CN106291662A - Fracturing causes early warning and the Forecasting Methodology that microseism occurs in hot dry rock - Google Patents
Fracturing causes early warning and the Forecasting Methodology that microseism occurs in hot dry rock Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/01—Measuring or predicting earthquakes
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fracturing and cause early warning and the Forecasting Methodology that microseism occurs in hot dry rock, the present invention is faster than seismic wave according to propagation velocity of electromagnetic wave, non-destructive seismic wave P-wave speed is faster than the principle of seismic wave S ripple devastatingly, P ripple is utilized quickly to estimate earthquake magnitude, and utilize the feature that electromagnetic wave quickly transmits, effectively the microseism caused in hot dry rock development process can be carried out early warning, the emergency action time is provided, have the advantages that to change from small to big owing to manually drilling the hot dry rock microseism caused, therefore issuable hazardness microseism can be predicted, effectively reduce property loss and casualties.The present invention solves the problem of microseism harm in hot dry rock development process, before hazardness seismic wave arrives, estimate earthquake magnitude, the time providing several seconds to tens seconds takes emergency action, carry out along with development process for hot dry rock, the feature that microseism becomes larger, proposes microseism predictor formula, takes shock-absorbing Disposal Measures in advance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot dry rock monitoring technology, cause generation microseism in hot dry rock particularly to a kind of fracturing
Early warning and Forecasting Methodology.
Background technology
Exploitation hot dry rock is effective one of method utilizing geothermal energy, and exploitation hot dry rock principle is toward hot dry rock from earth's surface
Make a call to an injection well, then to the water that well mesohigh implantation temperature is relatively low, create the highest pressure, in rock mass densification without crack
In the case of, water under high pressure can make the direction of the substantially vertical minimally stress of rock mass produce many cracks, if natively having in rock mass
A small amount of natural joint, these water under high pressures are allowed to be expanded into bigger crack, and along with the continuous injection of water at low temperature, crack constantly increases
Add, expand, and be interconnected, ultimately form one substantially in planar artificial hot dry rock heat storage structure；But hot dry rock exploitation is
, there is a lot of problem in science and engineering problem in this process in one complicated system engineering, such as resource Target localization technology,
Artificial fracturing, the purpose monitoring technology such as microseism, tracer, and microseism is one of principal element of restriction hot dry rock exploitation,
After water under high pressure injection makes rock mass, water circulation and closes well, it may occur that the microseism in region, Basel, SUI underground heat project exists
When carrying out high pressure fracture rock climbing, having caused hundreds of seismic events, some earthquake grade even has resulted in property destruction, swashs
Having played the huge protest of local resident, last government has to cancel this project.
Causing the research of microseism to be in the starting stage currently for hot dry rock, research data shows, present stage is only to dry
The microseism that the exploitation of hot rock causes is monitored research, lacks a kind of method that can effectively reduce this microseism disaster.
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the microseism that hot dry rock exploitation only causes by above-mentioned present stage and be monitored research,
Lack a kind of method that can effectively reduce this microseism disaster, and provide a kind of fracturing to cause in hot dry rock and microseism occurs
Early warning and Forecasting Methodology.
A kind of fracturing causes early warning and the Forecasting Methodology that microseism occurs in hot dry rock, and the concrete steps of the method are such as
Under:
1), by seismic detector it is arranged near wellsite, residential block engineering, by each seismic detector by wireless aps and calculating
Analysis center is connected, and is sent to the signal collected in real time calculate main frame, needs the district of early warning in wellsite, residential block etc.
Intelligent warning alarm is placed in territory, is connected with calculating main frame by wireless aps by alarm, and the instruction that calculating main frame sends can be real-time
It is sent to intelligent warning alarm；
2), calculate seismic wave acceleration signal F (t) primitively that collected by seismic detector of main frame and be filtered, will primitively
Noise signal unrelated with useful signal in seismic wave acceleration signal F (t) filters, then to seismic wave acceleration primary signal F
T () carries out absolute value process and obtains absolute value acceleration signal Q (t), obtain absolute value acceleration signal Q (t) the front i second
Acceleration amplitude K in signal, i represent seismic detector monitor seismic wave after any time point, i is positive number, is taken the logarithm by Q (t)
Obtain logarithmetics signal P (t), if envelope function y=Bt e-At, wherein A is arbitrary constant, and B is positive number, and e represents that nature is normal
Number, then carries out envelope with envelope function y to the front i second signal of P (t) signal, makes the front i second signal data point of P (t) just exist
The inside of envelope function y, then obtains the value of constant A, B with method of least square, and calculate in this i time second envelope function y with
The area that transverse axis is surrounded, obtains acceleration envelope size S, and S is positive number；
3), filtered seismic wave acceleration primary signal F (t) is obtained to time t integration the original letter of seimic wave velocity
Number V (t), then carries out absolute value and processes and obtain absolute value rate signal R (t) seimic wave velocity primary signal V (t),
Obtain velocity amplitude L in absolute value rate signal R (t) front i second signal, R (t) taken the logarithm and obtains logarithmetics signal U (t),
If envelope functionWherein AvFor arbitrary constant, BvFor positive number, e represents natural constant, then uses envelope function
yvThe front i second signal of U (t) signal is carried out envelope, makes the front i second signal data point of U (t) just at envelope function yvInside,
Then constant A is obtained with method of least squarev、BvValue, and calculate envelope function y in this i time secondvThe face surrounded with transverse axis
Long-pending, obtain velocity envolop area E, E is positive number；
4), speed primary signal V (t) is obtained seismic wave displacement primary signal D (t) to time t integration, then to earthquake
Ripple displacement primary signal D (t) carries out absolute value process and obtains absolute value displacement signal G (t), obtains absolute value displacement letter
Number G (t) front i second signal intrinsic displacement amplitude N, takes the logarithm G (t) and obtains logarithmetics signal H (t), if envelope functionWherein ADFor arbitrary constant, BDFor positive number, e represents natural constant, then uses envelope function yDTo H (t)
The front i second signal of signal carries out envelope, makes the front i second signal data point of H (t) just at envelope function yDInside, then use
Method of least square obtains constant AD、BDValue, and calculate envelope function y in this i time secondDThe area surrounded with transverse axis, obtains
Displacement envelope size W, W are positive number；
5), verify through a large amount of earthquake data statistic analysis, parameter B, B can be usedv、BDCarry out the estimation of epicentral distance △, earthquake centre
Away from estimation equation: log △=alogB+blog Bv+clogBD+ d, wherein a, b, c, d are the recurrence obtained by method of least square
Constant, for arbitrary constant；
6), verify through a large amount of earthquake data statistic analysis, parameter A, B, A can be usedv、Bv、AD、BD、K、S、L、E、N、W
Carry out Magnitude estimation, Magnitude estimation formula: Wherein f1、f2、f3、
f4、f5、f6、f7、f8、f9、f10、f11、f12、f13For the regression constant obtained by method of least square, for arbitrary constant, M is estimation
Earthquake magnitude, for positive number；
7), calculate main frame carried out a step 1 every 0.1 second), 2), 3) and 4) analysis, calculate relevant parameter, and
Be brought into 5) and 6) in epicentral distance, in magnitude calculation formula, calculate epicentral distance, an earthquake magnitude, according in front 0～i second constantly
The earthquake magnitude of estimation, when estimation magnitude M exceedes the threshold value of a certain setting, calculates main frame and early warning signal sends to warning dress immediately
Put, send warning in advance in several seconds to tens seconds before ruinous earthquake principal earthquake arrives, allow people take urgent measure；
8), start to be filled to monitor to set up data base close to geological data during threshold value earthquake magnitude from well head, and by this section
The monitoring time was a time period to be divided into some equal portions by 30 days, obtains equal time period some time, takes each time period
Inside monitor meansigma methods and the time period midrange of earthquake magnitude, utilize method of least square to obtain Forecasting scale of seismic magnitude formula: Mest=pT+q,
Wherein p, q are the regression constant utilizing method of least square to obtain, and are arbitrary constant, MestFor predicting earthquake magnitude, for positive count, T
For Occurence Time of Earthquakes, for positive count, utilize this formula, next stage possible earthquake magnitude can be predicted.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention solves the problem of the harm of microseism in hot dry rock development process, utilize multi-parameter fitting estimation epicentral distance,
Earthquake magnitude, before hazardness seismic wave arrives, estimates earthquake magnitude, it is provided that the time of several seconds to tens seconds takes emergency action, pin
Hot dry rock is carried out along with development process, the feature that microseism becomes larger, propose microseism predictor formula, allow people take in advance to keep away
Shake Disposal Measures.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is seismic data processing technique flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is function envelope logarithmetics acceleration signal schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the area schematic diagram that envelope function of the present invention is surrounded with transverse axis.
Detailed description of the invention
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of fracturing causes early warning and the prediction side that microseism occurs in hot dry rock
Method, specifically comprising the following steps that of the method
1), by seismic detector it is arranged near wellsite, residential block engineering, by each seismic detector by wireless aps and calculating
Analysis center is connected, and is sent to the signal collected in real time calculate main frame, needs the district of early warning in wellsite, residential block etc.
Intelligent warning alarm is placed in territory, is connected with calculating main frame by wireless aps by alarm, and the instruction that calculating main frame sends can be real-time
It is sent to intelligent warning alarm；
2), calculate seismic wave acceleration signal F (t) primitively that collected by seismic detector of main frame and be filtered, will primitively
Noise signal unrelated with useful signal in seismic wave acceleration signal F (t) filters, then to seismic wave acceleration primary signal F
T () carries out absolute value process and obtains absolute value acceleration signal Q (t), obtain absolute value acceleration signal Q (t) the front i second
Acceleration amplitude K in signal, i represent seismic detector monitor seismic wave after any time point, i is positive number, is taken the logarithm by Q (t)
Obtain logarithmetics signal P (t), if envelope function y=Bt e-At, wherein A is arbitrary constant, and B is positive number, and e represents that nature is normal
Number, then carries out envelope with envelope function y to the front i second signal of P (t) signal, makes the front i second signal data point of P (t) just exist
The inside of envelope function y, then obtains the value of constant A, B with method of least square, and calculate in this i time second envelope function y with
The area that transverse axis is surrounded, obtains acceleration envelope size S, and S is positive number；
3), filtered seismic wave acceleration primary signal F (t) is obtained to time t integration the original letter of seimic wave velocity
Number V (t), then carries out absolute value and processes and obtain absolute value rate signal R (t) seimic wave velocity primary signal V (t),
Obtain velocity amplitude L in absolute value rate signal R (t) front i second signal, R (t) taken the logarithm and obtains logarithmetics signal U (t),
If envelope functionWherein AvFor arbitrary constant, BvFor positive number, e represents natural constant, then uses envelope letter
Number yvThe front i second signal of U (t) signal is carried out envelope, makes the front i second signal data point of U (t) just at envelope function yvInterior
Portion, then obtains constant A with method of least squarev、BvValue, and calculate envelope function y in this i time secondvSurrounded with transverse axis
Area, obtains velocity envolop area E, and E is positive number；
4), speed primary signal V (t) is obtained seismic wave displacement primary signal D (t) to time t integration, then to earthquake
Ripple displacement primary signal D (t) carries out absolute value process and obtains absolute value displacement signal G (t), obtains absolute value displacement letter
Number G (t) front i second signal intrinsic displacement amplitude N, takes the logarithm G (t) and obtains logarithmetics signal H (t), if envelope functionWherein ADFor arbitrary constant, BDFor positive number, e represents natural constant, then uses envelope function yDTo H (t)
The front i second signal of signal carries out envelope, makes the front i second signal data point of H (t) just at envelope function yDInside, then use
Method of least square obtains constant AD、BDValue, and calculate envelope function y in this i time secondDThe area surrounded with transverse axis, obtains
Displacement envelope size W, W are positive number；
5), verify through a large amount of earthquake data statistic analysis, parameter B, B can be usedv、BDCarry out the estimation of epicentral distance △, according to
Existing microseism seismic data storehouse, and calculate the parameter of correspondingly seismic wave in data base, sets up epicentral distance regression estimation formula:
Log △=alogB+blog Bv+clogBD+ d, wherein a, b, c, d are the regression constant obtained by method of least square, for arbitrarily
Constant；
6), verify through a large amount of earthquake data statistic analysis, parameter A, B, A can be usedv、Bv、AD、BD、K、S、L、E、N、W
Carry out Magnitude estimation, according to existing microseism seismic data storehouse, and calculate the parameter of correspondingly seismic wave in data base, set up shake
Level regression estimation formula: Wherein f1、f2、f3、f4、f5、f6、
f7、f8、f9、f10、f11、f12、f13For the regression constant obtained by method of least square, for arbitrary constant, M is estimation earthquake magnitude, and M is
Positive number；
7), calculate main frame carried out a step 1 every 0.1 second), 2), 3) and 4) analysis, calculate relevant parameter, and
Be brought into 5) and 6) in epicentral distance, in magnitude calculation formula, calculate epicentral distance, an earthquake magnitude, according in front 0～i second constantly
The earthquake magnitude of estimation, when estimation magnitude M exceedes the threshold value of a certain setting, calculates main frame and early warning signal sends to warning dress immediately
Put, send warning in advance in several seconds to tens seconds before ruinous earthquake principal earthquake arrives, allow people take urgent measure；
8), start to be filled to monitor to set up data base close to geological data during threshold value earthquake magnitude from well head, and by this section
The monitoring time was a time period to be divided into some equal portions by 30 days, obtains equal time period some time, takes each time period
Inside monitor meansigma methods and the time period midrange of earthquake magnitude, utilize method of least square to obtain Forecasting scale of seismic magnitude formula: Mest=pT+q,
Wherein p, q are the regression constant utilizing method of least square to obtain, and are arbitrary constant, MestFor predicting earthquake magnitude, for positive count, T
For Occurence Time of Earthquakes, for positive count, utilize this formula, next stage possible earthquake magnitude can be predicted.
Claims (1)
1. during fracturing causes hot dry rock, there is early warning and the Forecasting Methodology of microseism, specifically comprising the following steps that of the method
1), by seismic detector it is arranged near wellsite, residential block engineering, by each seismic detector by wireless aps and computational analysis
Center is connected, and is sent to the signal collected in real time calculate main frame, needs in wellsite, residential block etc. the region of early warning to put
Putting intelligent warning alarm, be connected with calculating main frame by wireless aps by alarm, the instruction that calculating main frame sends can send in real time
To intelligent warning alarm；
2), seismic wave acceleration signal F (t) primitively that seismic detector is collected by calculating main frame is filtered, by seismic wave primitively
Noise signal unrelated with useful signal in acceleration signal F (t) filters, and then enters seismic wave acceleration primary signal F (t)
The absolute value of row processes and obtains absolute value acceleration signal Q (t), obtains absolute value acceleration signal Q (t) front i second signal
Interior acceleration amplitude K, i represent seismic detector monitor seismic wave after any time point, i is positive number, and being taken the logarithm by Q (t) obtains
Logarithmetics signal P (t), if envelope function y=Bt e-At, wherein A is arbitrary constant, and B is positive number, and e represents natural constant, so
With envelope function y, the front i second signal of P (t) signal is carried out envelope afterwards, make the front i second signal data point of P (t) just at envelope
The inside of function y, then obtains the value of constant A, B, and calculates envelope function y and transverse axis in this i time second with method of least square
The area surrounded, obtains acceleration envelope size S, and S is positive number；
3), filtered seismic wave acceleration primary signal F (t) is obtained seimic wave velocity primary signal V to time t integration
T (), then carries out absolute value process and obtains absolute value rate signal R (t), obtain seimic wave velocity primary signal V (t)
Definitely velocity amplitude L in value rate signal R (t) front i second signal, takes the logarithm R (t) and obtains logarithmetics signal U (t), if bag
Network functionWherein AvFor arbitrary constant, BvFor positive number, e represents natural constant, then uses envelope function yvRight
The front i second signal of U (t) signal carries out envelope, makes the front i second signal data point of U (t) just at envelope function yvInside, so
Constant A is obtained afterwards with method of least squarev、BvValue, and calculate envelope function y in this i time secondvThe area surrounded with transverse axis,
Obtaining velocity envolop area E, E is positive number；
4), speed primary signal V (t) is obtained seismic wave displacement primary signal D (t) to time t integration, then to seismic wave position
Shifting primary signal D (t) carries out absolute value process and obtains absolute value displacement signal G (t), obtains absolute value displacement signal G
T () front i second signal intrinsic displacement amplitude N, takes the logarithm G (t) and obtains logarithmetics signal H (t), if envelope functionWherein ADFor arbitrary constant, BDFor positive number, e represents natural constant, then uses envelope function yDTo H (t)
The front i second signal of signal carries out envelope, makes the front i second signal data point of H (t) just at envelope function yDInside, then use
Method of least square obtains constant AD、BDValue, and calculate envelope function y in this i time secondDThe area surrounded with transverse axis, obtains
Displacement envelope size W, W are positive number；
5), verify through a large amount of earthquake data statistic analysis, parameter B, B can be usedv、BDCarrying out the estimation of epicentral distance △, epicentral distance is estimated
Calculation formula: log △=alogB+blog Bv+clogBD+ d, wherein a, b, c, d are that the recurrence obtained by method of least square is normal
Number, for arbitrary constant；
6), verify through a large amount of earthquake data statistic analysis, parameter A, B, A can be usedv、Bv、AD、BD, K, S, L, E, N, W shake
Level estimation, Magnitude estimation formula: Wherein f1、f2、f3、
f4、f5、f6、f7、f8、f9、f10、f11、f12、f13For the regression constant obtained by method of least square, for arbitrary constant, M is estimation
Earthquake magnitude, for positive number；
7), calculate main frame carried out a step 1 every 0.1 second), 2), 3) and 4) analysis, calculate relevant parameter, and bring into
To 5) and 6) in epicentral distance, in magnitude calculation formula, calculate epicentral distance, an earthquake magnitude, constantly estimate according in front 0～i second
Earthquake magnitude, when estimation magnitude M exceedes the threshold value of a certain setting, calculate main frame and send early warning signal to alarm device immediately,
Send warning in advance in before ruinous earthquake principal earthquake arrival several seconds to tens seconds, allow people take urgent measure；
8), start to be filled to monitor to set up data base close to geological data during threshold value earthquake magnitude from well head, and this section is monitored
Time was a time period to be divided into some equal portions by 30 days, obtained equal time period some time, took prison in each time period
Measure meansigma methods and the time period midrange of earthquake magnitude, utilize method of least square to obtain Forecasting scale of seismic magnitude formula: Mest=pT+q, wherein
P, q are the regression constant utilizing method of least square to obtain, and are arbitrary constant, MestFor prediction earthquake magnitude, for positive count, T is ground
Shake time of origin, for positive count, utilizes this formula, can predict next stage possible earthquake magnitude.
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| CN108051853A (en) * | 2017-12-02 | 2018-05-18 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of epicentral distance Method of fast estimating based on separate unit station first arrival P ripples |
| CN109425902A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 美钻能源科技(上海)有限公司 | Underwater kit earthquake monitoring device |
| CN111119830A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | Hot dry rock thermal reservoir transformation method for preventing induced earthquake |
| CN111538075A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Hot dry rock exploration method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109425902A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2019-03-05 | 美钻能源科技(上海)有限公司 | Underwater kit earthquake monitoring device |
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| CN111119830A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-08 | 山东科技大学 | Hot dry rock thermal reservoir transformation method for preventing induced earthquake |
| CN111538075A (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2020-08-14 | 中国地质调查局水文地质环境地质调查中心 | Hot dry rock exploration method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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