CN102628955A - Method for acquiring earthquake early warning magnitude - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for acquiring earthquake early warning magnitude, and the objective of the invention is to provide a novel method combining two earthquake early warning magnitude acquisition means of prediction and actual measurement to overcome shortcomings of existing early warning magnitude calculation methods. The technical scheme of the invention is that the method comprises the following steps: 1 P waves and S waves of earthquake are acquired by using a plurality of earthquake wave acquisition stations which are close to the epicenter; 2 feature information of first n seconds of the earthquake waves acquired by each of the earthquake wave acquisition stations after the earthquake is extracted, and earthquake early warning magnitude of each of the stations is calculated by using an earthquake magnitude prediction formula; 3 earthquake magnitude of each of the stations is calculated by using an actual measurement formula; 4 if the earthquake magnitude of one station calculated by using the earthquake magnitude actual measurement formula is greater than the earthquake early warning magnitude calculated by using the earthquake magnitude prediction formula or the end of the earthquake waves is monitored by the station, then the earthquake magnitude calculated by using the earthquake magnitude actual measurement formula is selected as the earthquake early warning magnitude for the station; otherwise the predicted earthquake magnitude is selected as the early warning magnitude; 5 the average value of the earthquake early warning magnitude of each of the earthquake wave acquisition stations is selected as comprehensive earthquake early warning magnitude of the earthquake early warning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the earthquake pre-warning technology, especially a kind of acquisition methods of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude.
Background technology
Earthquake pre-warning (also can be described as the urgent speed newspaper of earthquake, for example in Japan) is meant after earthquake takes place, and gets the jump on seismic wave propagation before fortified defence area, shifts to an earlier date several seconds to tens of seconds to fortified defence area and gives the alarm, to reduce local loss.P Bob S velocity of wave propagation was fast after earthquake took place, and arrived fortified defence area faster than the S ripple.
In the prior art; Usually can in the more incident area of earthquake some seismic events be installed in advance and detect the station; Seismic event monitor station standing-meeting after the earthquake sends to earthquake pre-warning server (perhaps being called early warning center, early warning publisher server) in real time with the P ripple that collects, S ripple, and the earthquake pre-warning server obtains this magnitude of earthquake through extraction P ripple, S ripple information calculations.
The earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude computing formula that this area exists at present is a predictor formula.
Wherein predictor formula can but to be not limited to be that
or
calculates magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the peak displacement of former seconds after the earthquake P ripples;
is epicentral distance, and
is the eigenperiod of former seconds after the earthquake P ripples.
The principle of magnitude of earthquake predictor method is to obtain predictor formula according to historical seismic wave waveform through statistics, and what this predictor formula reacted is the statistical relationship between earthquake P ripple first motion characteristic (in general being preceding 3 seconds waveform character) and the magnitude of earthquake.Because the result who always exists individual difference, predictor formula to calculate is always big than actual measurement formula result calculated deviation.
In addition, the formula that is used to calculate magnitude of earthquake after earthquake finishes is an earthquake magnitude actual measurement formula.The actual measurement formula can but be not limited to body wave magnitude computing formula
; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is the arithmetic mean of two levels to maximum earthquake displacement;
is epicentral distance;
is calibration functions; Calibration functions is when on different epicentral distance observation stations, measuring earthquake magnitude with the particle movement maximum amplitude; Because of seismic event with range attenuation the corrected value that must add, the earthquake magnitude value of sympathetic earthquakes when its numerical value is equivalent on this distance, to record particle movement speed and is 1 μ m/s.The actual measurement formula is after earthquake is calmed down, and is used to calculate the formula of magnitude of earthquake, also is the earthquake magnitude computing formula that earthquake department uses now.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of new earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods to the deficiency that existing early warning earthquake magnitude computing method exist; Need to prove; The actual measurement formula is after earthquake is calmed down, just to be applied to earthquake magnitude calculate in the prior art; And in the present invention, this formula is used for before earthquake calms down by novelty.Concrete steps are following:
The earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods that the present invention proposes may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize the some seismic events nearer to gather P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake from the earthquake centre;
Step 2: extract the characteristic information of preceding n seismic event second of each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake, and utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 4: judge that each seismic wave gathers the earthquake magnitude whether earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula of the station calculates calculates greater than magnitude of earthquake predictor formula:, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event if the earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station actual measurement formula calculates is big or this seismic event is gathered station and monitored seismic event and calm down; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged; Said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
Preferably; The method that the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the calculating various places seismic wave collection station is averaged in the step 5 is: the variance of directly the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station being asked the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at arithmetic mean value or elder generation each seismic event picking platform station of calculating; Remove earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude then, at last remaining earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude is averaged greater than 2 times or 3 times variances.
Preferably, gathering station place at seismic event adopts strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer to gather seismic signal.
Preferably; In the said step 2; Predictor formula is that
or
calculates magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
be after the earthquake before the peak displacement of n P second ripple;
is epicentral distance,
be after the earthquake before the eigenperiod of n P second ripple;
In the said step 3; Said actual measurement formula is
; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions.
Preferably, utilization is gathered the preceding after the earthquake n of the station collections P ripple and the S ripple of second from earthquake centre 40 kilometer range with interior some seismic events in the said step 1.
Preferably, said n is 3.
The invention allows for another kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods, may further comprise the steps: step 1: utilize the some seismic events in 45 kilometer range of earthquake centre to gather P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake;
Step 2: extract seismic event after the earthquake and gather the characteristic information in preceding n seismic event second that the station gathers, and utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 4: judge seismic waveshape whether peak value cross or seismic event is calmed down: the seismic event peak value is crossed or seismic event is calmed down if certain seismic event picking platform station detects, and then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gathers the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged; Said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
Preferably; The method that the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the calculating various places seismic wave collection station is averaged in the step 5 is: the variance of directly the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station being asked the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at arithmetic mean value or elder generation each seismic event picking platform station of calculating; Remove earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude then, at last remaining earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude is averaged greater than 2 times or 3 times variances.
Preferably, gathering station place at seismic event adopts strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer to gather seismic signal; Said n is 3.
Preferably; In the said step 2; Predictor formula is that
or
calculates magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the peak displacement of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples;
is epicentral distance, and
is the eigenperiod of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples;
In the said step 3; Said actual measurement formula is
; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions.
Last the present invention proposes a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize the some seismic events nearer to gather P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake from the earthquake centre;
Step 2: the characteristic information in preceding n seismic event second of extraction each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake, and utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 4: judge that each seismic event gathers the earthquake magnitude whether earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula of the station calculates calculates greater than magnitude of earthquake predictor formula:, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event if the earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station actual measurement formula calculates is big or this seismic event is gathered station and monitored seismic event and calm down; Otherwise, judge whether peak value mistake of seismic waveshape that this seismic event gathers the station: if peak value mistake, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged; Said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
Preferably; The method that the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the calculating various places seismic wave collection station is averaged in the step 5 is: the variance of directly the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station being asked the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at arithmetic mean value or elder generation each seismic event picking platform station of calculating; Remove earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude then, at last remaining earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude is averaged greater than 2 times or 3 times variances.
Preferably, said n is 3, and gathers station place at seismic event and adopt strong-motion instrument to gather seismic signal.
Above-mentioned epicentral distance
is the distance that the liftoff seismic wave in earthquake centre is gathered the station.
In sum, owing to adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Earthquake magnitude acquisition methods disclosed by the invention can obtain magnitude of earthquake more accurately estimating utilization measurement method calculating earthquake magnitude on the means.
Adopt strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer to gather seismic event, effectively avoided causing sseismograph saturated because of magnitude of earthquake is excessive in the prior art, further guaranteed the precision that the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude calculates when violent earthquake takes place.
Traditionally, the measurement method of magnitude of earthquake is peak displacement or a speed calculation of utilizing seismic waveshape after waiting earthquake to finish.And the measurement method that adopts among the present invention proposes in early-warning parameters computation process, and with the peak displacement or the velocity estimation early warning earthquake magnitude that have measured, the early warning earthquake magnitude among the present invention is called as earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude measured value.The measurement method that adopts among the present invention need not be waited until after earthquake finishes just can calculate earthquake magnitude, has better ageing with respect to existing earthquake measurement method.Simultaneously, at the initial stage that the early warning earthquake magnitude calculates, that utilizes earthquake P ripple estimates the early warning earthquake magnitude, helps the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude and rapidly converges to end value.
Embodiment
Disclosed all characteristics in this instructions, or the step in disclosed all methods or the process except mutually exclusive characteristic and/or the step, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary characteristic in this instructions (comprising any accessory claim, summary) is only if special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, only if special narration, each characteristic is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
Earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods disclosed by the invention is estimated and is surveyed two kinds of methods of obtaining magnitude of earthquake and organically combine of the prior art.
Embodiment 1: a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize from earthquake centre 45 kilometer range with interior several, for example 1 ~ 6, seismic event is gathered P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake;
Step 2: extract the characteristic information of preceding 3 seconds P ripples of each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake; And utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the peak displacement of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples, and
is epicentral distance;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions;
Step 4: judge that each seismic event gathers the earthquake magnitude whether earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula of the station calculates calculates greater than magnitude of earthquake predictor formula:, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event if the earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station actual measurement formula calculates is big or this seismic event is gathered station and monitored seismic event and calm down; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is asked the arithmetic mean value, and said arithmetic mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize from earthquake centre 45 kilometer range with interior several, for example, 1 ~ 6, seismic event is gathered P ripple and the S ripple that station strong-motion instrument is gathered earthquake;
Step 2: extract the characteristic information of preceding 4 seconds P ripples of each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake; And utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula
to calculate magnitude of earthquake,
is the eigenperiod of preceding after the earthquake 4 seconds P ripples;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions;
Step 4: judge that each seismic event gathers the earthquake magnitude whether earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula of the station calculates calculates greater than magnitude of earthquake predictor formula:, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event if the earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station actual measurement formula calculates is big or this seismic event is gathered station and monitored seismic event and calm down; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged, and said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods may further comprise the steps: utilize from earthquake centre 45 kilometer range and gather P ripple and the S ripple that station strong-motion instrument is gathered earthquake with 1 ~ 6 interior tableland seismic wave;
Step 2: the characteristic information in the preceding 5 seconds P ripples of extraction each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake; And utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula
or
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the peak displacement of preceding after the earthquake 5 seconds P ripples;
is epicentral distance, and
is the eigenperiod of preceding after the earthquake 5 seconds P ripples;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions;
Step 4: judge whether seismic waveshape had occurred peak value (being maximum point) or seismic event is calmed down: the seismic event of the station peak value occurred or seismic event is calmed down if certain seismic event is gathered, and then magnitude of earthquake was surveyed the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the earthquake magnitude of formula calculating as this seismic event collection station; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged, and said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods may further comprise the steps: step 1: utilize from earthquake centre 45 kilometer range and gather P ripple and the S ripple that station strong-motion instrument is gathered earthquake with 10 ~ 20 interior tableland seismic waves;
Step 2: the characteristic information in the preceding 3 seconds P ripples of extraction each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake; And utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula
or
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the peak displacement of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples;
is epicentral distance, and
is the eigenperiod of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula
to calculate magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions;
Step 4: judge that each seismic event gathers the earthquake magnitude whether earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula of the station calculates calculates greater than magnitude of earthquake predictor formula:, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event if the earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station actual measurement formula calculates is big or this seismic event is gathered station and monitored seismic event and calm down; Otherwise, execution in step 5;
Step 5: judge whether peak value mistake of seismic waveshape that this seismic event gathers the station: if peak value mistake, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 6: consider that the make mistakes seismic event substantial deviation that can cause its collection of seismic event picking platform station equipment sometimes is actual; We can calculate the variance of the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station earlier for this reason; Remove earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude then, at last remaining earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude is averaged greater than 2 times or 3 times variances;
Said average is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
If need, can the above earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude that calculates be transformed to the earthquake magnitude of other form according to the seismology common method, for example, surface wave magnitude etc.
What be worth explanation is: to gather the station all be to adopt sseismograph to gather seismic waveshape to seismic event in the prior art, and what sseismograph detected is speed, and when running into the big earthquake of earthquake magnitude, sseismograph is saturated easily, thereby can not obtain seismic signal accurately.When Wenchuan earthquake, the sseismograph in area, most of Sichuan differs greatly with actual earthquake magnitude because the magnitude of earthquake that the sseismograph in the saturated and feasible application Sichuan Province measures is 7.3 grades.The present invention adopts the strong-motion instrument or the acceleration transducer of sense acceleration, can well avoid " saturated " phenomenon, has further guaranteed earthquake magnitude reliability and the precision obtained.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination that discloses in this manual, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (10)
1. an earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize the some seismic events nearer to gather P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake from the earthquake centre;
Step 2: extract the characteristic information of preceding n seismic event second of each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake, and utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 4: the earthquake magnitude of surveying formula calculating as if the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station monitors seismic event than big or this seismic event collection station and calms down, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the earthquake magnitude of formula calculating as this seismic event collection station; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged; Said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
2. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 1 is characterized in that, gathers station place at seismic event and adopts strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer to gather seismic signal.
3. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; In the said step 2; Predictor formula is that
or
calculates magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
be after the earthquake before the peak displacement of n P second ripple;
is epicentral distance,
be after the earthquake before the eigenperiod of n P second ripple;
In the said step 3; Said actual measurement formula is
; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions.
4. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 3 is characterized in that, utilizes in the said step 1 from earthquake centre 45 kilometer range and gathers preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripple and the S ripple of station collection with interior some seismic events.
5. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 4; It is characterized in that the method for in the said step 5 the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station being averaged is directly the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station to be asked the arithmetic mean value; Perhaps calculate the variance of the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude at each seismic event picking platform station earlier, remove earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude then, at last remaining earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude is averaged greater than 2 times or 3 times variances.
6. an earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize the some seismic events in 45 kilometer range of earthquake centre to gather P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake;
Step 2: the characteristic information in preceding n seismic event second of extraction each seismic event picking platform station collection after the earthquake, and utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 4: judge seismic waveshape whether peak value cross or seismic event is calmed down: the seismic event peak value is crossed or seismic event is calmed down if certain seismic event picking platform station detects, and then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gathers the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged; Said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
7. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 6 is characterized in that, gathers station place at seismic event and adopts strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer to gather seismic signal; Said n is 3.
8. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 7; It is characterized in that; In the said step 2; Predictor formula is that
or
calculates magnitude of earthquake; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the peak displacement of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples;
is epicentral distance, and
is the eigenperiod of preceding after the earthquake 3 seconds P ripples;
In the said step 3; Said actual measurement formula is
; Wherein
is magnitude of earthquake;
is the earthquake displacement, and its value is seismic shock acceleration that said strong-motion instrument or acceleration transducer collect is carved into current magnitude of earthquake calculation time when earthquake takes place a quadratic integral;
is epicentral distance, and
is calibration functions.
9. an earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: utilize the some seismic events nearer to gather P ripple and the S ripple that the station is gathered earthquake from the earthquake centre;
Step 2: the characteristic information in preceding n seismic event second of extraction each seismic event collection station collection after the earthquake, and utilize magnitude of earthquake predictor formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 3: utilize magnitude of earthquake actual measurement formula to calculate magnitude of earthquake;
Step 4: if the seismic waveshape that the earthquake magnitude that the magnitude of earthquake at certain seismic event picking platform station actual measurement formula calculates is big or this seismic event gathers that station monitors that seismic event has been calmed down or this seismic event is gathered station peak value mistake whether, then magnitude of earthquake is surveyed the earthquake magnitude that formula calculates and gather the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event; Otherwise, the earthquake magnitude that magnitude of earthquake predictor formula calculates is gathered the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of the station as this seismic event;
Step 5: the earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude to each seismic event picking platform station is averaged; Said mean value is the comprehensive earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude of secondary earthquake early warning for this reason.
10. a kind of earthquake pre-warning earthquake magnitude acquisition methods according to claim 9 is characterized in that said n is 3, and gathers station place at seismic event and adopt strong-motion instrument to gather seismic signal.
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| CN106094021A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-11-09 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of microseism focus method for rapidly positioning based on arrival time difference data base |
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