CN110133715A - A kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms - Google Patents
A kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms, steps are as follows: S1: input speed model；S2: picking up and inputs practical first arrival time, and reads seismic data；S3: according to rate pattern in S1, all mesh points are calculated in area of feasible solution to the theoretical first arrival time table of each wave detector；S4: construction travel time residual function Tr；S5: construction addition of waveforms function Ews；S6: input weight factor beta, according to travel time residual function T in S4rWith waveform superpositing function E in S5ws, construct Further aim function；S7: Further aim functional minimum value, corresponding optimal solution, that is, hypocentral location are found by grid data service.The present invention is for the localization method based on objective function when walking to First Arrival Error sensitive issue, in conjunction with the first arrival time difference and the improved objective function of addition of waveforms information structuring, the anti-noise ability of localization method can be enhanced, the convergence of inversion method can be improved, so as to improve the precision of microseism seismic source location.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geophysical prospecting for oil development technique fields, and in particular to one kind is based on the first arrival time difference and waveform
The microseism seismic source location method of superposition.
Background technique
Hydraulic fracturing microseismic is to monitor the fine and close unconventional reservoirs such as oily and shale gas transformation and effect
Reservoir geophysics technology, using result can be evaluated fracturing effect, adjustment FRACTURING DESIGN and well pattern arrangement, and in next step
Exploitation provides effectively guidance, to improve the production capacity of untraditional reservoir.
In the processing of hydraulic fracturing monitoring materials, core is microseism seismic source location.Forefathers substantially utilize
Single information when walking or shape information establishes objective function, can be divided into based on ray tracing positioning when walking and based on wave
The offset orientation method of shape.And in practical hydraulic fracturing real-time monitoring operation, there may be noises for the microseism data of acquisition
The features such as and background noise weaker than not high, energy is larger, greatly affected the precision of first break pickup.Information mesh when being based on away
The localization method of scalar functions is more sensitive to First Arrival Error, and although the localization method based on shape information objective function does not need
Accurate first arrival time, but its calculation amount is huge, and cause location efficiency not high.For this purpose, information and wave when needing to combine away
Shape information establishes objective function, researches and develops a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortcomings of above-mentioned background technique, and provide a kind of folded based on the first arrival time difference and waveform
The microseism seismic source location method added, this method using in objective function microseism data when walking and shape information while constraining
Positioning, and there is certain anti-noise ability, the convergence of inversion method can be improved, to improve the precision of microseism seismic source location.
To achieve the above object, a kind of microseism seismic source location based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms provided by the invention
Method, for the positioning of any one microseism focus (event), comprising the following steps:
S1: input speed model；
S2: picking up and inputs practical first arrival time, and reads seismic data；
S3: according to rate pattern in step S1, all mesh points are calculated in area of feasible solution to the reason of each wave detector
By first arrival time table；
S4: based on the theoretical first arrival time table calculated in the practical first arrival time and step S3 inputted in step S2, foundation
Formula (1) and (2) construct travel time residual function Tr；
In above formula: M, N are the number of the shear wave observed and longitudinal wave first arrival respectively；WithIt is j-th of detection respectively
The shear wave and longitudinal wave first arrival time of device record,WithIt is the shear wave and longitudinal wave theory of corresponding j-th of wave detector respectively
Calculate the time；WithIt is the shear wave and longitudinal wave first arrival time that i-th of wave detector records respectively,WithIt is therewith respectively
The shear wave of corresponding i-th of wave detector and longitudinal wave theoretical calculation time；TshiftIt is one between observation and theoretical first arrival constant
Drift value, with solve the problems, such as real data monitoring in microseism focus origin time it is unknown；
S5: by the seismic data read in step S2, walk when objective function correspond in micro-seismic event m-th of wave detector note
The recognizable longitudinal wave first arrival time of recordIt combines, is corrected by polarity, then according to public with first arrival time table theoretical in step S3
Formula (3), (4) and (5) constructs addition of waveforms function Ews；
Δ in formulaP、ΔSIt is longitudinal and shear wave sliding window number of samples respectively；Dt is the sampling interval；N is wave detector number；Assume that respectively focal point to i-th of wave detector longitudinal and shear wave theoretical timeWith m-th wave detector
Longitudinal wave theoretical timeDifference,It is the symbol coefficient of i-th of wave detector wave-amplitude in length and breadth, u respectivelyiIt is earthquake number
According to the i-th channel amplitude value；
S6: input weight factor beta, according to travel time residual function T in step S4rWith waveform superpositing function E in step S5ws,
Further aim function is constructed according to formula (6)；
Q=Tr-βEws (6)
S7: Further aim functional minimum value is found by grid data service, exports corresponding optimal solution, i.e. focus at this time
Position.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S1, rate pattern can be provided by Sonic Logging Data and geological layering
Material establishes initial velocity model, then carries out velocity model corrections using perforation data.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S3, in area of feasible solution all mesh points, which refer to shooting point, is
The heart gives a domain, then carries out gridding to the region, each mesh point is possible focal point.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S5, polarity amendment can pass through symbol coefficientIt realizes, i.e.,
Judge wave detector record in when window in amplitude symbols, need sign to be consistent, herein guarantee waveform superposition in the same direction.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S6, weight coefficient β > 0, the signal-to-noise ratio feelings of size and microseism data
Condition is inversely proportional.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S7, in grid search positioning, it is assumed that mesh point is hypocentral location
When, TrFor minimum, EwsFor maximum (i.e.-β EwsFor minimum), therefore Further aim function Q is minimum value.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantage that
The present invention using in Further aim function microseism data when walking and shape information while constraining positioning, enhance
The anti-noise ability of localization method improves the convergence of inversion method, can improve the precision of microseism seismic source location.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is implementation process diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is observation system in the two-dimentional microseism well based on uniform dielectric model, horizontal, ordinate respectively indicate it is horizontal away from
From x and depth z；
Fig. 3 a is the z-component earthquake record of theoretical model；
Fig. 3 b is the z-component earthquake record of theoretical model after random noise is added；
Fig. 4 a is the positioning result figure based on objective function method when walking, and horizontal, ordinate respectively indicates horizontal distance x and depth
Spend z；
Fig. 4 b is the positioning result figure of the method for the present invention, and horizontal, ordinate respectively indicates horizontal distance x and depth z.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but their not structures
It is only for example at limitation of the invention.Simultaneously by illustrating that advantages of the present invention will become clearer and be easy reason
Solution.
A kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, packet
Include following steps:
S1: input speed model；
S2: picking up and inputs practical first arrival time, and reads seismic data；
S3: according to rate pattern in step S1, all mesh points are calculated in area of feasible solution to the reason of each wave detector
By first arrival time table；
S4: based on the theoretical first arrival time table calculated in the practical first arrival time and step S3 inputted in step S2, foundation
Formula (1) and (2) construct travel time residual function Tr；
In above formula: M, N are the number of the shear wave observed and longitudinal wave first arrival respectively；WithIt is j-th of wave detector respectively
The shear wave and longitudinal wave first arrival time of record,WithIt is the shear wave and longitudinal wave theory meter of corresponding j-th of wave detector respectively
Evaluation time；WithIt is the shear wave and longitudinal wave first arrival time that i-th of wave detector records respectively,WithIt is right therewith respectively
The shear wave for i-th of the wave detector answered and longitudinal wave theoretical calculation time；TshiftIt is one between observation and theoretical first arrival constant
Drift value, to solve the problems, such as that microseism focus origin time is unknown in real data monitoring；
S5: by the seismic data read in step S2, walk when objective function correspond in micro-seismic event m-th of wave detector note
The recognizable longitudinal wave first arrival time of recordIt combines, is corrected by polarity, then according to public with first arrival time table theoretical in step S3
Formula (3), (4) and (5) constructs addition of waveforms function Ews；
Δ in formulaP、ΔSIt is longitudinal and shear wave sliding window number of samples respectively；Dt is the sampling interval；N is wave detector number；Assume that respectively focal point to i-th of wave detector longitudinal and shear wave theoretical timeWith m-th wave detector
Longitudinal wave theoretical timeDifference,It is the symbol coefficient of i-th of wave detector wave-amplitude in length and breadth, u respectivelyiIt is earthquake number
According to the i-th channel amplitude value；
S6: input weight factor beta, according to travel time residual function T in step S4rWith waveform superpositing function E in step S5ws,
Further aim function is constructed according to formula (6)；
Q=Tr-βEws (6)
S7: Further aim functional minimum value is found by grid data service, exports corresponding optimal solution, i.e. focus at this time
Position.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S1, rate pattern can be provided by Sonic Logging Data and geological layering
Material establishes initial velocity model, then carries out velocity model corrections using perforation data.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S3, in area of feasible solution all mesh points, which refer to shooting point, is
The heart gives a domain, then carries out gridding to the region, each mesh point is possible focal point.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S5, the substantially accurate longitudinal wave first arrival time of useInstead of conventional wave
Unknown focus origin time in shape stacking method.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S5, polarity amendment can pass through symbol coefficientIt realizes, i.e.,
Judge wave detector record in when window in amplitude symbols, need sign to be consistent, herein guarantee waveform superposition in the same direction.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S6, weight coefficient β size (β > 0) depends on the letter of microseism data
It makes an uproar than situation, if noise is relatively low, more greatly, therefore β will be arranged more greatly in addition of waveforms fractional weight, otherwise setting β is smaller.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in the step S7, in grid search positioning, it is assumed that mesh point is hypocentral location
When, TrFor minimum, EwsFor maximum (i.e.-β EwsFor minimum), therefore Further aim function Q is minimum value.
Embodiment: observation system in the two-dimentional microseism well based on uniform dielectric model, velocity of longitudinal wave Vp=are initially set up
4500m/s, shear wave velocity Vs=2500m/s, density 2.425g/cm3.As shown in Fig. 2, being monitored at horizontal distance x=2000m
10 grades of wave detector depth z are located at 1500-1590m in well (straight well), and road spacing is 10m.Microseism focus is arranged to occur
Position be (x, z)=(2200,1570) m.Then two-dimension elastic Wave equation forward modeling mould is carried out using the Ricker wavelet of 100Hz
Quasi-, sampling interval 0.5ms obtains the z-component earthquake record (Fig. 3 a) of the theoretical model, and Fig. 3 b is made an uproar at random to Fig. 3 a addition
The z-component earthquake record of theoretical model after sound.
In order to test the method for the present invention to the stability of First Arrival Error, 10 wave detector micro-seismic event first arrivals are added respectively
Enter 200 [- 2,2] ms random errors.Then after establishing travel time residual objective function according to formula (1) and (2), using step 7
Middle grid data service positions microseism focus, obtains the positioning result (Fig. 4 a) based on objective function method when walking.According to
Objective function of the invention is established to (6) according to formula (1), and microseism focus is positioned using grid data service in step 7,
Obtain the positioning result (Fig. 4 b) of the method for the present invention.
From Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b comparison as can be seen that under certain First Arrival Error, positioning result ratio Fig. 4 a of Fig. 4 b is more added
It holds back, i.e., much smaller than the positioning method error based on objective function when walking of position error of the present invention.
In conclusion the present invention is based on the thinkings that the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms combine, microseism focus is determined
Position, can be improved the anti-noise ability and convergence of localization method, can improve the precision of microseism seismic source location.
The content that this specification is not described in detail belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms, which comprises the following steps:
S1: input speed model；
S2: picking up and inputs practical first arrival time, and reads seismic data；
S3: according to rate pattern in step S1, the theory for calculating all mesh points to each wave detector in area of feasible solution is first
To timetable；
S4: based on the theoretical first arrival time table calculated in the practical first arrival time and step S3 inputted in step S2, according to formula
(1) and (2) construct travel time residual function Tr；
In above formula: M, N are the number of the shear wave observed and longitudinal wave first arrival respectively；WithIt is j-th of wave detector record respectively
Shear wave and longitudinal wave first arrival time,WithWhen being the shear wave and longitudinal wave theoretical calculation of corresponding j-th of wave detector respectively
Between；WithIt is the shear wave and longitudinal wave first arrival time that i-th of wave detector records respectively,WithIt is corresponding respectively
The shear wave of i-th wave detector and longitudinal wave theoretical calculation time；TshiftIt is a constant drift between observation and theoretical first arrival
Amount, to solve the problems, such as that microseism focus origin time is unknown in real data monitoring；
S5: by the seismic data read in step S2, walk when objective function correspond in micro-seismic event m-th of wave detector record
It can recognize longitudinal wave first arrival timeIt combines, is corrected by polarity, then according to formula with first arrival time table theoretical in step S3
(3), (4) and (5) construct addition of waveforms function Ews；
Δ in formulaP、ΔSIt is longitudinal and shear wave sliding window number of samples respectively；Dt is the sampling interval；N is wave detector number；
Assume that respectively focal point to i-th of wave detector longitudinal and shear wave theoretical timeIt is theoretical with the longitudinal wave of m-th of wave detector
TimeDifference,It is the symbol coefficient of i-th of wave detector wave-amplitude in length and breadth, u respectivelyiIt is seismic data i-th
Amplitude；
S6: input weight factor beta, according to travel time residual function T in step S4rWith waveform superpositing function E in step S5ws, according to
Formula (6) constructs Further aim function；
Q=Tr-βEws (6)
S7: Further aim functional minimum value is found by grid data service, exports corresponding optimal solution, i.e. focus position at this time
It sets.
2. a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms according to claim 1, special
Sign is: in the step S1, rate pattern can establish initial velocity mould by Sonic Logging Data and geological layering data
Then type carries out velocity model corrections using perforation data.
3. a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms according to claim 1 or 2,
Be characterized in that: in the step S3, all mesh points refer to centered on shooting point in area of feasible solution, give a solution
Then region carries out gridding to the region, each mesh point is possible focal point.
4. a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms according to claim 3, special
Sign is: in the step S5, polarity amendment can pass through symbol coefficientIt realizes, that is, judges in wave detector record
When window in amplitude symbols, need sign to be consistent, herein guarantee waveform superposition in the same direction.
5. a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms according to claim 4, special
Sign is: in the step S6, the state of signal-to-noise of weight coefficient β > 0, size and microseism data is inversely proportional.
6. a kind of microseism seismic source location method based on the first arrival time difference and addition of waveforms according to claim 5, special
Sign is: in the step S7, in grid search positioning, it is assumed that when mesh point is hypocentral location, TrFor minimum, EwsFor most
Greatly, i.e.-β EwsFor minimum, therefore Further aim function Q is minimum value.
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| CN110568499A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-13 | 长江大学 | first-arrival time difference correction method and device for VSP seismic data |
| CN111077569A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for extracting data in time-sharing window in full-waveform inversion |
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| CN111352160A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-06-30 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Automatic repositioning device and method for ocean bottom seismograph |
| CN111580165A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Device and method for positioning arrival time difference of ocean bottom seismograph |
| CN111856581A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-30 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | OBS clock drift correction method and processing terminal |
| CN111856581B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-02-22 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | OBS clock drift correction method and processing terminal |
| CN115327620A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Microseism joint time difference stacking positioning method |
| CN113608257A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-05 | 长江大学 | Microseism event migration positioning method based on improved waveform stacking function |
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| CN114167495A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 长江大学 | Superposition autocorrelation filtering method and device for reducing longitudinal wave suppression |
| CN114167495B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2023-08-11 | 长江大学 | Superimposed autocorrelation filtering method and device for reducing longitudinal wave suppression |
| CN115373029A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Real-time micro-seismic source mechanism calculation method and system based on deep learning |
| CN115373029B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-31 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Real-time micro-seismic source mechanism calculation method and system based on deep learning |
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