CN106094021A - A kind of microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base, belongs to vibroseis positioning techniques field.Geology numerical model is set up in monitored area by the method, and carries out stress and strain model, and each mesh point can regard feature focal point as；Feature focal point arrival time difference data base can be set up in conjunction with feature focal point, sensor location coordinates and focus wave-wave speed；Utilizing shape information acquisition system, the waveshape signal receiving sensor extracts focus ripple and arrives the then time of each sensor；Calculate the arrival time difference of any two sensors, set up the arrival time difference matrix of focus, and carry out mating search with feature focal point arrival time difference data base, focus can be positioned real-time.In actual micro seismic monitoring engineering, set up feature focal point arrival time difference data base in advance, it is not necessary to focus is carried out function optimization iterative, therefore dramatically reduces seismic source location required time, can effectively reduce rock mass engineering project dynamic disaster pre-warning time.

Description

A kind of microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of microseism seismic source location method, a kind of microseism based on arrival time difference data base is shaken Source method for rapidly positioning.

Background technology

In the rock mass engineering projects such as mining, tunnel piercing, mining work activities can cause the deformation of regional area in rock mass or rupture, with Time discharge rapidly along with strain energy and produce Elastic wave, this phenomenon is referred to as microseism.Owing to microseism is rock mass Deformation, crack initiation and the attendant phenomenon of expansion process, it has close dependency with the mechanical behavior of surrounding rock structure, because of This, contain substantial amounts of about force-bearing of surrounding rock mass destruction and the useful letter of Geological Defects activation process in microseism source signal Breath, can infer the mechanical behavior of rock material, it was predicted that whether surrounding rock structure destroys accordingly.In recent years country rock far field is caused calamity Dynamic Loading carries out the On Microseismic Monitoring Technique of Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time and is widely used to rock mass engineering project field, and it is to rock burst, impact One of maximally effective monitoring method of the hazard predictions such as ground is pressed and collapses in goaf forecast.Microseism seismic source location is micro seismic monitoring The core of technology, can position fast, accurately be the key that can play a role of Microseismic monitoring system.

At rock mass engineering fields such as mining, tunnel piercings, because the dynamic disaster such as bump, rock burst has sudden, Though disaster has certain sign before occurring, but often due to lack efficient microseism localization method, causes Microseismic monitoring system Disaster alarm is delayed, and operating personnel and equipment have little time to withdraw work surface, causes heavy losses to human life's property.

Traditional microseism localization method relates to the optimal value problem of iterative function mostly, but in the huge feelings of data volume Under condition, iterative process can waste a large amount of valuable dynamic disaster prediction and warning time, therefore to focus quick, accurately solve and be The striving direction of microseism location algorithm.Based on this, it is quick that the present invention proposes a kind of microseism focus based on arrival time difference data base Localization method, and the biggest with stress and strain model density, positioning result is the most accurate.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problems referred to above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of microseism focus based on arrival time difference data base quickly fixed Method for position, by advance monitored area being carried out numerical modeling and stress and strain model, sets up feature focal point arrival time difference data base, profit By the Rapid matching feature of data base, actual focus is positioned, simultaneously by improving stress and strain model density, can reach quickly, Pinpoint purpose.

Concretely comprising the following steps of the inventive method:

A. sensor, T is laid in area to be monitored_i(i=1,2 ..., n) representing i-th sensor, its position coordinates can It is expressed as (x_i,y_i,z_i)；

B. area to be monitored is carried out numerical modeling, and carries out stress and strain model, using each grid node as representing this position The feature focal point P put_i(i=1,2 ..., n), its position coordinates is (x_oi,y_oi,z_oi)；

C. each feature focal point P is calculated_iArrival time difference matrix N_kij, set up arrival time difference data base；

1. under processing condition, single features focal point P_iArrival time difference Matrix Solving principle is as follows:

Assume that focus velocity of wave propagation is v, L_i(i=1,2 ..., n) it is sensor T_iTo feature focal point P_iDistance； t_i(i=1,2 ..., it is n) that shock wave arrives sensor T_iMoment, t₀It is characterized focal point P_iThe moment that focus produces, then:

$L_i=\sqrt{{(x_i-x_0)}^2+{(y_i-y_0)}^2+{(z_i-z_0)}^2},$

$t_i=\frac{L_i}{v}+t_0,$

Then focus ripple arrives two any different sensors T_iAnd T_jArrival time difference matrix element Δ t_ijIt is represented by:

${\mathrm{\Δt}}_{ij}=t_i-t_j=\frac{L_i-L_j}{v};$

2. under anisotropy heterogeneous conditions, single features focal point P_iSolving of arrival time difference matrix is calculated based on ray tracing Method, principle is as follows:

By feature focal point P_iThe focus ripple sent is separated into the ray of some sections, tired with when walking to the track of each section of ray Add, draw radiation profile and the temporal information of each sensor of arrival in anisotropy nonisotropic medium.Known features focal point P_i, sensor T_iIn the case of position coordinates and zone velocity structural model, the ray path of focus can be unique by ray parameter p Determine:

$\mathrm{\Δ}=p\underset{k=1}{\overset{l}{\Σ}}\frac{\widetilde{h_k}{v}_k}{\sqrt{1-p^2{v_k}^2}},$

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\widetilde{h_k}=h_k& k=1,\mathrm{...},s-1\\ \widetilde{h_k}=z_s-\underset{k=1}{\overset{s-1}{\Σ}}{h}_k& k=s\\ \widetilde{h_k}=0& k=s+1,\mathrm{...},l\end{array}\right.,$

In formula: Δ is epicentral distance (horizontal range between feature focal point and sensor 2), p=sin θ_k/v_kIt is to penetrate Line parameter；v_k, θ_k, h_k,Represent the speed of kth layer, angle of incidence, actual thickness and equivalent thickness respectively；L, s, z_sRepresent respectively The total number of plies of model, the feature focal point place number of plies and the degree of depth thereof.

After trying to achieve parameter p, it may be determined that feature focal point P_iWith sensor T_iThe propagation trajectories of point-to-point transmission, then focus ripple is from spy Levy focal point P_iArrive sensor T_iBe then:

$t_i=\underset{k=1}{\overset{l}{\Σ}}\frac{\widetilde{h_k}}{v_k\sqrt{1-p^2{v_k}^2}},$

Then focus ripple arrives two any different sensors T_iAnd T_jArrival time difference matrix element Δ t_ijIt is represented by:

Δt_ij=t_i-t_j；

3. arrival time difference data base to set up principle as follows:

Known sensor T_iCoordinate (x_i,y_i,z_i) and feature focal point P_iCoordinate (x_oi,y_oi,z_oi), try to achieve the shake of each feature Source point is to the arrival time difference Δ t of two any sensor_ij, form arrival time difference matrix N_Kij.In the case of having n sensor, Mei Gete Levy focal point to can get altogetherIndividual arrival time difference, and form one and compriseThe arrival time difference matrix N of individual data_Kij.Then by each feature The arrival time difference matrix input database of focal point information and correspondence thereof, can set up arrival time difference data base.

D. utilizing shape information acquisition system, the waveshape signal receiving sensor extracts focus ripple and arrives each sensing The then time of device；

E. calculate the arrival time difference of any two sensors, set up focus (x_o,y_o,z_o) arrival time difference matrix, and with feature focus Point arrival time difference data base carries out coupling search, positions focus real-time.

Wherein, in step b numerical modeling based on area to be monitored geological exploration data and zone velocity structural model, grid Dividing density to be directly proportional to seismic source location precision, divide density the biggest, positioning precision is the highest.

In step b, built numerical model is anisotropy heterogeneous body model (including isotropism isotropic body model), quilt Monitored area geological exploration data and zone velocity structural model are the most detailed, then model is the most accurate, and seismic source location precision is the highest.

Wherein, focus arrival time difference matrix is searched for the employing similarity mode that mates of feature focal point arrival time difference data base Method, feature focal point that similarity is high is it is believed that the physical location of this focus.

Having the beneficial effect that of the technique scheme of the present invention:

The feature that the present invention searches for based on data base's Rapid matching, in actual micro seismic monitoring engineering, sets up feature in advance Focal point arrival time difference data base, it is not necessary to focus is carried out function optimization iterative, needed for therefore dramatically reducing seismic source location Time, meanwhile, the biggest with stress and strain model density, positioning precision is the highest, therefore when can effectively reduce rock mass engineering project dynamic disaster early warning Between, provide certain effective and safe guarantee to staff and equipment.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is present invention microseism based on arrival time difference data base focus method for rapidly positioning embodiment model schematic；

Fig. 2 be mesh-density be the cube model of 8m × 8m × 8m；

Fig. 3 is that certain surveys source wave form signal graph；

Fig. 4 is position error comparison diagram under different mesh-density；

Fig. 5 is that under different mesh-density, conventional mesh searching algorithm calculates time-consuming comparison diagram with the inventive method.

Detailed description of the invention

For making technical scheme and advantage clearer, carry out below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments in detail Explanation.

(1) for checking effectiveness of the invention, under processing condition as a example by illustrate, wherein the solving of heterogeneous conditions Principle is same.Design verification model is as it is shown in figure 1, be a uniform soft soil base, it is assumed that have 8 sensors A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H is respectively arranged in eight vertex positions of cube, simulation actual measurement focus I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P various point locations coordinate such as table 1 He Shown in table 2.

Table 1

Sensor	X/m	Y/m	Z/m
				A	0	0	0
B	0	8	0
				C	8	8	0
D	8	0	0
				E	0	0	8
F	0	8	8
				G	8	8	8
H	8	0	8

Table 2

Actual measurement focus	X/m	Y/m	Z/m
				I	1.1231	2.3546	3.2458
J	4.3256	2.3654	7.1254
				K	7.2158	6.3478	5.1864
L	2.2541	4.1267	7.2541
				M	6.3214	4.2589	7.1568
N	5.3698	7.1256	1.5894

(2) micro seismic monitoring region is carried out numerical modeling, and carry out stress and strain model.

As in figure 2 it is shown, model partition mesh-density is 8m × 8m × 8m, totally 512 feature focal points, each spy can be calculated Levy the distance between position coordinates and feature focal point and the sensor of focal point.Spy can be tried to achieve based on information above and velocity of wave v The focus ripple levying focal point arrives the time of each sensor.

(3) calculate the arrival time difference matrix of each feature focal point, set up arrival time difference data base.

In the case of having 8 sensors, each feature focal point can get altogetherIndividual arrival time difference, and form one Comprise the arrival time difference matrix N of 56 data_Kij, for representing the then information of this feature focal point.With feature focal point (1m, 2m, 3m) as a example by, its arrival time difference matrix is as shown in table 3.

Table 3

The construction method of feature based focal point (1m, 2m, 3m), the arrival time difference of 512 feature focal points in computation model Matrix also saves it in data base, such that it is able to set up a feature focal point arrival time difference data base.

(4) utilizing shape information acquisition system, the waveshape signal receiving sensor extracts focus ripple and arrives each biography The then time of sensor.

It is illustrated in figure 3 certain actual measurement source wave form signal graph, picking algorithm such as length hourly value when using based on this figure Focus ripple can be automatically extracted than method, AIC method etc. and reach the then time of each sensor.

(5) calculate the arrival time difference of any two sensors, set up the arrival time difference matrix of actual measurement focus, and arrive with feature focal point Time difference data storehouse carries out coupling search, positions actual measurement focus real-time.

Same step (3), can try to achieve each actual measurement focal point arrival time difference matrix, and utilize similarity mode algorithm by itself and feature Focal point arrival time difference data base carries out coupling search, can quickly seek its position coordinates.

Under different mesh-densities, the inventive method position error as shown in Figure 4, increases with mesh-density, and positioning precision shows Write and promote.Under different mesh-densities, conventional mesh searching algorithm and the inventive method calculate time-consuming contrast as it is shown in figure 5, by Fig. 5 Understanding, the inventive method computational efficiency is high, and along with mesh-density increases, can greatly reduce the time used by seismic source location.

In sum, in practical engineering application, for ensureing the requirement of location accuracy, grid search will necessarily be increased close Degree, now the inventive method can increase substantially microseism seismic source location efficiency, thus causes the timely of calamity Dynamic Loading for rock mass engineering project Prediction provides technical support.

The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art For, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications are also Should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:

A. sensor, T is laid in area to be monitored_i(i=1,2 ..., n) representing i-th sensor, its position coordinates can represent For (x_i,y_i,z_i)；

B. area to be monitored is carried out numerical modeling, and carry out stress and strain model, using each grid node as representing this position Feature focal point P_i(i=1,2 ..., n), its position coordinates is (x_oi,y_oi,z_oi)；

C. each feature focal point P is calculated_iArrival time difference matrix N_Kij, set up arrival time difference data base；

D. utilizing shape information acquisition system, the waveshape signal receiving sensor extracts focus ripple and arrives each sensor The then time；

E. calculate the arrival time difference of any two sensors, set up focus (x_o,y_o,z_o) arrival time difference matrix, and with feature focal point P_i Arrival time difference data base carries out coupling search, positions focus real-time.

2. microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute Stating stress and strain model density in step b to be directly proportional to seismic source location precision, divide density the biggest, positioning precision is the highest.

3. microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute Stating numerical model in step b is anisotropy heterogeneous body model and isotropism isotropic body model.

4. microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute State in step c, under processing condition, single features focal point P_iArrival time difference Matrix Solving principle is as follows:

Assume that focus velocity of wave propagation is v, L_i(i=1,2 ..., n) it is sensor T_iTo feature focal point P_iDistance；t_i(i= 1,2 ..., it is n) that shock wave arrives sensor T_iMoment, t₀It is characterized focal point P_iThe moment that focus produces, then:

Focus ripple arrives two any different sensors T_iAnd T_jArrival time difference matrix element Δ t_ijIt is expressed as:

5. microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute State in step c, under anisotropy heterogeneous conditions, single features focal point P_iSolving based on ray tracing of arrival time difference matrix Algorithm, principle is as follows:

By feature focal point P_iThe focus ripple sent is separated into the ray of more than a section, cumulative with when walking to the track of each section of ray, Draw radiation profile and the temporal information of each sensor of arrival in anisotropy nonisotropic medium；Known features focal point P_i、 Sensor T_iIn the case of position coordinates and zone velocity structural model, the ray path of focus can be the most true by ray parameter p Fixed:

$\mathrm{\Δ}=p\underset{k=1}{\overset{l}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{\widetilde{h_k}{v}_k}{\sqrt{1-p^2{v_k}^2}},\left\{\begin{array}{cc}\widetilde{h_k}=h_k& k=1,...,s-1\\ \widetilde{h_k}=z_s-\underset{k=1}{\overset{s-1}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{h}_k& k=s\\ \widetilde{h_k}=0& k=s+1,...,l\end{array}\right.;$

In formula: Δ is epicentral distance, i.e. horizontal range between feature focal point and sensor 2；P=sin θ_k/v_kIt it is ray ginseng Number；v_k, θ_k, h_k,Represent the speed of kth layer, angle of incidence, actual thickness and equivalent thickness respectively；L, s, z_sRepresent model respectively Total number of plies, the feature focal point place number of plies and the degree of depth thereof；

After trying to achieve parameter p, it may be determined that feature focal point P_iWith sensor T_iThe propagation trajectories of point-to-point transmission, then focus ripple shakes from feature Source point P_iArrive sensor T_iBe then:

$t_i=\underset{k=1}{\overset{l}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{\widetilde{h_k}}{v_k\sqrt{1-p^2{v_k}^2}};$

Then focus ripple arrives two any different sensors T_iAnd T_jArrival time difference matrix element Δ t_ijIt is represented by:

Δt_ij=t_i-t_j。

6. microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute State in step c, arrival time difference data base to set up principle as follows:

Known sensor T_iCoordinate (x_i,y_i,z_i) and feature focal point P_iCoordinate (x_oi,y_oi,z_oi), try to achieve each feature focal point Arrival time difference Δ t to two any sensor_ij, form arrival time difference matrix N_Kij；In the case of having n sensor, each feature is shaken Source point can get altogetherIndividual arrival time difference, and form one and compriseThe arrival time difference matrix N of individual data_Kij；Then by each feature focus The arrival time difference matrix input database of dot information and correspondence thereof, sets up arrival time difference data base.

7. microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute State focus arrival time difference matrix in step e and use similarity mode search method, phase with mating of feature focal point arrival time difference data base Seemingly spend high feature focal point and confirm as the physical location of this focus.