CN110126379A - 一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦 - Google Patents

一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦 Download PDF

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CN110126379A
CN110126379A CN201910354305.5A CN201910354305A CN110126379A CN 110126379 A CN110126379 A CN 110126379A CN 201910354305 A CN201910354305 A CN 201910354305A CN 110126379 A CN110126379 A CN 110126379A
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姜松
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Jiangsu Pai En Type Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其包括镀锌钢板层，在镀锌钢板层的两侧依次设置有聚氨酯胶黏层、铝箔层和耐候改性聚酯膜层，耐候改性聚酯膜层包括PET表层和PET/PVDF底层，PET表层位于远离镀锌钢板板层一侧。本发明的覆膜金属瓦的铝箔层可对紫外光进行有效反射，有效解决了本发明的金属瓦的光老化问题，在金属瓦最外层设置的耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET表层确保本发明的金属瓦具有优良的耐候性能，PET/PVDF底层使得本发明的金属瓦兼具良好的耐高温性能和耐候性能。通过聚氨酯胶黏层使得铝箔层与钢板牢固的黏合，延长其使用寿命。

Description

一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦。
背景技术
目前用于厂房的屋面瓦主要有彩钢瓦和树脂瓦。彩钢瓦是以钢板为基板，并在正反两面涂覆一层保护涂料，经冷弯成型而得；树脂瓦为利用多种树脂复合成型的瓦材。
但是，彩钢瓦的耐候性普遍不强，在使用一段时间后就会生锈并造成厂房漏水，尤其是，当厂房内的生产环境中存在大量具有腐蚀性气体或液体时，彩钢瓦的保护涂层根本不能起到保护的作用，造成彩钢瓦使用一年左右就会生锈，甚至还会发生漏水，严重影响厂房的正常使用，因而不得不重新更换彩钢瓦，并造成较大的资源浪费。树脂瓦虽然耐腐蚀性强，但是其耐热性能以及光稳定性能均较差，在高温及经过一段时间光照后老化，造成树脂瓦的变形，因而也会导致漏水，此外，因树脂瓦的厚度较大，材料本身比较重，因而增加了运输和建筑成本。
发明内容
为克服上述缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其能对阳光中的紫外光线有效反射，可有效减少光照对金属瓦带来的损害。本发明的覆膜金属瓦具有良好的耐候性，使用寿命长，其具有足够的机械强度，承载性能佳。
为了达到以上目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：本发明提供了一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其包括金属板层，在所述金属板层的两侧分别依次设置聚氨酯胶黏层、铝箔层和耐候改性聚酯膜层，所述金属板层为镀锌钢板，所述耐候改性聚酯膜层包括PET表层和PET/PVDF底层，所述PET表层位于远离所述金属板层一侧。通过设置铝箔层对紫外光进行有效反射，有效解决了本发明的金属瓦的光老化问题，在金属瓦最外层设置的耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET表层确保本发明的金属瓦具有优良的耐候性能，PET/PVDF底层使得本发明的金属瓦兼具良好的耐高温性能和耐候性能。
进一步的，所述耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET表层由对苯二甲酸乙二酯、纳米二氧化硅、紫外吸收剂和溶剂制备而来。
更进一步的，所述对苯二甲酸乙二酯与所述纳米二氧化硅的重量比为30-80:1，所述纳米二氧化硅的粒径为10-50微米，所述PET表层的聚酯的重均分子量为不小于32000。
本发明的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦的所述耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET/PVDF底层由对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚偏氟乙烯、二氧化钛和溶剂制备而来。
进一步的，所述二氧化钛的粒径为100-1500微米。
本发明的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦的所述镀锌钢板在使用前经过钝化处理。
本发明的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦的所述聚氨酯胶黏层由以下组分制备而来：改性丙烯酸树脂20～45wt％、有机溶剂20～45wt％、二异氰酸酯化合物5～25wt％、聚碳酸酯3～7wt％、聚乙烯醇1～7wt％和钛酸四丁酯0.5-2wt％。
进一步的，所述改性丙烯酸树脂为丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物，其中，丙烯醇含量为5-14wt％。
更进一步的，所述丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物的数均分子量为4100-5700g/mol。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明的覆膜金属瓦通过设置铝箔层对紫外光进行有效反射，有效解决了本发明的金属瓦的光老化问题，在金属瓦最外层设置的耐候改性聚酯膜层能够有效抵抗外界环境的腐蚀，并确保金属瓦具有一定的机械强度，使其使用寿命延长。通过本发明的聚氨酯胶黏层使得本发明的金属瓦的镀锌钢板与铝箔层粘结紧密，使得金属瓦的覆膜不易脱落，在较长时间内发挥对金属瓦的保护作用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的内容进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
本发明的一个较佳实施例中的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦的金属板层为经过钝化处理的镀锌钢板，将镀锌钢板经过钝化处理是为了有效去除钢板上的污物使得覆膜能够与钢板粘合紧密，并能延长钢板的使用寿命。本发明中使用的钢板钝化剂为昌禾CH-538钝化剂。
本发明的覆膜金属瓦通过在经过钝化处理的镀锌钢板的两侧分别依次设置聚氨酯胶黏层、铝箔层和耐候改性聚酯膜层，通过聚氨酯胶黏层使得铝箔层与镀锌钢板牢固的黏合，铝箔层能够起到对紫外光线的反射而减少光照对覆膜金属瓦的损害，在本发明的覆膜金属瓦的最外侧面上设置的耐候改性聚酯膜层具有较高的化学稳定性因而能够对金属瓦进行有效保护。
作为本发明的一种优选的实施方式，耐候改性聚酯膜层包括PET表层和PET/PVDF底层，PET表层位于远离钢板层一侧。PET表层由对苯二甲酸乙二酯、纳米二氧化硅、紫外吸收剂和溶剂制备而来。优选的，对苯二甲酸乙二酯与纳米二氧化硅的重量比为30-80:1，纳米二氧化硅的粒径为10-50微米，因而，可增加PET表层的机械强度且不会影响铝箔层对光线的反射效果。优选的，PET表层的聚酯的重均分子量在不小于32000时具有更佳的耐候性能。本发明的紫外吸收剂为苯并三氮唑，本实施方式中的溶剂为二甲基乙酰胺。本实施方式中的PET表层的制备过程为：将对苯二甲酸乙二酯溶解于二甲基乙酰胺中制备成溶液后加入紫外吸收剂，待其溶解完全后加入纳米二氧化硅，搅拌均匀后即制得PET表层膜液，随后将膜液涂布于离型纸上，固化成膜后再在80℃环境下干燥10min即制得PET表层。本发明的PET表层中的纳米二氧化硅使PET表层具有一定的机械强度和耐磨性，通过在PET表层中添加紫外吸收剂进一步延长了PET表层的使用寿命。
作为本发明的一种优选的实施方式，耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET/PVDF底层由聚偏氟乙烯、对苯二甲酸乙二酯、二氧化钛和溶剂制备而来。优选的，二氧化钛的粒径为100-1500微米。本实施方式中的溶剂为二甲基乙酰胺。
本实施方式中的PET/PVDF底层的制备过程为：将聚偏氟乙烯和对苯二甲酸乙二酯溶解于二甲基乙酰胺中，待其溶解完全后加入二氧化钛，搅拌均匀后即制得PET/PVDF底层膜液，随后将膜液涂布于离型纸上，固化成膜后再在100℃环境下干燥3min即制得PET/PVDF底层。本实施方式的覆膜金属瓦的PET/PVDF底层中加入的二氧化钛能够将一部分的太阳光线反射，减少光照对金属瓦的影响。
将PET表层和PET/PVDF底层通过胶水粘附后即形成了本发明的耐候改性聚酯膜层。PET/PVDF底层中包含的PET树脂使其能够与PET表层具有更好的粘附性。本发明的覆膜金属瓦的聚氨酯胶黏层由以下成分制备而来：改性丙烯酸树脂20～45wt％、有机溶剂20～45wt％、二异氰酸酯化合物5～25wt％、3～7wt％聚碳酸酯、聚乙烯醇1～7wt％和钛酸四丁酯0.5-2wt％。作为一种优选的实施方式，改性丙烯酸树脂为丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物，其中，丙烯醇含量为5-14wt％。作为另一种优选的实施方式，丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物的数均分子量为4100-5700g/mol。本发明的覆膜金属瓦的聚氨酯胶黏层的制备过程为：将有机溶剂、丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物、聚乙烯醇、聚碳酸酯和钛酸四丁酯、在100-130℃条件下，反应1-2h后加入二甲苯二异氰酸酯,调整温度至90℃左右继续反应1h左右即制得聚氨酯胶黏层。本实施方式中的有机溶剂为二甲苯。
对本发明的覆膜金属瓦的性能检测包括太阳光反射比(检测方法参照JG/T375-2012)、冲击试验(检测方法参照JG149-2003，23±2℃，相对湿度(50±10)％，500g钢球，2m落下)、耐人工气候老化(1800h)(检测方法参照GB/T 16422.2-2014)和承载性能(检测方法参照GB/T 9341-2008)。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦进行详细的说明。
实施例1:
1.耐候改性聚酯膜层的制备
(1)PET表层的制备：将30份对苯二甲酸乙二酯溶解于70份二甲基乙酰胺中制备成溶液后，加入1份苯并三氮唑，待其溶解完全后加入1份纳米二氧化硅，搅拌均匀后即制得PET表层膜液，随后将膜液涂布于离型纸上，固化成膜后再在80℃环境下干燥10min即制得PET表层。
(2)PET/PVDF底层的制备：将30份聚偏氟乙烯和20份对苯二甲酸乙二酯溶解于60份二甲基乙酰胺中，待其溶解完全后加入2份二氧化钛，搅拌均匀后即制得PET/PVDF底层膜液，随后将底层膜液涂布于离型纸上，固化成膜后再在100℃环境下干燥3min即制得PET/PVDF底层。
(3)将PET表层与PET/PVDF底层通过胶水粘结后即制得耐候改性聚酯膜层。
2.聚氨酯胶黏层的制备
将二甲苯20份、丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物20份、聚乙烯醇1份、聚碳酸酯3份和钛酸四丁酯0.5份在100-130℃条件下，反应1-2h后加入二甲苯二异氰酸酯5份,调整温度至90℃左右继续反应1h左右即制得聚氨酯胶黏层。
3.对经过钝化处理的镀锌钢板进行覆膜
(1)在经过钝化处理的镀锌钢板的两侧涂覆步骤2制得的聚氨酯胶黏层，聚氨酯胶黏层的涂覆厚度为50-100微米；
(2)选取厚度为10-20微米的铝箔并将其缓慢贴于步骤(1)的聚氨酯胶黏层的表面后，在40-80℃下烘干；
(3)在铝箔的外表面涂布胶水，上胶量为40-60g/m2涂布均匀后将步骤1的耐候改性聚酯膜层贴附于铝箔外表面的胶水层上，在40-65℃烘干，即制得本发明的覆膜金属瓦。
4.对本实施例的覆膜金属瓦的性能进行检测，检测结果如表1所示。
实施例2:
本实施例中，各原料的添加份数分别为：
PET表层中各原料添加份数：对苯二甲酸乙二酯60份、纳米二氧化硅1份、苯并三氮唑2份、二甲基乙酰胺80份；
PET/PVDF底层中各原料添加份数：聚偏氟乙烯40份、对苯二甲酸乙二酯30份、二氧化钛4份、二甲基乙酰胺90份；
聚氨酯胶黏层中各原料添加份数：丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物30份、二甲苯40份、二甲苯二异氰酸酯10份、聚碳酸酯5份、聚乙烯醇4份、钛酸四丁酯1份。
对本实施例的覆膜金属瓦的性能进行检测，检测结果如表1所示。
实施例3:
本实施例中，各原料的添加份数分别为：
PET表层中各原料添加份数：对苯二甲酸乙二酯70份、纳米二氧化硅1份、苯并三氮唑1.5份、二甲基乙酰胺90份；
PET/PVDF底层中各原料添加份数：聚偏氟乙烯60份、对苯二甲酸乙二酯20份、二氧化钛5份、二甲基乙酰胺80份；
聚氨酯胶黏层中各原料添加份数：丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物45份、二甲苯45份、二甲苯二异氰酸酯15份、聚碳酸酯7份、聚乙烯醇6份、钛酸四丁酯2份。
对本实施例的覆膜金属瓦的性能进行检测，检测结果如表1所示。
实施例4:
本实施例中，各原料的添加份数分别为：
PET表层中各原料添加份数：对苯二甲酸乙二酯80份、纳米二氧化硅1份、苯并三氮唑3份、二甲基乙酰胺100份；
PET/PVDF底层中各原料添加份数：聚偏氟乙烯50份、对苯二甲酸乙二酯30份、二氧化钛3份、二甲基乙酰胺85份；
聚氨酯胶黏层中各原料添加份数：丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物35份、二甲苯35份、二甲苯二异氰酸酯25份、聚碳酸酯6份、聚乙烯醇7份、钛酸四丁酯1.5份。
对本实施例的覆膜金属瓦的性能进行检测，检测结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-4的覆膜金属瓦的性能检测结果
以上实施方式只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人了解本发明的内容并加以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围，凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，包括金属板层，其特征在于，在所述金属板层的两侧分别依次设置聚氨酯胶黏层、铝箔层和耐候改性聚酯膜层，所述金属板层为镀锌钢板，所述耐候改性聚酯膜层包括PET表层和PET/PVDF底层，所述PET表层位于远离所述金属板层一侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET表层由对苯二甲酸乙二酯、纳米二氧化硅、紫外吸收剂和溶剂制备而来。
3.根据权利要求2所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述对苯二甲酸乙二酯与所述纳米二氧化硅的重量比为30-80:1，所述纳米二氧化硅的粒径为10-50微米，所述PET表层的聚酯的重均分子量为不小于32000。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述耐候改性聚酯膜层的PET/PVDF底层由对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚偏氟乙烯、二氧化钛和溶剂制备而来。
5.根据权利要求4所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述二氧化钛的粒径为100-1500微米。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述镀锌钢板在使用前经过钝化处理。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述聚氨酯胶黏层由以下组分制备而来：改性丙烯酸树脂20～45wt％、有机溶剂20～45wt％、二异氰酸酯化合物5～25wt％、聚碳酸酯3～7wt％、聚乙烯醇1～7wt％和钛酸四丁酯0.5-2wt％。
8.根据权利要求7所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述改性丙烯酸树脂为丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物，其中，丙烯醇含量为5-14wt％。
9.根据权利要求8所述的高强度高耐候性的覆膜金属瓦，其特征在于，所述丙烯醇-丙烯酸羟乙酯共聚物的数均分子量为4100-5700g/mo l。
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