CN111580165A - Device and method for positioning arrival time difference of ocean bottom seismograph - Google Patents
Device and method for positioning arrival time difference of ocean bottom seismograph Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for positioning arrival time difference of a submarine seismograph, and belongs to the technical field of marine seismic exploration. The method comprises the steps of completing the release of the ocean bottom seismograph according to a preset operation point, and taking artificial seismic source data as input data. Firstly, preprocessing of the data of the manually excited seismic source of the ocean bottom seismograph is completed. And selecting a proper radius to define a search grid range by taking the throwing point as a center, and constructing a search grid point-to-time difference model by jointly calculating the arrival time of a ray tracing theory through known submarine topography data and an actually measured seawater wave velocity profile. And calculating the actual measurement time difference of the components of the seismometer or the hydrophone by utilizing a cross-correlation algorithm. And superposing the theoretical arrival time difference and the actual measurement arrival time difference of the search grid nodes, wherein the corresponding point of the minimum value of the superposed arrival time difference is the positioning result. Meanwhile, the invention discloses a device for positioning the arrival time difference of the ocean bottom seismograph. The invention can realize the high-precision correction of the landing position of the ocean bottom seismograph.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of marine seismic exploration, and particularly relates to a device and a method for positioning arrival time difference of a submarine seismograph.
Background
The marine seismology method is widely applied to the fields of marine energy resource development, submarine geological structure research, marine disaster early warning and the like. An Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) is a novel marine seismic exploration device which is arranged on the Ocean Bottom to record seismic waves. The ocean bottom seismograph relates to advanced technologies such as ocean acoustics, ocean bottom energy supply, GPS-free high-precision time keeping, seismometer self-leveling and low-power consumption acquisition, is a high and new technology ocean seismic exploration product, is mainly used for ocean oil and gas resource exploration, geological structure research, disaster prevention and reduction and the like, becomes a key device for ocean geophysical exploration, and is a new bright point and a new growth point in ocean geophysical instruments and exploration technologies.
According to the seismic data transmission mode, the method can be divided into a real transmission type ocean bottom seismograph and a sinking and floating type ocean bottom seismograph. The sinking-floating type ocean bottom seismograph is mainly characterized by independent sinking-floating, namely, a sinking-floating type ocean bottom seismograph connected with a sinking-coupling frame is put on the sea surface, the ocean bottom seismograph with self buoyancy is pulled to the sea bottom under the action of the gravity of the sinking-coupling frame to acquire seismic data, after the acquisition is completed, an acoustic instruction is sent to the ocean bottom seismograph on a sea surface ship, the ocean bottom seismograph is disconnected from the sinking-coupling frame after receiving a recovery instruction, and the ocean bottom seismograph floats to the sea surface by utilizing the self buoyancy to be recovered.
Through patent retrieval and domestic and foreign literature research, the existing methods for the bottoming relocation of the ocean bottom seismograph are few, and automatic data processing cannot be realized. The artificial seismic source-based ocean bottom seismograph repositioning method is to obtain repositioning by fitting arrival time of direct water waves, such as a submarine topography arrival time and sound wave arrival time joint inversion technology, a direct arrival time linear multilateral technology and a direct arrival time Monte Carlo fitting technology. However, the above method requires the acquisition of accurate arrival times of the vertical components of the seismometer. Meanwhile, the absolute arrival time of the direct wave is used as inversion input data, errors such as first arrival time pickup, air gun excitation delay and the like contained in the data cannot be eliminated, and quick positioning on an operation site cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a correction method for the landing position of an ocean bottom seismograph based on arrival time difference model learning, which solves the problem of solving the landing position of the ocean bottom seismograph, solves the problems of no manual intervention and no additional error introduction through a quantifiable computing technology, realizes automatic and high-precision repositioning of the landing position of the ocean bottom seismograph, greatly improves the repositioning efficiency of the ocean bottom seismograph, provides possibility for quick positioning of the on-site ocean bottom seismograph, and provides a basis for correct application of subsequent ocean bottom seismograph data.
The invention also aims to provide a device for positioning the bottoming position to the time difference of the ocean bottom seismograph.
Specifically, the method for positioning the arrival time difference of the ocean bottom seismograph acquires a positioning result by constructing a theoretical arrival time difference model and searching for the minimum value of the superposition of the theoretical arrival time difference model and the actual measurement arrival time difference model, and comprises the following steps of:
step 101: and (4) throwing the ocean bottom seismograph according to the designed operation point, carrying out crisscross artificial seismic source excitation operation by taking the throwing point as the center after the ocean bottom seismograph is landed, and recovering the ocean bottom seismograph after the operation task is finished.
Step 102: and intercepting a common receiving point gather corresponding to the station from a continuous recording data sequence of the ocean bottom seismograph by using time and position navigation information excited by the artificial seismic source, and outputting and storing the common receiving point gather in an SU or SEGY format.
Step 103: and defining a search grid by taking the release point as a center through the search radius and the search grid interval, and selecting any two guns (called gun point pairs) to construct a theoretical arrival time difference model.
Step 104: and reading SU or SEGY format data of hydrophone components of the ocean bottom seismograph, and solving the actually measured time difference of the shot point pair based on a cross correlation algorithm.
Step 105: and circularly solving the theoretical arrival time difference models of all shot point pairs, completely superposing the theoretical arrival time difference models on the real measured time difference, and finally superposing the theoretical arrival time difference models on the minimum value corresponding to the time difference model to obtain a positioning result.
The invention adopts another technical scheme that the arrival time difference positioning device of the ocean bottom seismograph comprises a seismic gather reading module, a time difference acquisition module and a time difference acquisition module, wherein the seismic gather reading module is used for reading the trace head information and the gather data; the arrival time difference model training module is used for solving a direct wave theory arrival time difference model of any shot point pair; the actual measurement arrival time difference calculation module is used for calculating the arrival time difference of direct waves between any two guns in the artificial source seismic channel set recorded by the submarine seismograph; the model superposition module is used for circularly superposing the theoretical arrival time difference and the actually measured arrival time difference of all shot point pairs and selecting the coordinate position corresponding to the minimum value of the superposed arrival time difference model as a positioning result; and the storage output module is used for storing the time difference model result and the positioning coordinate position which are superposed.
The method has the advantages that for the difficult problem of accurate positioning of the landing position of the ocean bottom seismograph, the landing position is repositioned through later non-inverted arrival time difference model training and superposition by utilizing an artificial seismic source excitation mode. Particularly, in the positioning process, the inversion optimization step of the traditional positioning algorithm is avoided through the steps of theoretical arrival time difference model training and actual measurement arrival time difference superposition, the arrival time difference between any two channels is quantitatively calculated by introducing a cross-correlation algorithm, and all subprogram modules can obtain the positioning result without manual intervention. The method has obvious application advantages in deep sea and deep Yuan (more than 6000 meters) areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of theoretical moveout model training.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a velocity model and ray paths of horizontal laminar seawater.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the relocation is to confirm the secondary landing position of the seismograph which freely falls to the sea bottom by using the information of the artificial seismic source. According to the method, the automatic correction of the position of the ocean bottom seismograph is realized through quantifiable operations such as theoretical arrival time difference model training, actual measurement arrival time difference cross-correlation solving, model stacking search, whole-office minimum value query and the like. The arrival time data of the first arrival waves and inversion calculation are not needed, errors caused by the two steps are avoided, and the repositioning precision is improved. The method comprises the following steps:
step 101: and (4) throwing the ocean bottom seismograph according to the designed operation point, carrying out crisscross artificial seismic source excitation operation by taking the throwing point as the center after the ocean bottom seismograph is landed, and recovering the ocean bottom seismograph after the operation task is finished.
Step 102: and intercepting a common receiving point gather corresponding to the station from a continuous recording data sequence of the ocean bottom seismograph by using time and position navigation information excited by an artificial seismic source, finishing time drift correction, channel equalization processing and band-pass filtering processing in sequence, and outputting and storing the time drift correction, the channel equalization processing and the band-pass filtering processing into an SU or SEGY format.
Step 103: and defining a search grid by taking the release point as a center through the search radius and the search grid interval, and selecting any two guns (called gun point pairs) to construct a theoretical arrival time difference model. As shown in FIG. 3, wherein Si、 SjThe number of the shot pairs is any two, the black dots at the bottom indicate the landing site positions of the lander, and the bottom grid is a search grid node generated according to a search radius of 5000 m.
Step 104: and reading SU or SEGY format data of hydrophone components of the ocean bottom seismograph, and solving the actually measured time difference of the shot point pair based on a cross correlation algorithm.
Step 105: and circularly solving the theoretical arrival time difference models of all shot point pairs, completely superposing the theoretical arrival time difference models on the real measured time difference, and finally superposing the theoretical arrival time difference models on the minimum value corresponding to the time difference model to obtain a positioning result.
In the above step 103, for any shot point pair Si、SjThe method and the process for training the arrival time difference model are as follows: (1) defining a search radius by taking a lander release point as a center, wherein the value range of the search radius is 2500m-5000 m; (2) defining the size of a search grid node, wherein the value range of the grid node is 1m-10 m; (3) forming a search grid node according to the two parameters; (4) loading the terrain data of the grid nodes, obtaining the coordinates of all the grid nodes, and recording as (x)r,yr,zr) (ii) a (5) Solving any grid node to S by utilizing ray tracing algorithm between two pointsi、SjThe arrival time difference of direct waves between shots (denoted asΔt′ij) The arrival time differences of all grid nodes in the region form Si、SjTheoretical arrival time difference model of shot point pairs (marked as delta T'ij)。
In the above method and process (5), any grid node is calculated to Si、SjThe arrival time difference of the direct waves between the shot points comprises two steps of theoretical arrival time calculation and arrival time difference calculation, the theoretical arrival time difference calculation is realized by a Snell law ray tracing method considering ray bending, the seawater is regarded as a horizontal layered medium, the horizontal layered medium is layered at equal intervals according to the thickness of 1 meter, the speed model initialization is completed by utilizing the existing measured seawater P wave speed data, according to the geometric seismology theory, the arrival time calculation problem of the direct waves can be expressed as a position and speed model of a given seismic source and a given receiving point (as shown in figure 4, wherein delta is the offset distance between an artificial seismic source and a submarine seismograph, αiAnd h, (i) the incident angle of the ith layer, hv (i) the velocity of the ith layer, and n the total number of layers), and determining the arrival time of the direct wave between the two points based on Snell's law.
Based on Snell's law, for a given artificial source location (x)s,ys,zs) And ocean bottom seismograph position (x)r,yr,zr) The arrival time of the direct wave is uniquely determined by a ray parameter p, and the p is obtained by the following equation:
wherein p is sin αiV (i) is the ray parameter, αiHv (i) is the incident angle and velocity of the ith layer, respectively, n is the total number of layers, Δ is the offset between the artificial source and the ocean bottom seismograph:
for equation f (p), the initial value p in the solving process can be obtained by a numerical analysis method such as a Newton iteration method, a Levenberg-marquardt method and the like0Is given by:
then obtaining the arrival time (T) of the direct wave by using the solved ray parameter psr):
Wherein β (i) is defined as:
for any shot point SiAnd shot point SjThe theoretical direct arrival time difference therebetween can be obtained by the following formula:
wherein,
as the shot point SjWhen the theoretical direct wave to the mesh node arrives,
as the shot point SiThe arrival time of the direct wave to the mesh node.
In the step 104, the actual measurement arrival time difference corresponding to any shot point pair is calculated by a cross-correlation function method, which includes cross-correlation function calculation, cross-correlation function maximum value and position calculation, arrival time difference calculation. Wherein, for any shot point SjCorresponding seismic trace X and shot point SiCross correlation function R of corresponding seismic trace YxyIs defined as:
wherein R isxyFor the cross-correlation function, N is the total number of input tracks, i isThe sequence is calculated, τ being the delay time of Y.
Obtaining a cross-correlation function RxyMaximum value position k:
k:max(Rxy(i))i∈[-N,N]
further obtain any shot point SjCorresponding to seismic channel X and shot point SjCorresponding to the time difference between the first arrival waves of the actual measurement between the seismic channels YijComprises the following steps:
ΔTij＝k*dt
where dt is the sampling interval of a seismic trace.
In the step 105, the theoretical arrival time difference model delta T 'of all shot point pairs corresponding to the cross artificial seismic source shot lines is obtained'ijDifference delta T from the measured timeijSuperposed to the moveout model Δ TstackThe method for obtaining comprises the following steps:
wherein l is the number of shot pairs, Delta TsumThe absolute difference between the theoretical arrival time difference and the actual arrival time difference of a single shot point pair is as follows:
ΔTsum＝|ΔT-ΔT|
wherein, Δ T is the actual measurement arrival time difference of the shot point pair, and Δ T' is the theoretical arrival time difference model of the shot point pair.
Finally, the superposition arrival time difference model Δ TstackThe minimum corresponding point is the position of the bottom-laying point of the ocean bottom seismograph.
Based on the same invention concept, the invention also provides a device for positioning the arrival time difference of the ocean bottom seismograph. Because the principle of solving the problems of the arrival time difference positioning device of the ocean bottom seismograph is similar to the arrival time difference positioning method of the ocean bottom seismograph, the implementation of the arrival time difference positioning device of the ocean bottom seismograph can refer to the implementation of the arrival time difference positioning method of the ocean bottom seismograph, and repeated parts are not repeated. As used hereinafter, the terms "unit" or "module" may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the means described below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a structure of an automatic relocation apparatus for an ocean bottom seismograph according to the present invention, wherein 201, a seismic gather reading module, 202, a arrival time difference model training module, 203, an actual measurement arrival time difference calculation module, 204, a arrival time difference stacking module, 205, and a storage output module. This structure is explained below.
And the seismic gather reading module 201 is used for reading the trace head information and data of the active source seismic gather recorded by the ocean bottom seismograph.
And the arrival time difference model training module 202 is used for defining the search grid nodes and solving a theoretical arrival time difference model of any shot point pair.
And the actual measurement arrival time difference calculation module 203 is used for calculating the arrival time difference of direct waves between any shot point pair in the seismic channel set recorded by the ocean bottom seismograph.
And the arrival time difference superposition module 204 is used for superposing the theoretical arrival time difference model and the actually measured arrival time difference.
And the storage output module 205 selects the minimum point position of the superposed time difference model as a positioning result, and outputs and stores the result.
Wherein, in the arrival time difference model training module 202, for any shot point pair Si、SjThe method and the process for training the arrival time difference model are as follows: (1) defining a search radius by taking a lander release point as a center, wherein the value range of the search radius is 2500m-5000 m; (2) defining the size of grid nodes, wherein the value range of the grid nodes is 1m-10 m; (3) forming a search grid node according to the two parameters; (4) loading the terrain data of the grid nodes, obtaining the coordinates of all the grid nodes, and recording as (x)r,yr,zr) (ii) a (5) Solving any grid node to S by utilizing ray tracing algorithm between two pointsi、SjArrival time difference between shots (denoted as delta t'ij) The arrival time differences of all grid nodes in the region form Si、SjTheoretical arrival time difference model of shot point pairs (marked as delta T'ij)。
In the above method and process (5), any grid node is calculated to Si、SjBetween the shotsThe direct wave arrival time difference comprises two steps of theoretical direct wave arrival time calculation and arrival time difference calculation. And (4) theoretically solving the time difference through a Snell law ray tracing method considering ray bending. The seawater is taken as a horizontal layered medium, layered at equal intervals according to the thickness of 1 meter, and the initialization of a speed model is completed by utilizing the existing actually measured seawater P-wave speed data. According to the theory of geometric seismology, the problem of the arrival time of the direct wave can be expressed as follows: given a position and velocity model of the source and receiver points (fig. 4), the time of arrival of the direct wave between these two points is determined based on Snell's law.
Based on Snell's law, for a given artificial source location (x)s,ys,zs) And ocean bottom seismograph position (x)r,yr,zr) The arrival time of the direct wave is uniquely determined by a ray parameter p, and the p is obtained by the following equation:
wherein p is sin αiV (i) is the ray parameter, αiHv (i) is the incident angle and velocity of the ith layer, respectively, n is the total number of layers, Δ is the offset between the artificial source and the ocean bottom seismograph:
for equation f (p), the initial value p in the solving process can be obtained by a numerical analysis method such as a Newton iteration method, a Levenberg-marquardt method and the like0Is given by:
then obtaining the arrival time (T) of the direct wave by using the solved ray parameter psr):
Wherein β (i) is defined as:
for any shot point SiAnd shot point SjThe theoretical direct arrival time difference therebetween can be obtained by the following formula:
wherein,
as the shot point SjWhen the theoretical direct wave to the mesh node arrives,
as the shot point SiThe arrival time of the direct wave to the mesh node.
In the above actual measurement arrival time difference calculation module 203, the actual measurement arrival time difference corresponding to any shot point pair is calculated by a cross-correlation function method, which includes cross-correlation function calculation, cross-correlation function maximum value and position calculation, arrival time difference calculation. Wherein, for any shot point SjCorresponding seismic trace X and shot point SiCross correlation function R of corresponding seismic traces YxyIs defined as:
wherein R isxyFor the cross-correlation function value, N is the total number of points in the input channel, i is the calculated sequence, and τ is the delay time of Y.
Obtaining a cross-correlation function RxyMaximum value position k:
k:max(Rxy(i))i∈[-N,N]
further obtain any shot point SjCorresponding to seismic channel X and shot point SjCorresponding to the time difference between the first arrival waves of the actual measurement between the seismic channels YijComprises the following steps:
ΔTij＝k*dt
where dt is the sampling interval of a seismic trace.
In the arrival time difference superposition module 204, the theoretical arrival time difference model delta T 'of all shot point pairs corresponding to the cross artificial seismic source shot lines is obtained'ijDifference delta T from the measured timeijSuperposed to the moveout model Δ TstackThe method for obtaining comprises the following steps:
wherein l is the number of shot pairs, Delta TsumThe absolute difference between the theoretical arrival time difference and the actual arrival time difference of a single shot point pair is as follows:
ΔTsum＝|ΔT-ΔT′|
wherein, Δ T is the actual measurement arrival time difference of the shot point pair, and Δ T' is the theoretical arrival time difference model of the shot point pair.
The above-mentioned storage output module 205 superimposes the time difference model Δ TstackAnd the minimum corresponding point is the position of the sea bottom seismograph touchdown point, and the position is output to a display screen in a numerical form and is stored in a file.
The invention provides a software of the apparatus for performing the above modular process. Meanwhile, the present invention provides a storage medium, in which the above software is stored, and the storage medium includes but is not limited to: optical disks, floppy disks, hard disks, erasable memory, etc. From the above description, it can be seen that the present invention achieves the following technical effects: a method and a device for positioning arrival time difference of a submarine seismograph utilize the modes of artificial seismic source excitation and submarine seismograph bottom-sitting reception, and combine ray tracing arrival time calculation, theoretical arrival time difference model training, cross-correlation arrival time difference calculation and arrival time difference superposition to obtain a final landing position, and after the landing position is corrected, the subsequent accurate processing and application of the submarine seismograph data are realized. The method technology is a necessary link of the ocean bottom seismograph in deep sea oil and gas resource exploration and development and natural earthquake observation, realizes automatic calculation of the landing position through a quantification technology, and has important application value in deep sea oil and gas and other energy and resource exploration. Meanwhile, the method technology has great application potential in the accurate positioning of the bottoming position of deep-sea equipment with deep-brillouin (greater than 10000 meters).
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The method for positioning the arrival time difference of the ocean bottom seismograph is characterized by specifically constructing a theoretical arrival time difference model and searching for the minimum value of the superposition of the actual measurement arrival time difference to obtain a positioning result, and comprises the following steps of:
step 101: the method comprises the following steps of (1) throwing the ocean bottom seismograph according to a designed operation point, carrying out crisscross artificial seismic source excitation operation by taking a throwing point as a center after the ocean bottom seismograph is landed, and recovering the ocean bottom seismograph after an operation task is finished;
step 102: intercepting a common receiving point gather corresponding to a station to which the submarine seismograph belongs from a continuous recording data sequence of the submarine seismograph by using time and position navigation information excited by an artificial seismic source, and outputting and storing the common receiving point gather in an SU or SEGY format;
step 103: defining a search grid by taking a release point as a center through a search radius and a search grid interval, and selecting any two cannons to construct a theoretical arrival time difference model;
step 104: reading SU or SEGY format data of hydrophone components of the ocean bottom seismograph, and calculating the actual measurement time difference of the shot point pair based on a cross-correlation algorithm;
step 105: and circularly solving the theoretical arrival time difference models of all shot point pairs, completely superposing the theoretical arrival time difference models on the actually measured arrival time difference, and finally superposing the theoretical arrival time difference models on the minimum value corresponding to the time difference model to obtain a positioning result.
2. The ocean bottom seismograph arrival moveout positioning method of claim 1, wherein in method step 103, S is assigned to any shot point pairi、SjThe method and the process for training the arrival time difference model are as follows:
step 103A, defining a search radius by taking a lander release point as a center, wherein the value range of the search radius is 2500m-5000 m;
step 103B, defining the size of the search grid node, wherein the value range of the grid node is 1m-10 m;
103C, forming a search grid node according to the search radius and the grid node size;
step 103D, loading the topographic data corresponding to the grid nodes, obtaining the coordinates of all the grid nodes, and recording as (x)r,yr,zr)；
Step 103E of calculating a distance from any grid node to S by using a ray tracing algorithm between two pointsi、SjThe arrival time difference of direct waves among blast points is recorded as delta t'ijThe arrival time differences of all grid nodes in the region form Si、SjThe theoretical arrival time difference model of the shot point pairs is recorded as delta T'ij。
3. The ocean bottom seismograph arrival time difference positioning method of claim 2, wherein in the method step 103E, any one of the grid nodes to S is calculatedi、SjThe arrival time difference of the direct waves between the shot points comprises two steps of theoretical arrival time calculation and arrival time difference calculation; the theoretical arrival time difference is obtained through a Snell law ray tracing method considering ray bending;
based on Snell's law, for a given artificial source location (x)s,ys,zs) And any search grid node (x)r,yr,zr) The arrival time of the direct wave is uniquely determined by a ray parameter p, and the p is obtained by the following formula I:
wherein p is sin αiV (i) is the ray parameter, αiHv (i) is the incident angle and velocity of the ith layer, n is the total number of layers, and Δ is the offset between the artificial source and the ocean bottom seismograph, as shown in formula IIShown in the figure:
solving the equation f (p) by a numerical analysis method, including a Newton iteration method and a Levenberg-marquit method, wherein the initial value p is obtained in the solving process0Given by equation three:
wherein hv (1) is the velocity of the first layer;
then obtaining the arrival time (T) of the direct wave by using the solved ray parameter psr) As shown in formula four:
wherein β (i) is defined by the formula five:
for any shot point SiAnd shot point SjThe theoretical direct wave arrival time difference can be obtained by the formula six:
wherein,
as the shot point SjWhen the theoretical direct wave to the mesh node arrives,
as the shot point SiArrival times of direct waves to the mesh nodes.
4. The method for locating the arrival time difference of the ocean bottom seismograph according to claim 3, wherein in the step 104 of the method, the calculation of the actual measurement arrival time difference corresponding to any shot point pair is realized by a cross-correlation function method, and comprises the steps of cross-correlation function solving, cross-correlation function maximum value and position solving and arrival time difference calculating; wherein, for any shot point SjCorresponding seismic trace X and shot point SiCross correlation function R of corresponding seismic trace YxyDefined as formula seven:
wherein R isxyIs a cross-correlation function value, N is the total number of points of the input channel, i is a calculation sequence, and tau is the delay time of Y;
obtaining a cross-correlation function RxyIs shown in equation eight:
k:max(Rxy(i))i∈[-N,N]equation eight
Further obtain any shot point SjCorresponding to seismic channel X and shot point SjCorresponding to the time difference between the first arrival waves of the actual measurement between the seismic channels YijIs the formula nine:
ΔTijformula nine ═ k × dt
Where dt is the sampling interval of a seismic trace.
5. The method for locating arrival time difference of ocean bottom seismograph of claim 4, wherein in the method step 105, the theoretical arrival time difference model Δ T 'of all shot point pairs corresponding to the shot line of the cross artificial seismic source is obtained'ijDifference delta T from the measured timeijSuperposed to the moveout model Δ TstackThe method of the calculation is shown in formula ten:
wherein l is the number of shot pairs, Delta TsumThe absolute difference between the theoretical arrival time difference and the actual arrival time difference of a single shot point pair is elevenShown in the figure:
ΔTsumeleven formula | Δ T- Δ T' |
Wherein, the delta T is the actual measurement arrival time difference of the shot point pair, and the delta T' is the theoretical arrival time difference model of the shot point pair;
finally, the superposition arrival time difference model Δ TstackThe minimum corresponding point is the position of the bottom-laying point of the ocean bottom seismograph.
6. An ocean bottom seismograph-to-moveout positioning apparatus for implementing the ocean bottom seismograph-to-moveout positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the apparatus comprises: the seismic gather reading module is used for reading the trace head information and the gather data; the arrival time difference model training module is used for solving a direct wave theory arrival time difference model of any shot point pair; the actual measurement arrival time difference calculation module is used for calculating the arrival time difference of direct waves between any two guns in the artificial source seismic channel set recorded by the submarine seismograph; the model superposition module is used for circularly superposing the theoretical arrival time difference and the actually measured arrival time difference of all shot point pairs and selecting the coordinate point position corresponding to the minimum value of the superposed arrival time difference model as a positioning result; and the storage output module is used for storing the time difference model result and the positioning coordinate position which are superposed.
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