CN111077569A - Method and device for extracting data in time-sharing window in full-waveform inversion - Google Patents
Method and device for extracting data in time-sharing window in full-waveform inversion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for extracting data in a time-sharing window in full waveform inversion. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data; picking up first arrival time by using a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector; determining a first time window function and a second time window function by utilizing the first arrival time and determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value; determining a third time window upper limit value and a third time window function by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector; and determining a data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume. According to the invention, effective data is extracted from the time-sharing window of the seismic shot set by using the three time windows, so that noise is effectively removed, and high signal-to-noise ratio data is provided for full waveform inversion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of full waveform inversion, in particular to a method and a device for extracting data in a time-sharing window in full waveform inversion.
Background
Full waveform inversion techniques are one of the leading edge techniques for quantitative seismic imaging, which provide a reliable velocity model for high-precision seismic imaging.
Due to the influence of the near-surface environment, the land collected data is often influenced by low-frequency noise surface waves. The shape of the surface wave on the seismic shot gather is a sector area with a shot point as a central point. The part of data is eliminated by a filtering method in a seismic preprocessing stage. When the energy of the surface wave is large and secondary strong noise is caused, the conventional processing method cannot effectively remove the noise in the region, so that the signal to noise ratio is improved, and the full waveform inversion is difficult to converge. In addition, since the seismic shot gathers the first-arrival waves at different energy levels than the reflected waves, the full waveform inversion often operates by separating the early-arrival waves from the reflected waves.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for extracting data in a time-sharing window in full waveform inversion, where the method includes:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time by using a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value respectively by using the first arrival time, and the determining the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value respectively includes: estimating the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave; determining a first time window upper limit value, a first time window lower limit value and a second time window upper limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the first arrival waves and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point; and determining a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value includes: and determining the first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value, the first time window lower limit value and the maximum period of the first arrival wave.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value includes: and determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value, the second time window lower limit value, the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the third upper limit value of the time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector includes: and estimating the maximum period of the surface wave, and determining the upper limit value of a third time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value includes: and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value and the maximum period of the surface wave.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the determining the corresponding data sub-volumes according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function, and the seismic data includes: and multiplying the first time window function, the second time window function and the third time window function with the seismic data respectively to obtain corresponding data subvolumes.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for extracting data from the time-sharing window in full waveform inversion, which comprises:
the forward modeling module is used for acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
the time determining module is used for picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector by using the average apparent velocity;
the first and second time window function modules are used for determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by utilizing the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
the third time window function module is used for determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and the data subvolume module is used for determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second time window function modules include: the period estimation unit is used for estimating the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave; the first determining unit is used for determining a first time window upper limit value, a first time window lower limit value and a second time window upper limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the first arrival waves and the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe; and the second determining unit is used for determining a lower limit value of a second time window by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second time window function modules further include: and the first time window function unit is used for determining the first time window function according to the upper limit value of the first time window, the lower limit value of the first time window and the maximum period of the first arrival wave.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second time window function modules further include: and the second time window function unit is used for determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value, the second time window lower limit value, the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the third time window function module includes: and the third determining unit is used for estimating the maximum period of the surface wave and determining the upper limit value of a third time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the third time window function module further includes: and the third time window function unit is used for determining a third time window function according to the upper limit value of the third time window and the maximum period of the surface wave.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the data subvolume module includes: and the data subvolume unit is used for multiplying the first time window function, the second time window function and the third time window function with the seismic data respectively to obtain corresponding data subvolumes.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching a detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching a detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
According to the invention, effective data is extracted from the time-sharing window of the seismic shot set by using the three time windows, so that noise is effectively removed, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and high signal-to-noise ratio data is provided for full waveform inversion.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for extracting data in a time-sharing window in a full waveform inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for extracting data in a time-division window in full waveform inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 3A-3C are diagrams illustrating time window functions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
4A-4C are schematic diagrams of three time window separated seismic shot gather data in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for extracting data in a time-sharing window in full waveform inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for extracting data from a time-sharing window in full waveform inversion.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for extracting data in a time-division window in full waveform inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method includes:
step S1, acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
step S2, picking up first arrival time by a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector by using the average apparent velocity;
step S3, determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
step S4, determining a third time window upper limit value by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and step S5, determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
As an embodiment of the present invention, determining the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value respectively by using the first arrival time, and determining the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value respectively includes: estimating the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave; determining a first time window upper limit value, a first time window lower limit value and a second time window upper limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the first arrival waves and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point; and determining a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
As an embodiment of the present invention, determining the first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value includes: and determining the first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value, the first time window lower limit value and the maximum period of the first arrival wave.
As an embodiment of the present invention, determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value includes: and determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value, the second time window lower limit value, the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave.
As an embodiment of the present invention, determining the upper limit value of the third time window by using the time of arrival of the surface wave at the detector comprises: and estimating the maximum period of the surface wave, and determining the upper limit value of a third time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
As an embodiment of the present invention, determining the third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value includes: and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value and the maximum period of the surface wave.
As an embodiment of the present invention, determining the corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data includes: and multiplying the first time window function, the second time window function and the third time window function with the seismic data respectively to obtain corresponding data subvolumes.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for extracting data in a time-sharing window in full waveform inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the flowchart specifically includes:
1) inputting seismic data and a velocity model obtained by using an initial velocity modeling means such as a common ray chromatography;
2) forward modeling is carried out by utilizing a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
3) picking up shot gather data first-arrival time T by adopting conventional first-arrival picking method0(x)；
4) Estimating the mean apparent velocity v of the surface wave co-axial using conventional methods (e.g., manually picking the slope of the surface wave co-axial in the shot gather)1Using the formula T1(x)＝x/v1Calculating the time T of the surface wave arriving at the detector1(x) X is the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe;
5) using formulas
Calculating the upper bound T of the time window0uWherein T isfbIs the maximum period of the first arrival wave. Using formulas
Wherein α is the stretch coefficient of the control input time window, and the lower bound T of the time window is calculated0dTo obtain a first window function:
6) using formulas
Calculating an upper bound T for the second time window1uWherein T isfbIs the maximum period of the first arrival wave. By the formula
Calculating a lower bound T for a second time window1dWherein T isgrThe maximum period of the surface wave.
A second window function is obtained:
7) using formulas
Calculating an upper bound T for a third time window2uWherein T isgrThe maximum period of the surface wave. Wherein T isgrThe maximum period of the surface wave.
A third window function is obtained:
wherein T ismaxIs the maximum time of the seismic trace.
Using window functions omega respectively1(x,t)，ω2(x,t)，ω3(x, t) multiplying the seismic data to obtain data subvolumes, d1(x,t)、d2(x,t)、d3(x, t), performing a full waveform inversion using the data subvolume. Fig. 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of time window functions in an embodiment of the present invention, where the time window functions have high-order smooth slope zones, and may reduce truncation effect distortion, and fig. 4A to 4C are schematic diagrams of data of a seismic shot gather separated by three time windows in an embodiment of the present invention, where the time window extraction of seismic waves of different types of shot gathers is beneficial to a next full waveform inversion calculation.
According to the method, effective data are extracted from the time-sharing window of the seismic shot set by utilizing three time windows, wherein the three time windows respectively comprise a first-arrival wave, a reflected wave and a surface wave, the first-arrival wave and the reflected wave can be used as effective signals for full-waveform inversion, the surface wave is removed as noise, the noise is effectively removed, the signal-to-noise ratio is improved, and high signal-to-noise ratio data are provided for full-waveform inversion.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for extracting data in a time-division window in full waveform inversion according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus includes:
the forward modeling module 10 is configured to obtain seismic data and a preset velocity model, and perform forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
the time determining module 20 is used for picking up the first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector by using the average apparent velocity;
a first and a second time window function module 30, configured to determine a first time window upper limit and a first time window lower limit, and a second time window upper limit and a second time window lower limit by using the first arrival time, determine a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit and the first time window lower limit, and determine a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit and the second time window lower limit;
a third time window function module 40, configured to determine a third time window upper limit value by using the time when the surface wave reaches the detector, and determine a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and a data subvolume module 50 configured to determine a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and perform full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second time window function modules include: the period estimation unit is used for estimating the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave; the first determining unit is used for determining a first time window upper limit value, a first time window lower limit value and a second time window upper limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the first arrival waves and the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe; and the second determining unit is used for determining a lower limit value of a second time window by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second time window function modules further include: and the first time window function unit is used for determining the first time window function according to the upper limit value of the first time window, the lower limit value of the first time window and the maximum period of the first arrival wave.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the first and second time window function modules further include: and the second time window function unit is used for determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value, the second time window lower limit value, the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the third time window function module includes: and the third determining unit is used for estimating the maximum period of the surface wave and determining the upper limit value of a third time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the third time window function module further includes: and the third time window function unit is used for determining a third time window function according to the upper limit value of the third time window and the maximum period of the surface wave.
As an embodiment of the invention, the data subvolume module comprises: and the data subvolume unit is used for multiplying the first time window function, the second time window function and the third time window function with the seismic data respectively to obtain corresponding data subvolumes.
Based on the same application concept as the method for extracting data from the full waveform inversion time-sharing window, the invention also provides a device for extracting data from the full waveform inversion time-sharing window. The principle of solving the problem of the device for extracting data by the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion is similar to that of a method for extracting data by the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion, so the implementation of the device for extracting data by the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion can refer to the implementation of the method for extracting data by the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion, and repeated parts are not repeated.
According to the method, effective data are extracted from the time-sharing window of the seismic shot set by utilizing three time windows, wherein the three time windows respectively comprise an early wave, a reflected wave and a surface wave, the early wave and the reflected wave can be used as effective signals for full waveform inversion, the surface wave is removed as noise, the noise is effectively removed, the signal to noise ratio is improved, and high signal to noise ratio data are provided for full waveform inversion.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching a detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the following steps:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching a detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
The invention also provides the computer equipment and a computer readable storage medium based on the same application concept as the method for extracting data from the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion. Because the principle of solving the problem of the computer device and the computer-readable storage medium is similar to the method for extracting data in the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion, the implementation of the computer device and the computer-readable storage medium can refer to the implementation of the method for extracting data in the time-sharing window in the full waveform inversion, and repeated parts are not repeated.
According to the method, effective data are extracted from the time-sharing window of the seismic shot set by utilizing three time windows, wherein the three time windows respectively comprise an early wave, a reflected wave and a surface wave, the early wave and the reflected wave can be used as effective signals for full waveform inversion, the surface wave is removed as noise, the noise is effectively removed, the signal to noise ratio is improved, and high signal to noise ratio data are provided for full waveform inversion.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific embodiments in the invention, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. A method for time-sharing window extraction data in full waveform inversion, the method comprising:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time by using a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining the first upper time window limit and the first lower time window limit using the first arrival time, respectively, and the second upper time window limit and the second lower time window limit comprises:
estimating the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave;
determining a first time window upper limit value, a first time window lower limit value and a second time window upper limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the first arrival waves and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point;
and determining a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein determining the first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value comprises: and determining the first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value, the first time window lower limit value and the maximum period of the first arrival wave.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein determining a second time window function according to the second upper time window limit and the second lower time window limit comprises: and determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value, the second time window lower limit value, the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a third time window upper limit value using the time of arrival of the surface wave at a detector comprises: and estimating the maximum period of the surface wave, and determining the upper limit value of a third time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value comprises: and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value and the maximum period of the surface wave.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the corresponding data subvolumes from the first, second, third time window functions and the seismic data comprises: and multiplying the first time window function, the second time window function and the third time window function with the seismic data respectively to obtain corresponding data subvolumes.
8. An apparatus for time-sharing window extraction of data in a full waveform inversion, the apparatus comprising:
the forward modeling module is used for acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
the time determining module is used for picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching the detector by using the average apparent velocity;
the first and second time window function modules are used for determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by utilizing the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
the third time window function module is used for determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and the data subvolume module is used for determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the first and second time window function modules comprise:
the period estimation unit is used for estimating the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave;
the first determining unit is used for determining a first time window upper limit value, a first time window lower limit value and a second time window upper limit value by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the first arrival waves and the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe;
and the second determining unit is used for determining a lower limit value of a second time window by using the first arrival time, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the demodulator probe.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first and second time window function modules further comprise: and the first time window function unit is used for determining the first time window function according to the upper limit value of the first time window, the lower limit value of the first time window and the maximum period of the first arrival wave.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first and second time window function modules further comprise: and the second time window function unit is used for determining the second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value, the second time window lower limit value, the maximum period of the first arrival wave and the maximum period of the surface wave.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the third time window function module comprises: and the third determining unit is used for estimating the maximum period of the surface wave and determining the upper limit value of a third time window by using the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, the maximum period of the surface wave and the distance from the shot point to the wave detection point.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the third time window function module further comprises: and the third time window function unit is used for determining a third time window function according to the upper limit value of the third time window and the maximum period of the surface wave.
14. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the data subvolume module comprises: and the data subvolume unit is used for multiplying the first time window function, the second time window function and the third time window function with the seismic data respectively to obtain corresponding data subvolumes.
15. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program implements the steps of:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching a detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:
acquiring seismic data and a preset velocity model, and performing forward modeling by using a sound wave equation and the velocity model to obtain forward seismic data;
picking up first arrival time according to a first arrival picking mode, estimating the average apparent velocity of the surface wave in the same direction, and determining the time of the surface wave reaching a detector by using the average apparent velocity;
determining a first time window upper limit value and a first time window lower limit value, and a second time window upper limit value and a second time window lower limit value by using the first arrival time, determining a first time window function according to the first time window upper limit value and the first time window lower limit value, and determining a second time window function according to the second time window upper limit value and the second time window lower limit value;
determining a third time window upper limit value by utilizing the time of the surface wave reaching the detector, and determining a third time window function according to the third time window upper limit value;
and determining a corresponding data subvolume according to the first time window function, the second time window function, the third time window function and the seismic data, and performing full waveform inversion by using the data subvolume.
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