CN109828235A - A kind of acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder - Google Patents
A kind of acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the acoustic emission source locating methods in a kind of hollow cylinder, comprising the following steps: step 1, a sensor is respectively installed in multiple and different positions on hollow cylinder；Step 2, record different sensors receive the difference of the real time of the P wave signal of acoustic emission source generation；Step 3 chooses node on localization region, calculates the difference of theoretical hourage of the P wave signal of the acoustic emission source generation excited at each node from the node to different sensors；Step 4 judges the departure degree of each node Yu unknown acoustic emission source, the determining the smallest node of departure degree with acoustic emission source, using the node coordinate as the positioning coordinate of acoustic emission source according to the difference of the difference of real time and theoretical hourage.The present invention can more accurately position the acoustic emission source in hollow cylinder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acoustic emission source locating methods in a kind of hollow cylinder.
Background technique
With the lasting propulsion of infrastructure, using the case where large-scale material structure with increase sharply.How structure is determined
Or the fractured zones and concentration stress condition of material internal, it appears more and more important.In recent years, sound emission monitoring technology is made
Effectively there is section for one kind, control can be monitored to material structure.Acoustic emission is a kind of non-destructive testing technology, it is used
Piezoelectric transducer come detect damage increase during the elastic stress wave that emits, supervised to reach and carry out continuously and fully office to structure
It surveys.
Acoustic emission source positioning is one of problem most classical, most basic in acoustic emission monitor(ing).Make in rock mass, machinery at present
Localization method assumes that velocity of wave field is uniform velocity of wave field, by acoustic emission source to the shortest time path two o'clock between sensor
Between shortest distance path (straight line path) replace, and then positioned.However, can be encountered in practical structures special several
What shape, as column body cuts out a cylindrical body.It is known that the spread speed of elastic wave in solids is much larger than air
In.Thus, the shortest time path of the elastic wave between acoustic emission source to sensor will be the curvilinear path for getting around dead zone, without
It is equivalent to the shortest distance path of point-to-point transmission again.If continuing to use traditional localization method carries out acoustic emission source positioning, that will
Seriously affect the precision of positioning.In order to solve this problem, it is necessary to for the cylinder that inside is emptied, propose that one kind can more meet
Wave actual propagation situation, the higher acoustic emission source locating method of precision.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide the acoustic emission source locating method in the completely new hollow cylinder of one kind,
The actual conditions of elastic wave propagation are considered, can more accurately complete to position.
In order to solve the above technical problems, solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: environmental preparation；
A sensor is respectively installed in multiple and different positions on hollow cylinder, and the position of each sensor is known；
Step 2: data acquisition；
The P wave signal that unknown true acoustic emission source generates is received by sensor, records k-th of sensor SkIt receives
The real time of P wave signal isCalculate two sensor SlWith sensor SkReceive the difference of the real time of P wave signal M is the sum for receiving the sensor of P wave signal；
Step 3: theoretical value calculates；
Determine the specific location of dead zone in hollow cylinder；Hollow cylinder is evenly dividing as n cube grid, it will be each
The central point of grid (can also be by each net boundary o'clock as a node, with expanding node quantity, relatively as a node
In using the central point of grid as node, positioning accuracy can further improve), obtain the set comprising n node；For
The irregular hollow cylinder of shape can construct the smallest rectangular body Model that can accommodate the hollow cylinder, this is rectangular
Body Model is evenly dividing as X × Y × Z cube grid, the grid dividing result as the hollow cylinder；At this point, by grid
Central point as node when, node number n=X × Y × Z, using net boundary point as when node, node number n=(X+1)
× (Y+1) × (Z+1), therefore using net boundary point as when node, positioning accuracy is higher.
Respectively by each node P in setxyzPosition is excited as potential acoustic emission source, and carries out following calculate:
Track PxyzTo the theoretical the shortest time path of k-th of sensor, length is denoted asIf PxyzPositioned at open tubular column
In intracorporal dead zone (dead zone is considered as impassable position), then enable
Calculate PxyzThe P wave signal that the acoustic emission source of place's excitation generates is from PxyzTo k-th of sensor SkTheoretical travelling when
Between Wherein C is spread speed of the P wave signal in non-dead zone, is unknown quantity；
Calculate sensor SlWith sensor SkThe theoretical time for receiving P wave signal difference
Step 4: location Calculation；
Introduce DxyzTo describe node PxyzWith the departure degree of unknown acoustic emission source, DxyzCalculation formula are as follows:
When node is located in dead zone, then there is Dxyz=∞；
Corresponding n D will be obtained by n nodexyzValue, and DxyzValue it is bigger, indicate node PxyzWith unknown sound emission
The departure degree in source is bigger, thereby determines that and the smallest node of the departure degree of acoustic emission source (the smallest DxyzIt is worth corresponding section
Point), using the node coordinate as the positioning coordinate of acoustic emission source.
Hollow cylinder is evenly dividing as n cube grid, central point (or boundary point) work of each grid by the present invention
For a node, acoustic emission occurs in imaginary node, and the theoretical the shortest time path of calculate node to sensor believes P wave
Spread speed C number in non-dead zone is substituted into unknown number, obtains the theoretical hourage that P wave signal reaches each sensor.Root again
The real time that P wave signal is received according to the sensor measured acquires the deviation between each node and true acoustic emission source, minimum
The corresponding node coordinate of deviation is the generation coordinate for being considered acoustic emission source.
Further, in step 1,4 or more different locations respectively install a sensor on hollow cylinder.
Further, in step 3, P is tracked using A* algorithm, ant group algorithm or particle swarm algorithmxyzTo k-th of sensor
Theoretical the shortest time path.
Further, in step 3, P is tracked using A* algorithmxyzTo the theoretical the shortest time path of k-th of sensor, and
In A* algorithm search present node next step path node step, the node layer of present node periphery is considered, and to working as prosthomere
Whether therewith h layer of all nodes in point periphery judge the local path direction of itself and present node formation front layer, i.e. layer one by one
The local path direction that certain nodes and present node are formed in layer of the number less than h repeats, and repeats if it exists, then removes these sections
Point, then using remaining node as the possible path node of present node next step, calculated.
Further, the h value is 2,3 or 4.
In practical applications, A* algorithm is generally only considered in extensions path node by the 1st layer of section of present node periphery
Point (26 direction neighborhood node) is as possible path node (descendant node) in next step, i.e., to only considering from present node
The local path in 26 directions, (a) is that 1 node layer of its periphery establishes the floor map of connection in Fig. 1.In order to more effectively
Shortest path is tracked, present invention improves over A* algorithms, and allow present node and the node of surrounding more layers to establish effective connection, so that
Must be more from the direction of the local path of present node, the path of tracking is more accurate.H layers of present node periphery includes
Number of nodes N=(2h+1)3-(2h-1)3.When present node and the foundation of the node of its 2 layers of periphery contact, the possible road of next step
Diameter node shares 124 (first layer 26, the second layer 98).But due to having part in peripheral h layers of the node of present node
The local path direction that node and present node are formed is formed with some nodes in internal layer (layer that the number of plies is less than h) and present node
Local path direction repeat, therefore do not consider that this part of nodes as possible path node in next step, removes this part of nodes
To reduce calculation amount.As shown in figure 1 in (b)~(d), Fig. 2 (c)~(e) respectively illustrate present node and its periphery 2 layers, 3
Layer, 4 node layers establish the floor map of connection, next after removing the duplicate node in direction in plane where present node
Walking possible path node number is respectively 16,32,48.
The utility model has the advantages that
The present invention considers elastic wave actual propagation path in the medium well, tracking elastic wave from acoustic emission source to
The shortest time path that dead zone is got around between sensor, allows it close to true path, and be no longer it is traditional do not meet it is actual
The shortest distance path (linear distance path) of point-to-point transmission, so that the acoustic emission source positioning accuracy in hollow cylinder greatly improves.
Elastic wave can be met when Acoustic Emission location of the present invention and get around the truth that dead zone is propagated, it is easy to operate；Without measured in advance wave
Speed can allow object to be positioned to be positioned in real time to it under operating conditions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the node of A* algorithm expands mode 1 (using grid element center point as node).
Fig. 2 is that the node of A* algorithm expands mode 2 (using grid marginal point as node).
Fig. 3 is the hollow cylinder schematic diagram in embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view after the hollow cylinder grid division in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses the acoustic emission source locating methods in a kind of hollow cylinder, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: environmental preparation；
A sensor is respectively installed in multiple and different positions on hollow cylinder, and the position of each sensor is known；
Step 2: data acquisition；
The P wave signal that unknown true acoustic emission source generates is received by sensor, records k-th of sensor SkIt receives
The real time of P wave signal isCalculate two sensor SlWith sensor SkReceive the difference of the real time of P wave signal M is the sum for receiving the sensor of P wave signal；
Step 3: theoretical value calculates；
Determine the specific location of dead zone in hollow cylinder；Hollow cylinder is evenly dividing as n cube grid, it will be each
The central point of grid (can also be by each net boundary o'clock as a node, with expanding node quantity, relatively as a node
In using the central point of grid as node, positioning accuracy can further improve), obtain the set comprising n node；
Respectively by each node P in setxyzPosition is excited as potential acoustic emission source, and carries out following calculate:
P is tracked using A* algorithmxyzTo the theoretical the shortest time path of k-th of sensor, length is denoted asIf Pxyz
In the intracorporal dead zone of open tubular column (dead zone is considered as impassable position), then enableIt is current in A* algorithm search
In node next step path node step, the h node layer of present node periphery is considered, and to peripheral h layers of the institute of present node
There is node, judges local path direction that itself and present node are formed whether therewith front layer, i.e. certain in layer of the number of plies less than h one by one
The local path direction that a little nodes and present node are formed repeats, and repeats if it exists, then removes these nodes, then by remaining section
Point is calculated as the possible path node of present node next step；.The node of A* algorithm expands mode as schemed in the present invention
Shown in 1 and Fig. 2, g (x) ' is that for possible path node at a distance from present node, unit is that a grid is long in next step in Fig. 1
Degree.
Calculate PxyzThe P wave signal that the acoustic emission source of place's excitation generates is from PxyzTo k-th of sensor SkTheoretical travelling when
Between Wherein C is spread speed of the P wave signal in non-dead zone, is unknown quantity；
Calculate sensor SlWith sensor SkThe theoretical time for receiving P wave signal difference
Step 4: location Calculation；
Introduce DxyzTo describe node PxyzWith the departure degree of unknown acoustic emission source, DxyzCalculation formula are as follows:
When node is located in dead zone, then there is Dxyz=∞；
Corresponding n D will be obtained by n nodexyzValue, and DxyzValue it is bigger, indicate node PxyzWith unknown sound emission
The departure degree in source is bigger, thereby determines that and the smallest node of the departure degree of acoustic emission source (the smallest DxyzIt is worth corresponding section
Point), using the node coordinate as the positioning coordinate of acoustic emission source.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, the surface of hollow cylinder is a regular cuboid, size 100*100*100, inside
Cut out a cylindrical body.Its perspective view and sectional view are as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.The present embodiment arranges six sensors, coordinate point
It Wei not S1(8,8,100), S2(92,8,100), S3(8,92,100), S4(80,0,20), S5(100,92,20) and S6(20,
100,20), unit is mm.
The expansion mode that Fig. 2 is used in the subsequent experimental of the present embodiment, expands number of plies h=4.
Disconnected lead sample is carried out in O (20,40,400) and P (40,80,100).Then data are shown in Table the P wave of sensor record
1。
At the time of the P wave of each acoustic emission source of table 1 excitation reaches sensor
Location Calculation is carried out with new method without testing the speed in advance with traditional respectively, and calculates positioning result and acoustic emission source
The absolute error D of actual position:
Wherein, (X, Y, Z) is the position that location Calculation obtains, (X0, Y0, Z0) it is acoustic emission source actual position.
Result is recorded in table 2.
The positioning result of 2 two kinds of localization methods of table
From table 2 it can be seen that the positioning result of new method is than the positioning result of conventional method in acoustie emission event
Accurately.Thus on the whole, the positioning accuracy of new method on the whole is better than conventional method.From part, new method
Maximum microseism/AE seismic source location absolute error is 4mm, much smaller than the 13.4mm of conventional method.Thus, in terms of positioning accuracy,
New method has preferable advantage compared with conventional method.
Claims (5)
1. the acoustic emission source locating method in a kind of hollow cylinder, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1: environmental preparation；
A sensor is respectively installed in multiple and different positions on hollow cylinder, and the position of each sensor is known；
Step 2: data acquisition；
The P wave signal that unknown true acoustic emission source generates is received by sensor, records k-th of sensor SkReceive P wave letter
Number real time beCalculate two sensor SlWith sensor SkReceive the difference of the real time of P wave signal M is the sum for receiving the sensor of P wave signal；
Step 3: theoretical value calculates；
Determine the specific location of dead zone in hollow cylinder；Hollow cylinder is evenly dividing as n cube grid, by each grid
Central point as a node, obtain one include n node set；
Respectively by each node P in setxyzPosition is excited as potential acoustic emission source, and carries out following calculate:
Track PxyzTo the theoretical the shortest time path of k-th of sensor, length is denoted asIf PxyzIn hollow cylinder
Dead zone in, then enable
Calculate PxyzThe P wave signal that the acoustic emission source of place's excitation generates is from PxyzTo k-th of sensor SkTheoretical hourage Wherein C is spread speed of the P wave signal in non-dead zone, is unknown quantity；
Calculate sensor SlWith sensor SkThe theoretical time for receiving P wave signal difference
Step 4: location Calculation；
Introduce DxyzTo describe node PxyzWith the departure degree of unknown acoustic emission source, DxyzCalculation formula are as follows:
DxyzValue it is bigger, indicate node PxyzIt is bigger with the departure degree of unknown acoustic emission source, it thereby determines that and acoustic emission source
The smallest node of departure degree, using the node coordinate as the positioning coordinate of acoustic emission source.
2. the acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1,
4 or more different locations respectively install a sensor on hollow cylinder.
3. the acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that using A* algorithm,
Ant group algorithm or particle swarm algorithm track PxyzTo the theoretical the shortest time path of k-th of sensor.
4. the acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that chased after using A* algorithm
Track PxyzTo the theoretical the shortest time path of k-th of sensor, and in A* algorithm search present node next step path node step
In, consider the h node layer of present node periphery, and to h layer of all nodes in present node periphery, judge one by one its with currently
Therewith whether front layer, the i.e. number of plies are less than what certain nodes and present node in the layer of h were formed in the local path direction that node is formed
Local path direction repeats, and repeats if it exists, then removes these nodes, then in next step can using remaining node as present node
The path node of energy, is calculated.
5. the acoustic emission source locating method in hollow cylinder according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the h value is
2,3 or 4.
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| CN111221036A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-02 | 中南大学 | Target area seismic source positioning method and system containing unknown cavity |
| CN111221034A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-06-02 | 山东黄金矿业股份有限公司新城金矿 | Mine micro seismic source positioning method and simulation inspection system |
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