CN103790583B - Geological prediction method based on inertia measurement parameters - Google Patents
Geological prediction method based on inertia measurement parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN103790583B CN103790583B CN201410066819.8A CN201410066819A CN103790583B CN 103790583 B CN103790583 B CN 103790583B CN 201410066819 A CN201410066819 A CN 201410066819A CN 103790583 B CN103790583 B CN 103790583B
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Abstract
In order to detect ore resources and geological disasters or replace drill bits in time according to the influence of different geological conditions on motion of the drill bits, the invention provides a geological prediction method in a multi-dimensional time sequence segmented mode based on inertia measurement parameters. The method includes the steps that acquired signals are segmented, after the data are compensated, a multi-dimensional time sequence is converted into a one-dimensional time sequence through a multi-parameter ARMA model, and newly-acquired data are substituted into P1 after being processed according to a first segment data calculation geological mode, the matching degree of the data and the geological mode P1 is judged through the Euclidean distance, if the data and the geological mode P1 are matched, it is shown that the drill bits are still in the same geological condition, if the data and the geological mode P1 are partially matched, it is shown that the drill bits enter a geological overlapped region; if the data and the geological mode P1 are not matched at all, it is shown that the drill bits enter a new geological condition, a geological mode P2 is built according to the data, and multiple geological modes P3, P4... Pi are repeatedly calculated in this way; the size and the position of a geological region are calculated by combining position information, and the type of the geological region is predicted by combining instance geological data. The method is simple, easy to achieve and high in reliability, and other sensors do not need to be additionally arranged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to inertia measurement while drilling field, the Geological Prediction method particularly in drilling well, probing and boring.
Technical background
Drilling well, probing and boring need predict geological information, judge whether mineral resources or the disaster geology sought
(as gas), or the corresponding drill bit of replacing is crept into (different geology needs different drill bits drillings) in time.
Because drill bit environment is very severe, especially temperature is high and impact shock is severe.
Present geological survey method mainly has resistivity method, activity method, (surpassing) sonic method, nuclear magnetic resonance method and (close
Degree) imaging method etc., volume is big, high cost and be affected by the external environment big.
The magnetic environment of drill bit is sufficiently complex, by uhf electromagnetic wave and the change of acoustic measurement geological stratification, due to actual
Geology bed boundary will not be very clear, may lead to larger measurement error.
The method also having drilling earthquake, predicts geological information by vibration signal, typically passes through drillstring vibrations or ground
Vibration, if drilling is very deep, the data of collection has a much noise, and vibration signal potentially includes and produced by dynamic excitation
Acceleration of vibration that acceleration of vibration, different geologic(al) factor produce and acceleration of gravity signal etc., have certain chaotic property and
Randomness, signal characteristic is not so obvious, and belongs to weak signal, using filtering or the method decomposed be difficult to true extract by
The vibration signal that geologic(al) factor produces, because every kind of filtering or decomposition method all have certain use condition, therefore leans on completely
Vibration signal is possibly inaccurate to predict geological information.
Correlational analysis method using vibration signal predicts geology, and correlation analysiss are a kind of analyses of uncertainty, are one
Plant statistical concept.Because vibration signal is that many factors cause, there is randomness, if directly using the related letter of vibration
Number method, it is possible that larger discrepancy.In addition, carrying out on the basis of being also based on correlation function using power spectral-density analysis
, if oscillation power spectrum statistics shows as the simple relation curve of power spectral density frequency, that is to predict geology
, but actually very complicated.
Because different geology causes meeting drill bit movement Parameters variation, in order to accurate prediction geological information, and
Small volume, low cost and vibration resistance are strong, the inertia measurement parameter providing in conjunction with MEMS inertia measurement-while-drilling system, and design is a kind of
Geological Prediction method based on vibration, angular velocity, speed, position and instance data.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to MEMS inertial navigation technology is combined together with geological survey technology, design a kind of base
In the Geological Prediction method of inertia measurement parameter, realize finding in time resource, early warning and whether more bit change.
To achieve these goals, design MEMS inertia measurement-while-drilling system, the angular velocity to gyroscope output and acceleration
That spends meter output acceleration carries out signal processing and resolving, obtains acceleration, angular velocity, speed and positional information.Different geology
The a series of change such as rate of penetration, acceleration, angular velocity can be caused, design is based on acceleration, angular velocity, speed and position
The Geological Prediction method of multidimensional time-series segmented model.
Inertia measurement-while-drilling system includes signal acquisition module, signal processing and prediction module and transport module three part.
Signal acquisition module includes triaxial accelerometer, three-axis gyroscope, temperature sensor and amplifier section.Consider drill bit institute
The environment at place is especially severe, need to improve impact resistance and reduce volume, sensor is all using MEMS solid state sensor.
, in order to measure the acceleration signal in three axial directions of drill bit, three-axis gyroscope is in order to measure brill for three axis accelerometer
Angular velocity in three axial directions of head, thermometer is used for the temperature-compensating of gyroscope and accelerometer.
Signal processing includes signal processing and Geological Prediction with the function of prediction module.
Signal processing：The acceleration of drill bit and angular velocity signal carry out temperature-compensating, carry out wavelet filtering process, Ran Houtong
The integration crossing acceleration obtains rate signal and position signalling.
The multidimensional time-series segmented model based on acceleration, angular velocity, speed and position for the described Geological Prediction
Geological Prediction method：The acceleration signal gathering, angular velocity signal and rate signal, often gatherLength data is one
Section, often slidesNumber takes once average, elimination incidental error.
Consider the relatedness between acceleration, angular velocity and Velocity Time sequence, set up slip autoregression model,
Carry out model parameter estimation and error detection, multidimensional time-series are switched to One-dimension Time Series, wherein
For different data segments.
Geology is divided into different patterns：Pattern, pattern、, pattern, each pattern represents a kind of geology.
The 1st section of data of collection, through average andAfter models treated, as the 1st section of data, after
The of phase collectionThe data of section, also pass through average andAfter models treated, form theDifferent pieces of information section.
According to the 1st section of data, establishment model function, obtain the 1st kind of Geological Mode.
Because in same geology, time serieses can be consistent substantially, so adopting linear segmented mode function, profit
With least-squares estimation mode function parameter.
The 2nd section of dataBring mode function into, obtain.
CalculateWithBetween similarity, with Euclidean distanceTo measure.
?It is normalized, because data has certain error it is considered to error component, add an error factor
, that is,,For maximum Euclidean distance.
Illustrate and Geological ModeCoupling, is considered as identical geology；Illustrate and geology
PatternPart is mated, and is considered as partly identical geology overlappingly matter；Illustrate i.e. and Geological ModeNot
Join, be considered as different geology.
IfWithBetween similar, explanationWith Geological ModeCoupling, and then calculateWith Geological Mode
Whether mate, until calculating theThe data of sectionWith Geological ModePart is mated, and illustrates that now drill bit enters overlappingly
Matter region.
Calculate the furtherThe data of sectionWith Geological ModeMatching degree, until theThe data of sectionGeological ModeMismatch.
According toThe data of section, establishment model function, obtain the 2nd kind of Geological Mode.
Continue to go out the 3rd kind of Geological Mode according to the data segment cycle calculations of collection, the 4th kind of Geological Mode, Yi JiPlant Geological Mode.
In the Geological Mode calculatingIn be possible to identical, calculate thePlant Geological ModeWith former Geological Mode
Similarity, can be according to the coefficient contrast judgement of mode function, using euclidean distance metric similarity, when the threshold less than setting
ValueWhen, that is, geology is identical.
In conjunction with the position of drilling, predict the position of overlapping region, according toWithThe position in moment, calculates geology overlay region
Domain size.
In conjunction with the position of drilling, the position of prediction geologic province；According to 1 HeThe position in moment, calculates the 1st geologic province
Size, calculate other geologic province size and locations by that analogy.
In conjunction with example geologic data, the data gathering in drilling process in the past, or the different geology of construction are bored
Enter, the data of collection, as instance data, is selected common geological stratification in some probings, such as bored data, the number of silt layer of layer of sand
According to, the data of the data of glutinous mud layer, the data of water layer, the data in coal seam, the data of oil reservoir, the data of gas-bearing formation, various lithosphere
Data Deng other geological stratifications.
Example Geological Mode is set up according to instance data、、、、、、、、.
If drill bit drilling geology is identical with example geology, that is, Geological Mode is identical, due to the presence of error, leads to
Coefficient has some difference.
The Geological Mode that data according to collection calculates, the coefficient contrast judgement with example Geological Mode function, using Europe
The similarity of two kinds of Geological Modes of family name's distance metric, because two-mode can not possibly be identical, arranges an error factor, when
Euclidean distance is less thanWhen, you can to predict that with example geology be identical.
Initial data and processing data are delivered to signal transmission module.
It is an advantage of the current invention that (1) the method is simply easily achieved；(2) consider acceleration, angular velocity, speed and position
Parameter is better using vibration signal prediction geology than single；(3) make use of instance data, predict the outcome more reliable；(4) without attached
Plus other sensors, the parameters that the offer of inertia measurement-while-drilling system all needs.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the inertia measurement-while-drilling system structure chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Geological Prediction method flow diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment below in conjunction with the brief description present invention.
As shown in figure 1, inertia measurement-while-drilling system includes signal acquisition module, signal processing and prediction module and signal passes
Defeated module.
Signal acquisition module adopts integration module GY-9150, built-in chip type 16bit AD converter, 16 data outputs
(13, magnetic field), Direct Digital IIC interface, gyroscope measurement range is adjustable：± 250, ± 500, ± 1000 and ± 2000O/ s,
Acceleration analysis scope：±2、±4、±8、±16g.Accelerometer maximum certainty of measurement is 0.06mg, the maximum measurement of gyroscope
Precision is 0.008O/ s, magnetometer survey precision is 0.02uT, built-in MEMS temperature sensor, and very high heat stability is (easily
In temperature-compensating) and close side-play amount tolerance limit, the impact antivibration of anti-10000g (drill bit can be avoided to get into the hard thing such as rock
Sensor degradation is made on body), noise very low (signal of measurement is real signal), price are low, low in energy consumption and small volume
(4mm×4mm×1.5mm).
Data processing and prediction module, using based on TMS320C6713 kernel processor chip, realize inertia measurement while drilling system
The signal processing of system and Geological Prediction.
With prediction module, last layer insulating moulding coating is sprayed to signal acquisition module and signal processing, reduces ambient temperature to gyro
Instrument and the impact of accelerometer；Additionally use adhesive to reinforce acquisition module and process and prediction module circuit, improve antivibration energy
Power and reliability.
Transport module adopts heatproof optical fiber bidirectional to communicate.
For signal processing, first system initialization, including drill bit movement data (speed, position and azimuth), setting
Inertial coodinate system and drill bit moving coordinate system；Measure the acceleration of motion of drill bit by accelerometer in real timeSurvey with by gyroscope
The angular velocity of amount drill bit, the temperature using built-in thermometer output carries out data temperature compensation, using wavelet transformation removal
Constant value deviation；Speed is obtained by integrated accelerationAnd position.
Different geology can cause a series of change such as rate of penetration, acceleration, angular velocity, is making full use of inertia with brill
The measurement parameter that measuring system provides, the multidimensional time-series segmented model based on acceleration, angular velocity, speed and position for the design
Geological Prediction method, such as Fig. 2.
The acceleration signal gathering, angular velocity signal and rate signal, often gatherLength data is one section, often slidesNumber takes once averagely, to eliminate incidental error.
Time series data is constituted by acceleration, angular velocity and speed there is higher-dimension, complexity, dynamic, height in itself
Noise and easily reach large-scale characteristic, amount of calculation very huge it is difficult to realize, then withDo averagely for a unit, number
It is reduced to according to length.
Consider the relatedness between acceleration, angular velocity and Velocity Time sequence, set up according to slip autoregression model, carry out model parameter estimation and error detection, multidimensional time-series switched to One-dimension Time Series, whereinFor different data segments,ForData segmentIndividual data.
Geology is divided into different patterns：Pattern, pattern、, pattern, each pattern represents a kind of geology.
The 1st section of data of collection, through average andAfter models treated, as the 1st section of data, after
The of phase collectionThe data of section, also pass through average andAfter models treated, form theDifferent pieces of information section, whereinIt is expressed asData segment,Be from 1 toChange, that is, each data segment comprisesIndividual data.
According to the 1st section of data, establishment model function, obtain the 1st kind of Geological Mode.
Because the time serieses characteristic in same geology can be consistent substantially, so adopting linear segmented pattern letter
Number, using least-squares estimation mode function parameterWith.
The 2nd section of dataBring mode function into, obtain.
CalculateWithBetween similarity, with Euclidean distanceTo measure.
?It is normalized, because data has certain error it is considered to error component, add an error factor, that is,,For maximum Euclidean distance.
Illustrate and Geological ModeCoupling, is considered as identical geology；Illustrate and geology
PatternPart is mated, and is considered as partly identical geology overlappingly matter；Illustrate i.e. and Geological ModeNot
Join, be considered as different geology.
IfWithBetween similar, explanationWith Geological ModeCoupling, and then calculateWith Geological Mode
Whether mate, until calculating theThe data of sectionWith Geological ModePart is mated, and illustrates that now drill bit enters overlappingly
Matter region.
Calculate the furtherThe data of sectionWith Geological ModeMatching degree, until to theThe data of sectionGeological ModeMismatch.
According toThe data of section, establishment model function, obtain the 2nd kind of Geological Mode.
Continue to go out the 3rd kind of Geological Mode according to the data segment cycle calculations of collection, the 4th kind of Geological Mode, Yi JiPlant Geological Mode.
In the Geological Mode calculatingIn be possible to identical, calculate thePlant Geological ModeWith former ground
The similarity of matter pattern, can be according to the coefficient contrast judgement of mode function, the Euclidean distance of computation schema coefficient, wherein、、、For、Segmented model function parameter,, utilizeMeasured similarity, when the threshold value less than settingWhen, that is, geology is identical.
Position in conjunction with drilling, the position of prediction overlapping region, according toWithThe position in momentWith, calculate
Geology overlapping region size.
Position in conjunction with drilling, the position of prediction geologic province；According to 1 HeThe position in momentWith, calculate the
The size of 1 geologic province, calculate other geologic province size and locations by that analogy.
In conjunction with example geologic data, the data gathering in drilling process in the past, or bore to constructing different geology
Enter, the data of collection, as instance data, is selected common geological stratification in some probings, such as bored data, the number of silt layer of layer of sand
According to, the data of the data of glutinous mud layer, the data of water layer, the data in coal seam, the data of oil reservoir, the data of gas-bearing formation, various lithosphere
Data Deng other geological stratifications.
Example Geological Mode is set up according to instance data(、、、、、、、、).
If drill bit drilling geology is identical with example geology, that is, Geological Mode is identical, due to the presence of error, leads to
Coefficient has some difference.
The Geological Mode that data according to collection in drilling process calculates, with example Geological Mode functionBe
Number contrast judgement, using the similarity of two kinds of Geological Modes of euclidean distance metric, because two-mode can not possibly be identical, setting
One error factor, when Euclidean distance is less thanWhen, you can to predict that with example geology be identical.
If similar to example lithosphere, can be any rock directly as this lithosphere on earth without understanding
Layer, because they simply have similar impact (judging whether more bit change) to drill bit, if Geological Mode and example Geological Model
Formula does not have similar, possibly unknown layer is described, without being concerned about it, because these are not meant to the resource layer looked for.
Finally illustrate is that above case study on implementation is merely to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, can be to this
Bright modify or change, without deviating from the scope of the technical program, its all should cover scope of the presently claimed invention work as
In.
Claims (5)
1. the Geological Prediction method based on inertia measurement parameter is it is characterised in that described Geological Prediction method comprises the steps：
(1), the acceleration signal gathering, angular velocity signal and rate signal, often gatherLength data is one section, often slidesNumber
Take once average, eliminate incidental error, data length is reduced to；(2) according to slip autoregression model multi-dimensional time
Sequence switchs to One-dimension Time Series, whereinFor different data segments；(3) according to the data processing,
Using linear segmented mode function, using least-squares estimation mode function parameter, with European similar away from measurement pattern function
Property, it is normalized, and considers certain error, to judge whether Geological Mode mates, if coupling explanation geology phase
With, the overlapping geology of part coupling explanation, mismatch explanation geology different, you can set up thePlant Geological Mode；Equally, according to
Instance data sets up example Geological Mode, each pattern represents a kind of geology；(4) utilize euclidean distance metric example geology
PatternThe Geological Mode calculating with the data according to collectionSimilarity judging geology；(5) combine drill position calculations
Geologic province size and location.
2. the Geological Prediction method based on inertia measurement parameter according to claim 1, (3) its step is characterised by setting up
The step of Geological Mode includes：1. the data according to the 1st data segment, establishment model function, obtain the 1st kind
Geological Mode；2. because the time serieses characteristic in same geology can be consistent substantially, using linear segmented pattern
Function, using least-squares estimation mode function parameterWith；3. the data of the 2nd data segmentBand
Enter mode function, obtain；4. calculateWithBetween similarity, with Euclidean distanceTo measure；5.Be normalized, due to data have certain error it is considered to error because
Element, adds an error factor, that is,,For maximum Euclidean distance；⑥Explanation
With Geological ModeCoupling, is considered as identical geology；Illustrate and Geological ModePart is mated, and is considered as part
Identical geology overlappingly matter；Illustrate i.e. and Geological ModeMismatch, be considered as different geology；If 7.WithBetween similar, explanationWith Geological ModeCoupling, and then calculateWith Geological ModeWhether mate, directly
To calculatingThe data of data segmentWith Geological ModePart is mated, and illustrates that now drill bit enters overlapping geologic province；
8. calculate the furtherThe data of data segmentWith Geological ModeThe degree of coupling, until to theData segment
DataGeological ModeMismatch；9. according toThe data of data segment, establishment model function, obtain
To the 2nd kind of Geological Mode, continue to go out the 3rd kind of Geological Mode according to the data segment cycle calculations of collection, the 4th kind of Geological Model
Formula, Yi JiPlant Geological Mode.
3. the Geological Prediction method based on inertia measurement parameter according to claim 2,9. its step is characterised by meter
The Geological Mode calculatedIn be possible to identical, calculate thePlant Geological ModeWith the similarity of former Geological Mode, can root
According to the coefficient contrast judgement of mode function, the Euclidean distance of computation schema coefficient, its
In, utilizeMeasured similarity, when the threshold value less than settingWhen, that is, geology is identical.
4. the Geological Prediction method based on inertia measurement parameter according to claim 1, (5) its step is characterised by 1. tying
The position that bench drill enters, the position of prediction overlapping region, according toWithThe position in momentWith, calculate geology overlay region
Domain size；2. combine the position of drilling, the position of prediction geologic province, according to 1 HeThe position in momentWith, calculate the size of the 1st geologic province；3. other geologic province size and locations are calculated by that analogy.
5. the Geological Prediction method based on inertia measurement parameter according to claim 1, (4) its step is characterised by 1. tying
Close example geologic data, the data gathering in drilling process in the past, or to construction, different geology are crept into, and are acquired
Data, as instance data, selects common geological stratification in some probings, the such as data of brill layer of sand, the data of silt layer, glutinous mud layer
Data, the data of water layer, the data in coal seam, the data of oil reservoir, the data of gas-bearing formation, the data of various lithosphere with similar or
The data of unknown geological stratification；2. example Geological Mode is set up according to instance data(、、、、、、、、)；If 3. drill bit drilling geology is identical with example geology, that is, Geological Mode is identical, according to collection
The Geological Mode that data calculates, with example Geological Mode functionCoefficient contrast judgement, using two kinds of euclidean distance metric
The similarity of Geological Mode, because two-mode can not possibly be identical, arranges an error factor, when Euclidean distance is less thanWhen, you can to predict that with example geology be identical；If 4. similar to example lithosphere, can be directly as this rock
Layer, is any lithosphere without understanding on earth, because they simply have similar impact to drill bit, judges whether to change and bores
Head, if Geological Mode and example Geological Mode do not have similar, illustrates possibly unknown layer, without being concerned about it, because this
It is not meant to the resource layer looked for a bit.
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| CN106156452A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-11-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of Reservoir Analysis method |
| EP3334897B1 (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2023-07-26 | Services Pétroliers Schlumberger | Bore penetration data matching |
| CN110101388B (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2022-02-18 | 南京东奇智能制造研究院有限公司 | Portable spine measuring instrument and method based on MIMU |
| CN112489162B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-06-06 | 河南理工大学 | Method for forecasting coal seam geology and drawing sectional view of large-scale micro-unit coal seam |
| CN113433154B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2024-02-13 | 中国矿业大学 | Geologic body water content testing system based on nuclear magnetic resonance sensor and 5G communication |
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| CN101012745A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2007-08-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for measurement of oil gas well bore track |
| CN101676520A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-24 | 上海市电力公司 | Horizontal guiding drill while-drilling acoustic wave imaging detection early warning system and detection method thereof |
| CN202008367U (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-10-12 | 北京中兵泰克科技有限公司 | Parameter resolving circuit of micro-attitude reference system |
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| CN101012745A (en) * | 2007-02-07 | 2007-08-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for measurement of oil gas well bore track |
| CN101676520A (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-03-24 | 上海市电力公司 | Horizontal guiding drill while-drilling acoustic wave imaging detection early warning system and detection method thereof |
| CN202008367U (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-10-12 | 北京中兵泰克科技有限公司 | Parameter resolving circuit of micro-attitude reference system |
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