in plant
It is handled in object growth promoter, is compared compared to the scion without processing, graft survival rate has biggish promotion
Rate, and subsequent scion growing way is more surging.
Since the pine tree 1-3 year increment after surviving is small, stock and scion retain branches and leaves；Grafting survival can be improved
With the growth of scion.
Grafting tree root system is enough poured using cycocel in grafting, treelet strut can be made to become more sturdy, and leaf color can be made
It is more dark green.And blade face water spray is kept after grafting, effective humidity is kept, stock and the forming layer of scion is made to be easy to heal.
When carrying out pinus yunnanensis grafting, each step cooperates the present invention, so that the more existing skill of survival rate of grafting
Art is obviously improved, and graft survival rate can reach 95% or more, and can cultivate the pinus yunnanensis that trunk is sturdy, growth is in great numbers.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock selects: selecting the pinus yunnanensis treelet that robust growth, growing way are good, no disease and pests harm 2-3 is raw as anvil
Wood；Height of seedling 50cm or more, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm.
(2) selection of scion: the strong young sprout of the annual growth potential in high-quality pinus yunnanensis tree crown middle and upper part is acquired in late March and is made
For scion, the scion after acquisition is placed in progress low temperature guarantor under 1 DEG C of environment by scion length 9-12cm, rugosity 0.5-0.7cm
It deposits.
(3) it grafting period: is grafted in early April；
(4) seedling grafting: being watered with water in 1-2 days before grafting, stock made sufficiently to absorb water, and stock cuts off top slightly, retains stock 2-3
Take turns side shoot.
Scion terminal bud is full, and by scion lower end, it is placed in plant growth promoter within first 1 day for grafting, is then in illuminance
1100Lx, temperature are 5 DEG C, and humidity places 14h in the environment of being 88%；Scion is trimmed to the scion of length 6-7cm when grafting, top
Stay 5-6 beam needle in bud lower part；Wherein plant growth promoter is the aqueous solution containing NAA and GA3, NAA in plant promoting agent
Concentration is 1.5mg/L, and the concentration of GA3 is 0.4mg/L.
Grafting the same day temperature between 15-30 DEG C, scion base portion is symmetrically chamfer into 1.2-1.6cm with blade, stock away from
Veutro from stock tip section 8-12cm cuts a T-shaped notch, then accesses scion, and the two section is opposite to be close to, so
Grafting part is tightened with plastic film strip afterwards, plastic film covers angular cut position.
(5) it unbinds: watering in time after grafting, a blade face water spray was carried out every 2 days；Plastics when removing grafting October are thin
Film item.
(6) trim: 1-3 after grafting, annual April and August trim 1 side shoot, and retain stock 2-3 wheel side shoot.
(7) pour cycocel: after grafting 3 years, in early June, every plant is 0.15% cycocel water with 1.2kg mass concentration
Solution pours grafting tree root system, is carried out continuously 3 years.
(8) apply fertilizer: between pinus yunnanensis grafts 1-4, annual April digs a ring at distance grafting trunk 20-25cm
Shape ditch, ditch depth 13-15cm, width 10-12cm；Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, weeds are mixed and are placed in annular ditch, then
Earthing.Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mass ratio be 10:2, nitrogen in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium mass content ratio be
28:12:5.
(9) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the pinus yunnanensis after grafting 1 year sprays 1200 times of 25% imidacloprid in annual 7-8 month
Liquid；For adult eclosion peak period, trapped and killed using black light lamp or fiery heap；Aggrieved branch is wiped out, manual removal's worm cocoon is concentrated and burnt
It ruins.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock selects: selecting the pinus yunnanensis treelet that robust growth, growing way are good, no disease and pests harm 2-3 is raw as anvil
Wood；Height of seedling 50cm or more, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm.
(2) selection of scion: the strong young sprout of the annual growth potential in high-quality pinus yunnanensis tree crown middle and upper part is acquired in late March and is made
For scion, the scion after acquisition is placed in progress low temperature guarantor under 2 DEG C of environment by scion length 9-12cm, rugosity 0.5-0.7cm
It deposits.
(3) it grafting period: is grafted in mid-April；
(4) seedling grafting: being watered with water in 1-2 days before grafting, stock made sufficiently to absorb water, and stock cuts off top slightly, retains stock 2-3
Take turns side shoot.
Scion terminal bud is full, and by scion lower end, it is placed in plant growth promoter within first 1 day for grafting, is then in illuminance
1200Lx, temperature are 4 DEG C, and humidity places 12h in the environment of being 90%；Scion is trimmed to the scion of length 6-7cm when grafting, top
Stay 5-6 beam needle in bud lower part；Wherein plant growth promoter is the aqueous solution containing NAA and GA3, NAA in plant promoting agent
Concentration is 1mg/L, and the concentration of GA3 is 0.6mg/L.
Grafting the same day temperature between 15-30 DEG C, scion base portion is symmetrically chamfer into 1.2-1.6cm with blade, stock away from
Veutro from stock tip section 8-12cm cuts a T-shaped notch, then accesses scion, and the two section is opposite to be close to, so
Grafting part is tightened with plastic film strip afterwards, plastic film covers angular cut position.
(5) it unbinds: watering in time after grafting, a blade face water spray was carried out every 2 days；Plastics when removing grafting November are thin
Film item.
(6) trim: 1-3 after grafting, annual April and August trim 1 side shoot, and retain stock 2-3 wheel side shoot.
(7) pour cycocel: after grafting 3 years, in late June, every plant is 0.15% cycocel water with 1.5kg mass concentration
Solution pours grafting tree root system, is carried out continuously 3 years.
(8) apply fertilizer: between pinus yunnanensis grafts 1-4, annual April digs a ring at distance grafting trunk 20-25cm
Shape ditch, ditch depth 13-15cm, width 10-12cm；Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, weeds are mixed and are placed in annular ditch, then
Earthing.Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mass ratio be 10:1, nitrogen in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium mass content ratio be
28:12:5.
(9) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the pinus yunnanensis after grafting 1 year sprays 1200 times of liquid of 25% imidacloprid in annual August part；
For adult eclosion peak period, trapped and killed using black light lamp or fiery heap；Aggrieved branch, manual removal's worm cocoon are wiped out, concentration is burnt.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock selects: selecting the pinus yunnanensis treelet that robust growth, growing way are good, no disease and pests harm 2-3 is raw as anvil
Wood；Height of seedling 50cm or more, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm.
(2) selection of scion: the strong young sprout of the annual growth potential in high-quality pinus yunnanensis tree crown middle and upper part is acquired in late March and is made
For scion, the scion after acquisition is placed in progress low temperature guarantor under 1 DEG C of environment by scion length 9-12cm, rugosity 0.5-0.7cm
It deposits.
(3) it grafting period: is grafted in early April；
(4) seedling grafting: being watered with water in 1-2 days before grafting, stock made sufficiently to absorb water, and stock cuts off top slightly, retains stock 2-3
Take turns side shoot.
Scion terminal bud is full, and by scion lower end, it is placed in plant growth promoter within first 1 day for grafting, is then in illuminance
1000Lx, temperature are 6 DEG C, and humidity places 15h in the environment of being 85%；Scion is trimmed to the scion of length 6-7cm when grafting, top
Stay 5-6 beam needle in bud lower part；Wherein plant growth promoter is the aqueous solution containing NAA and GA3, NAA in plant promoting agent
Concentration is 1.2mg/L, and the concentration of GA3 is 0.3mg/L.
Grafting the same day temperature between 15-30 DEG C, scion base portion is symmetrically chamfer into 1.2-1.6cm with blade, stock away from
Veutro from stock tip section 8-12cm cuts a T-shaped notch, then accesses scion, and the two section is opposite to be close to, so
Grafting part is tightened with plastic film strip afterwards, plastic film covers angular cut position.
(5) it unbinds: watering in time after grafting, a blade face water spray was carried out every 2 days；Plastics when removing grafting October are thin
Film item.
(6) trim: 1-3 after grafting, annual April and August trim 1 side shoot, and retain stock 2-3 wheel side shoot.
(7) pour cycocel: after grafting 3 years, in mid-June, every plant is that 0.15% cycocel is water-soluble with 1kg mass concentration
Liquid pours grafting tree root system, is carried out continuously 3 years.
(8) apply fertilizer: between pinus yunnanensis grafts 1-4, annual April digs a ring at distance grafting trunk 20-25cm
Shape ditch, ditch depth 13-15cm, width 10-12cm；Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, weeds are mixed and are placed in annular ditch, then
Earthing.Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mass ratio be 10:2, nitrogen in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium mass content ratio be
28:12:5.
(9) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: the pinus yunnanensis after grafting 1 year sprays 1200 times of liquid of 25% imidacloprid in annual August part；
For adult eclosion peak period, trapped and killed using black light lamp or fiery heap；Aggrieved branch, manual removal's worm cocoon are wiped out, concentration is burnt.
Comparative example 1:
A kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, except before grafting do not use plant growth promoter processing in addition to, other steps with
Embodiment 1 is consistent.
Using the method in such as embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1, counts pinus yunnanensis current year graft survival rate and 3 years protect
Rate is deposited, specific as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Graft survival rate | 3 years storage rates | |
| Embodiment 1 | 96.8% | 92.3% |
| Embodiment 2 | 95.9% | 91.6% |
| Embodiment 3 | 95.1% | 91.2% |
| Comparative example 1 | 92.1% | 88.9% |
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of pinus yunnanensis engrafting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) stock selects: selecting the pinus yunnanensis treelet that robust growth, growing way are good, no disease and pests harm 2-3 is raw as stock；
Height of seedling 50cm or more, rugosity 0.8-1.2cm；
(2) scion selects: acquiring the annual growth potential in high-quality pinus yunnanensis tree crown middle and upper part strong young sprout as connecing in late March
Scion after acquisition is placed in progress low temperature guarantor under 1-2 DEG C of environment by fringe, scion length 9-12cm, rugosity 0.5-0.7cm
It deposits；
(3) it grafting period: is grafted in mid-April early April-；
(4) seedling grafting: being watered with water in 1-2 days before grafting, stock made sufficiently to absorb water, and stock cuts off top slightly, retains stock 2-3 and takes turns side
Branch；
Scion terminal bud is full, and by scion lower end, it is placed in plant growth promoter within first 1 day for grafting, is then in illuminance
1000-1200Lx, temperature are 4-6 DEG C, and humidity places 12-15h in the environment of being 85-90%；Scion is trimmed to length when grafting
5-6 beam needle is stayed in the scion of 6-7cm, terminal bud lower part；
Scion base portion is symmetrically chamfer 1.2-1.6cm with blade, cut in stock veutro by grafting same day temperature between 15-30 DEG C
Then one T-shaped notch accesses scion, the two section is opposite to be close to, and then tightens grafting part with plastic film strip, moulds
Material film covers angular cut position；
(5) it unbinds: watering in time after grafting, a blade face water spray was carried out every 2 days；The 10-11 month, plastics when removing grafting are thin
Film item；
(6) trim: 1-3 after grafting, annual April and August trim 1 side shoot, and retain stock 2-3 wheel side shoot；
(7) pour cycocel: after grafting 3 years, in late June early June-, every plant is poured grafting tree root with short form aqueous solution
System, is carried out continuously 3 years.
2. pinus yunnanensis engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), apart from stock section 8-
The smooth side of 12cm is as side grafting position.
3. pinus yunnanensis engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (4), the plant growth promotes
Agent is the aqueous solution containing NAA and GA3, and the concentration of NAA is 1-1.5mg/L in plant promoting agent, and the concentration of GA3 is 0.3-
0.6mg/L。
4. pinus yunnanensis engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (7), the matter of short form aqueous solution
Measuring concentration is 0.15%, and irrigation amount is 1-1.5kg/ plants.
5. pinus yunnanensis engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include fertilising, specially in pinus yunnanensis
Between grafting 1-4, annual April digs an annular groove, ditch depth 13-15cm, width 10- at distance grafting trunk 20-25cm
12cm；Farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, weeds are mixed and are placed in annular ditch, then earthing.
6. pinus yunnanensis engrafting method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the farmyard manure, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer
Mass ratio is 10:1-2, nitrogen in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium mass content ratio be 28:12:5.
7. pinus yunnanensis engrafting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, specially transfer
Pinus yunnanensis after connecing 1 year sprays 1200 times of liquid of 25% imidacloprid in annual 7-8 month；For adult eclosion peak period, utilize
Black light lamp or fiery heap are trapped and killed；Aggrieved branch, manual removal's worm cocoon are wiped out, concentration is burnt.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113597955A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-11-05 | 中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所 | Method for high-quality and high-yield of slash pine seed orchard |
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