CN103758511A - Method and device for identifying hidden reservoir through underground reverse time migration imaging - Google Patents
Method and device for identifying hidden reservoir through underground reverse time migration imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for identifying a hidden reservoir by underground reverse time migration imaging. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring remote detection acoustic logging data and conventional and electrical imaging logging data related to the remote detection acoustic logging data; preprocessing the remote detection acoustic logging data, and extracting longitudinal and transverse wave time difference information; extracting reflected wave information from the remote detection acoustic logging data by using a multi-scale correlation comparison method; generating a reverse time migration imaging result by utilizing a seismic prestack reverse time migration algorithm according to the longitudinal and transverse wave time difference information and the reflected wave information; and determining the position and the depth of the hidden reservoir layer according to the reverse time migration imaging result and by combining the conventional and electric imaging logging information. The method can improve the accuracy and precision of reverse time migration imaging, obtains good application effect in field application of oil fields, and effectively improves the missing rate of the hidden reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the identification field of carbonate karst type reservoir, relate in particular to the reverse-time migration imaging of a kind of down-hole and identify method and the device of hidden reservoir, can identify hidden reservoir, depict the depth bounds of oil-gas reservoir and reservoir in hole diameter side upward to the distance of the borehole wall.
Background technology
As everyone knows, logging technique is a kind of important means of downhole oil gas exploration, the various physical messages of using the apparatus measures stratum of the physical propertys such as reaction sound, electricity, magnetic and radioactivity in down-hole, by these information are carried out to data process and interpretation by interkniting between physical principle separately and they, identify downhole in reservoir and grow position, and further quantitatively degree of porosity, saturation ratio, permeability, fluid properties and the distribution thereof etc. of calculating or qualitative discrimination reservoir rock.
In recent years, along with deepening continuously of exploration of oil and gas field, exploitation, domestic most oil fields main body section has entered the high ripe exploration phase, and exploration object is turned to the subtle pools such as lithology and stratum successively by structural deposit.Such reservoir lithology cross directional variations is fast, non-homogeneity is extremely strong, and matrix porosity is generally lower, and groove part hole, the cave reservoir output of fracture-vug and not full-filling is higher, and pure slit formation reservoir and hole type reservoir are generally dry layer or output is on the low side.And often discovery in the actual During Oil Testing Process of Oil Field: borehole wall seam hole is grown and do not represented the hole growth of the other seam of well; On the contrary, the hole agensis of borehole wall seam does not represent that the other seam of well hole grows scarcely yet, and this has brought very big difficulty just to the accurate identification of the hidden reservoir in down-hole.Therefore, explorationists more and more wish to understand apart from the stratigraphic distribution in well scope far away or the distribution situation of crack, hole etc.But, the problem of having to face is that existing crack, hole identification logging technique method investigation depth are too shallow, as acoustic imaging, borehole wall crack is just surveyed in well logging, electric imaging logging investigation depth also only has 3cm, XMAC well logging also can only qualitatively provide nearly borehole wall 3m with internal fissure developmental state, be difficult to understand reservoir cross directional variations or the borehole wall crack developmental state that stretches out, its result often causes in such reservoir the normal and formation testing result of logging evaluation result to conflict.
By literature survey, find, when to the hidden RESERVOIR RECOGNITION of this class, utilized well shake combination technology having brought into play some effects aspect the other hidden reservoir of identification well in the past, obtained certain effect, but had very large subjectivity and multi-solution to a certain extent.Because be subject to the restriction of seismic resolution, what this method provided can only be the thick lines image of stratigraphic structure in a big way, and its resolution ratio wretched insufficiency to deep formation is difficult to describe small-sized geological structure and reservoir fine and changes.For this situation, current detection acoustic logging instrument far away can carry out imaging analysis with interior bed boundary, crack or fault tectonic to wellbore 3 to 10m scopes, aspect resolution ratio and investigation depth, filling up the blank between well logging and earthquake, for the identification of the other hidden reservoir of well provides new technological means.Although far survey acoustic logging instrument, can effectively promote investigation depth, but due to its processing and interpretation system employing is traditional time migration after stack processing method, in practical application, also there is more problem, outstanding behaviours is aspect following three: 1) imaging results exists much noise to disturb, and its imaging results resolution ratio is lower; 2) imaging precision is low, does not see the outer stratum of borehole wall structural configuration, and multi-solution is strong; 3) interpretation process complexity, subjectivity is strong, and these problems are very limited this technology in the identification application of the other hidden reservoir of well, and therefore how identifying the other hidden seam of well hole reservoir development situation is the problem that urgently will solve in current oil-gas exploration and development.
Summary of the invention
In order to address the above problem, the embodiment of the present invention provides the reverse-time migration imaging of a kind of down-hole to identify method and the device of hidden reservoir.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the reverse-time migration imaging of a kind of down-hole to identify the method for hidden reservoir, comprising: obtain detection Sonic Logging Data far away and associated routine and electric imaging logging data; Described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, and extract P-wave And S time difference information; Utilize multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information in described detection Sonic Logging Data far away; According to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilize earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generate reverse-time migration imaging results; According to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determine layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides the reverse-time migration imaging of a kind of down-hole to identify the device of hidden reservoir, comprising: well-log information acquiring unit, for obtaining detection Sonic Logging Data far away and associated routine and electric imaging logging data; Pretreatment unit, for described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, and extracts P-wave And S time difference information; Reflected wave information extraction unit, for utilizing multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information at described detection Sonic Logging Data far away; Reverse-time migration image-generating unit, for according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilizes earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generates reverse-time migration imaging results; Hidden reservoir determining unit, for according to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determines layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth.
Method and the device of hidden reservoir identified in the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect: the pre-Stack Reverse thought of 1) innovatively seismic data being processed in explaining is first incorporated in the processing of well-log information, and for the specific requirement of detection sound collecting system far away, pre-Stack Reverse algorithm in two-dimentional surface seismic has been carried out to adaptation; 2) novelty is quoted multiple dimensioned relevant control methods and is carried out reflected wave information extraction, and the method can effectively be eliminated the impact of direct wave, improves accuracy and the precision of reverse-time migration imaging; 3) far away survey Sonic Logging Data process in breakthrough introducing first realized multi-threaded parallel operational ideas and method, can make the processing operation efficiency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data reach optimum state according to the performance state of computer, thereby also, for the huge new Logging Technology data fast processing of other operand provides reference and reference, there is extraordinary popularizing application prospect; 4) novelty has been set up a set of complete method of identifying hidden reservoir based on down-hole reverse-time migration imaging, in the application of the scene in oil field, has obtained extraordinary effect, has effectively promoted the misdetection rate of hidden reservoir.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the method for hidden reservoir is identified in the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that the device of hidden reservoir is identified in the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the pretreatment unit 102 of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another embodiment of reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the another embodiment of reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of an embodiment again of reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 of the present invention;
The structural representation of another embodiment of the device of hidden reservoir is identified in the reverse-time migration imaging of Fig. 8 down-hole of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is that the method and apparatus that utilizes the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention to identify hidden reservoir carries out in a specific embodiment of hidden RESERVOIR RECOGNITION, the detection acoustic imaging result far away of generation and the comparison diagram of electric imaging results;
Figure 10 is that the method and apparatus that utilizes the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention to identify hidden reservoir carries out in a specific embodiment of hidden RESERVOIR RECOGNITION, far surveys the result map of the other hidden reservoir of acoustic logging identification well.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skills, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart that the method for hidden reservoir is identified in the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in the figure, the method for the hidden reservoir of identification of the present embodiment comprises:
Step S101, obtains detection Sonic Logging Data far away and associated routine and electric imaging logging data; Step S102, carries out pretreatment to described detection Sonic Logging Data far away, and extracts P-wave And S time difference information; Step S103, utilizes multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information in described detection Sonic Logging Data far away; Step S104, according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilizes earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generates reverse-time migration imaging results; Step S105, according to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determines layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth.
In the step S101 of the present embodiment, utilize the underground logging data that acoustic logging instrument measures of surveying far away, to collect associated routine and the electric imaging logging data of arranging simultaneously.Utilize routine and electric imaging logging data can determine Around A Borehole reservoir development situation, in conjunction with the Sonic Logging Data of surveying far away, carry out determining of reservoir development position and layer position.
In the step S102 of the present embodiment, described described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, comprising: described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to gain recovery, filtering Stoneley wave and low-frequency noise.To measure obtain detection Sonic Logging Data far away carry out pretreatment, its objective is to receiver to Wave data carry out gain recovery, filtering Stoneley wave and low-frequency noise; To extract stratum P-wave And S time difference information according to the detection Sonic Logging Data far away of measuring in addition, the stratum P-wave And S time difference has been reflected the spread speed of sound wave in stratum, sets up initial velocity model reliable formation velocity parameter information is provided while processing for follow-up pre-Stack Reverse.
In the step S103 of the present embodiment, far away survey the concentrated expression that Sonic Logging Data is various through, the reflective sound wave information in down-hole, to this, the present invention utilizes multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information in described detection Sonic Logging Data far away, dual-tree complex wavelet transform is combined with slowness time matching method, realized and utilized the information of yardstick-time-domain and the object of array waveform slowness information simultaneously, effectively eliminate the impact of direct wave, improved accuracy and the precision of reverse-time migration imaging.
The implementation method that this step is concrete is: common-shot-gather is done to dual-tree complex wavelet transform, decomposition coefficient upper to people having a common goal not, same yardstick extracts the common yardstick of composition road collection and then, and then realize each common yardstick road collection is done to dual-tree complex wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the forms of time and space of common yardstick road collection, finally the more common yardstick road collection of each time domain is done to slowness time matching method, obtain the slowness time matching method figure of different scale, thereby effectively extract described reflected wave information.
The advantage applies of this step adopts multiple dimensioned relevant method of comparison to carry out the extraction of reflected wave information in novelty, can effectively eliminate the impact of direct wave, improves accuracy and the precision of reverse-time migration imaging.
In the step S104 of the present embodiment, on the basis that early stage, P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information extracted, introduce pre-Stack Reverse algorithm advanced in seismic field, the core of the method is: from the wave field being recorded to, isochronous surface inverse time propagation is sometime imported underground, construct the complete wave field of both of each time step, therefore can see the energy snapshot moving to pip from recording surface, due to approximate less to Seismic Wave Propagation Equations of the method, because of but the most accurate in existing offset method.Different from two-dimentional ground seismic observation system of considering detection sound collecting system far away, in order to make the processing that is applied to well-log information that reverse-time migration algorithm can be real, also must break through observation system conversion, yardstick conversion and these three key technology difficult points of Migration velocity model reconstruct.
1) for the conversion of observation system, the present invention has analysed in depth the similarities and differences of detection acoustic systems acquisition system far away and Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration, described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration is done to 90 ° of conversions, simultaneously by the parameter of described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration according to detection sound wave far away excite, reception relation carries out corresponding one by one, as shown in table 1 below with described detection acoustic systems acquisition system far away.
Table 1
2) for yardstick, change, opening one's minds that the present invention adopts is: adopt the method for scaling on year-on-year basis, because general seismic data dominant frequency is in 30HZ left and right, and the dominant frequency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data is between 5000～10000HZ, if directly apply earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, there will be numerical value frequency dispersion and calculate the phenomenons such as unstable.Therefore the present invention's employing is corresponding when amplification is calculated objective body N times dwindles dominant frequency N doubly, utilizes such method that the dominant frequency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data is reduced to seismic band scope.
3) for the technological difficulties of Migration velocity model reconstruct, the technical scheme of employing of the present invention is: first speed grid is amplified on space scale to N and doubly (expand identical multiple with yardstick conversion medium frequency parameter), then according to selected finite difference exponent number, determine grid difference density, generally the higher Grid dimension of difference order is fewer.For example: space second differnce requires a wavelength to contain 10 more than mesh point, when reaching 20 rank, in a wavelength, only require and contain 2 mesh points when above.If spatially use pseudo-spectrometry, in a wavelength, only need so 2 mesh points.According to specific algorithm again difference reconstruction model, make it mutual coupling, solve space frequency dispersion problem.
Having solved after the three technology difficult points such as observation system conversion, yardstick conversion and Migration velocity model reconstruct, can carry out pre-Stack Reverse processing.This process comprises three phases: 1) wave field is just drilled; 2) wave field backstepping; 3) inverse time imaging.In the present invention, by adopting High-Order Finite-Difference Method to solve band PML(complete matching layer) the two-dimentional ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION on border completes the stage 1) and the stage 2).Its specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Two-dimentional ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION with PML border is as follows:
Wherein, acoustic wavefield is p=p (x, z, t), and velocity field is v=v (x, z), and described acoustic wavefield p=p (x, z, t) is decomposed into x and z both direction: p=p
x+ p
z, and introduce intermediate variable A=A
x+ A
z, d (x), d (z) is the absorption parameter in described PML border.
Stage 3) be in the stage of completing 1) with the stage 2) basis on adopt the relative cross-correlation image-forming condition of width protected to carry out.Specific formula for calculation is as follows:
Wherein, Map (x, z) is single big gun imaging results, P
r(x, z, t) is described backstepping wave field, P
s(x, z, t) is the described wave field of just drilling.
Utilize formula (2) can obtain single big gun imaging results, obtaining after single big gun imaging results, adopt the method for many big guns imaging results stack to obtain complete reverse-time migration imaging results.
Surface-seismic data pre-Stack Reverse difference, for migration velocity field modeling in detection Sonic Logging Data pre-Stack Reverse flow process far away, propose directly to utilize the direct wave of surveying in acoustic logging data far away to calculate compressional wave time difference, utilizing this deviation curve to set up the uniform interval velocity model of horizontal cross.
The advantage that the method for employing step S104 is carried out reverse-time migration imaging is:
1: avoided velocity dispersion problem, reflection wave frequency is suitable with model frequency;
2: because the acoustic sounding degree of depth of surveying far away only has 10 meters, so the uniform rate pattern of horizontal cross of setting up meets the requirement accurately of migration algorithm low frequency;
3: far surveying sound wave is to be mainly applied in carbonate karst type reservoir at present, and its reservoir mostly is hole, hole, seam; Reservoir development matches with model hypothesis under the background of monoblock limestone.
Therefore, by above processing, the pre-Stack Reverse algorithm of surface seismic is successfully incorporated in detection acoustic imaging far away, and two key issues in surface seismic have effectively been evaded: low signal-to-noise ratio and initial velocity rate pattern are inaccurate, have realized the high-quality reverse-time migration imaging of detection acoustic logging data far away.
In the step S104 of the present embodiment, according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilize earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generate in the step of reservoir imaging results, can utilize multi-threaded parallel processing method, be segmented into picture, then the method that adopts iteration to overlap is removed the superimposed images of different well sections, and adopt high-pass filtering compacting skew background noise, form complete down-hole reverse-time migration imaging results.The object of the method is effectively to improve the processing speed of computer, the technological means adopting is to introduce multi-threaded parallel to process thought, the CPU number of the automatic computing machine of calculation procedure arranging according to handling procedure, and its point is equipped with to different processing well sections, be segmented into picture, the thought that finally adopts iteration to overlap is removed the superimposed images of different well sections, and adopts high-pass filtering to process compacting skew background noise, forms complete down-hole reverse-time migration image; For example: suppose that well segment length to be processed is L.First by computer program, automatically calculate the number N of computer CPU, and well section to be processed is divided into N part, every segment length is L/N.Then by observation system information, determine that every section of superimposed span access location length is L
d, by adding L
dmake to be full overlay area in the L/N well section of every section.By above dividing mode well section, be divided into N section, and the length of every section is respectively L/N+L
d.After complete, by every section, distribute to respectively 1 CPU, on each CPU, carry out respectively the processing procedure of step 4.Finally the imaging results of N CPU is carried out to stack combinations, remove every section in L
dsection imaging results retains imaging results in L/N well section, finally obtains the imaging results of full well section.
With Tarim Oilfield well, far survey acoustic logging data and be treated to example, it is 5913.00-6725.00 rice that this well is processed well section, the well segment length L=6725.00-5913.00=812.00 rice of processing.First by computer program, automatically calculating processing use computer CPU number N is 8, can be equally divided into 8 sections by processing well section accordingly, and the treated length of every section is L/N=812.00/8=101.50 rice.Then according to measuring observation system information, determine every section of superimposed span access location length, detection acoustic measurement instrument far away is generally got to L
d=30.00 meters.By above-mentioned division, well section has been divided into 8 sections, and the length of every section is respectively 101.50+30.00=131.50 rice, with this, well section division result is distributed to each CPU simultaneously, on each CPU, carry out respectively the processing procedure of step 4.Finally the imaging results of 8 CPU is carried out to stack combinations, and superimposed section of imaging results in removing every section, the final imaging results of well section entirely obtained.
By segmentation parallel processing technique, when guaranteeing to process picture quality, effectively improved the utilization rate of computer CPU, promoted imaging speed.
In the step S105 of the present embodiment, according to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determine layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth, comprising:
The place of growing in the other seam of well hole, in described reverse-time migration imaging results, can demonstrate significantly abnormal, the reservoir development situation of the Around A Borehole arriving in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging analysis again, comprehensively identifies layer position and the degree of depth at growth position and the place thereof of described hidden reservoir.
Above-described embodiment provides a kind of utilization of practicality far to survey the hidden reservoir stratum identification method in down-hole that acoustic logging and reverse-time migration formation method combine, there is following beneficial effect: the pre-Stack Reverse thought of 1) innovatively seismic data being processed in explaining is first incorporated in the processing of well-log information, and for the specific requirement of detection sound collecting system far away, pre-Stack Reverse algorithm in two-dimentional surface seismic has been carried out to adaptation; 2) novelty is quoted multiple dimensioned relevant control methods and is carried out reflected wave information extraction, and the method can effectively be eliminated the impact of direct wave, improves accuracy and the precision of reverse-time migration imaging; 3) far away survey Sonic Logging Data process in breakthrough introducing first realized multi-threaded parallel operational ideas and method, can make the processing operation efficiency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data reach optimum state according to the performance state of computer, thereby also, for the huge new Logging Technology data fast processing of other operand provides reference and reference, there is extraordinary popularizing application prospect; 4) novelty has been set up a set of complete method of identifying hidden reservoir based on down-hole reverse-time migration imaging, in the application of the scene in oil field, has obtained extraordinary effect, has effectively promoted the misdetection rate of hidden reservoir.
Utilize the recognition methods of the embodiment of the present invention to carry out on-the-spot application in 39 mouthfuls of wells of Tarim Oilfield, after acid fracturing, test proves, find that the success rate of hidden reservoir is up to 86%, created in conventional method and thought do not have the place of reservoir to penetrate the miracle of high yield commercial hydrocarbon flow at all, for producing good technical support is provided in the increasing the storage in oil field.
Corresponding to above-mentioned embodiment of the method, the structural representation of the device of hidden reservoir is identified in the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging that Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, the device that hidden reservoir is identified in the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the present embodiment comprises: well-log information acquiring unit 101, for obtaining detection Sonic Logging Data far away and associated routine and electric imaging logging data; Pretreatment unit 102, for described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, and extracts P-wave And S time difference information; Reflected wave information extraction unit 103, for utilizing multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information at described detection Sonic Logging Data far away; Reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104, for according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilizes earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generates reverse-time migration imaging results; Hidden reservoir determining unit 105, for according to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determines layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described pretreatment unit 102 comprises: gain recovery module 1021, for described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to gain recovery; Filtration module 1022, for Stoneley wave and the low-frequency noise of surveying Sonic Logging Data far away described in filtering; And ripple extraction module 1023 in length and breadth, for extracting described P-wave And S time difference information from described detection Sonic Logging Data far away.The stratum P-wave And S time difference has been reflected the spread speed of sound wave in stratum, sets up initial velocity model reliable formation velocity parameter information is provided while processing for follow-up pre-Stack Reverse.
In the present embodiment, described reflected wave information extraction unit 103 utilizes multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information in described detection Sonic Logging Data far away, dual-tree complex wavelet transform is combined with slowness time matching method, realized and utilized the information of yardstick-time-domain and the object of array waveform slowness information simultaneously, effectively eliminate the impact of direct wave, improved accuracy and the precision of reverse-time migration imaging.Its concrete implementation method is: common-shot-gather is done to dual-tree complex wavelet transform, decomposition coefficient upper to people having a common goal not, same yardstick extracts the common yardstick of composition road collection and then, and then realize each common yardstick road collection is done to dual-tree complex wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the forms of time and space of common yardstick road collection, finally the more common yardstick road collection of each time domain is done to slowness time matching method, obtain the slowness time matching method figure of different scale, thereby effectively extract described reflected wave information.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 comprises:
Observation system modular converter 1041, for analyzing the similarities and differences of detection acoustic systems acquisition system far away and Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration, described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration is done to 90 ° of conversions, simultaneously by observation system parameter according to detection sound wave far away excite, reception relation carries out one by one corresponding.
Yardstick modular converter 1042, calculates the objective body N corresponding dominant frequency N method doubly of dwindling doubly time for adopting to amplify, and the dominant frequency of described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is reduced to seismic band scope.Because general seismic data dominant frequency is in 30HZ left and right, and the dominant frequency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data is between 5000～10000HZ, if directly apply earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, there will be numerical value frequency dispersion and calculates the phenomenons such as unstable.Therefore the present invention's employing is corresponding when amplification is calculated objective body N times dwindles dominant frequency N doubly, utilizes such method that the dominant frequency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data is reduced to seismic band scope.
Migration velocity model reconstructed module 1043, for speed grid being amplified on space scale to N doubly, determines grid difference density according to selected finite difference exponent number, solves space frequency dispersion problem.Generally the higher Grid dimension of difference order is fewer.For example: space second differnce requires a wavelength to contain 10 more than mesh point, when reaching 20 rank, in a wavelength, only require and contain 2 mesh points when above.If spatially use pseudo-spectrometry, in a wavelength, only need so 2 mesh points.According to specific algorithm again difference reconstruction model, make it mutual coupling, solve space frequency dispersion problem.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 5, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 also comprises:
Wave field is just drilled, backstepping module 1044, for completing after described observation system conversion, yardstick conversion and Migration velocity model reconstruct, adopt High-Order Finite-Difference Method to solve and with the two-dimentional ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION on PML border, complete wave field and just drilling and wave field backstepping, its design formulas is:
Wherein, acoustic wavefield is p=p (x, z, t), and velocity field is v=v (x, z), and described acoustic wavefield p=p (x, z, t) is decomposed into x and z both direction: p=p
x+ p
z, and introduce intermediate variable A=A
x+ A
z, d (x), d (z) is the absorption parameter in described PML border.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 6, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 also comprises:
Inverse time image-forming module 1045, for complete wave field just drilling with wave field backstepping after, adopt the cross-correlation image-forming condition of relatively protecting width to carry out inverse time imaging, the design formulas of employing is:
Wherein, Map (x, z) is single big gun imaging results, P
r(x, z, t) is described backstepping wave field, P
s(x, z, t) is the described wave field of just drilling.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 7, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit 104 also comprises:
In another embodiment, as shown in Figure 8, the device that hidden reservoir is identified in the reverse-time migration imaging of described down-hole also comprises:
Multithreading processing unit 106, be used for utilizing multi-threaded parallel processing method, be segmented into picture, then the method that adopts iteration to overlap is removed the superimposed images of different well sections, and adopt high-pass filtering compacting skew background noise, form complete down-hole reverse-time migration imaging results.The object of the method is effectively to improve the processing speed of computer, the technological means adopting is to introduce multi-threaded parallel to process thought, the CPU number of the automatic computing machine of calculation procedure arranging according to handling procedure, and its point is equipped with to different processing well sections, be segmented into picture, the thought that finally adopts iteration to overlap is removed the superimposed images of different well sections, and adopts high-pass filtering to process compacting skew background noise, forms complete down-hole reverse-time migration image; For example: suppose that well segment length to be processed is L.First by computer program, automatically calculate the number N of computer CPU, and well section to be processed is divided into N part, every segment length is L/N.Then by observation system information, determine that every section of superimposed span access location length is L
d, by adding L
dmake to be full overlay area in the L/N well section of every section.By above dividing mode well section, be divided into N section, and the length of every section is respectively L/N+L
d.After complete, by every section, distribute to respectively 1 CPU, on each CPU, carry out respectively the processing procedure of step 4.Finally the imaging results of N CPU is carried out to stack combinations, remove every section in L
dsection imaging results retains imaging results in L/N well section, finally obtains the imaging results of full well section.
By above processing, the pre-Stack Reverse algorithm of surface seismic is successfully incorporated in detection acoustic imaging far away, and two key issues in surface seismic have effectively been evaded: low signal-to-noise ratio and initial velocity rate pattern are inaccurate, have realized the high-quality reverse-time migration imaging of detection acoustic logging data far away.
In the present embodiment, described hidden reservoir determining unit 105 is specifically for the place of growing in the other seam of well hole, in described reverse-time migration imaging results, can demonstrate significantly abnormal, the reservoir development situation of the Around A Borehole arriving in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging analysis again, comprehensively identifies layer position and the degree of depth at growth position and the place thereof of described hidden reservoir.
By above embodiment, utilize the device of surveying the hidden reservoir of acoustic logging and reverse-time migration imaging identification down-hole far away, there is following beneficial effect: the pre-Stack Reverse thought of 1) innovatively seismic data being processed in explaining is first incorporated in the processing of well-log information, and for the specific requirement of detection sound collecting system far away, pre-Stack Reverse algorithm in two-dimentional surface seismic has been carried out to adaptation; 2) novelty is quoted multiple dimensioned relevant control methods and is carried out reflected wave information extraction, and the method can effectively be eliminated the impact of direct wave, improves accuracy and the precision of reverse-time migration imaging; 3) far away survey Sonic Logging Data process in breakthrough introducing first realized multi-threaded parallel operational ideas and method, can make the processing operation efficiency of far surveying Sonic Logging Data reach optimum state according to the performance state of computer, thereby also, for the huge new Logging Technology data fast processing of other operand provides reference and reference, there is extraordinary popularizing application prospect; 4) novelty has been set up a set of complete method of identifying hidden reservoir based on down-hole reverse-time migration imaging, in the application of the scene in oil field, has obtained extraordinary effect, has effectively promoted the misdetection rate of hidden reservoir.
Fig. 9 is that the method and apparatus that utilizes the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention to identify hidden reservoir carries out in a specific embodiment of hidden RESERVOIR RECOGNITION, the detection acoustic imaging result far away of generation and the comparison diagram of electric imaging results; Figure 10 is that the method and apparatus that utilizes the down-hole reverse-time migration imaging of the embodiment of the present invention to identify hidden reservoir carries out in a specific embodiment of hidden RESERVOIR RECOGNITION, far surveys the result map of the other hidden reservoir of acoustic logging identification well.
In Fig. 9, the 1st road is that borehole wall electric imaging logging image, the 3rd road are to be that detection sound wave reverse-time migration imaging results far away, the 5th road of finishing dealing with is to be 6193.00-6194.00m borehole wall electric imaging logging Three-dimensional Display image according to the other fracture intensity of well, the 6th road of surveying acoustic imaging Identification display far away according to formation fracture developmental state, the 4th road of the identification of electric imaging logging image.As seen from Figure 9, far survey acoustic imaging and show the body growth of the other seamed hole of this well Duan Jing, and in 6190.00-6195.00m position, have an obvious well high angle fracture of crossing, by calculating its inclination angle, be about 70 degree.And from 6193.00-6194.00m borehole wall electric imaging logging image a same high-visible inclination angle be 73 degree cross well fracture development, thereby verified the correctness of detection acoustic imaging result far away.
Figure 10 Zhong 1-4 road is that Logging Curves, the 5th road are that borehole wall electric imaging logging image, the 6th road are that conventional logging calculates formation porosity curve, the 8th road is far to survey sound wave reverse-time migration image.As seen from the figure, according to Logging Curves, 6680.00-6750.00 rice resistivity is height-extra-high-speed value, and three porosity curve shows this interval hole agensis, well logging is calculated the average pore of this interval below 2%, according to the demonstration reservoir agensis of Logging Curves; Equally, on borehole wall electric imaging logging image, show that this interval lithology is comparatively fine and close, 6700.00-6710.00 rice interval is grown drilling well induction seam, whole well section has no obvious secondary seam hole pores'growth, and therefore comprehensive routine and electric imaging logging data are interpreted as non-reservoir by this interval.Better by far surveying on sound wave reverse-time migration image obviously as seen near well is other the growth of seamed hole body and ductility, therefore in the situation that routine and imaging logging are not supported, this interval is interpreted as to reservoir development section, after acid fracturing, obtain high produce oil stream, by the end of 2.1 ten thousand tons of on December 3rd, 2012 accumulative total produce oils, gas 367 ten thousand steres.
Those skilled in the art should understand, embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the present invention can adopt complete hardware implementation example, completely implement software example or the form in conjunction with the embodiment of software and hardware aspect.And the present invention can adopt the form at one or more upper computer programs of implementing of computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disc store, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) that wherein include computer usable program code.
The present invention is with reference to describing according to flow chart and/or the block diagram of the method for the embodiment of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program.Should understand can be by the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions realization flow figure and/or block diagram and/or square frame and flow chart and/or block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.Can provide these computer program instructions to the processor of all-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, the instruction that makes to carry out by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing device produces the device for realizing the function of specifying at flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be stored in energy vectoring computer or the computer-readable memory of other programmable data processing device with ad hoc fashion work, the instruction that makes to be stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture that comprises command device, and this command device is realized the function of specifying in flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computer or other programmable data processing device, make to carry out sequence of operations step to produce computer implemented processing on computer or other programmable devices, thereby the instruction of carrying out is provided for realizing the step of the function of specifying in flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame on computer or other programmable devices.
In the present invention, applied specific embodiment principle of the present invention and embodiment are set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof; , for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications, in sum, this description should not be construed as limitation of the present invention meanwhile.
Claims (18)
1. a method for hidden reservoir is identified in reverse-time migration imaging in down-hole, it is characterized in that, described method comprises:
Obtain detection Sonic Logging Data far away and associated routine and electric imaging logging data;
Described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, and extract P-wave And S time difference information;
Utilize multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information in described detection Sonic Logging Data far away;
According to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilize earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generate reverse-time migration imaging results;
According to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determine layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth.
2. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 1 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, described described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, comprising:
Described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to gain recovery, filtering Stoneley wave and low-frequency noise.
3. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 1 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, describedly utilizes multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information in described detection Sonic Logging Data far away, specifically comprises:
Common-shot-gather is done to dual-tree complex wavelet transform, decomposition coefficient upper to people having a common goal not, same yardstick extracts the common yardstick of composition road collection and then, and then realize each common yardstick road collection is done to dual-tree complex wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the forms of time and space of common yardstick road collection, finally the more common yardstick road collection of each time domain is done to slowness time matching method, obtain the slowness time matching method figure of different scale, thereby effectively extract described reflected wave information.
4. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 1 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, according to pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generate in the step of reservoir imaging results, comprising:
The conversion of observation system: analyze the similarities and differences of surveying acoustic systems acquisition system and Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration far away, described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration is done to 90 ° of conversions, simultaneously by the parameter of described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration according to detection sound wave far away excite, reception relation carries out corresponding one by one with described detection acoustic systems acquisition system far away;
Yardstick conversion: adopt and amplify the corresponding dominant frequency N method doubly of dwindling when calculating objective body N times, the dominant frequency of described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is reduced to seismic band scope;
Migration velocity model reconstruct: speed grid is amplified to N doubly on space scale, determine grid difference density according to selected finite difference exponent number, solve space frequency dispersion problem.
5. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 4 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, complete after described observation system conversion, yardstick conversion and Migration velocity model reconstruct, adopt High-Order Finite-Difference Method to solve and with the two-dimentional ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION on PML border, complete wave field and just drilling and wave field backstepping, its design formulas is:
Wherein, acoustic wavefield is p=p (x, z, t), and velocity field is v=v (x, z), and described acoustic wavefield p=p (x, z, t) is decomposed into x and z both direction: p=p
x+ p
z, and introduce intermediate variable A=A
x+ A
z, d (x), d (z) is the absorption parameter in described PML border.
6. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 5 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, complete wave field just drilling with wave field backstepping after, adopt the cross-correlation image-forming condition of relatively protecting width to carry out inverse time imaging, the design formulas of employing is:
Wherein, Map (x, z) is single big gun imaging results, P
r(x, z, t) is described backstepping wave field, P
s(x, z, t) is the described wave field of just drilling.
7. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 5 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, is obtaining after single big gun imaging results, adopts the method for many big guns imaging results stack to obtain complete reverse-time migration imaging results.
8. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 1 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilize earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generate in the step of reservoir imaging results, utilize multi-threaded parallel processing method, be segmented into picture, the method that adopts again iteration to overlap is removed the superimposed images of different well sections, and adopts high-pass filtering compacting skew background noise, forms complete down-hole reverse-time migration imaging results.
9. the method for hidden reservoir is identified in down-hole according to claim 1 reverse-time migration imaging, it is characterized in that, according to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determine layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth, comprising:
The place of growing in the other seam of well hole, in described reverse-time migration imaging results, can demonstrate significantly abnormal, the reservoir development situation of the Around A Borehole arriving in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging analysis again, comprehensively identifies layer position and the degree of depth at growth position and the place thereof of described hidden reservoir.
10. a device for hidden reservoir is identified in reverse-time migration imaging in down-hole, it is characterized in that, described device comprises:
Well-log information acquiring unit, for obtaining detection Sonic Logging Data far away and associated routine and electric imaging logging data;
Pretreatment unit, for described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is carried out to pretreatment, and extracts P-wave And S time difference information;
Reflected wave information extraction unit, for utilizing multiple dimensioned relevant control methods to extract reflected wave information at described detection Sonic Logging Data far away;
Reverse-time migration image-generating unit, for according to described P-wave And S time difference information and reflected wave information, utilizes earthquake pre-Stack Reverse algorithm, generates reverse-time migration imaging results;
Hidden reservoir determining unit, for according to described reverse-time migration imaging results, in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging data, determines layer position, described hidden reservoir place and the degree of depth.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 11. down-hole according to claim 10 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described pretreatment unit comprises:
Gain recovery module, for carrying out gain recovery to described detection Sonic Logging Data far away;
Filtration module, for Stoneley wave and the low-frequency noise of surveying Sonic Logging Data far away described in filtering; And
Ripple extraction module in length and breadth, for extracting described P-wave And S time difference information from described detection Sonic Logging Data far away.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 12. down-hole according to claim 10 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described reflected wave information extraction unit specifically for: common-shot-gather is done to dual-tree complex wavelet transform, and then on people having a common goal not, the decomposition coefficient of same yardstick extracts composition yardstick road collection altogether, and then realize each common yardstick road collection is done to dual-tree complex wavelet inverse transformation, obtain the forms of time and space of common yardstick road collection, finally the more common yardstick road collection of each time domain is done to slowness time matching method, obtain the slowness time matching method figure of different scale, thereby effectively extract described reflected wave information.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 13. down-hole according to claim 10 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit comprises:
Observation system modular converter, for analyzing the similarities and differences of detection acoustic systems acquisition system far away and Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration, described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration is done to 90 ° of conversions, simultaneously by the parameter of described Two Dimensional One-sided seismic acquisition configuration according to detection sound wave far away excite, reception relation carries out corresponding one by one with described detection acoustic systems acquisition system far away;
Yardstick modular converter, calculates the objective body N corresponding dominant frequency N method doubly of dwindling doubly time for adopting to amplify, and the dominant frequency of described detection Sonic Logging Data far away is reduced to seismic band scope;
Migration velocity model reconstructed module, for speed grid being amplified on space scale to N doubly, determines grid difference density according to selected finite difference exponent number, solves space frequency dispersion problem.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 14. down-hole according to claim 13 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit also comprises:
Wave field is just drilled, backstepping module, for completing after described observation system conversion, yardstick conversion and Migration velocity model reconstruct, adopt High-Order Finite-Difference Method to solve and with the two-dimentional ACOUSTIC WAVE EQUATION on PML border, complete wave field and just drilling and wave field backstepping, its design formulas is:
Wherein, acoustic wavefield is p=p (x, z, t), and velocity field is v=v (x, z), and described acoustic wavefield p=p (x, z, t) is decomposed into x and z both direction: p=p
x+ p
z, and introduce intermediate variable A=A
x+ A
z, d (x), d (z) is the absorption parameter in described PML border.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 15. down-hole according to claim 14 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit also comprises:
Inverse time image-forming module, for complete wave field just drilling with wave field backstepping after, adopt the cross-correlation image-forming condition of relatively protecting width to carry out inverse time imaging, the design formulas of employing is:
Wherein, Map (x, z) is single big gun imaging results, P
r(x, z, t) is described backstepping wave field, P
s(x, z, t) is the described wave field of just drilling.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 16. down-hole according to claim 15 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described reverse-time migration image-generating unit also comprises:
Imaging laminating module, for obtaining after single big gun imaging results, adopts the method for many big guns imaging results stack to obtain complete reverse-time migration imaging results.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 17. down-hole according to claim 10 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, the device that hidden reservoir is identified in the reverse-time migration imaging of described down-hole also comprises:
Multithreading processing unit, for utilizing multi-threaded parallel processing method, is segmented into picture, then adopts the method for iteration coincidence to remove the superimposed images of different well sections, and adopts high-pass filtering compacting skew background noise, forms complete down-hole reverse-time migration imaging results.
The device of hidden reservoir is identified in 18. down-hole according to claim 10 reverse-time migration imagings, it is characterized in that, described hidden reservoir determining unit specifically for:
The place of growing in the other seam of well hole, in described reverse-time migration imaging results, can demonstrate significantly abnormal, the reservoir development situation of the Around A Borehole arriving in conjunction with described routine and electric imaging logging analysis again, comprehensively identifies layer position and the degree of depth at growth position and the place thereof of described hidden reservoir.
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