CN110225967A - 具有微胶囊的衣物洗涤剂片 - Google Patents
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- CN110225967A CN110225967A CN201780084834.7A CN201780084834A CN110225967A CN 110225967 A CN110225967 A CN 110225967A CN 201780084834 A CN201780084834 A CN 201780084834A CN 110225967 A CN110225967 A CN 110225967A
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- laundry detergent
- detergent compositions
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- fiber
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- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229940057950 sodium laureth sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SXHLENDCVBIJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-(2-dodecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOS([O-])(=O)=O SXHLENDCVBIJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- MSLRPWGRFCKNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;hydrogen peroxide;dicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OO.OO.OO.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O MSLRPWGRFCKNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl-ethylene Natural products C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/50—Perfumes
- C11D3/502—Protected perfumes
- C11D3/505—Protected perfumes encapsulated or adsorbed on a carrier, e.g. zeolite or clay
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- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/37—Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
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- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
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- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
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- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
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- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
- C11D17/044—Solid compositions
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- C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
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- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
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- C11D3/3707—Polyethers, e.g. polyalkyleneoxides
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- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
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Abstract
本发明提供一种具有易碎微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可清洁衣物并赋予衣物清新度。所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含:(a)至少一种表面活性剂;(b)至少一种成膜剂;以及(c)易碎微胶囊;其中所述衣物洗涤剂片为完全或基本上水溶性的。还公开制备所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,该非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可有助于清洁衣物并赋予衣物清新度。
背景技术
消费者不断表达期望在他们的织物上具有持续更长时间和在整个一天中持续的香味。非纤维衣物洗涤片适用于清洁织物,但目前市售片不足以满足该消费者需求。随着当今市场的香味趋势的增长和发展,尤其是在蜡烛和空气护理类别中,消费者希望在他们的织物上具有挥发性的香味特征,诸如水果味、柑橘味、绿色、较淡的花香味等。问题在于,产生这些特征类型所需的香料成分在衣物洗涤(即,织物清洁)期间不易沉积到衣服上,或者因为它们在干燥过程期间尤其由于高温而可能丧失。
非纤维衣物洗涤片是用于将清新度(经由香料)递送到消费者的衣服上的方便的载体。持久的清新度(例如,持续几天的香味)对许多消费者特别有吸引力,并且因此,已描述了包封香料以便增加其在衣服上持续的能力的多种方法。一种合适的方法包括使用易碎香料微胶囊。然而,与水分活化微胶囊(例如,环糊精)相比,易碎香料微胶囊的问题在于,制备非纤维衣物洗涤片的传统制造方法可能导致微胶囊的过早破裂,从而在这些片的制造中提供不可接受的收率。需要鉴定具有此类易碎微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤片、以及适用于将易碎微胶囊掺入此类片中的制造过程。
发明内容
本发明基于令人惊讶的发现,即在制造过程期间在片形成之后,易碎微胶囊可更有效地掺入非纤维衣物洗涤剂片中。换句话讲,通过稍后在制造过程中将易碎微胶囊分配到片,而不是掺入起始材料中,可在最终产品中获得更好的易碎微胶囊收率。
本发明的一个优点是通过使用易碎香料微胶囊将香料更好地掺入到非纤维衣物洗涤剂片上。
另一个优点是当闻期望的挥发性香味特征的使用者穿着由含有易碎香料微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片洗涤的衣服时改善使用者的体验。
另一个优点是当持久的清新度赋予给他们衣服的使用者穿着由含有易碎香料微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片洗涤的衣服时改善使用者的体验。
另一个优点是当使用者穿着由含有易碎香料微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片洗涤的衣服时改善使用者的体验,该使用者在以下正常的日常物理运动时体验到令人愉悦的清新度:诸如脱下夹克;将衬衫拉到你的头上;或脱下/穿上袜子。
本发明的一个方面提供非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,该非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含:
(a)至少一种表面活性剂;(b)至少一种成膜剂;以及(c)易碎微胶囊;其中所述衣物洗涤剂片具有在0.1mm至2mm范围内的厚度、至少5:1的长度与厚度纵横比、以及至少5:1的宽度与厚度纵横比。
本发明的另一个方面提供制备非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的方法,该方法包括将微胶囊分配到前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的步骤,其中前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片具有(a)至少一种表面活性剂;(b)至少一种成膜剂;以及(c)在0.1mm至2mm范围内的厚度。
对于本领域的技术人员而言,通过阅读本公开,特定实施方案的这些和其它特征、方面和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图中列出的实施方案在本质上是例示性的,并不旨在限制由权利要求书限定的本发明。当结合以下附图阅读时,能够理解对以下例示性实施方案的详细描述,并且其中:
图1为适用于制备包含本发明的易碎微胶囊的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的圆筒衣物洗涤剂片生产系统;
图2为图1的系统的加热的可旋转圆筒;
图3为图1的系统的进料机构;
图4为图1的系统的切片装置;并且
图5为图1的系统的微胶囊浆液罐装置。
具体实施方式
本发明的各种实施方案的特征和有益效果将由以下说明变得显而易见,该说明包括旨在给出本发明的广泛代表的具体实施方案的示例。从该描述和从本发明的实践,各种修改形式对于本领域的技术人员将显而易见。本发明的范围不旨在限于所公开的具体形式,并且本发明涵盖了所有落入如权利要求所限定的本发明的实质和范围内的修改、等同物和另选的替代方案。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
如本文所用,当用于权利要求中时,冠词诸如“一个”和“一种”被理解为是指一个或多个受权利要求保护或描述的物质。术语“包含(comprise/comprises/comprising)”、“含有(contain/contains/containing)”、“包括(include/includes/including)”都意味着非限制性的。
如本文所用,术语“水溶性”是指在20℃和大气压下测量的大于约30克/升(g/L)去离子水的溶解度。术语“基本上水溶性”是指在20℃和大气压下测量的大于约25克/升(g/L)去离子水的溶解度。
如本文所用,术语“片”是指具有厚度、长度和宽度的三维形状,而长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约5:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1:1。优选地,长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约10:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1.2:1。更优选地,长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约15:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1.5:1。最优选地,长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约20:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1.618:1。
如本文所用,术语“非纤维的”是指不含或基本上不含纤维元件的结构。如本文所用,“纤维元件”是指细长微粒,该细长微粒具有大大超过其平均直径的长度,即长度与平均直径纵横比为至少10:1,并且平均直径不大于1mm。
如本文所用,术语“衣物洗涤剂”是指多用途或“重垢型”洗涤剂,尤其是用于织物的清洁洗涤剂,以及清洁辅剂,诸如漂白剂、漂洗助剂、添加剂或预处理类型。
如本文所用,术语“水溶解度”是指样品材料在20℃和大气压下在特定时间段内溶解于水中而无需任何搅拌的能力。该参数通过将10克样品材料在20℃和大气压下置于1升去离子水中持续一(1)分钟而无需任何搅拌来测量。然后将剩余的不溶解的固体从溶液中滤出并立即称重(不干燥)。水溶解度计算为
如本文所用,术语“实质上由…组成”是指组合物不含有将干扰明确公开的那些成分的有益效果或功能的成分。另外,术语“实质上不含”、“基本上不含”或“基本上不具有”是指所指示材料以0重量%至约1重量%,或优选地0重量%至约0.5重量%,或更优选地0重量%至约0.1重量%的量存在,并且最优选地其不以可分析检测到的水平存在。术语“基本上纯的”或“实质上纯的”是指所指示材料以约99.5重量%至约100重量%,优选地约99.9重量%至约100重量%,并且更优选地99.99重量%至约100重量%的量存在,并且最优选地所有其它材料仅作为低于可分析检测到的水平的杂质存在。
如本文所用,除非另外指明,否则所有浓度和比率均按重量计。除非另外指明,否则本文所有的温度均以摄氏度(℃)为单位。除非另外特别说明,否则本文所有的条件均是在20℃和大气压下。除非另外特别指明,否则所有聚合物分子量均按重均数分子量测定。
本发明的衣物洗涤剂片是非纤维的,即,它不含或基本上不含纤维元件。可通过首先提供含有溶解或分散在水中的原料的浆液,并且然后将浆液成形为片状形式,来形成此类衣物洗涤剂片。干燥与成形步骤同时进行,或者干燥可随后进行以去除水并形成具有很少或没有含水量(例如,小于3重量%的水)的成品片。
本发明的衣物洗涤剂片为完全或基本上水溶性的。换句话讲,如常规衣物洗涤剂片中的一些衣物洗涤剂片那样,它不含有水不溶性基质。本发明的衣物洗涤剂片具有至少90%,优选地至少95%,并且更优选地至少98%,并且最优选地至少99%的水溶解度。优选地,本发明的整个衣物洗涤剂片可完全溶解于一升去离子水中,即,在15秒内,更优选地在10秒内,并且更优选地在5秒内,在20℃、大气压下且无需任何搅拌的情况下,在溶液中不留下可见的残余物。
本发明的衣物洗涤剂片可具有任何形状或尺寸,只要其厚度、其长度和其宽度的特征在于至少约5:1的长度与厚度纵横比、至少约5:1的宽度与厚度纵横比、以及至少约1:1的长度与宽度纵横比。优选地,长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约10:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1.2:1。更优选地,长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约15:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1.5:1。最优选地,长度与厚度纵横比和宽度与厚度纵横比两者为至少约20:1,并且长度与宽度纵横比为至少约1.618:1。本发明的衣物洗涤剂片的厚度可在约0.1mm至约10cm,优选地约0.2mm至约5mm,更优选地约0.3mm至约4mm,并且最优选地约0.5mm至约2mm的范围内。衣物洗涤剂片的宽度可在约2cm至约1米,优选地约5cm至约50cm,更优选地约10cm至约40cm的范围内。衣物洗涤剂片的长度可在约2cm至约50米,优选地约5cm至约1米,并且更优选地约10cm至约80cm的范围内。
在本发明的一个优选但非必需的实施方案中,衣物洗涤剂片具有黄金矩形形状(即,具有约1.618:1的长度与宽度纵横比),并且其特征在于约10cm至15cm的宽度和约0.5mm至约2mm的厚度。此类黄金矩形形状在美学上令消费者愉悦且讨人喜欢,因此多个此类形状的片可以在容器中叠堆并包装在一起以便出售,该容器的特征也在于类似的黄金矩形形状。
在本发明的另选的实施方案中,衣物洗涤剂片具有细长形状(即,具有约10-50:1的长度与宽度纵横比),并且其特征在于约10cm至15cm的宽度和约0.5mm至约2mm的厚度。此类细长形状允许将衣物洗涤剂片卷起或折叠成紧凑的单元,以易于包装、储存、装运和展示。
本发明的衣物洗涤剂片的特征在于足够高的表面活性剂活性,例如至少30%,优选地至少50%,更优选地至少60%,并且最优选地至少70%。此类高表面活性剂活性提供非常紧凑且浓缩形式的衣物洗涤剂,这对于经常旅行并且需要在旅途中洗衣的消费者特别方便。另外,与传统粉末或液体形式的衣物洗涤剂相比,对于此类紧凑且浓缩形式的装运和处理成本显著降低,这使得该衣物洗涤剂片特别期望通过电子商务渠道销售。
优选地,本发明的衣物洗涤剂片具有使得其在美学上令消费者愉悦的某些属性。例如,片可具有相对平滑的表面,从而当被消费者触摸时,提供令人愉悦的感觉。另外,期望衣物洗涤剂片在其表面上可具有很少的或不具有可察觉的孔。
还期望本发明的衣物洗涤剂片牢固以承受实质性的机械力而不丧失其结构完整性,但同时足够的柔性以易于包装和储存。
本发明部分地基于以下发现:如果在片形成步骤之后(并且任选地在压印/压花步骤之前)加入易碎的PMC,则即使存在与此类步骤相关联的附加的资本成本,易碎香料微胶囊(“PMC”)的破损也会较少。这些资本成本被在递送到最终非纤维衣物洗涤剂片产品的未破裂的易碎PMC中获得的改善收率大大抵消。
PMC
本发明的一个方面提供包含易碎PMC的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片。“易碎”是指当经受直接外压或剪切力时,微胶囊趋于破裂或裂开。对本发明的目的而言,所用的微胶囊是“易碎的”,如果当附着到用其所处理的织物时,它们可被含胶囊的织物因穿着或处理而被操纵时所经受的力破裂(从而释放出胶囊的内容物)。易碎香料微胶囊与水分活化微胶囊(诸如主要包含环糊精的那些微胶囊)区别开。
易碎PMC在用于非纤维衣物洗涤剂片中是有吸引力的,因为易碎PMC不仅使得前调香味特征能够沉积到织物上,而且还允许消费者在穿着他们的衣服制品的一整天中体验这些香味类型。易碎PMC通过机械手段(例如,摩擦)-不是化学手段(例如,水水解)破裂并释放香料。通常需要最小的破裂压力来破坏结构,诸如正常的日常物理运动,诸如脱下夹克;将衬衫拉到你的头上;或脱下/穿上袜子。此外,易碎PMC还允许消费者在织物上具有令人愉悦的香味体验,该织物由于其保护香料不挥发到周围空气空间的能力甚至能长期储存。
本发明的微胶囊由多种工序形成,该工序包括但不限于包衣、挤出、喷雾干燥、界面聚合、原位聚合和基质聚合。可能的壳材料在其对水的稳定性(即,衣物洗涤和衣物漂洗)方面变化很大。在最稳定之中的是基于聚甲醛脲(PMU)的材料,其可在水溶液(或产品)中保持某些PRM甚至更长的一段时间。此类体系包括但不限于脲-甲醛和/或三聚氰胺-甲醛。
一般来讲,微胶囊包含壳材料和芯材料,所述壳材料包封所述芯材料,所述芯材料包含香料组合物,并且所述壳包含选自以下的材料:聚乙烯;聚酰胺;聚苯乙烯;聚异戊二烯;聚碳酸酯;聚酯;聚丙烯酸酯;氨基塑料,在一个方面所述氨基塑料包括聚脲、聚氨酯和/或聚脲聚氨酯,在一个方面所述聚脲包括聚氧亚甲基脲和/或三聚氰胺甲醛;聚乙烯胺、聚乙烯基甲酰胺、聚烯烃;聚乙烯醇、多糖,在一个方面为藻酸盐和/或脱乙酰壳多糖;明胶;紫胶;环氧树脂;乙烯基聚合物;水不溶性无机物;有机硅;以及它们的混合物。易碎PMC可具有约5微米至45微米,更优选地8微米至25微米的体积加权平均粒度,或另选地约25微米至60微米,更优选地25微米至60微米的体积加权平均粒度。在一个示例中,壳包含三聚氰胺甲醛和/或交联的三聚氰胺甲醛。
壳材料可被水溶性阳离子聚合物涂覆,该水溶性阳离子聚合物例如选自多糖、阳离子改性淀粉和阳离子改性瓜尔胶、聚硅氧烷、二甲基二烯丙基铵多卤化物、二甲基二烯丙基铵多氯化物和乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物、丙烯酰胺、咪唑、咪唑啉鎓卤化物和咪唑鎓卤化物、以及聚乙烯胺及其与N-乙烯基甲酰胺的共聚物。在一个示例中,涂覆所述壳的涂层包含阳离子聚合物和阴离子聚合物。在另一个示例中,所述阳离子聚合物包括羟基乙基纤维素;并且所述阴离子聚合物包括羧基甲基纤维素。
用于制备易碎PMC的方法可包括以下步骤中的一个或多个步骤:
a)制备第一溶液,该第一溶液可包含基于总溶液重量计20%至90%、40%至80%、或甚至60%至80%的水、第一乳化剂和第一树脂,所述第一乳化剂与所述第一树脂的比率为0.1:0至10:0、约0.1:1至10:1、0.5:1至3:1、或甚至0.8:1至1.1:1;
b)制备第二溶液,该第二溶液可包含基于总溶液重量计20%至95%的水、第二乳化剂和第二树脂,所述第二乳化剂与所述第二树脂的比率为0:1至3:1、0.04:1至0.2:1、或甚至0.05:1至0.15:1;
c)将可包含公开于本说明书的香料的芯材料与所述第一溶液组合以形成第一组合物;
d)乳化所述第一组合物;
e)使所述第一组合物与所述第二溶液组合以形成第二组合物,并且任选地组合任何加工助剂和所述第二组合物—所述第一组合物和所述第二溶液可以任何顺序组合,但是在一个方面,所述第二溶液加入到所述第一组合物中,或者同时组合所述第二溶液和所述第一组合物;
f)在25℃至100℃、45℃至90℃、或甚至50℃至80℃的温度加热下,使所述第二组合物混合至少15分钟、至少1小时、或甚至4小时至100小时,并且任选使任何加工助剂与所述第二组合物组合;
g)任选地在步骤f.)期间或其后,将任何清除剂材料、结构剂和/或抗凝聚剂与所述第二组合物组合—此类材料可以任何顺序组合,但是在一个方面,首先组合清除剂材料,接着组合任何结构剂,并且然后组合抗凝聚剂;以及
h)任选地喷雾干燥所述第二组合物。
在所述方法的一个或多个方面,所述第一树脂和所述第二树脂可包括醛和胺的反应产物,合适的醛包括甲醛。合适的胺包括三聚氰胺、脲、苯胍胺、甘脲、以及它们的混合物。合适的三聚氰胺包括羟甲基三聚氰胺、甲基化羟甲基三聚氰胺、亚氨基三聚氰胺以及它们的混合物。合适的脲包括二羟甲基脲、甲基化二羟甲基脲、脲-间苯二酚、以及它们的混合物。
在所述方法的一个或多个方面,所述第一乳化剂和所述第二乳化剂可包含选自以下的部分:羧基、羟基、硫醇、胺、酰胺以及它们的组合。在一个方面,所述乳化剂可具有小于5,优选地大于0但小于5的pKa。乳化剂包括丙烯酸-丙烯酸烷基酯共聚物、聚(丙烯酸)、聚氧化烯脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚亚烷基-共-羧基酸酐、聚亚烷基-共-马来酸酐、聚(甲基乙烯基醚-共-马来酸酐)、聚(丙烯-共-马来酸酐)、聚(丁二烯-共-马来酸酐)、和聚(乙酸乙烯酯-共-马来酸酐)、聚乙烯醇、聚亚烷基二醇、聚氧化亚烷基二醇、以及它们的混合物。
在所述方法的一个或多个方面,可控制第一溶液和第二溶液的pH,使得所述第一溶液和所述第二溶液的pH为约3.0至7.0。
在所述方法的一个或多个方面,在步骤f.)期间,基于总第二组合物重量计0%至10%、1%至5%、或甚至2%至4%的盐可与所述第二组合物组合,所述盐包含阴离子和阳离子,所述阴离子选自氯离子、硫酸根离子、磷酸根离子、硝酸根离子、多磷酸根离子、柠檬酸根离子、马来酸根离子、延胡索酸根离子、以及它们的混合物;并且所述阳离子选自周期表IA族元素、周期表IIA族元素、铵阳离子以及它们的混合物,优选地硫酸钠。
在所述方法的一个或多个方面,可组合上述加工参数中的任一个加工参数。
制备合适的包封物以及合适的壳材料的补充教导内容描述于美国专利6,869,923B1以及美国公布专利申请2005/0276831A1和2007/020263A1中。用于本文所公开的步骤中的合适的设备可包括连续搅拌槽反应器、匀化器、涡轮式搅拌器、再循环泵、桨式混合器、犁刀式混合器、带式共混机、竖直轴线制粒机和转筒混合器(该两者可成批使用,并且其中可用于连续步骤构型中)、喷雾干燥机和挤出机。此类设备可得自Lodige GmbH(Paderborn,Germany)、Littleford Day,Inc.(Florence,Kentucky,U.S.A.)、Forberg AS(Larvik,Norway)、Glatt Ingenieurtechnik GmbH(Weimar,Germany)、Niro(Soeborg,Denmark)、Hosokawa Bepex Corp.(Minneapolis,Minnesota,U.S.A.)、Arde Barinco(New Jersey,U.S.A.)。
尽管本发明的一个优选方面涉及包封在易碎微胶囊,即易碎PMC内的香料,但本发明不应仅限于包封香料的那些微胶囊。相反,易碎微胶囊可包封适用于穿着在衣服上的任何活性物质。此类活性物质的非限制性示例包括护肤剂(诸如芦荟或皮肤保湿剂)或驱昆虫剂(诸如DEET)。
微胶囊浆液和微胶囊浆液罐
本发明的一个方面包括容纳在微胶囊浆液罐中的微胶囊浆液,优选地其中微胶囊为易碎微胶囊或甚至更优选地易碎香料微胶囊。
术语“微胶囊浆液罐”在本文中最广义地用于包括适用于容纳商业量微胶囊浆液的任何容器。微胶囊浆液罐可包括加热元件,该加热元件向容纳在微胶囊浆液罐中的微胶囊浆液赋予热量。微胶囊浆液罐还可包括混合元件。
术语“加热元件”在本文中最广义地用于包括可向容纳在微胶囊浆液罐中的微胶囊浆液赋予热量的任何装置。在另一个实施方案中,微胶囊浆液在微胶囊浆液罐中处于加热温度(即,微胶囊浆液在微胶囊浆液罐中加热,或递送到已处于加热形式的微胶囊浆液,或它们的组合)。加热元件的非限制性示例可包括:微胶囊浆液罐的夹套中的电热跟踪(例如,存在外层和内层至微胶囊浆液罐,并且在这些层之间存在经由计算机控制的电跟踪)。
术语“混合元件”在本文中最广义地使用,并且包括以商业规模混合微胶囊浆液罐中的微胶囊浆液的任何装置。混合元件的非限制性示例包括刮壁器、搅拌器、循环泵、或它们的组合。刮壁器通过以圆形图案刮擦已粘附到微胶囊浆液罐的壁的微胶囊浆液而起作用。搅拌器位于微胶囊浆液罐的底部处。与共混机一样,搅拌器以圆形方式旋转,使得微胶囊浆液不被允许沉降在微胶囊浆液罐的底部处。循环泵将微胶囊浆液从容器的底部推动通过管道并返回到微胶囊浆液罐的顶部中。混合元件的制造商包括Chemineer Kinetics。
优选地微胶囊浆液在微胶囊浆液施加到其(即分配到其)的前体衣物洗涤剂片(即,在片从辊中移除之后)的温度的至少约±30℃,优选地±20℃,优选地±10℃内加热。出于本发明的目的,在将微胶囊浆料分配到其之前立即测量洗涤剂片的温度。红外温度枪是在这些条件下测量温度的一种方法。
在一个示例中,微胶囊浆液处于50℃至100℃,或者55℃至99℃,或者60℃至98℃的温度。出于本发明的目的,当浆液容纳在微胶囊浆液罐中时,评估微胶囊浆液的温度。
在一个示例中,前体衣物洗涤剂片(在洗涤剂片形成步骤之后,但在微胶囊浆液分配到所述洗涤剂片之前)处于50℃至100℃,或者55℃至99℃,或者60℃至98℃的温度。
本发明的这个方面部分地基于以下观察:如果在添加洗涤剂片时微胶囊浆液不具有足够的高温,则微胶囊处理的洗涤剂片就可能具有潜在的若干不利因素,包括片的缺陷(例如,较不光滑的表面,或凸起或对美观的其它不期望的影响)。不受理论的束缚,该温差可影响片的“固化”。
本发明的另一个方面提供微胶囊浆液中待最小化的水的量。例如,微胶囊浆液包含按微胶囊浆液的重量计小于约75%的水,或者小于50%的水,或者小于42%的水。在另一个示例中,微胶囊浆液包含按微胶囊浆液的重量计75%至20%,或者65%至30%,或者60%至35%,或者50%至38%的水。
微胶囊浆液中的一些水是期望的。易碎PMC的许多供应商提供易碎PMC作为包含水的易碎PMC浆液(相对于粉末形式)。这些易碎PMC浆液通常比粉末或干燥形式的易碎PMC浆液更便宜。此外,易碎PMC或具有高非水溶剂水平的那些易碎PMC浆液的粉末形式可能带来安全问题,因为分别与PMC的细尘相关联的易燃性和与一些溶剂相关联的易燃性。PMC浆液中的水还可提供PMC在PMC浆液中更均匀的分布,诸如以避免附加的混合步骤,诸如球磨和胶体磨。优选地在没有或基本上没有球磨或胶体磨步骤的情况下,将PMC掺入衣物洗涤剂片中。
本发明的另一个方面提供在浆液容纳在香料浆液罐中时混合微胶囊浆液。在香料浆液罐中混合浆液的合适方式包括:在微胶囊浆液罐中的刮壁器、搅拌器、或它们的组合;或者到或来自微胶囊浆液罐的管道中的静态混合器;或它们的组合。优选地应避免通过球磨、胶体磨进行混合,以避免微胶囊的破损。本发明的这个方面部分地基于以下观察:混合PMC浆液在成品中提供微胶囊的更匀化的、均匀的掺入。
在本发明的另一个方面,微胶囊浆液包含结构剂。不受理论的束缚,据信有时是微胶囊浆液的一部分的阴离子材料可与可为前体衣物洗涤剂片的一部分的阳离子材料发生不利的相互作用(或甚至反之亦然)。阴离子和阳离子物质之间的相互作用可导致聚集或相分离。除了由颗粒的聚集产生的无法接受的美观原因外,此类聚集体还可能导致颗粒从体相中快速相分离。据发现,可通过加入结构剂来防止此类聚集体,该结构剂选自盐、聚合物、或它们的组合。可用的结构剂可包括:(1)二价盐,诸如:镁盐,例如氯化镁、乙酸镁、磷酸镁、甲酸镁、硼化镁、钛酸镁、七水硫酸镁;钙盐,例如氯化钙、甲酸钙、乙酸钙钙、溴化钙;(2)三价盐,诸如:铝盐,例如硫酸铝、磷酸铝、氯化铝n水合物;以及(3)具有使阴离子颗粒悬浮的能力的聚合物,诸如污垢悬浮聚合物,例如(聚乙烯亚胺、烷氧基化聚乙烯亚胺、聚季铵盐-6和聚季铵盐-7)。
在一个方面,甲酸钙和/或甲酸可加入到包含水的微胶囊浆液中。甲酸钙和/或甲酸通常以基于总含水微胶囊浆液重量计0.6%至3%,1%至2%,或者1.2%至1.5%的水平与微胶囊浆液组合。使用甲酸钙和/或甲酸的附加有益效果可包括微生物抑制。例如,结构剂可包括按微胶囊浆液的重量计0.1%至5%,或者0.5%至4%,或者0.6%至3%。
任选地,微胶囊浆液包含甲醛清除剂。
从来自微胶囊浆液罐的通过管道排出的微胶囊浆液的流动被泵送并且可通过流量计进行调节。洗涤剂片和易碎PMC浆液可组合,从而获得包含按组合物的重量计0.1%至10%,或者0.5%至7%,或者1%至6%,或者1.5%至5%,或者1.5%至4%的易碎PMC的组合物(其中组合物包括洗涤剂片和PMC)。在干燥时,组合的洗涤剂片和易碎PMC可包含按组合物的重量计5%至0%,或者小于4%,或者小于3%,或者小于2%,或者小于1%,或者小于0.5%,或者小于约0.1%的水,或者基本上不含,或者不含水(其中组合物包括洗涤剂片和PMC)。
喷嘴经由通过管道与微胶囊浆液罐流体地连接。电磁阀放置在通过管道或喷嘴上。喷嘴能够将PMC浆液喷涂或以其它方式分配到前体衣物洗涤剂片上。
较不优选但在本发明的一个方面的范围内的是将包含少量水的易碎PMC的组合物(例如按组合物的重量计5%至0%的水,诸如粉末或颗粒形式的易碎PMC)加入到前体衣物洗涤剂片中。在形成洗涤剂片之后,可加入基本上固体形式的易碎PMC或含有PMC的低水组合物。该方法可包括将PMC组合物喷涂到洗涤剂片。易碎PMC的低水组合物可包含按组合物的重量计小于5%、或4%、或3%、或2%、或1%、或0.5%、或0.1%的水。易碎PMC的低水组合物可包含按组合物的重量计99.9%至1%,或者80%至99%,或者90%至99%的易碎PMC。在另一个实施方案中,易碎PMC的低水组合物不含或基本上不含去污表面活性剂。易碎PMC的低水组合物可为粉末或颗粒形式。
表面活性剂片形成步骤
描述制备非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的一个或多个步骤。
参考圆筒衣物洗涤剂片生产系统的图1至图6,该系统包括底座支架1,加热的可旋转圆筒2(参见图2)安装在所述底座支架1上。加热的可旋转圆筒2可由安装在所述底座支架1上的电动驱动器A1驱动,并且以预定的旋转速度工作。所述旋转热辊2也涂覆有不粘涂层21。不粘涂层21可覆盖在加热的可旋转圆筒2的外表面上,或者所述不粘涂层21固定到加热的可旋转圆筒2的外表面的介质22。介质22包括但不限于耐热非织造织物、耐热碳纤维、耐热金属或非金属网等。所述不粘涂层21有效地保护衣物洗涤剂组合物在片材料中的活性不受损坏。
还存在安装在所述支架1上的进料机构3(参见图3),该进料机构用于将液体衣物洗涤剂片材料(不含易碎微胶囊)加入到所述加热的可旋转圆筒2中。液体衣物洗涤剂片材料可包含下文所述的表面活性剂和成膜剂材料。值得注意的是,液体衣物洗涤剂片材料不含易碎微胶囊。进料机构3包括安装在所述支架1上的进料架31;安装在所述进料架31上的至少一个(优选地两个)进料料斗32;以及用于动态观察进料的成像装置33。成像装置33安装在所述进料架31以及用于调节所述进料料斗32的位置和倾角的调节装置34上。通过调节所述调节装置34来调节所述进料料斗32和所述加热的可旋转圆筒2的外表面之间的距离,可满足对衣物洗涤剂片生产的不同厚度的需要。调节装置34可将进料料斗32调节到不同的角度以便满足速度和质量的材料要求。
加热罩4(参见图1)也安装在所述支架1上,以防止快速散热。否则,衣物洗涤剂片液体材料可被所述加热的可旋转圆筒2过快地干燥。加热罩还可有效地节省所述加热的可旋转圆筒2所需的能量,从而实现降低的能量消耗并提供成本节省。加热罩4为模块化组装结构或集成结构,并且可自由地从所述支架1上拆下。抽吸装置41也安装在加热罩4上以用于抽吸热蒸汽,以避免任何冷凝水落在衣物洗涤剂片的原料上。
开始进料机构5(参见图1)也安装所述支架1上,该开始进料机构用于铲起由所述加热的可旋转圆筒2干燥的衣物洗涤剂片原料。开始进料机构5安装在所述支架1上,或安装在自推进平台6的一侧上,以用于向下输送铲起的衣物洗涤剂片原料(即,前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片)。所述开始进料机构5可自动或手动地移动靠近并远离加热的可旋转圆筒2。
不受理论的束缚,如果这些微胶囊已经以其它方式被加入到初始液体衣物洗涤剂片材料中,则开始进料机构5的使用可过早地使易碎微胶囊破裂。
所述自推进平台6的另一侧连接到切片装置7,以用于对衣物洗涤剂片原料进行形状切片,所述自推进平台6位于微胶囊浆液罐装置8的底部或一侧处
任选地,如果期望对洗涤剂片进行压花步骤,则所述自推进平台位于压花装置9的底部或一侧处。压花装置9(参见图6)由自由拉伸和旋转的移动臂91、安装在所述移动臂91的一端上的自由交换的压花模具92和用于驱动所述移动臂91的驱动器A3来组装。
优选地,在将PMC浆液分配到前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片之前进行任何压花步骤。在微胶囊加入之后对洗涤剂片进行压花可使易碎微胶囊破裂。
其中,所述自推进平台6(参见图1)由平台支架61、安装在平台支架61上的自推进带62和用于驱动所述自推进带62的安装在平台支架61上的驱动器A2组装。
所述切片装置7(参见图4)由切片装置外壳71、放置在所述切片装置外壳71内的切割器72和用于驱动切割器72的安装在所述切片装置外壳71中的驱动器A4组装。
微胶囊浆液罐装置9(参见图5)由用于储存微胶囊浆液的微胶囊浆液罐81装配(并且优选地加压或重力进料)。喷嘴83经由通过管道82与微胶囊浆液罐81流体地连接。电磁阀84放置在所述通过管道82或喷嘴83上。喷嘴83位于所述自推进平台6的所述自推进带62的顶部上。喷嘴83能够将PMC浆液喷涂或以其它方式分配到洗涤剂片上。
描述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的制备方法。首先,所述支架1上具有不粘涂层21的加热的可旋转圆筒2由驱动器A1驱动。接着,调节装置34调节进料机构3,使得进料料斗32和加热的可旋转圆筒2的外表面之间的距离达到预设值。同时,进料料斗32将液体衣物洗涤剂片原料(不含易碎微胶囊)加入到加热的可旋转圆筒2。加热罩4的抽吸装置41抽吸由加热的可旋转圆筒2产生的热蒸汽。接着,在蒸发的水达到预定值时,开始进料机构5铲起衣物洗涤剂片。驱动器A2驱动自推进平台6的自推进带62,以将由所述开始进料机构5铲起的衣物洗涤剂片原料向下输送。驱动器A3驱动压花装置9的移动臂91自由地拉伸和旋转,使得压花模具92可在衣物洗涤剂片材料上自由地压印不同的形状。此后电磁阀84打开以便通过喷嘴83将压力容器81中的微胶囊浆液喷涂到干燥(且压花)的衣物洗涤剂片原料。最后,驱动器A4驱动切片装置7的切割器72,以便将衣物洗涤剂片切割成待包装的期望形状。
表面活性剂
本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可包含至少一种表面活性剂,该至少一种表面活性剂选自阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、以及它们的组合。此类至少一种表面活性剂在非纤维衣物洗涤剂片中形成表面活性剂体系,其可以在按非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计约5%至约90%,优选地约10%至约90%,更优选地约20%至约90%,还更优选地约30%至约90%,并且最优选地约50%至约90%范围内的量存在。
在一个尤其优选但非必需的本发明的实施方案中,衣物洗涤剂片可具有仅含有阴离子表面活性剂的表面活性剂体系,例如,单一阴离子表面活性剂或者两种或更多种不同的阴离子表面活性剂的组合。另选地,本发明的衣物洗涤剂片可具有复合表面活性剂体系,例如,含有一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂与一种或多种非离子表面活性剂的组合,或者一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂与一种或多种两性表面活性剂的组合,或者一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂与一种或多种阳离子表面活性剂的组合,或者所有上述类型的表面活性剂的组合(即阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、两性表面活性剂和阳离子表面活性剂)。优选但非必需的是,本发明的衣物洗涤剂片具有含有一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂与一种或多种非离子表面活性剂的组合的复合表面活性剂体系。
阴离子表面活性剂
适用于形成本发明的衣物洗涤剂片的阴离子表面活性剂可容易地选自C6-C20直链或支链的烷基苯磺酸盐(LAS)、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基硫酸盐(AS)、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基烷氧基化硫酸盐(AAS)、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基磺酸盐、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基羧酸盐、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基磷酸盐、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基膦酸盐、以及它们的组合。本发明的优选的阴离子表面活性剂选自LAS、AS、AAS、以及它们的组合。衣物洗涤剂片中的阴离子表面活性剂的总量可在按非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计5%至90%,优选地10%至80%,更优选地20%至75%,并且最优选地30%至70%的范围内。
中切AS
用于形成本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的尤其优选类型的阴离子表面活性剂为C6-C18烷基硫酸盐,其在下文中被称为“中切AS”,而其中的每一个具有含有约6至约18个碳原子的支链或直链的未烷氧基化的烷基基团。在本发明的一个尤其优选的实施方案中,中切AS作为主要表面活性剂存在于衣物洗涤剂片中,即其以按所述片中所有表面活性剂的总重量计大于50%的量存在,而其它阴离子表面活性剂(诸如LAS和/或AAS)作为此类中切AS的辅助表面活性剂存在。
本发明的中切AS具有R-O-SO3 -M+的通式,其中R为支链或直链的未烷氧基化的C6-C18烷基基团,并且M为碱金属阳离子、碱土金属阳离子或铵阳离子。优选地,AS表面活性剂的R基团含有约8至约16个碳原子,更优选地约10至约14个碳原子,并且最优选地约12至约14个碳原子。R可为取代或未取代的,并且优选地为未取代的。R基本上不具有任何烷氧基化度。M优选地为钠阳离子、钾阳离子、或镁阳离子,并且更优选地M为钠阳离子。
一种或多种此类中切AS表面活性剂优选地用作本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的表面活性剂体系中的主要表面活性剂。换句话讲,一种或多种中切AS表面活性剂以按衣物洗涤剂片中的所有表面活性剂的总重量计大于50%的量存在。
优选地,但非必需的是,本发明的表面活性剂体系含有中切AS表面活性剂的混合物,其中C6-C14AS表面活性剂以在按混合物的总重量计约85%至约100%范围内的量存在。该混合物可被称为“富C6-C14AS混合物”。更优选地,此类富C6-C14AS混合物含有约90重量%至约100重量%、或92重量%至约98重量%、或约94重量%至约96重量%、或100重量%(即纯)的C6-C14AS。
在本发明的一个特别优选的实施方案中,表面活性剂体系含有中切AS表面活性剂的混合物,该混合物包含约30重量%至约100重量%,或约50重量%至约99重量%,优选地约60重量%至约95重量%,更优选地约65重量%至约90重量%,并且最优选地约70重量%至约80重量%的C12-C14AS,其可被称为“富C12-C14AS混合物”。优选地,此类富C12-C14AS混合物含有大多数的C12AS。在本发明的一个最优选的实施方案中,表面活性剂体系含有中切AS表面活性剂的混合物,该混合物由C12和/或C14AS表面活性剂组成,例如100%C12AS或约70重量%至约80重量%的C12AS和20重量%至约30重量%的C14AS,在其中具有极少或不具有其它AS表面活性剂。
尤其适用于本发明实践的可商购获得的中切AS混合物为V95G,来自Cognis(Monheim,Germany)。
另外,本发明的表面活性剂体系可含有中切AS表面活性剂的混合物,该混合物包含大于约50重量%,优选地大于约60重量%,更优选地大于70重量%或80重量%,并且最优选地大于90重量%或甚至100重量%(即基本上纯)的具有偶数个碳原子的直链AS表面活性剂,包括例如C6、C8、C10、C12、C14、C16和C18AS表面活性剂。
用于本发明中的中切AS表面活性剂的量可在按非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计约5%至约90%,优选地约10%至约80%,更优选地约20%至约75%,并且最优选地约30%至约70%的范围内。在本发明的一个最优选的实施方案中,非纤维衣物洗涤剂片含有按此类片的总重量计约10重量%至约60重量%,优选地约20重量%至约50重量%的纯C12AS或富C12-C14AS混合物,而富C12-C14AS混合物含有按此类混合物的总重量计约70重量%至约80重量%的C12AS和20重量%至约30重量%的C14AS。
LAS
本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可含有单独作为主要表面活性剂,或优选地与上文所述的中切AS组合作为其辅助表面活性剂的C6-C20直链烷基苯磺酸盐(LAS)。在本发明的一个尤其优选的实施方案中,LAS作为主要表面活性剂存在于衣物洗涤剂片中,即其以按所述片中所有表面活性剂的总重量计大于50%的量存在,而其它阴离子表面活性剂(诸如中切AS和/或AAS)作为此类LAS的辅助表面活性剂存在。
LAS阴离子表面活性剂在本领域中是公知的,并且可通过使可商购获得的直链烷基苯磺化而容易地获得。可用于本发明中的示例性C6-C20直链烷基苯磺酸盐包括C6-C20直链烷基苯磺酸的碱金属、碱土金属或铵盐,并且优选地C11-C18或C11-C14直链烷基苯磺酸的钠、钾、镁和/或铵盐。更优选的是C12直链烷基苯磺酸的钠或钾盐,并且最优选的是C12直链烷基苯磺酸的钠盐,即十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
如果存在,则本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片中的LAS的量可在按衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计约5%至约90%,优选地约10%至约80%,更优选地约20%至约75%,并且最优选地约30%至约70%的范围内。在本发明的一个最优选的实施方案中,非纤维衣物洗涤剂片含有约5重量%至约20重量%的C12直链烷基苯磺酸的钠、钾、或镁盐。
AAS
本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可含有单独作为主要表面活性剂,或优选地与上文所述的中切AS和/或LAS组合作为辅助表面活性剂的具有在约0.1至约5范围内的平均烷氧基化度的C10-C20直链或支链的烷基烷氧基硫酸盐(AAS)。
AAS表面活性剂优选地为具有下式(I)的C10-C20直链或支链的烷基乙氧基硫酸盐(AES):
R-O-(C2H4O)x-SO3 -M+ (I),
其中R为具有10至20个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基链,饱和或不饱和的;x平均为1至3;并且M选自碱金属离子、铵或取代的铵。优选地,R为具有12至16个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基链;x平均为3;并且M为钠。用于本发明实践的最优选的阴离子表面活性剂为具有约3的平均乙氧基化度的月桂基醚硫酸钠。
如果存在,则AAS表面活性剂可以在按非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计约1%至约30%,优选地约2%至约20%,更优选地约5%至约15%范围内的量提供。
非离子表面活性剂
本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可含有一种或多种非离子表面活性剂,该一种或多种非离子表面活性剂将与上文所述的阴离子表面活性剂组合使用。一种或多种此类阴离子表面活性剂可以在按此类非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计1%至40%,优选地2%至30%,更优选地5%至25%,并且最优选地10%至20%范围内的量存在。
可用于本文的合适的非离子表面活性剂可包括任何常规非离子表面活性剂。这些可包括例如氧化胺表面活性剂和烷氧基化的脂肪醇。非离子表面活性剂可选自式R(OC2H4)nOH的乙氧基化醇和乙氧基化烷基酚,其中R选自含有约8至约15个碳原子的脂族烃基团和其中烷基基团含有约8至约12个碳原子的烷基苯基基团,并且n的平均值为约5至约15。在一个示例中,非离子表面活性剂选自乙氧基化醇,在该醇中具有平均约24个碳原子,以及每摩尔醇约9摩尔亚乙基氧的平均乙氧基化度。可用于本文的非离子表面活性剂的其它非限制性示例包括:C8-C18烷基乙氧基化物,诸如来自Shell的非离子表面活性剂;C6-C12烷基酚烷氧基化物,其中烷氧基化物单元可为乙烯氧基单元、丙烯氧基单元、或它们的混合物;C12-C18醇和C6-C12烷基酚与环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷嵌段聚合物的缩合物,诸如来自BASF的C14-C22中链支化的醇;C14-C22中链支化的烷基烷氧基化物,BAEx,其中x为1至30;烷基多糖,并且具体地烷基多苷;多羟基脂肪酸酰胺;以及醚封端的聚(烷氧基化)醇表面活性剂。合适的非离子表面活性剂还包括BASF以商品名销售的那些。
本发明的优选的非离子表面活性剂包括烷基多葡糖苷、烷基醇、烷基烷氧基化醇、烷基烷氧基化物、烷基酚烷氧基化物、烷基纤维素、多羟基脂肪酸酰胺、醚封端的聚(烷氧基化)醇表面活性剂。在一个更优选的实施方案中,非离子表面活性剂选自烷基烷氧基化醇诸如C8-18烷基烷氧基化醇,并且更具体地C8-18烷基乙氧基化醇。烷基烷氧基化醇可具有约1至约50、或约1至约30、或约1至约20、或约1至约10的平均烷氧基化度。烷基烷氧基化醇可以是直链或支链、取代或未取代的。
在一个最优选的实施方案中,本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片含有具有约1至约10、或约1至约8、或约3至约7的平均乙氧基化度的C12-14烷基乙氧基化醇,其量在按衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计约1%至约40%,优选地约5%至约25%,并且更优选地约10%至约20%的范围内。
辅助洗涤剂成分
本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片可任选地包含一种或多种其它辅助洗涤剂成分以用于帮助或增强清洁性能或改变片的美观性。此类辅助洗涤剂成分的示例性示例包括:(1)无机和/或有机助洗剂,诸如碳酸盐(包括碳酸氢盐和倍半碳酸盐)、硫酸盐、磷酸盐(例如三聚磷酸盐、焦磷酸盐和玻璃状聚合偏磷酸盐)、膦酸盐、植酸、硅酸盐、沸石、柠檬酸盐、聚羧酸酯及其盐(诸如苯六甲酸、琥珀酸、氧化二琥珀酸、聚马来酸、苯1,3,5-三羧酸、羧基甲氧基琥珀酸、以及它们的可溶性盐)、醚羟基聚羧酸盐、马来酸酐与乙烯或甲基乙烯基醚的共聚物、1,3,5-三羟基苯-2,4,6-三磺酸、3,3-二羧基-4-氧杂-1,6-己二酸酯、聚乙酸(诸如乙二胺四乙酸和次氮基三乙酸)及其盐、脂肪酸(诸如C12-C18单羧酸);(2)螯合剂,诸如选自氨基羧酸盐、氨基膦酸盐、多官能取代的芳族螯合剂、以及其中的混合物的铁和/或锰螯合剂;(3)粘土去除/抗再沉积剂,诸如水溶性乙氧基化胺(特别是乙氧基化四乙烯-五胺);(4)聚合物分散剂,诸如聚合的聚羧酸酯和聚乙二醇、基于丙烯酸/马来酸的共聚物及其水溶性盐、羟丙基丙烯酸酯、马来酸/丙烯酸/乙烯醇三元共聚物、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚天冬氨酸盐和聚谷氨酸盐;(5)荧光增白剂,其包括但不限于二苯乙烯的衍生物、吡唑啉、香豆素、羧酸、次甲基花青、二苯并噻吩-5,5-二氧化物、唑类、5-和6-元环杂环等;(6)抑泡剂,诸如单羧酸脂肪酸及其可溶性盐、高分子量烃(例如石蜡、卤代石蜡、脂肪酸酯、一价醇的脂肪酸酯、脂族C18-C40酮等)、N-烷基化氨基三嗪、环氧丙烷、单硬脂基磷酸酯、有机硅或其衍生物、仲醇(例如2-烷基烷醇)以及此类醇与硅油的混合物;(7)促泡剂,诸如C10-C16烷醇酰胺、C10-C14单乙醇和二乙醇酰胺、高度起泡的表面活性剂(例如,氧化胺、甜菜碱和磺基甜菜碱)和可溶性镁盐(例如MgCl2、MgSO4等);(8)织物柔软剂,诸如蒙脱石粘土、胺类柔软剂和阳离子柔软剂;(9)颜料转移抑制剂,诸如聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮聚合物、聚胺N-氧化物聚合物、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮和N-乙烯基咪唑的共聚物、酞菁锰、过氧化物酶、以及它们的混合物;(10)酶,诸如蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶和过氧化物酶、以及它们的混合物;(11)酶稳定剂,其包括钙离子和镁离子的水溶性源、硼酸或硼酸盐(诸如氧化硼、硼砂和其它碱金属硼酸盐);(12)漂白剂,诸如过碳酸盐(例如,碳酸钠过氧水合物、焦磷酸钠过氧水合物、脲过氧水合物、和过氧化钠)、过硫酸盐、过硼酸盐、单过氧邻苯二甲酸镁六水合物、间氯过苯甲酸的镁盐、4-壬基氨基-4-氧代过氧丁酸和二过氧十二双酸、6-壬基氨基-6-氧代过氧己酸、和光活化漂白剂(例如磺化锌和/或铝酞菁);(13)漂白活化剂,诸如壬酰羟苯磺酸盐(NOBS)、四乙酰基乙二胺(TAED)、酰胺衍生的漂白活化剂包括(6-辛酰胺基己酰基)氧基苯磺酸盐、(6-壬酰胺基己酰基)氧基苯磺酸盐、(6-癸酰胺基己酰基)氧基苯磺酸盐、以及它们的混合物、苯并噁嗪类活化剂、酰基内酰胺活化剂(尤其是酰基己内酰胺和酰基戊内酰胺);以及(14)任何其它已知的洗涤剂辅助成分,包括但不限于载体、水溶助长剂、加工助剂、染料或颜料和固体填料
成膜剂
除了所述的一种或多种表面活性剂和上文所述的辅助洗涤剂成分之外,本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片还含有至少一种成膜剂。此类至少一种成膜剂可选自合成的或天然来源的水溶性聚合物,并且可经化学和/或物理改性。
用于本发明实践的水溶性聚合物的合适示例包括聚亚烷基二醇(也被称为聚亚烷基氧或聚氧化烯)、聚乙烯醇、多糖(诸如淀粉或改性淀粉、纤维素或改性纤维素、普鲁兰、黄原胶、瓜耳胶和角叉菜胶)、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、以及它们的蛋白质/多肽或水解产物(诸如胶原和明胶)。优选地,将用于本发明中的成膜剂选自聚亚烷基二醇、聚乙烯醇、淀粉或改性淀粉、纤维素或改性纤维素、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、以及它们的组合。在本发明的一个尤其优选的实施方案中,非纤维衣物洗涤剂片含有聚乙二醇(PEG)或聚乙烯醇(PVA),可单独使用(即,无其它成膜剂)或者与聚淀粉、改性淀粉、纤维素、或改性纤维素组合使用。
在PEG的实施中,PEG可选自聚(乙二醇)均聚物和聚(乙二醇)共聚物,其具有介于约2,000g/mol和约100,000g/mol之间,优选地介于约4,000g/mol和约90,000g/mol之间,并且更优选地介于约6,000g/mol和约8,000g/mol之间的重均分子量。合适的聚(乙二醇)共聚物优选地含有至少约50重量%的PEG,并且可选自聚(丙交酯-嵌段-乙二醇)、聚(乙交酯-嵌段-乙二醇)、聚(丙交酯-共-己内酯)-嵌段-聚(乙二醇)、聚(乙二醇-共-乳酸)、聚(乙二醇-共-乙醇酸)、聚(乙二醇-共-聚(乳酸-共-乙醇酸)、聚(乙二醇-共-丙二醇)、聚(环氧乙烷-嵌段-环氧丙烷-嵌段-环氧乙烷)、聚(环氧丙烷-嵌段-乙二醇-嵌段-丙二醇)和聚(乙二醇-共-己内酯)。示例性聚(乙二醇)均聚物可从Sigma Aldrich商购获得,或以商品名CARBOWAXTM从Dow商购获得,或以商品名从BASF商购获得。示例性聚(乙二醇)共聚物可以商品名F127、F108、F68和P105从BASF商购获得。用于本发明实践的尤其优选的PEG为具有介于约6,000g/mol和约80,000g/mol之间的重均分子量的聚(乙二醇)均聚物。
在PVA的实施中,PVA可为未改性的或改性的,例如羧化的或磺化的。优选地,PVA为部分或完全醇化或水解的。例如,它可为40%至100%,优选地70%至92%,更优选地88%至92%醇化或水解的。已知水解度影响PVA开始溶解在水中的温度,例如,88%水解对应于可溶于冷(即室温)水中的PVA膜,而92%水解对应于可溶于温水中的PVA膜。优选的PVA的示例为乙氧基化的(ethyoxylated)PVA。PVA的一个更优选的示例可以商品名从Sekisui Specialty Chemicals America,LLC(Dallas,Texas)商购获得。PVA的另一个更优选的示例为所谓的G聚合物,可从Nippon Ghosei商购获得。
成膜剂可以按片的总重量计约1%至约70%,优选地约2%至约60%,更优选地约5%至约50%,并且最优选地约10%至约40%存在于本发明的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片中。
除了成膜剂之外,非纤维衣物洗涤剂片还可包含合适的添加剂,诸如增塑剂和固体,以用于修改成膜剂的特性。合适的增塑剂为例如季戊四醇,诸如二季戊四醇、山梨醇、甘露糖醇、丙三醇和二醇类,诸如甘油或乙二醇。增塑剂通常以至多35重量%,例如5重量%至35重量%,优选地7重量%至20重量%,更优选地10重量%至15重量%的量使用。也可使用诸如滑石、硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、二氧化硅、硬脂酸锌或胶态二氧化硅的固体,其量通常在约0.5重量%至5重量%的范围内。
洗涤剂片的pH为约中性至碱性,优选地具有7至9,更优选地7.5至9的pH。
本文所公开的量纲和值不应理解为严格限于所引用的精确数值。相反,除非另外指明,否则每个此类量纲旨在表示所述值以及围绕该值功能上等同的范围。例如,公开为“40mm”的量纲旨在表示“约40mm”。
除非明确排除或以其它方式限制,本文中引用的每一篇文献,包括任何交叉引用或相关专利或专利申请以及本申请对其要求优先权或其有益效果的任何专利申请或专利,均据此全文以引用方式并入本文。对任何文献的引用不是对其作为与本发明的任何所公开或本文受权利要求书保护的现有技术的认可,或不是对其自身或与任何一个或多个参考文献的组合提出、建议或公开任何此类发明的认可。另外,当本发明中术语的任何含义或定义与以引用方式并入的文献中相同术语的任何含义或定义矛盾时,应当服从在本发明中赋予该术语的含义或定义。
虽然已举例说明和描述了本发明的具体实施方案,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的实质和范围的情况下可作出多个其它变化和修改。因此,本文旨在于所附权利要求中涵盖属于本发明范围内的所有此类变化和修改。
Claims (15)
1.一种非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含:
(a)至少一种表面活性剂;
(b)至少一种成膜剂;以及
(c)易碎微胶囊;
其中所述衣物洗涤剂片为完全或基本上水溶性的,其中所述衣物洗涤剂片具有在0.1mm至10mm范围内的厚度、至少5:1的长度与厚度纵横比、以及至少5:1的宽度与厚度纵横比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,其中所述易碎微胶囊为易碎香料微胶囊;优选地其中所述香料微胶囊的壳壁包含包含选自以下的材料:聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、聚异戊二烯、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚丙烯酸酯、氨基塑料、或它们的组合;更优选地其中所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含按所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的重量计0.1%至10%,优选地0.5%至7%,或者1%至6%的所述易碎微胶囊。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,其中所述易碎微胶囊的壳由水溶性阳离子聚合物涂覆,优选地其中所述水溶性阳离子聚合物选自多糖、阳离子改性淀粉和阳离子改性瓜尔胶、聚硅氧烷、二甲基二烯丙基铵多卤化物、二甲基二烯丙基铵多氯化物和乙烯基吡咯烷酮的共聚物、丙烯酰胺、咪唑、咪唑啉鎓卤化物和咪唑鎓卤化物、以及聚乙烯胺及其与N-乙烯基甲酰胺的共聚物。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,其中所述至少一种表面活性剂以在按这样的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计5%至90%,优选地20%至90%,更优选地30%至90%,并且最优选地50%至90%范围内的量存在。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂,所述一种或多种阴离子表面活性剂选自C6-C20直链烷基苯磺酸盐(LAS)、C6-C20直链或支链的烷基硫酸盐(AS)、具有在0.1至10范围内的重均烷氧基化度的C6-C20直链或支链的烷基烷氧基硫酸盐(AAS)、以及它们的组合。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含:(1)作为一种或多种主要表面活性剂的一种或多种C6-C18直链或支链AS表面活性剂;以及(2)作为一种或多种辅助表面活性剂的一种或多种C6-C20LAS和/或C6-C20直链或支链AAS,其中所述一种或多种主要表面活性剂以按所述片中所有表面活性剂的总重量计大于50%的量存在,并且其中所述一种或多种C6-C18直链或支链AS表面活性剂优选地为C12-C14直链或支链AS表面活性剂。
7.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片包含:(1)作为所述一种或多种主要表面活性剂的一种或多种C6-C20LAS表面活性剂;以及(2)作为一种或多种辅助表面活性剂的一种或多种C6-C18直链或支链AS和/或C6-C20直链或支链AAS,其中所述一种或多种主要表面活性剂以按所述片中所有表面活性剂的总重量计大于50%的量存在。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,所述非纤维衣物洗涤剂片还包含在按这样的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计1%至40%,优选地2%至30%,更优选地5%至25%,并且最优选地10%至20%范围内的量的一种多种非离子表面活性剂,其中所述一种或多种非离子表面活性剂优选地选自烷基烷氧基化醇以及它们的组合。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片,其中所述至少一种成膜剂以在按这样的非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的总重量计1%至70%,优选地2%至60%,更优选地5%至50%,并且最优选地10%至40%范围内的量存在;其中所述至少一种成膜剂包含一种或多种水溶性聚合物;其中优选地所述一种或多种水溶性聚合物选自聚亚烷基二醇、聚乙烯醇、淀粉或改性淀粉、纤维素或改性纤维素、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、以及它们的组合;其中更优选地所述一种或多种水溶性聚合物选自聚乙二醇、聚乙烯醇、淀粉或改性淀粉、纤维素或改性纤维素、以及它们的组合。
10.一种制备非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的方法,所述方法包括将微胶囊分配到前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的步骤,其中所述前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片具有:(a)至少一种表面活性剂;(b)至少一种成膜剂;以及(c)在0.1mm至10mm范围内的厚度。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述微胶囊作为微胶囊浆液分配,优选地其中所述微胶囊为易碎微胶囊,更优选地其中所述易碎微胶囊为易碎香料微胶囊,还更优选地其中所述香料微胶囊的壳壁包含包含选自以下的材料:聚乙烯、聚酰胺、聚苯乙烯、聚异戊二烯、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚丙烯酸酯、氨基塑料、或它们的组合。
12.根据11所述的方法,其中所述微胶囊浆液包含:
(a)按所述微胶囊浆液的重量计小于75%的水,优选地5%至50%的水,或者20%至75%的水;以及
(b)结构剂,优选地所述结构剂选自盐、聚合物、或它们的组合。
13.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述微胶囊浆液在所述微胶囊浆液分配到其的前体衣物洗涤剂片的温度的至少约±30℃,优选地±20℃,优选地±10℃内加热;
优选地所述微胶囊浆液在分配到所述前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片时处于50℃至100℃,优选地55℃至99℃,更优选地60℃至98℃的温度。
14.根据权利要求10或11所述的方法,其中所述微胶囊以粉末或干燥形式分配;
优选地其中所述粉末或干燥形式含有按所述粉末或干燥形式的重量计0%至5%,优选地0%至3%,更优选地1%至1%的水。
15.根据权利要求10至14中任一项所述的方法,所述方法还包括在将所述微胶囊分配到所述前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片的所述步骤之前对所述前体非纤维衣物洗涤剂片进行压印或压花的步骤。
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- 2017-02-06 WO PCT/CN2017/072927 patent/WO2018141096A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-02-06 CA CA3050343A patent/CA3050343A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-02-06 JP JP2019542171A patent/JP6882496B2/ja active Active
- 2017-02-06 EP EP17895413.7A patent/EP3577205A4/en active Pending
- 2017-02-06 KR KR1020197022392A patent/KR102360241B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-02-06 BR BR112019015854A patent/BR112019015854A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-02-06 RU RU2019127975A patent/RU2742886C1/ru active
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2018
- 2018-02-05 US US15/888,115 patent/US20180223225A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2020
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US20230272312A1 (en) | 2023-08-31 |
KR102360241B1 (ko) | 2022-02-10 |
RU2742886C1 (ru) | 2021-02-11 |
US11680232B2 (en) | 2023-06-20 |
JP2020506992A (ja) | 2020-03-05 |
MX2019009276A (es) | 2019-09-19 |
CA3050343A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
WO2018141096A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
JP6882496B2 (ja) | 2021-06-02 |
US20210040420A1 (en) | 2021-02-11 |
KR20190100965A (ko) | 2019-08-29 |
BR112019015854A2 (pt) | 2020-04-07 |
EP3577205A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
EP3577205A4 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
US20180223225A1 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
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