CN110178681A - A kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis Download PDFInfo
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- CN110178681A CN110178681A CN201910568880.5A CN201910568880A CN110178681A CN 110178681 A CN110178681 A CN 110178681A CN 201910568880 A CN201910568880 A CN 201910568880A CN 110178681 A CN110178681 A CN 110178681A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, belong to angle violet technical field of cultivation, the present invention guarantees emergence rate and cotyledon integrity degree by Cultivate administration appropriate, seeding and seedling raising stage, the hardening stage can guarantee the robust growth of angle violet seedling, and avoid excessive growth；After the violet Seeding planting of angle, its branch amount, plant uniformity, uniformity of blooming, flower number etc. can be effectively improved, provides reference frame for angle violet large-scale production cultivation and landscape etc..
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to angle violet technical field of cultivation, specifically, are related to a kind of plantation side conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis
Method.
Background technique
Angle violet (Viola cornuta L.), Violaceae Viola dicotyledon are biennial gardens herbage flower, product
Kind is various, pattern is abundant, and flowering duration is up to 5 months, and plant type is short compact, is potted flower and good gardens flower border, morning
Spring flower altar material of main part.
It focuses mostly on both at home and abroad about the research of angle violet in breed breeding and seeding technique field, in nursery and cultivation at present
Research report is less in terms of maintenance technology.In recent years, the angle violet kind and growth condition quantity newly introduced increase year by year, in market
It is found in investigation and long-term gardens Plant technique practice, there are following two mainly to ask during growth condition for angle violet at present
Topic: first is that seedling easily occurs growing the Quality of Seedlings problems such as weak, branch amount is few, plant height is higher in the violet seedling raising process of angle；Two
It is Plant technique after the field planting of angle violet and blooms in application process, angle violet plant is there are excessive growth, the florescence is short and pattern is light etc. answers
With the serious problems of value decline.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, the present invention provides a kind of plantation sides conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis
Method provides reference frame for angle violet large-scale production cultivation and landscape etc..
To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, specifically includes the following steps:
1) insemination and emergence stage management: keeping matrix is wet to cross 90% before emergence, seedling raising environment temperature is controlled at 18~23 DEG C,
Nursery place light transmittance 5%.
2) Seedling Stage cultivation management:
A. water and fertilizer management: the angle violet seedling of 1 to 5 true leaf pours urea (total nitrogen (N) >=46.4%) plus N P and K ternary (17-
17-17, total nutrient >=51% separately contain microelement) compound fertilizer, fertilising concentration is according to 400~1000mg/L from low concentration to height
The transition of concentration adjusts fertilizer EC value between 0.5~1.2, pH value 5.5~6.5；Watering will match with fertilising in seedling stage overall process
It closes and carries out, it is primary to pour clear water after 3 fertilisings, buffers excess salt.
B. illumination management: 2 leaf periods begin to adjust light transmittances to 20~100%NS (natural sunshine), at this
It meets in the process and wants appropriate light filling rainy days；
3) field planting and the management of middle and later periods Plant technique: the angle violet seedling of 5~6 true leaves will be colonized in time, this day after field planting
Light transmittance 20-100%NS light environment is controlled, starts to pour N P and K ternary (containing microelement) compound fertilizer at this time, according to 1000
Transition of~the 1500gm/L from low concentration to high concentration adjusts fertilizer EC value between 1.2~1.5, pH value 5.5~6.5.It is planting
Weeding in time, adjustment basin spacing and ventilation in strain growth course, the harm of angle violet autumn and winter disease pest is less, and during which attention control is a small amount of
Aphid.
4) florescence Plant technique management: full-bloom stage liquid manure demand is big, to supply in time；Full-bloom stage adjust light transmittance to
20~100%NS.
Preferably, seedling medium includes turfy soil and perlite, and 7:1 is mixed the two by volume in step 1).
Preferably, improving nursery place light transmittance to 20% to 1 leaf period after seed tidy seedlings output in step 1).
Preferably, 1 to 2 leaf period is whitened slightly using matrix to be indicated as watering, after 3 leaf periods in step 2)
Accomplish not do and not pour as watering mark to see that matrix is dry, it is dry then irrigate.
Preferably, step 2) and 3) in, N P and K ternary compound fertilizer separately contains microelement.
Preferably, in step 4), potting angle violet enters flowering stage after field planting 25 days, it is desirable that fragmentary 1~2 flower and
Apparent bud is extractd, and nutrient loss is avoided, and increases Phosphorus fertilizer usage in fertilizer.
Preferably, in step 4), field planting plant hat width reaches 14Cm while potting when quantity of blooming reaches 8~11
Angle violet enters full-bloom stage.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, and the main technologic parameters reached are such as
Under:
1) the seeding and seedling raising stage: angle violet F1 generation seeding ratio >=95%；Cotyledon and true leaf percentage of head rice >=90%
2) the hardening stage: field planting seedling height: 4.17≤h≤6.29cm；Branch amount: 2~3；Complete stool dry matter weight: 0.08
~0.13g；Chlorophyll relative content (%) reaches 37.85；
3) Plant technique and flowering phase: 7.30cm≤plant height≤13.14cm；Hat width >=14cm；Branch amount reaches 5~7；
90~150d of single batch full-bloom stage (late Febuary~mid-July)；Full-bloom stage list basin is bloomed number >=8 piece.
For the present invention by Cultivate administration appropriate, the hardening stage can guarantee the robust growth of angle violet seedling, and avoid excessive growth；Angle
After violet Seeding planting, its branch amount, plant uniformity, uniformity of blooming, flower number etc. can be effectively improved, is angle violet scale metaplasia
It produces cultivation and landscape etc. and reference frame is provided.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that angle violet seedling grows 2 true leaves；
Fig. 2 is outer four kinds of angle violet seedling room different light transmission processing hardening results；
Fig. 3 is the impact effect of the different diagonal violet growth of seedling of Shading treatment；
Fig. 4 is that drying part seedling carries out dry matter weighing figure；
Fig. 5 is the potting angle violet that field planting enters the middle and later periods Plant technique stage；
Fig. 6 is the effect of the different diagonal violet potting full blossoms of Shading treatment.
Specific embodiment
It, below will be to preferred reality of the invention in order to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects clearer
It applies example to be described in detail, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.
Embodiment 1
For the present embodiment using the serial seedling of angle violet F1 generation " bright spot " as vegetable material, implementing ground is Kunming University's agronomy and life
Scientific institute practices garden open country nursery and field vinyl house.
A kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, specifically includes the following steps:
1) insemination and emergence stage management: using turfy soil and perlite, 7:1 is mixed well seedling medium by volume, is packed into
The sowing of 166 hole plastics cave dishes.4 days or so the seed seed base-root implantations after sowing, seed cotyledons go out after sowing 7~10 days
Soil.Originally keep matrix is wet to cross 90%, the control of seedling raising environment temperature is at 18~23 DEG C, nursery place light transmittance 5%.When radicle
Bed after pay attention to control water, also note that can not water shortage, uniformly squirted using power spraye.It is mentioned after seed tidy seedlings output to 1 leaf period
High nursery place light transmittance is to 20%.Plant grows 2 true leaves, plant height about 1.5cm after 14 days after tidy seedlings output.
2) Seedling Stage cultivation management:
A. water and fertilizer management: the angle violet seedling of 1 to 5 true leaf pours urea (total nitrogen (N) >=46.4%) plus N P and K ternary (17-
17-17, total nutrient >=51% separately contain microelement) compound fertilizer, fertilising concentration is according to 400~1000mg/L from low concentration to height
The transition of concentration adjusts fertilizer EC value between 0.5~1.2, pH value 5.5~6.5.Watering will match with fertilising in seedling stage overall process
It closes and carries out, it is primary to pour clear water after 3 fertilisings, buffers excess salt.1 to 2 leaf period is whitened using matrix slightly as pouring water gauge
Will is accomplished not do and not poured after 3 leaf period to see that matrix is dry as watering mark, dry then irrigate.
B. illumination management: 2 true leaf seedlings will be grown within 20 days after sprouting, one layer of 2 needle or 3 needle black sunshade nets is selected to adjust
Light transmittance is to 20%NS；Rainy days will raise sunshade net light filling in this process, be colonized by 30 days or so to by plant plant
To the small basin of 12X12Cm plastics.
C. other are managed: greenhouse pays attention to divulging information daytime, and night closes side window and skylight, avoids canopy temperature rapid drawdown.With seedling
Growth, root system president's placing basion hole, padded hole tray in time, allow root system free growth, while morning 8~9 emphasis inspection
Hole tray bottom snail and slug harm are prevented and treated, fine day morning plant leaf is spraying primary.
3) Plant technique place, 5~6 true leaves (seedling age 42~45 days) field planting and middle and later periods management: are arranged in hut
Violet seedling will be colonized in time at angle, and 1:2:0.2 is sufficiently mixed by volume using turfy soil, deep layer red soil and perlite for field planting matrix
It is packed into the small basin of 12X12Cm plastics after even.Within the next few days light transmittance is adjusted after field planting to 20%NS light environment, starts to pour nitrogen phosphorus at this time
Potassium ternary (containing microelement) compound fertilizer, the transition by 1000mg/L to 1500gm/L from low concentration to high concentration adjust fertilizer
EC value is between 1.2~1.5, pH value 5.5~6.5.Timely weeding, adjustment basin spacing and ventilation, angle during plant strain growth
The harm of violet autumn and winter disease pest is less, during which a small amount of aphid of attention control.
4) bloom period management: potting angle violet enters flowering stage after field planting 25 days, it is desirable that 1~2 fragmentary flower and obviously
Bud extract, avoid nutrient loss, increase Phosphorus fertilizer usage in fertilizer.Plant hat width reaches 14Cm, simultaneously after field planting 45 days
Potting angle violet enters full-bloom stage when quantity of blooming reaches 8~9, and liquid manure demand is big at this time, to supply in time, while avoiding basin
The long-term ponding in bottom causes plant strain growth bad.Full-bloom stage vinyl house iuuminting rate is 20%NS.
The growth of embodiment 1 and situation analysis of blooming:
1) the seeding and seedling raising stage: angle violet F1 generation seeding ratio >=95%；Cotyledon and true leaf percentage of head rice >=90%
2) the hardening stage: field planting Seedling Height 6.29cm；Stem thickness 0.17cm；Plant height and stem thickness value in embodiment 1-3 most
Greatly and it is significantly higher than embodiment 3.Seedling branch amount: 2~3；Complete stool dry matter weight: 0.08g；Chlorophyll relative content (%) reaches
29.48；Plant strain growth is healthy and strong, is not easy to lodge.Comprehensively consider seedling growth quality condition, 1 seedling of embodiment substantially conforms to be colonized
Standard.
3) Plant technique and flowering phase: plant height 13.14cm；Hat width 14cm；Branch amount reaches 5~6；Complete stool dry matter
Weight: 2.21g；Single batch full-bloom stage 90d (late Febuary~late May)；Full-bloom stage list basin is bloomed a number 8~9；It blooms neat
Spend excellent, plant lodging resistance is stronger.Comprehensively consider seedling growth flowering quality situation, 1 potting angle violet of embodiment substantially conforms to
Marketing application standard, and a kind of the higher using plant type of 3 potting angle violet of comparative examples is provided.
Embodiment 2
For the present embodiment using the serial seedling of angle violet F1 generation " bright spot " as vegetable material, implementing ground is Kunming University's agronomy and life
Scientific institute practices garden open country nursery and field vinyl house.
A kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, specifically includes the following steps: in (step 1), step 2) a, c with
Embodiment 1 is identical)
1) insemination and emergence stage management
2) Seedling Stage cultivation management
A. water and fertilizer management
B. illumination management: 2 true leaf seedlings will be grown within 20 days after sprouting, one layer of 2 needle or 3 needle black sunshade nets is selected to adjust
Light transmittance is to 20%NS；Rainy days will raise sunshade net light filling in this process, be colonized by 30 days or so to by plant plant
To the small basin of 12X12Cm plastics.
C. other are managed
3) Plant technique place, 5~6 true leaves (seedling age 42~45 days) field planting and middle and later periods management: are arranged in hut
Violet seedling will be colonized in time at angle, and 1:2:0.2 is sufficiently mixed by volume using turfy soil, deep layer red soil and perlite for field planting matrix
It is packed into the small basin of 12X12Cm plastics after even.Within the next few days light transmittance is adjusted after field planting to 40%NS light environment, starts to pour nitrogen phosphorus at this time
Potassium ternary (containing microelement) compound fertilizer, the transition by 1000mg/L to 1500gm/L from low concentration to high concentration adjust fertilizer
EC value is between 1.2~1.5, pH value 5.5~6.5.Timely weeding, adjustment basin spacing and ventilation, angle during plant strain growth
The harm of violet autumn and winter disease pest is less, during which a small amount of aphid of attention control.
4) bloom period management: potting angle violet enters flowering stage after field planting 25 days, it is desirable that 1~2 fragmentary flower and obviously
Bud extract, avoid nutrient loss, increase Phosphorus fertilizer usage in fertilizer.Plant hat width reaches 14Cm, simultaneously after field planting 45 days
Potting angle violet enters full-bloom stage when quantity of blooming reaches 10~11, and liquid manure demand is big at this time, to supply, avoid in time simultaneously
The long-term ponding in basin bottom causes plant strain growth bad.Full-bloom stage vinyl house iuuminting rate is 40%NS.
The growth of embodiment 2 and situation analysis of blooming:
1) the seeding and seedling raising stage: angle violet F1 generation seeding ratio >=95%；Cotyledon and true leaf percentage of head rice >=90%
2) the hardening stage: field planting seedling height: 5.65cm；Branch amount: 2~3；Complete stool dry matter weight: 0.11g；Chlorophyll
Relative amount (%) reaches 33.39；Comprehensively consider seedling growth quality condition, 2 seedling of embodiment substantially conforms to field planting standard.
3) Plant technique and flowering phase: plant height 13.06cm；Hat width 14cm；Branch amount reaches 4~5；Complete stool dry matter
Weight: 5.15g；Single batch full-bloom stage 150d (late Febuary~mid-July；Full-bloom stage list basin is bloomed a number 10~11；It blooms whole
Qi Du is excellent, and plant lodging resistance is strong.Comprehensively consider seedling growth flowering quality situation, 2 potting angle violet of embodiment substantially conforms to
Marketing application standard, and a kind of the higher using plant type of 3 potting angle violet of comparative examples is provided.
Embodiment 3
For the present embodiment using the serial seedling of angle violet F1 generation " bright spot " as vegetable material, implementing ground is Kunming University's agronomy and life
Scientific institute practices garden open country nursery and field vinyl house.
A kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, specifically includes the following steps: in (step 1), step 2) a, c with
Embodiment 1 is identical)
1) insemination and emergence stage management
2) Seedling Stage cultivation management
A. water and fertilizer management
B. illumination management: 2 true leaf seedlings were grown by 20 days after sprouting and adjust light transmittances to 20%NS；It is negative in this process
Rainy day will raise sunshade net light filling, be colonized to by plant plant to the small basin of 12X12Cm plastics by 30 days or so.
C. other are managed
3) Plant technique place, 5~6 true leaves (seedling age 42~45 days) field planting and middle and later periods management: are arranged in hut
Violet seedling will be colonized in time at angle, and 1:2:0.2 is sufficiently mixed by volume using turfy soil, deep layer red soil and perlite for field planting matrix
It is packed into the small basin of 12X12Cm plastics after even.Within the next few days light transmittance is adjusted after field planting to 100%NS light environment, starts to pour nitrogen at this time
Phosphorus potassium ternary (containing microelement) compound fertilizer, the transition by 1000mg/L to 1500gm/L from low concentration to high concentration adjust fertilizer
Expect EC value between 1.2~1.5, pH value 5.5~6.5.Timely weeding, adjustment basin spacing and ventilation during plant strain growth,
The harm of angle violet autumn and winter disease pest is less, during which a small amount of aphid of attention control.
4) bloom period management: potting angle violet enters flowering stage after field planting 25 days, it is desirable that 1~2 fragmentary flower and obviously
Bud extract, avoid nutrient loss, increase Phosphorus fertilizer usage in fertilizer.Plant hat width reaches 14Cm, simultaneously after field planting 45 days
Potting angle violet enters full-bloom stage when quantity of blooming reaches 9~10, and liquid manure demand is big at this time, to supply, avoid in time simultaneously
The long-term ponding in basin bottom causes plant strain growth bad.Full-bloom stage vinyl house iuuminting rate is 100%NS.
The growth of embodiment 3 and situation analysis of blooming:
1) the seeding and seedling raising stage: angle violet F1 generation seeding ratio >=95%；Cotyledon and true leaf percentage of head rice >=90%
2) the hardening stage: field planting seedling height: 4.17cm；Branch amount: 2~3；Complete stool dry matter weight: 0.13g；Chlorophyll
Relative amount (%) reaches 37.85；3 jiaos of violet seedling hardening effects of embodiment are better than Examples 1 and 2, strong sprout at 100%NS
Index, chlorophyll content and dry matter weight are significantly higher than other two embodiments.3 number of blade of embodiment reaches 22.77 pieces, three
Most in a embodiment, plant height value is minimum in three embodiments.Comprehensively consider seedling growth quality condition, embodiment 3
Seedling meets field planting standard.
3) Plant technique and flowering phase: plant height 7.30cm；Hat width 14cm；Branch amount reaches 6~7；Complete stool dry matter weight:
4.18g；Single batch full-bloom stage 110d (late Febuary~mid-June)；Full-bloom stage list basin is bloomed a number 9~10；It blooms uniformity
Excellent, plant lodging resistance is most strong.Comprehensively consider seedling growth flowering quality situation, 3 potting angle violet of embodiment, which meets market, to be pushed away
Standard is extensively applied, and a kind of more short strong application plant type of the potting of comparative examples 1 and 2 angle violet is provided.
Experimental analysis
1 materials and methods
1.1 experimental field overviews
Garden vinyl house and open country nursery experimental field are practiced for Kunming University's agronomy and Life Science College, Kunming is located at
102 ° 10 ' to 103 ° 40 ' of east longitude, 24 ° 23 ' to 26 ° 23 ' of north latitude, belong to north latitude low latitudes subtropical zone-plateau mountainous region monsoon climate,
15 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, 7.5 DEG C of monthly mean temperature when most cold, 12~13 degrees Celsius of annual range of temperature.Average annual sunshine 2200 hours or so,
Frost-free period 240 days or more, annual precipitation 1035mm.Has the characteristics that typical temperate climate.Outdoor temperature between this experiment opening duration of an exhibition
9 DEG C~21 DEG C of range, intensity of illumination range is 4890Lux~135100Lux；Temperature of shed range is 13 DEG C~37 DEG C, illumination
Strength range is 160Lux~44800Lux.
1.2 test material
With angle violet F1Generation " bright spot " serial seedling, planting stock and finished product seedling are vegetable material.Instrument and equipment: ST series illumination
Meter, TYS-A hold chlorophyll meter, dryer, small hand-held sprayer, power spraye, vernier caliper, ruler, electronic test
With title, pallet etc..Other materials: black sunshade net, urea (total nitrogen (N) >=46.4%), compound fertilizer (17-17-17, total nutrient
>=51%) etc.
1.3 test method
The angle violet seedling of selection, planting stock are randomly divided into four groups, give full exposure (100%NS (natural respectively
Sunshine) light transmittance), one layer of 2 needle black sunshade net (40%NS (natural sunshine) light transmittance), one layer of 3 needle it is black
Color sunshade net (20%NS (natural sunshine) light transmittance), two layers of 2 needle black sunshade net (5%NS (natural
Sunshine) light transmittance) using each Shading treatment light transmittance of ST series illumination photometer measurement.Hardening experimental stage: in outdoor open country
Tetra- kinds of 100%NS (full exposure), 40%NS, 5%NS, 20%NS different environmental treatments are set, after sprouting 20 days to 2 true leaves
Angle violet seedling be individually placed to carry out hardening test under four kinds of environment, each processing repeats three times, totally 640 plants of seedling.Field planting cultivation
Experimental stage: test site, tetra- kinds of respectively 100%NS (full exposure), 40%NS, 20%NS, 5%NS light are arranged in hut
According to processing environment, the strong angle violet potting seedling of 108 basin consistency, four processing are arranged under each processing, each processing weighs three times
It answers, totally 432 basin plant.The interval 0.2m of each processing to avoid edge effect and repeats to shade, and test is right after carrying out 25 days
Angle violet Growth of seedling and biomass carry out data survey, and the index that 45 day after tomorrow of field planting planting stock grown and bloomed carries out data tune
It looks into[4].The daily managements mission such as liquid manure are carried out during the test, pay attention to 5 days seedlings nursing plates of adjustment or fixed planting pot position to protect
It demonstrate,proves a plant in each processing and obtains consistent shade, it is its supplement light that the cloudy day, which needs to remove sunshade net, during the whole test process
According to.
The measurement of 1.4 projects
This test is using angle violet tree seedling as material, in the hardening stage: the observation potting number of blade, hat width, stem thickness, is divided at plant height
The indexs such as branch number, dry matter weight, seedling vigorous index, chlorophyll relative content.In field planting growth and flowering phase: observation is in difference
In the case of, angle violet branch quantity, quantity of blooming, uniformity of blooming etc..With vernier caliper measurement and record root long, stem thickness, blade
Thickness；Length of blade, width, plant height, hat width are measured and recorded with ruler；Chlorophyll is measured with hand-held Chlorophyll meter
Relative amount, leaf area calculation formula are as follows: the maximum long * maximum width of blade * 0.742 of leaf[2]；Seedling vigorous index and its calculation formula are as follows: complete
Strain dry matter weight * stem thickness/plant height[3]。
The analysis of 1.5 data
Obtained data are averaged, draw corresponding chart with EXCEL2010.Data processing method is single factor test side
Difference analyse (one-way ANOVA) difference after, LSD Multiple range test respectively handle between difference (α=0.05, SPSS ver.15.0).
2 results and analysis
The influence of the 2.1 diagonal violet growth of seedling of different Shading treatments
2.1.1 the influence of the diagonal violet Growth of seedling of different Shading treatments is shaded to probe into angle violet seedling in four kinds of differences
The difference between the growth figureofmerits such as lower hat width, root length, chlorophyll content is handled, variance analysis has been carried out to it, has been used in combination
Duncan method carries out the Multiple range test between group.
The influence of the different long amounts of the diagonal violet seedling biology of Shading treatment of table 1
Note: different lowercases respectively indicate significant in 0.05 level difference between different Shading treatment average values.
As can be seen from Table 1, by the outdoor hardening Shading treatment of 30d, the number of blade 100%NS and 40% of angle violet seedling
Difference is not significant between NS, but there are significant differences: the number of blade: 100%NS > 40%NS > 20% with other two Shading treatments
Number of blade difference between NS > 5%NS, 100%NS and 5%NS are as follows: 15.45.Chlorophyll relative content is under different Shading treatments
There is significant difference 100%NS > 40%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS, difference between 100%NS and 20%NS are as follows: 26.75.Hat
Width, branch amount are that 40%NS Shading treatment is noticeably greater than other three processing (P < 0.05), and hat width is in 100%NS, 20%NS
Without significant difference between tri- Shading treatments of 5%NS: hat width 40%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS > 100%NS.Maximum leaf length, blade face
Product 40%NS and 20%NS between difference it is not significant, but with there are significant difference (P < 0.05) under other two Shading treatments: most
Great Ye long 40%NS > 20%NS > 100%NS > 5%NS, leaf area 20%NS > 40%NS > 100%NS > 5%NS.Maximum width of blade
In 20%NS and 100%NS and 5%NS processing, there are significant differences: maximum width of blade numerical value: 20%NS > 40%NS > 100%NS >
5%NS.Root length respectively 5%NS and it is other three processing between significant difference: root length 40%NS > 100%NS >
20%NS > 5%NS.
2.1.2 the influence of the diagonal violet Seedling Biomass of different Shading treatments
In order to probe into angle violet seedling under four kinds of different Shading treatments dry matter weight, stem thickness, plant height and seedling vigorous index it
Between difference, carried out variance analysis to it, and with Duncan method carry out group between Multiple range test.
The influence of the diagonal violet Seedling Biomass of the different Shading treatments of table 2
Note: different lowercases respectively indicate significant in 0.05 level difference between different Shading treatment average values.
As can be seen from Table 2, the dry matter weight under each Shading treatment under 100%NS processing, seedling vigorous index are significantly big
In other processing (P < 0.05), the two all exists significant difference (P < 0.05) under all Shading treatments: dry matter weight,
Seedling vigorous index is 100%NS > 20%NS > 40%NS > 5%NS；Stem thickness, the plant height of angle violet seedling are worth maximum at 20%NS,
The two is noticeably greater than (P < 0.05) under 5%NS processing under 20%NS processing, wherein under 100%NS and 20%NS processing
Stem thickness without significant difference (P > 0.05): stem thickness 20%NS > 40%NS > 100%NS=5%NS；Plant height is in 40%NS, 20%
Although the lower numerical value of NS two processing is variant, significant difference is not present, though plant height between 100%NS, 5%NS two processing
So have numerical value difference, but significant difference be not present, 40%NS, 20%NS two processing with 100%NS, 5%NS two at
There are significant differences for plant height between reason: 20%NS > 40%NS > 5%NS > 100%NS.
It can be concluded that, handled from the above analysis in 100%NS inferior horn violet seedling hardening effect better than other three, strong sprout
Index, chlorophyll content and dry matter weight are significantly higher than other three processing.Chlorophyll relative content: 100%NS > 40%NS
> 20%NS > 5%NS；Dry matter weight: the lower number of blade of 100%%NS > 40%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS, 100%ns processing exists
Most in four processing, plant height is minimum in four processing, and with the increase of enhanced shading degree, plant height presentation first increases to be subtracted afterwards
Few trend.Thin and delicate short and small in 5%NS inferior horn violet growth of seedling, dry matter weight is minimum.In 20%NS inferior horn violet Seedling Height
Value is higher than other three processing.
2.1.3 the influence of the diagonal violet planting stock growth of different Shading treatments
Refer to probe into the growths such as plant height, branch amount, stipes difference, stem thickness under four kinds of angle violet planting stock different Shading treatments
Difference between mark, has carried out variance analysis to it, and with Duncan method carry out group between Multiple range test.
The influence of the diagonal violet planting stock growth of the different Shading treatments of table 4
Note: different lowercases respectively indicate significant in 0.05 level difference between different Shading treatment average values.
In conjunction with table 4 as can be seen that the diagonal violet planting stock plant height of different Shading treatments, branch amount, stipes difference, stem thickness, plant
Strain uniformity produces influence.With the reinforcement of enhanced shading degree, plant height, the stipes difference of angle violet planting stock are in ever-increasing
Trend, wherein plant height is noticeably greater than other processing (P<0.05): plant height: 5%NS>20%NS>40%NS>100% at 5%NS
NS；Stipes difference difference between 100%NS and 5%NS is not significant, but it is significantly higher than other two processing: stipes difference:
5%NS > 100%NS > 20%NS > 40%NS.Stem thickness difference between 100%NS and 5%NS is not significant, but it is substantially less than it
Its two processing: stem thickness numerical value: 20%NS > 40%NS > 100%NS > 5%NS.Plant uniformity is aobvious under 5%NS Shading treatment
Lower than other three kinds processing are write, but difference is not significant between other three processing: plant uniformity 100%NS > 40%NS > 20%
NS > 5%NS.Have differences significant 100%NS > 40%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS under four kinds of Shading treatments of branch amount, 100%
Difference is 3.17 between NS and 5%NS.
It can be concluded that, being colonized, relief angle violet plant branch amount and plant uniformity at 100%NS are significant from the above analysis
It is handled better than other three, branch amount at most can achieve 7, and with the increase of enhanced shading degree, branch amount is gradually decreased.?
Plant height is substantially less than other three and handles under 100%NS, and lower than peak 9.09.Plant height is significantly higher than it under 5%NS processing
Its three processing, has occurred apparent excessive growth.
In order to probe into flower number, scape size, chlorophyll content, dry matter under four kinds of angle violet planting stock different Shading treatments
Weight etc. is bloomed the difference between index, has carried out variance analysis to it, and with Duncan method carry out group between Multiple range test.
The influence that the different diagonal violet planting stocks of Shading treatment of table 5 are bloomed
Note: different lowercases respectively indicate significant in 0.05 level difference between different Shading treatment average values.
Find out in conjunction with table 5, the numbers of blooming of the different diagonal violet planting stocks of enhanced shading degree, chlorophyll content, dry matter weight,
Stem thickness, uniformity of blooming produce influence.With the reinforcement of enhanced shading degree, angle violet planting stock chlorophyll content, dry matter weight
Amount, stem thickness are in ever-reduced trend；Chlorophyll content, stem thickness significant (p < 0.05) are greater than other processing: Ye Lv under 100%NS
Cellulose content, stem thickness 100%NS > 40%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS.It is low that (p < 0.05) is write in 5%NS processing inferior horn violet flower digital display
Handle in other three: 40%NS > 100%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS, 40%NS are 7.51 with difference under 5%NS；Scape size
Although there is difference, there was no significant difference: 100%NS > 40%NS=20%NS=5%NS；Dry matter weight is at four
There is significant difference under reason: 40%NS > 100%NS > 20%NS > 5%NS；It blooms uniformity significant difference at 5%NS
(p<0.05) lower than other three processing: 20%NS>40%NS>100%NS>5%NS, difference is at 20%NS and 5%NS
6.95。
It can be concluded that, number of blooming in the case where being colonized relief angle violet full-bloom stage plant 40%NS is better than other three from the above analysis
It handles, dry matter weight is significantly higher than other three processing, uniformity of blooming at 5%NS, flower number, chlorophyll under 40%NS
Relative amount is substantially less than other three processing.With the increasing of enhanced shading degree, chlorophyll relative content and stem thickness are presented gradually
The trend of reduction.
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, the hardening stage can guarantee the steady of angle violet seedling
Growth, and avoid excessive growth；After the violet Seeding planting of angle, its branch amount, plant uniformity, uniformity of blooming, flower can be effectively improved
Number etc. provides reference frame for angle violet large-scale production cultivation and landscape etc..
Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention rather than limits, although logical
It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis, it is characterised in that: specifically includes the following steps:
1) insemination and emergence stage management: keeping matrix is wet to cross 90% before emergence, and the control of seedling raising environment temperature is at 18 ~ 23 DEG C, nursery
Ground light transmittance 5%；
2) Seedling Stage cultivation management:
A. water and fertilizer management: the angle violet seedling of 1 to 5 true leaf pours urea and adds N P and K ternary compound fertilizer, fertilising concentration according to 400 ~
Transition of the 1000mg/L from low concentration to high concentration, adjusts fertilizer EC value 0.5 ~ 1.2, pH value 5.5 ~ 6.5；In seedling stage overall process
Watering and fertilising will cooperate progresss, and it is primary to pour clear water after 3 fertilisings, buffering excess salt；
B. illumination management: 2 leaf periods begin to adjust light transmittances to 20 ~ 100%NS (natural sunshine), in this process
It meets and wants appropriate light filling rainy days；
3) field planting and the management of middle and later periods Plant technique: the angle violet seedling of 5 ~ 6 true leaves will be colonized in time, and control is saturating within the next few days after field planting
Light rate 20-100%NS light environment, starts to pour N P and K ternary compound fertilizer at this time, according to 1000 ~ 1500gm/L from low concentration to
The transition of high concentration, adjusts fertilizer EC value 1.2 ~ 1.5, pH value 5.5 ~ 6.5；
4) florescence Plant technique management: full-bloom stage liquid manure demand is big, to supply in time；Full-bloom stage adjust light transmittance to 20 ~
100%NS。
2. a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1),
Nursery place light transmittance is improved to 20% to 1 leaf period after seed tidy seedlings output.
3. described in any item a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step
2) in, 1 to 2 leaf period is whitened slightly using matrix to be indicated as watering, to see that matrix is dry as pouring water gauge after 3 leaf periods
Will is accomplished not do and not poured, dry then irrigate.
4. a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis according to claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: step
It is rapid 2) and 3) in, N P and K ternary compound fertilizer separately contains microelement.
5. a kind of implantation methods conducive to angle violet Growth and anthesis according to claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: step
It is rapid 4) in, field planting plant hat width reaches 14Cm while potting angle violet enters full-bloom stage when quantity of blooming reaches 8 ~ 11.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN112056169A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-12-11 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for prolonging florescence of non-bulbous herbaceous flowers in plant factory |
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