CN109031419A - A kind of method and system for picking up microseism first arrival - Google Patents
A kind of method and system for picking up microseism first arrival Download PDFInfo
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- CN109031419A CN109031419A CN201810841073.1A CN201810841073A CN109031419A CN 109031419 A CN109031419 A CN 109031419A CN 201810841073 A CN201810841073 A CN 201810841073A CN 109031419 A CN109031419 A CN 109031419A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/624—Reservoir parameters
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and system for picking up microseism first arrival, are applied to micro-seismic monitoring.The method include that the micro-seismic monitoring signal to acquisition carries out shearing wave conversion；Time frequency analysis is carried out to microseism data monitoring data, the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal is determined, determines the shearing wave coefficient in useful signal direction corresponding to durection component under different scale；The correlation for calculating the shearing wave coefficient of the useful signal corresponding direction determines the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction and the useful signal direction according to maximum correlation；According to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction, seeks STA/LTA and pick up curve, determine microseism signal first arrival time.The accuracy of microseism first break pickup is greatly improved, and accelerates pickup velocity, and then ensures the real-time of first break picking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geology monitoring field more particularly to a kind of method and system for picking up microseism first arrival
Background technique
When subsurface boring, digging the destructively bed rock stone structure such as mine, can all cause microseism, microseism be it is a kind of small-sizedly
Shake activity.Microseism can all be monitored by generally carrying out pressure break to underground, to obtain underground state.And pick up microseism P wave first arrival
It is of great significance to seismic source location, FRACTURE PREDICTION, seismic source rupture mechanism analysis, thus picks up microseism first arrival extremely have must
It wants.
Currently, for the microseism signal monitored, it will usually after handling microseism signal by Wavelet transformation, pass through list
One recognition mode first break picking, since microseism signal-to-noise ratio is low, and the bad this mode of wavelet decomposition directionality causes to pick up essence
Exactness is lower, and based on after Shearlet conversion process microseism initial signal, it will usually high-order measurement Law is used, in single ruler
Degree is picked up by kurtosis Functional Analysis, but the real-time processing speed of this mode is slower, it is difficult to ensure requirement of real-time.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and system for picking up microseism first arrival, can fast and accurately pick up micro-
The P wave first arrival of earthquake.
The embodiment of the present invention in a first aspect, provide it is a kind of pick up microseism first arrival method, this method comprises:
S1, acquisition micro-seismic monitoring signal；
S2, shearing wave conversion is carried out to the micro-seismic monitoring signal, obtain the shearing wave of different scale and different directions
Transformation coefficient；
S3, time frequency analysis is carried out to microseism data monitoring data, determines the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal, and according to micro-
The dominant frequency of earthquake useful signal determines the shearing wave in useful signal direction corresponding to durection component under different scale respectively
Coefficient；
S4, the correlation for calculating useful signal shearing wave coefficient in direction corresponding to direction vector under different scale
Property, according to the maximum correlation of shearing wave coefficient corresponding to useful signal direction vector under different scale, determine institute
State the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in useful signal direction and the useful signal direction；
S5, according to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction, seek STA/LTA and pick up curve, described in judgement
Picking up the curve acquirement maximum value corresponding time is microseism signal first arrival time.
In the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of system for picking up microseism first arrival is provided, which includes:
Acquisition module: for acquiring micro-seismic monitoring signal；
Conversion module: for carrying out shearing wave conversion to the micro-seismic monitoring signal, different scale and non-Tongfang are obtained
To shearing wave transformation coefficient；
Confirmation module: for carrying out time frequency analysis to microseism data monitoring data, the master of microseism useful signal is determined
Frequently, and according to the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal, determine the useful signal under different scale corresponding to durection component respectively
The shearing wave coefficient in direction；
Computing module: for calculating the shearing wave system in useful signal direction corresponding to direction vector under different scale
Several correlation, according to the maximal correlation of shearing wave coefficient corresponding to useful signal direction vector under different scale
Property, determine the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction and the useful signal direction.
Determination module: for seeking STA/LTA and picking up song according to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction
Line determines that the pickup curve acquirement maximum value corresponding time is microseism signal first arrival time.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that
In the embodiment of the present invention, multiple dimensioned, multidirectional signal is obtained by Shearlet transformation, obtains useful signal pair
After the Shearlet coefficient answered, useful signal first arrival time is picked up by STA/LTA algorithm.Allow to by Shearlet
Transformation obtains multi-direction signal after decomposing, and ensures the extraction of useful signal, and then improve the accuracy picked up, and is based on STA/
LTA can greatly improve pickup velocity, and then ensure the real-time of first break picking.
Detailed description of the invention
It to describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to embodiment or description of the prior art
Needed in attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only of the invention some
Embodiment for those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative labor, can also be according to these
Attached drawing obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the method one embodiment flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention for picking up microseism first arrival；
Fig. 2 is the system one embodiment structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention for picking up microseism first arrival.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method and system for picking up microseism first arrival, at the beginning of picking up microseism P wave
Extremely, it provides and picks up accuracy and real-time.
In order to make the invention's purpose, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and easy to understand, below in conjunction with the present invention
Attached drawing in embodiment, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that disclosed below
Embodiment be only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
Those of ordinary skill's all other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to protection of the present invention
Range.
Referring to Fig. 1, one embodiment flow chart of the method for the pickup microseism first arrival provided in the embodiment of the present invention
Include:
S101, acquisition micro-seismic monitoring signal；
The micro-seismic monitoring signal can be collected by monitoring instrument, especially by sensor collection microseism signal,
It is simulated again by instrument and generates digital signal or analog signal.
S102, shearing wave conversion is carried out to the micro-seismic monitoring signal, obtain the shearing of different scale and different directions
Wave conversion coefficient；
The shearing wave conversion, that is, Shearlet transformation, is generally used for multiple dimensioned signal decomposition, described in the present invention micro-
It include the interference signals such as noise in seismic monitoring signal, it is decomposable multiple dimensioned out by Shearlet transformation, different directions
Useful signal and noise can guarantee the accuracy of signal extraction in this way.
Specifically, carrying out Shearlet transformation according to formula (1) and formula (2)
Wherein, a ∈ R+, s ∈ R, t ∈ R2, f expression frequency；
Wherein, a,a∈R+, s ∈ R, t ∈ R2, Ma,sFor the matrix that stretches；S is shear parameters, a
For scale parameter, t is translation parameters.
S103, time frequency analysis is carried out to microseism data monitoring data, determines the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal, and according to
The dominant frequency of microseism useful signal determines the shearing in useful signal direction corresponding to durection component under different scale respectively
Wave system number；
The microseism data monitoring data, that is, microseism signal set, history micro-seismic monitoring signal frequency division when passing through
Analysis can determine the dominant frequency of useful signal in microseism, according to the dominant frequency of useful signal can determine current microseism signal not
With shearing wave coefficient corresponding on scale and different directions.
Optionally, the size of the corresponding shearing wave coefficient is determined according to the frequency of useful signal height.
S104, the correlation for calculating useful signal shearing wave coefficient in direction corresponding to direction vector under different scale
Property, according to the maximum correlation of shearing wave coefficient corresponding to useful signal direction vector under different scale, determine institute
State the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in useful signal direction and the useful signal direction；
Optionally, step S104 is specifically included:
S1, the correlation that the shearing wave coefficient of corresponding direction described in direction vector under different scale is calculated according to formula (1):
Correlation (k)=U (j, k) * U (j+1, k) (1)
Wherein, U indicates that shearing wave coefficient, j indicate that scale, k indicate direction；
S2, corresponding direction k is maximized as useful signal direction according to Correlation (k), and obtains direction k
Corresponding shearing wave coefficient；
S3, the shearing wave coefficient of direction k is added up, the shearing wave coefficient after adding up is the corresponding shearing of the useful signal
Wave system number.
S105, according to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction, seek STA/LTA and pick up curve, determine institute
Stating the pickup curve acquirement maximum value corresponding time is microseism signal first arrival time.
The STA/LTA that seeks picks up curve, can specifically be calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein, x (n) is signal time sequence, WSTAFor short time-window, WLTAWindow width when being long, n represent total sampling of x (n)
Points, k represent current corresponding sampled point.
Optionally, when the amplitude for picking up curve reaches maximum value, current maximum corresponding time point is taken.
First arrival time can be determined according to the peak value that useful signal amplitude changes by picking up curve based on STA/LTA, be greatly reduced
The high exponent arithmetic(al) bring time delay of traditional high-order measurement Law improves real-time.
It should be understood that the size of the serial number of each step is not meant that the order of the execution order in above-described embodiment, each process
Execution sequence should be determined by its function and internal logic, the implementation process without coping with the embodiment of the present invention constitutes any limit
It is fixed.
A kind of method for obtaining microseism first arrival is essentially described above, will be to a kind of acquisition microseism first arrival below
System is described in detail.
Fig. 2 is one embodiment structural schematic diagram of the system provided in an embodiment of the present invention for obtaining microseism first arrival, should
System includes:
Acquisition module 210: for acquiring micro-seismic monitoring signal；
Conversion module 220: for carrying out shearing wave conversion to the micro-seismic monitoring signal, different scale and difference are obtained
The shearing wave transformation coefficient in direction；
Confirmation module 230: for carrying out time frequency analysis to microseism data monitoring data, microseism useful signal is determined
Dominant frequency, and according to the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal, determine that useful signal durection component institute under different scale is right respectively
Answer the shearing wave coefficient in direction；
Optionally, the determination useful signal described respectively direction corresponding to durection component under different scale is cut
Cut wave system number specifically:
The size of the corresponding shearing wave coefficient is determined according to the frequency of useful signal height.
Computing module 240: for calculating the shearing in useful signal direction corresponding to direction vector under different scale
The correlation of wave system number, according to the maximum phase of shearing wave coefficient corresponding to useful signal direction vector under different scale
Guan Xing determines the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction and the useful signal direction；
Optionally, the computing module 240 includes:
Computing unit: the shearing wave system for the corresponding direction according to direction vector under formula (1) calculating different scale
Several correlations:
Correlation (k)=U (j, k) * U (j+1, k) (1)
Wherein, U indicates that shearing wave coefficient, j indicate that scale, k indicate direction；
Confirmation unit: for being maximized corresponding direction k as useful signal direction according to Correlation (k), and
Obtain the corresponding shearing wave coefficient of direction k；
Summing elements: for the shearing wave coefficient of direction k to add up, the shearing wave coefficient after adding up is the useful signal
Corresponding shearing wave coefficient.
Determination module 250: for seeking STA/LTA pickup according to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction
Curve determines that the pickup curve acquirement maximum value corresponding time is microseism signal first arrival time.
The system provided in an embodiment of the present invention for obtaining microseism first arrival, energy multi-resolution decomposition micro-seismic monitoring signal, and
After determining Shearlet coefficient, seeks STA/LTA pickup curve and determine first arrival time, not only can accurately determine first arrival time, but also
It can ensure the real-time picked up.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that for convenience and simplicity of description, the system of foregoing description,
The specific work process of device and unit, can refer to corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein.
In the above-described embodiments, it all emphasizes particularly on different fields to the description of each embodiment, is not described in detail or remembers in some embodiment
The part of load may refer to the associated description of other embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that each embodiment described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document
Module, unit and/or method and step can be realized with the combination of electronic hardware or computer software and electronic hardware.This
A little functions are implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Specially
Industry technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not
It is considered as beyond the scope of this invention.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed system, device and method can be with
It realizes by another way.For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely exemplary, for example, the unit
It divides, only a kind of logical function partition, there may be another division manner in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components
It can be combined or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.Another point, it is shown or
The mutual coupling, direct-coupling or communication connection discussed can be through some interfaces, the indirect coupling of device or unit
It closes or communicates to connect, can be electrical property, mechanical or other forms.
The unit as illustrated by the separation member may or may not be physically separated, aobvious as unit
The component shown may or may not be physical unit, it can and it is in one place, or may be distributed over multiple
In network unit.It can select some or all of unit therein according to the actual needs to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
It, can also be in addition, the functional units in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in one unit with two or more units.Above-mentioned integrated list
Member both can take the form of hardware realization, can also realize in the form of software functional units.
The above, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although referring to before
Stating embodiment, invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to preceding
Technical solution documented by each embodiment is stated to modify or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these
It modifies or replaces, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method for picking up microseism first arrival characterized by comprising
S1, acquisition micro-seismic monitoring signal；
S2, shearing wave conversion is carried out to the micro-seismic monitoring signal, obtain the shearing wave conversion of different scale and different directions
Coefficient；
S3, time frequency analysis is carried out to microseism data monitoring data, determines the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal, and according to microseism
The dominant frequency of useful signal determines the shearing wave system in useful signal direction corresponding to durection component under different scale respectively
Number；
S4, the correlation for calculating useful signal shearing wave coefficient in direction corresponding to direction vector under different scale, root
According to the maximum correlation of useful signal shearing wave coefficient corresponding to direction vector under different scale, determine described effective
The corresponding shearing wave coefficient of sense and the useful signal direction；
S5, according to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction, seek STA/LTA and pick up curve, determine the pickup
The curve acquirement maximum value corresponding time is microseism signal first arrival time.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the difference determination useful signal is in different scale
The shearing wave coefficient in direction corresponding to lower durection component specifically:
The size of the corresponding shearing wave coefficient is determined according to the frequency of useful signal height.
3. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S4 specifically:
S41, the correlation that the shearing wave coefficient of corresponding direction described in direction vector under different scale is calculated according to formula (1):
Correlation (k)=U (j, k) * U (j+1, k) (1)
Wherein, U indicates that shearing wave coefficient, j indicate that scale, k indicate direction；
S42, corresponding direction k is maximized as useful signal direction according to Correlation (k), and it is corresponding to obtain direction k
Shearing wave coefficient；
S43, the shearing wave coefficient of direction k is added up, the shearing wave coefficient after adding up is the corresponding shearing wave of the useful signal
Coefficient.
4. a kind of system for picking up microseism first arrival characterized by comprising
Acquisition module: for acquiring micro-seismic monitoring signal；
Conversion module: for carrying out shearing wave conversion to the micro-seismic monitoring signal, different scale and different directions are obtained
Shearing wave transformation coefficient；
Confirmation module: for determining the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal to microseism data monitoring data progress time frequency analysis, and
According to the dominant frequency of microseism useful signal, useful signal direction corresponding to durection component under different scale is determined respectively
Shearing wave coefficient；
Computing module: for calculating the shearing wave coefficient of useful signal corresponding direction described in direction vector under different scale
Correlation, according to the maximum correlation of shearing wave coefficient corresponding to useful signal direction vector under different scale,
Determine the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction and the useful signal direction；
Determination module: for seeking STA/LTA and picking up curve, sentence according to the corresponding shearing wave coefficient in the useful signal direction
Determining the pickup curve acquirement maximum value corresponding time is microseism signal first arrival time.
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Cited By (1)
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