CN110117445A - 保护膜组合物及使用保护膜组合物制造半导体封装的方法 - Google Patents

保护膜组合物及使用保护膜组合物制造半导体封装的方法 Download PDF

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CN110117445A
CN110117445A CN201910101169.9A CN201910101169A CN110117445A CN 110117445 A CN110117445 A CN 110117445A CN 201910101169 A CN201910101169 A CN 201910101169A CN 110117445 A CN110117445 A CN 110117445A
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sawing
protective film
semiconductor
film composition
sawing protective
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CN110117445B (zh
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严明彻
李惠卿
姜昌根
金宰贤
吴敬日
吴承根
李治焕
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Dongjin Semichem Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
Dongjin Semichem Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种保护膜组合物包含具有以下式的聚合物:a、b及c中的每一者为摩尔分数;a+b+c=1;0.05≤a/(a+b+c)≤0.3;0.1≤b/(a+b+c)≤0.6;0.1≤c/(a+b+c)≤0.6;R1、R2及R3中的每一者为氢原子或甲基;R4为氢原子、丁内酯基或者经取代或未经取代的C3到C30脂环族烃基;且R5为经取代或未经取代的C6到C30线状或环状烃基。一种制造半导体封装的方法包括:使用保护膜组合物在半导体结构上形成锯切保护膜;以及从锯切保护膜对锯切保护膜及半导体结构进行锯切。

Description

保护膜组合物及使用保护膜组合物制造半导体封装的方法
[相关申请的交叉参考]
本申请主张在2018年2月5日在韩国知识产权局提出申请的韩国专利申请第10-2018-0014169号的优先权,所述韩国专利申请的公开内容全文并入本申请供参考。
技术领域
本发明概念的示例性实施例涉及一种保护膜组合物,且更具体来说涉及一种使用所述组合物制造半导体封装的方法。
背景技术
半导体封装可为相对小且重量相对轻的电子装置。因此,具有相对小尺寸的半导体封装可包括相对高度集成且相对高性能的半导体芯片。例如,当执行锯切工艺以单体化出半导体集成电路裸片时,可保护集成电路裸片免受污染及损坏。
发明内容
本发明概念的示例性实施例提供一种能够保护集成电路装置在单体化出半导体集成电路裸片的锯切工艺期间免受由于散射颗粒而造成的污染或物理损坏的保护膜组合物。
本发明概念的示例性实施例提供一种制造半导体封装的方法,以保护集成电路装置在单体化出半导体集成电路裸片的锯切工艺期间免受由于散射颗粒而造成的污染或物理损坏。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,提供一种保护膜组合物,所述保护膜组合物包含具有式(1)的聚合物;以及溶剂。
式(1)
其中a、b及c中的每一者为摩尔分数;a+b+c=1;0.05≤a/(a+b+c)≤0.3;0.1≤b/(a+b+c)≤0.6;0.1≤c/(a+b+c)≤0.6;R1、R2及R3中的每一者为氢原子或甲基;R4为氢原子、丁内酯基(butyrolactonyl group)或者经取代或未经取代的C3到C30脂环族烃基;且R5为经取代或未经取代的C6到C30线状或环状烃基。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,一种制造半导体封装的方法包括形成半导体结构。所述方法包括:使用根据式(1)的保护膜组合物在所述半导体结构上形成锯切保护膜。所述方法包括:从所述锯切保护膜的表面对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行锯切。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,一种制造半导体封装的方法包括形成半导体结构,所述半导体结构包括包含多个微透镜的传感器阵列区。所述方法包括:使用根据式(1)的保护膜组合物在所述半导体结构上形成锯切保护膜。锯切保护膜实质上覆盖所述多个微透镜。所述方法包括:将所述半导体结构单体化成多个半导体裸片以及将所述锯切保护膜分成多个锯切保护图案。通过从所述锯切保护膜的表面对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行锯切来执行单体化。所述方法包括:使用碱性水溶液移除所述多个锯切保护图案。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,一种保护膜组合物包含具有式(1)的聚合物以及溶剂。
式(1)
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,a、b及c中的每一者为摩尔分数;a+b+c=1;0.05≤a/(a+b+c)≤0.3;0.1≤b/(a+b+c)≤0.6;0.1≤c/(a+b+c)≤0.6。R1、R2及R3中的每一者为氢原子或甲基,其限制条件是R1、R2及R3中的至少一者为甲基。R4为丁内酯基或者经取代或未经取代的C3到C30脂环族烃基。R5为经取代或未经取代的C6到C30线状或环状烃基。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,保护膜组合物提供具有相对高的透射率及相对高的粘附性的锯切保护膜,且因此芯片对准键(chip alignment key)即使覆盖有锯切保护膜,仍可被识别(例如,可容易看到)。由于相对高的粘附性,锯切保护膜在锯切工艺期间不会从裸片表面被剥离或拆离。另外,从根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜对来自其外部的物理冲击具有抵抗力,且当包括粘合层的另一材料膜接触锯切保护膜并接着从其分离时,锯切保护膜与粘合层不具有反应性且因此锯切保护膜不会被损坏。此外,在衬底上形成锯切保护膜之后,尽管可执行衬底的背面研磨,然而锯切保护膜仍会维持相对完整的状态而不会被破坏,因此在锯切工艺期间锯切保护膜可有效地保护裸片表面。此外,由于从根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可通过碱性水溶液相对容易地及快速地移除,因此锯切保护膜可应用于制造半导体封装的工艺。例如,碱性溶液可为相对低气味及相对低毒性的溶液(例如,可为环境友好型溶液)。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,由于制造半导体封装的方法可防止在单体化出半导体集成电路裸片的锯切工艺期间由于散射颗粒而造成集成电路装置的污染、物理损坏等,因此所述方法可提高制造半导体封装的工艺的良率。
附图说明
通过参照附图详细阐述本发明概念的示例性实施例,本发明概念的以上及其他特征将变得更显而易见,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法的流程图。
图2A、图2B、图2C及图2D示出根据图1的制造半导体封装的方法的工艺。
图3A是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的图像传感器的示意性平面图。
图3B是图3A所示图像传感器的剖视图。
图4是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的逻辑装置的剖视图。
图5是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的存储器装置的剖视图。
图6是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的图像传感器堆叠结构的剖视图。
图7是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的形成在图像传感器堆叠结构上的锯切保护膜的剖视图。
图8是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法的流程图。
图9A及图9B示出根据图8的制造半导体封装的方法的工艺。
图10是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法的流程图。
图11A、图11B、图11C、图11D、图11E、图11F及图11G示出根据图10的制造半导体封装的方法的工艺。
[符号的说明]
100:图像传感器
100A、202、710A:第一表面
100B、204、710B:第二表面
110:图像传感器主体
120:单位像素
125:滤色器
130:导电垫/垫
132:保护层
135、255:硅通孔接触件
150:微透镜
200:逻辑装置
210:逻辑衬底
220:布线结构
224:布线层
226:层间电介质
230:导电垫
238、352:绝缘层
240:逻辑再分布结构
242:逻辑再分布线
244:再分布绝缘层
246:球下金属层
248:连接端子
300:存储器装置
300A:存储器芯片
302:模制单元
310:下部衬底
312:裸片键合膜
350:存储器再分布结构
354:存储器再分布线
360:芯片垫
400:图像传感器堆叠结构
510:锯切保护膜
510C、SC:切割线
510P:锯切保护图案
510S:凹进的表面
610、750:支撑带
700、ST:半导体结构
700D、SD:半导体裸片
710、SUB:衬底
720:半导体装置
730:层压膜
CR:电路区
D1:第一厚度
D2:第二厚度
DA:裸片区域
P12、P14、P16、P18、P22、P24、P26、P28、P30、P42、P44、P46、P48、P50、P52、P54:工艺
PCR:外围电路区
PR:垫区
SAR:传感器阵列区
SL:划线
具体实施方式
在下文中,将参照附图来更详细地阐述本发明概念的示例性实施例。就这一点来说,示例性实施例可具有不同的形式且不应被视为仅限于本文所述的本发明概念的示例性实施例。在说明书通篇及所有图中,相同的参考编号可指代相同的元件。
本文所使用的用语“保护膜”可指保护半导体结构中所包括的多个裸片区域在制造半导体封装时在单体化出所述多个裸片区域的锯切工艺期间或者在锯切工艺之前和/或锯切工艺之后的工艺期间免受污染或损坏。本文所使用的用语“室温”可指约20℃到约28℃的温度,且可随着季节而变化。
一种制造半导体封装的工艺可包括在衬底上形成集成电路装置的工艺。制造半导体封装的工艺可包括:通过例如研磨、摩擦或抛光等方法研磨衬底的背面的工艺。制造半导体封装的工艺可包括:通过锯切衬底将包括上面形成的集成电路装置的衬底分离成多个裸片的工艺;以及使用真空装置各别地拾取分离的裸片并将分离的裸片转移到后续工艺的工艺。裸片的表面可能在锯切工艺期间被各种散射颗粒污染。尽管一些颗粒可通过在锯切工艺期间使用以高压喷射的去离子水(deionized water,DIW)来移除,然而取决于经历锯切工艺的芯片的结构而产生的各种颗粒可被吸附到裸片表面上,且这些吸附的颗粒仅通过去离子水的射流可能无法移除,且因此可能造成集成电路的缺陷。例如,在包括拍摄物体的图片并执行向电信号转换的图像传感器的裸片中,包括在有源像素传感器(active pixelsensor,APS)阵列中的多个透镜可能暴露在裸片表面上,且由于所述多个透镜可能由于颗粒而容易被污染,因此根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,可防止在锯切工艺期间或在锯切工艺之前和/或之后的工艺期间可能发生的污染。
本发明概念的示例性实施例提供一种能够保护集成电路装置在单体化出半导体集成电路裸片的锯切工艺期间免受由于散射颗粒而造成的污染或物理损坏的保护膜组合物。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,保护膜组合物可包含具有式(1)的聚合物;以及溶剂。
式(1)
在式(1)中,根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,a、b及c中的每一者为摩尔分数;a+b+c=1;0.05≤a/(a+b+c)≤0.3;0.1≤b/(a+b+c)≤0.6;0.1≤c/(a+b+c)≤0.6;R1、R2及R3中的每一者为氢原子或甲基;R4为氢原子、丁内酯基或者经取代或未经取代的C3到C30脂环族烃基;且R5为经取代或未经取代的C6到C30线状或环状烃基。
根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中所包含的聚合物可具有约10,000到约1,000,000的重量平均分子量(Mw)。举例来说,聚合物可具有约40,000到约1,000,000的重量平均分子量(Mw)。如果聚合物的重量平均分子量(Mw)小于10,000,则从包含所述聚合物的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可能难以确保所需要的对物理冲击的抵抗力,且因此锯切保护膜可能在锯切工艺期间被破坏。如果聚合物的重量平均分子量(Mw)大于1,000,000,则当锯切保护膜在锯切工艺完成后被移除时,锯切保护膜可能无法完全剥离及移除,且可能仍残留在裸片上。
具有式(1)的聚合物的量可依据例如将形成的锯切保护膜的厚度而进行各种不同地确定,且聚合物可包含在根据本发明概念的示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中。举例来说,当将要形成厚度为约1μm到约10μm的锯切保护膜时,以保护膜组合物的总重量计,在保护膜组合物中可存在约10重量%(wt%)到约50重量%的量的具有式(1)的聚合物。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,式(1)中的R4及R5中的至少一者可包括醚基、羰基、酯基或羟基。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,式(1)中的R4及R5中的至少一者可包括选自O、S及N中的至少一个杂原子。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,式(1)中的R4可具有选自以下结构中的结构:
符号“*”表示结合位点。
式(1)中的R5可具有选自以下结构中的结构:
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,符号“*”表示结合位点;m为选自2到15的整数;n为选自1到10的整数;R6为氢原子、甲基或叔丁基;且R7为甲基、苯基、C1到C10烷基取代的苯基或C3到C10烷基羰基。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,R5可具有选自以下结构中的结构:
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,符号“*”表示结合位点。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,R5可具有选自以下结构中的结构:
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,符号“*”表示结合位点。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,R5可具有选自以下结构中的结构:
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,符号“*”表示结合位点。
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,一种保护膜组合物包含具有式(1)的聚合物以及溶剂。
式(1)
根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,a、b及c中的每一者为摩尔分数;a+b+c=1;0.05≤a/(a+b+c)≤0.3;0.1≤b/(a+b+c)≤0.6;0.1≤c/(a+b+c)≤0.6。R1、R2及R3中的每一者为氢原子或甲基,其限制条件是R1、R2及R3中的至少一者为甲基。R4为丁内酯基或者经取代或未经取代的C3到C30脂环族烃基。R5为经取代或未经取代的C6到C30线状或环状烃基。
在式(1)中,由“a”标记的单体单元(其在本文中可被称为“单体单元a”)可有助于提供相对于碱性水溶液的相对高的溶解度,所述碱性水溶液可用于移除从根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜。碱性水溶液(例如,浓度为约0.5重量%到约5重量%的四甲基氢氧化铵(tetramethylammonium hydroxide,TMAH)水溶液)可具有相对低的毒性及相对低的恶臭,且因此当用于移除锯切保护膜时可提高环境友好性。在具有式(1)的聚合物中,如果单体单元a的摩尔分数小于0.05,则从包含具有式(1)的聚合物的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可能不容易通过碱性水溶液来移除。如果单体单元a的摩尔分数大于0.3,则锯切保护膜可能在锯切工艺期间被去离子水溶解,且因此可能无法用作保护裸片的保护膜。
在式(1)中,由“b”标记的单体单元(其在本文中可被称为“单体单元b”)可控制聚合物的刚性,且可对式(1)提供粘合性质。在具有式(1)的聚合物中,如果单体单元b的摩尔分数小于0.1,则从包含具有式(1)的聚合物的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可能比所期望的更粘,且如果单体单元b的摩尔分数大于0.6,则锯切保护膜可能具有太高的刚性且因此可能相对有可能被其外部的物理冲击破坏。
在式(1)中,由“c”标记的单体单元(其在本文中可被称为“单体单元c”)可控制聚合物的可挠性。在具有式(1)的聚合物中,如果单体单元c的摩尔分数小于0.1,则从包含具有式(1)的聚合物的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可能相对有可能被其外部的物理冲击破坏,且如果单体单元c的摩尔分数大于0.6,则锯切保护膜可能比所期望的更粘。
当将根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物涂布在半导体裸片上时,保护膜组合物中所包含的溶剂可防止产生涂布污渍且可提高涂布均匀性,因而提供具有实质上平的顶表面的实质上均匀的涂膜。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,溶剂可包括有机溶剂。举例来说,溶剂可包括N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、γ-丁内酯、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜、二乙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二丁醚、丙二醇单甲醚、二丙二醇单甲醚、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乳酸丁酯、甲基-1,3-丁二醇乙酸酯、1,3-丁二醇-3-单甲醚、丙酮酸甲酯、丙酮酸乙酯、甲基-3-甲氧基丙酸酯或其组合。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物还可包含硅烷化合物。硅烷化合物可增加对施加有保护膜组合物的裸片表面的粘附性。当硅烷化合物包含在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中时,以具有式(1)的聚合物的总重量计,可存在约0.01重量%到约15重量%的量的硅烷化合物。如果硅烷化合物的量大于15重量%,则由于硅烷化合物的自交联反应,可能会降低保护膜组合物的存储稳定性。
举例来说,硅烷化合物可包括N-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基乙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基乙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基丁基三甲氧基硅烷、N-苯基氨基丁基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三氯硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、3-丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、对苯乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷或其组合,但并非仅限于此。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物还可包含表面活性剂。表面活性剂可进一步提高根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物的涂布均匀性。当通过碱性水溶液来移除从保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜时,表面活性剂可使锯切保护膜更容易被移除。当表面活性剂包含在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中时,以具有式(1)的聚合物的总重量计,可存在约0.001重量%到约0.01重量%的量的表面活性剂。
表面活性剂的实例可包括:聚氧乙烯辛基苯基醚;聚氧乙烯壬基苯基醚;购自大日本油墨及化学有限公司(Dainippon Ink and Chemicals Co.,Ltd.)的产品型号F171、F172及F173;购自住友泰瑞姆有限公司(Sumitomo teuriem Co.,Ltd.)的产品型号FC430及FC431;或购自信越化学有限公司(Shin-Etsu Chemical Co.,Ltd)的产品型号KP341,但并非仅限于此。
具有式(1)且包含在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中的聚合物可包括(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体单元。(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体单元可具有相对高的透射率。因此,在锯切工艺期间,即使当在裸片中形成的芯片对准键覆盖有从保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜时,芯片对准键仍可充分地被锯切机械识别。举例来说,锯切保护膜可为充分透明的,以使芯片对准键对机械操作员或者自动锯切机械的传感器可见。因此,在锯切工艺中不需要单独的识别芯片对准键的工艺。另外,(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体单元可具有相对强的粘附性。因此,在锯切工艺期间,从保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可有效地保护裸片表面而不会从裸片表面剥离或拆离。
根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物可能不包含能够诱发具有式(1)的聚合物的化学反应的材料,例如反应材料(例如潜性酸(potential acid))。本文所使用的用语“潜性酸”可指在特定条件下产生酸的材料,例如酸产生剂(例如光酸产生剂(photoacid generator,PAG)或热酸产生剂(thermal acid generator,TAG))。由于根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物不包含能够诱发具有式(1)的聚合物的化学反应的反应材料,因此当由保护膜组合物形成锯切保护膜时,可防止具有式(1)的聚合物的链结构变化。因此,锯切保护膜可确保强度且因此确保对来自其外部的物理冲击的抵抗力。另外,具有式(1)且包含在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中的聚合物与其他材料膜(例如,裸片的被暴露的表面或者在制造半导体封装的工艺中所使用的层压膜)可能具有相对低的反应性。因此,在制造半导体封装的工艺中,当从保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜键合到具有粘合层的另一材料膜并接着从所述另一材料膜分离时,可防止锯切保护膜的部分残留在所述另一材料膜上及损坏锯切保护膜。举例来说,在锯切保护膜形成在裸片表面上之后,当在锯切工艺之前在将层压膜键合到锯切保护膜上然后使层压膜从锯切保护膜分离的同时对衬底执行某一工艺(例如,背面研磨工艺)时,可防止出现锯切保护膜的部分紧贴层压膜从而与层压膜一起被从裸片移除。此外,可防止出现锯切保护膜部分地从裸片拆离。因此,在锯切保护膜形成在裸片表面上之后,尽管在锯切工艺之前,可添加将层压膜键合到锯切保护膜上以及使层压膜从锯切保护膜分离的工艺,然而在后续锯切工艺期间锯切保护膜仍可有效地保护裸片表面。
根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物可用于形成具有足以在锯切工艺中保护裸片的最小厚度(例如,至少1.0μm的厚度)的锯切保护膜。
从根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可能不会由于去离子水而发生溶胀。因此,在锯切工艺期间,由于即使当对锯切保护膜施加去离子水的高压射流时仍不会发生由于去离子水造成的锯切保护膜的溶胀,因此可防止在锯切工艺期间由于溶胀而造成的锯切保护膜从裸片拆离。
根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物可通过具有相对低毒性及相对低恶臭的环境友好型碱性水溶液相对容易地及快速地移除,例如通过浓度为约2重量%到约5重量%的TMAH水溶液来移除。因此,当锯切保护膜用于锯切工艺中时,可简单地及有效地制造半导体封装,甚至无需添加繁琐或复杂的工艺。因此,可提高制造良率,可提高制造工艺效率,且可降低制造成本。
以下将参照实例更详细地阐述根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法。
图1是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法的流程图。
图2A、图2B、图2C及图2D示出根据图1的制造半导体封装的方法的工艺。
参照图1及图2A,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P12中,形成半导体结构ST。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,半导体结构ST可包括形成在衬底SUB的有源表面上的多个裸片区域DA。衬底SUB上的所述多个裸片区域DA可通过划线(scribe lane)SL彼此分离。例如,所述多个裸片区域DA可排列成矩阵的行及列。例如,衬底SUB可为实质上圆的衬底;然而本发明概念的示例性实施例并非仅限于此。举例来说,衬底SUB可具有正方形或矩形形状,衬底SUB包括排列在其上的多个裸片区域DA。
衬底SUB可包括半导体衬底。在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,衬底SUB还可包括多层布线结构及使多层布线结构绝缘的绝缘层。
在所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者中可形成包括各种种类的多个各别装置的半导体装置。所述多个各别装置可包括各种微电子装置,例如金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor,MOSFET),例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor,CMOS)晶体管;系统大规模集成(system large scale integration,LSI);图像传感器,例如CMOS成像传感器(CMOSimaging sensor,CIS);微机电系统(micro-electromechanical system,MEMS);有源元件;或无源元件。所述多个各别装置可分别电连接到衬底SUB的导电区。所述多个各别装置中的每一者可通过绝缘膜与邻近其的其他各别装置电分离。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者可包括图像传感器。图像传感器可包括CMOS成像传感器(CIS),CMOS成像传感器包括包含多个微透镜的有源像素传感器(active pixel sensor,APS)。
图3A是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的图像传感器的示意性平面图。图3B是图3A所示图像传感器的剖视图。参照图3A阐述的图像传感器可包括在以上参照图2A更详细阐述的所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者中。
参照图3A及图3B,图像传感器100可包括图像传感器主体110,图像传感器主体110包括传感器阵列区SAR、电路区CR及垫区PR。
在传感器阵列区SAR中,可形成像素阵列,所述像素阵列包括以矩阵形式排列的多个单位像素120。电路区CR可包括包含多个晶体管的电子装置。电路区CR可包括布线结构,所述布线结构用于为传感器阵列区SAR的单位像素120提供信号或用于控制输出信号。所述多个单位像素120可分别为有源像素传感器。
在垫区PR中,可形成多个导电垫130。所述多个导电垫130可用于向封装基部衬底或图像传感器100外部的装置发送电信号和/或从封装基部衬底及外部装置接收电信号。导电垫130可设置在图像传感器100的第一表面100A上。垫区PR可排列在传感器阵列区SAR周围。例如,在平面图中,垫区PR可排列在传感器阵列区SAR的四个边处;然而本发明概念的示例性实施例并非仅限于此。举例来说,在平面图中,垫区PR可排列在传感器阵列区SAR的少于四个边处。所述多个导电垫130可电连接到所述多个单位像素120。图像传感器100可包括多个布线结构,所述多个布线结构提供所述多个导电垫130、电路区CR中所包括的电子装置以及传感器阵列区SAR中所包括的所述多个单位像素120之间的电连接。电路区CR及垫区PR可包括在图像传感器100的外围电路区PCR中。
参照图3B,图像传感器100可包括位于图像传感器的彼此相对的侧处的第一表面100A及第二表面100B。举例来说,图像传感器100的第一表面100A可为图像传感器100的上表面,且图像传感器100的第二表面100B可为图像传感器100的底表面。所述多个单位像素120可排列在图像传感器100的第一表面100A侧上。可在所述多个单位像素120上形成多个滤色器125及多个微透镜150。举例来说,滤色器125可各自分别直接接触单位像素120,且微透镜150可各自分别直接接触滤色器125。
所述多个微透镜150可将入射在传感器阵列区SAR上的光聚集在所述多个单位像素120上。当每一单位像素120包括光电二极管时,所述多个微透镜150可将入射在传感器阵列区SAR上的光聚集在所述多个单位像素120的光电二极管上。所述多个微透镜150中的每一者可包含例如TMR系列树脂(购自东京应化工业有限公司(Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co.,Ltd.))或MFR系列树脂(购自日本合成橡胶有限公司(Japan Synthetic Rubber Co.,Ltd.))。
图像传感器100可包括多个硅通孔(through-silicon via,TSV)接触件135,硅通孔接触件135穿透图像传感器100以使形成在第一表面100A上的导电垫130分别电连接到形成在第二表面100B上的导电垫130。举例来说,硅通孔接触件135可完全穿透图像传感器主体110的厚度。可在第二表面100B上形成保护层132,保护层132具有暴露出导电垫130的开口。保护层132可包括氧化物膜、氮化物膜或其组合。
再次参照图2A,在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者可包括逻辑装置。
图4是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的逻辑装置的剖视图。参照图4阐述的逻辑装置可包括在以上参照图2A更详细阐述的裸片区域DA中的每一者中。
参照图4,逻辑装置200可包括逻辑衬底210及形成在逻辑衬底210上的布线结构220。逻辑衬底210的位置可对应于衬底SUB(参见例如图2A)。布线结构220可包括多个布线层224。布线结构220可具有包括多层布线层224的多层结构。层间电介质226可使所述多个布线层224彼此绝缘。布线层224可完全穿透层间电介质226的厚度。各种逻辑电路可包括所述多个布线层224中的一些布线层或所有布线层。各种逻辑电路可包括处理器、模拟数字转换器(analog-to-digital converter,ADC)、数字模拟转换器(digital-to-analogconverter,DAC)或锁相环(phase-locked loop,PLL)。
逻辑装置200可包括位于布线结构220侧上的第一表面202以及位于逻辑衬底210侧上的第二表面204,逻辑衬底210侧是第一表面202的相对侧。例如,第一表面202可为逻辑装置200的上表面,且第二表面204可为逻辑装置200的底表面。在逻辑装置200中,可形成多个硅通孔接触件255以穿透逻辑衬底210。可在逻辑装置200的第二表面204上形成绝缘层238及逻辑再分布结构240。逻辑再分布结构240可包括多个逻辑再分布线242以及覆盖所述多个逻辑再分布线242的再分布绝缘层244。所述多个逻辑再分布线242可连接到逻辑装置200中所包括的布线结构220。所述多个逻辑再分布线242可连接到暴露在逻辑装置200的第二表面204上的导电垫230,第二表面204对应于逻辑衬底210的背面。所述多个硅通孔接触件255中的每一者可经由逻辑再分布结构240及球下金属(under-bump metallization,UBM)层246连接到多个连接端子248中的一者。所述多个硅通孔接触件255中的每一者的第一端可连接到布线结构220中所包括的布线层224,且所述多个硅通孔接触件255中的每一者的第二端可连接到逻辑再分布结构240的逻辑再分布线242。
再次参照图2A,在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者可包括存储器装置。
图5是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的存储器装置的剖视图。参照图5阐述的存储器装置可包括在以上参照图2A更详细阐述的所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者中。
参照图5,存储器装置300可包括存储器芯片300A。可通过在晶片上形成存储器装置、然后通过执行钝化工艺及锯切工艺来将晶片分离成多个裸片来获得存储器芯片300A。存储器芯片300A可位于存储器装置300的上表面与下表面之间。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,存储器芯片300A可包括动态随机存取存储器(dynamic random access memory,DRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(static random accessmemory,SRAM)、相变随机存取存储器(phase-change random access memory,PRAM)、磁阻随机存取存储器(magnetoresistive random access memory,MRAM)、铁电随机存取存储器(ferroelectric random access memory,FeRAM)、电阻式随机存取存储器(resistiverandom access memory,RRAM)、闪存存储器或电可擦可编程只读存储器(electricallyerasable programmable read-only memory,EEPROM)装置。
存储器芯片300A可通过模制单元302密封在下部衬底310上。模制单元302可在存储器芯片300A的周围形成以覆盖存储器芯片300A的侧壁。因此,模制单元302可直接接触存储器芯片300A的侧表面。模制单元302可包含环氧树脂。在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,存储器芯片300A可通过裸片键合膜312贴附到下部衬底310上。然而,本发明概念的示例性实施例并非仅限于此。举例来说,裸片键合膜312可被省略,且存储器芯片300A可直接接触下部衬底310。
下部衬底310可包括多层布线结构及使多层布线结构绝缘的绝缘层。在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,下部衬底310可被省略。
存储器芯片300A可包括多个芯片垫360。芯片垫360可设置在存储器芯片300A的上表面上。芯片垫360可直接接触存储器芯片300A的上表面(例如,与下部衬底310相对的侧)。所述多个芯片垫360可各自包括暴露在存储器芯片300A外部的导电层。电信号可经由所述多个芯片垫360从存储器芯片300A外部输入到存储器芯片300A的内部,或者从存储器芯片300A的内部输出到存储器芯片300A的外部。所述多个芯片垫360可依据例如存储器芯片300A的类型或性质而被形成为各种数目及形状。
存储器装置300可包括排列在存储器芯片300A及模制单元302上的存储器再分布结构350。存储器再分布结构350可包括实质上覆盖存储器芯片300A及模制单元302的绝缘层352以及形成在绝缘层352上的多个存储器再分布线354。所述多个芯片垫360可连接到存储器再分布线354。存储器芯片300A的输入/输出(input/output,I/O)端子布线可经由所述多个芯片垫360连接到存储器再分布线354。
再次参照图2A,在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者可包括其中图像传感器100(参见例如图3A及图3B)、逻辑装置200(参见例如图4)或存储器装置300(参见例如图5)中的至少两者堆叠成垂直地彼此交叠的堆叠结构。举例来说,图像传感器100(参见例如图3A及图3B)、逻辑装置200(参见例如图4)或存储器装置300(参见例如图5)中的所述至少两者可沿着与存储器芯片300A的下表面正交的方向彼此交叠。
图6是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的图像传感器堆叠结构的剖视图。
参照图6,图像传感器堆叠结构400可包括被排列成垂直地彼此交叠(例如,沿着与存储器芯片300的下表面正交的方向依序堆叠在彼此上)的图像传感器100、逻辑装置200及存储器装置300。
参照图1及图2B,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P14中,可使用根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物在工艺P12中形成的半导体结构ST上形成锯切保护膜510。
为了形成锯切保护膜510,可将根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物旋涂在半导体结构ST上,然后执行通过对经涂布的保护膜组合物施加热量来使保护膜组合物中所包含的溶剂挥发的软烘烤(soft-baking)工艺。软烘烤工艺可在选自约105℃到约130℃范围内的温度下、例如在约120℃的温度下执行。
图7是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的形成在图像传感器堆叠结构上的锯切保护膜的剖视图。
参照图7,锯切保护膜510可被形成为直接接触图像传感器堆叠结构400的图像传感器100中所包括的所述多个微透镜150。所述多个微透镜150可能相对于图像传感器100的其他部分来说相对易于被颗粒污染。所述多个微透镜150可实质上覆盖有锯切保护膜510,且因此可在后续工艺中防止所述多个微透镜150以及包括所述多个微透镜150的图像传感器堆叠结构400被污染。
根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物可包含具有式(1)的聚合物。具有式(1)的聚合物可包括丙烯酸酯单体单元和/或甲基丙烯酸酯单体单元,且因此可具有相对高的透射率。因此,当在图像传感器堆叠结构400上形成锯切保护膜510的同时执行后续锯切工艺时,尽管在所述多个裸片区域DA中形成的芯片对准键覆盖有锯切保护膜510,然而芯片对准键仍可充分地被锯切机械识别。举例来说,锯切保护膜可为充分透明的,以使芯片对准键对机械操作员或者自动锯切机械的传感器可见。另外,锯切保护膜510可维持以相对强的粘附性键合到图像传感器100的表面上。因此,在后续锯切工艺期间,锯切保护膜510可保护图像传感器100的表面而不会从图像传感器100的表面剥离或拆离。
在形成锯切保护膜510之后,锯切保护膜510的底表面可具有直接接触所述多个微透镜150的凹进的表面510S,凹进的表面510S与图像传感器100中所包括的所述多个微透镜150的形状对应。因此,由于锯切保护膜510实质上覆盖所述多个微透镜150且锯切保护膜510与所述多个微透镜150之间无分离空间,因此锯切保护膜510可保护所述多个微透镜150。
参照图1及图2C,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P16中,当锯切保护膜510实质上覆盖半导体结构ST时,可沿着划线SL从锯切保护膜510的表面对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构ST进行锯切。
锯切工艺可使用刀片或激光束来执行。参照图2C,可在锯切工艺期间在锯切保护膜510中形成切割线510C。在执行锯切工艺之后,半导体结构ST可被单体化成多个半导体裸片SD,且锯切保护膜510可被分成多个锯切保护图案510P。
在根据工艺P16执行锯切工艺时,从半导体结构ST的组件的切割表面产生的散射颗粒可贴附到锯切保护膜510的表面上。由于半导体结构ST覆盖有锯切保护膜510,因此易受污染(例如颗粒)的所述多个半导体裸片SD的表面(例如,所述多个微透镜150的表面)可能不会被异物(例如颗粒)污染。
参照图1及图2D,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P18中,移除锯切保护膜510。可移除可被分成所述多个锯切保护图案510P的锯切保护膜510,从而暴露出所述多个半导体裸片SD中的每一者的顶表面。
参照图2D,可通过执行锯切工艺在半导体结构ST中形成切割线SC。举例来说,可在工艺P16期间形成切割线SC。
为了移除锯切保护膜510,可使用碱性水溶液。在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,碱性水溶液可包括浓度为约2重量%到约5重量%的TMAH水溶液。
可在室温下执行移除锯切保护膜510的工艺。在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,为了移除锯切保护膜510,可将2.38重量%的TMAH水溶液施加到锯切保护膜510的顶表面上,然后单独留置预定时间(例如约30秒到约1分钟),从而以2.38重量%的TMAH水溶液溶解锯切保护膜510。
接下来,可执行其中使用去离子水移除通过溶解锯切保护膜510及残留在锯切保护膜510的表面上的异物(例如颗粒)而获得的所得产物的清洁工艺以及用于移除残留在所述多个半导体裸片SD中的每一者的表面上的去离子水的干燥工艺。在清洁工艺及干燥工艺期间,可实质上同时执行其中使所述多个半导体裸片SD旋转的自旋工艺。作为另外一种选择,可在清洁工艺及干燥工艺之后执行自旋工艺。因此,可依序执行清洁工艺、干燥工艺及自旋工艺作为单一连续的工艺。
图8是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法的流程图。
参照图8及图2A,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P22中,形成半导体结构ST。
为了形成半导体结构ST,可执行参照图1及图2A针对工艺P12阐述的工艺。半导体结构ST中所包括的所述多个裸片区域DA中的每一者可包括堆叠结构,所述堆叠结构包括图像传感器100(参见例如图3A及图3B)、逻辑装置200(参见例如图4)、存储器装置300(参见例如图5)或其组合。举例来说,堆叠结构可具有与以上参照图6更详细阐述的图像传感器堆叠结构400相同或相似的结构。
参照图8及图2B,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P24中,使用根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物在半导体结构ST(例如,在工艺P22中形成的半导体结构ST)上形成锯切保护膜510。
为了形成锯切保护膜510,可执行参照图1及图2B针对工艺P14阐述的工艺。
参照图8及图2C,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P26中,通过从锯切保护膜510的表面对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构ST进行锯切,将半导体结构ST单体化(例如,通过锯切而切割)成多个半导体裸片SD,且将锯切保护膜510分成多个锯切保护图案510P。举例来说,当锯切保护膜510实质上覆盖半导体结构ST时,可沿着划线SL从锯切保护膜510的表面(例如,从上表面)对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构ST进行锯切,因此将半导体结构ST单体化成所述多个半导体裸片SD并将锯切保护膜510分成所述多个锯切保护图案510P。
为了对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构ST进行锯切,可执行参照图1及图2C阐述的工艺。
图9A及图9B示出根据图8的制造半导体封装的方法的工艺。
参照图8及图9A,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P28中,在分别以所述多个锯切保护图案510P覆盖所述多个半导体裸片SD的同时,将半导体裸片SD转移到支撑带610上。举例来说,当以锯切保护图案510P实质上覆盖所述多个半导体裸片SD中的每一者时,可执行其中将每一半导体裸片SD转移到支撑带610上的裸片转移工艺。
在执行裸片转移工艺时,可将在根据工艺P26的锯切工艺中获得的所述多个半导体裸片SD分类成良好裸片及差的裸片,且可仅对所述多个半导体裸片SD中被分类为良好裸片的裸片执行裸片转移工艺。举例来说,差的裸片可指包括错误或缺陷的裸片。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,为了执行裸片转移工艺,可执行其中各别地拾取每一半导体裸片SD的真空拾取工艺,且可将每一真空拾取的半导体裸片SD转移并键合到支撑带610上。支撑带610可包括紫外线可固化粘合层。
在其中各别地拾取每一半导体裸片SD的真空拾取工艺期间,贴附到真空拾取装置的异物(例如颗粒)可被转移到拾取目标,且因此可造成拾取目标被污染。然而,根据本发明概念的示例性实施例,可在以锯切保护图案510P覆盖每一半导体裸片SD的同时执行其中各别地拾取每一半导体裸片SD的真空拾取工艺。因此,由于在其中将每一半导体裸片SD转移到支撑带610上的裸片转移工艺期间每一半导体裸片SD受锯切保护图案510P保护,因此每一半导体裸片SD可能不会被异物(例如颗粒)污染。
参照图8及图9B,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P30中,可从支撑带510移除锯切保护图案510P。因此,可暴露出支撑带610上的所述多个半导体裸片SD中的每一者的顶表面。
为了移除锯切保护图案510P,如参照图1及图2D所述,可使用根据工艺P18来移除被分成所述多个锯切保护图案510P的锯切保护膜510的工艺。
图10是根据本发明概念示例性实施例的一种制造半导体封装的方法的流程图。
图11A、图11B、图11C、图11D、图11E、图11F及图11G示出根据图10的制造半导体封装的方法的工艺。
参照图10及图11A,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P42中,形成半导体结构700。半导体结构700可包括衬底710,衬底710包括位于彼此相对的侧处的第一表面710A及第二表面710B以及位于第一表面710A上的图像传感器(例如,图像传感器100)。可在衬底710中所包括的多个裸片区域DA的有源表面上形成多个半导体装置720。
衬底710中的所述多个裸片区域DA可通过划线SL彼此分离。衬底710可包括位于彼此相对的侧处的第一表面710A及第二表面710B。第一表面710A可为所述多个裸片区域DA的有源表面。衬底710可具有第一厚度D1。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,所述多个半导体装置720可各自包括图像传感器100(参见例如图3A及图3B)。参照图3B,图像传感器100可包括传感器阵列区SAR,传感器阵列区SAR包括所述多个微透镜150及所述多个单位像素120。所述多个单位像素120可分别为有源像素传感器。
参照图10及图11B,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P44中,使用保护膜组合物形成锯切保护膜510,且锯切保护膜510覆盖衬底710的第一表面710A。锯切保护膜510可使用根据本发明概念的保护膜组合物形成在工艺P42中形成的半导体结构700上。
锯切保护膜510可被形成为实质上覆盖第一表面710A上的所述多个半导体装置720。
为了形成锯切保护膜510,可执行参照图1及图2B阐述的工艺P14。
参照图10及图11C,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P46中,形成层压膜730,层压膜730覆盖衬底710的第一表面710A上的锯切保护膜510。
在本发明概念的示例性实施例中,层压膜730可包括聚氯乙烯(polyvinylchloride,PVC)系聚合物片以及丙烯酸树脂系紫外线可固化粘合层。层压膜730可通过粘合层贴附到锯切保护膜510。例如,层压膜730可直接接触锯切保护膜510。举例来说,层压膜730可直接接触锯切保护膜510的背对衬底710的上表面。
参照图10及图11D,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P48中,从衬底710的第二表面710B研磨衬底710。
为了研磨衬底710,可对半导体结构700进行重新排列,以使层压膜730面朝下且衬底710的第二表面710B面朝上。在从衬底710的第二表面710B研磨衬底710之后,衬底710可具有比第一厚度D1小的第二厚度D2(参见例如图11A)。
在衬底710的研磨期间,可对锯切保护膜510及层压膜730施加热量及压力。从根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜510可能与层压膜710具有相对低的反应性。因此,即使当在衬底710的研磨期间对锯切保护膜510及层压膜730施加热量及压力时,仍可防止锯切保护膜510与层压膜730之间的不期望的反应。
参照图10及图11E,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P50中,移除层压膜730(参见例如图11D),从而暴露出锯切保护膜510。
为了移除层压膜730,可以紫外(ultraviolet,UV)光照射层压膜730。
参照图11D,锯切保护膜510可能与层压膜730具有相对低的反应性。因此,当层压膜730从锯切保护膜510分离时,可防止出现锯切保护膜510的部分残留在层压膜730上或者出现锯切保护膜510从半导体结构700拆离。
参照图10及图11F,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P52中,从锯切保护膜510的表面对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构700进行锯切。例如,可在以锯切保护膜510实质上覆盖半导体结构700(参见例如图11E)的同时将半导体结构700转移到支撑带750上,然后沿着划线SL从锯切保护膜510的表面对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构700进行锯切,从而将半导体结构700单体化成多个半导体裸片700D并将锯切保护膜510分成所述多个锯切保护图案510P。
为了对锯切保护膜510及半导体结构700进行锯切,可执行参照图1及图2C阐述的工艺。支撑带750可包括紫外线可固化粘合层。可在将所述多个半导体裸片700D键合到支撑带750上的同时执行锯切工艺。
参照图10及图11G,在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的工艺P54中,移除锯切保护膜510。举例来说,可移除所述多个锯切保护图案510P,从而暴露出所述多个半导体装置720中的每一者的顶表面。
为了移除所述多个锯切保护图案510P,如参照图1及图2D所述,可使用移除被分成所述多个锯切保护图案510P的锯切保护膜510的工艺P18。
以下将更详细地阐述可能包含在根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物中的合成聚合物的实例以及制备保护膜组合物的实例。
应理解,本发明概念的范围并非仅限于以下实例。
合成例1到合成例40
合成聚合物1到聚合物40
为了合成聚合物1到聚合物40,可使用甲基丙烯酸(methacrylic acid,MAA)、由b1到b9标记的单体及由c1到c15标记的单体。
为了合成聚合物1,可将20mol%(3.22g)MAA、30mol%(5.61g)单体b1、50mol%(20.0g)单体c1及与自由基反应起始剂对应的0.06g 2,2'-偶氮双异丁腈(2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile,AIBN)溶解在62.31g丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(propylene glycolmonomethyl ether acetate,PGMEA)中,以使单体固体浓度为33.3%,然后在搅拌的同时使用油浴在80℃下执行自由基反应14小时。在自由基反应完成后,可将反应溶液冷却到室温(25℃),并接着通过沉淀进行纯化以移除未反应的残留杂质(例如,未反应的单体)、具有低分子量的寡聚物及异物。可使用庚烷作为沉淀溶剂,且可使用为反应溶液的总重量的10倍的量的沉淀溶剂对聚合物固体进行沉淀,且接着进行过滤,从而获得沉淀物。可使用真空干燥器将所获得的聚合物固体在60℃的温度下干燥24小时。可使用凝胶渗透色谱(gelpermeation chromatography,GPC)分析仪来测量所获得的聚合物的重量平均分子量,且其示例性结果示于表1中。
为了合成聚合物2到聚合物40,MAA、由b1到b9标记的单体及由c1到c15标记的单体可根据表1所列的量进行各种组合,然后通过以与合成聚合物1相同的方式将对应组合的组分溶解在PGMEA中来诱导自由基反应,从而合成相应聚合物。所获得的聚合物的示例性重量平均分子量示于表1中。
[表1]
制备组合物(实例1到实例40)
可使用在合成例1到合成例40中合成的聚合物1到聚合物40来制备保护膜组合物。首先,可将聚合物1到聚合物40中的每一者溶解在PGMEA中,以使固体含量为30%。为了增大保护膜组合物中的每一者与涂布有各保护膜组合物的涂布目标膜之间的粘附性,以各聚合物的总重量计,可添加0.5重量%的量的作为硅烷化合物的N-(2-氨基乙基)-3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(化学文摘服务(Chemical Abstracts Service,CAS)号5089-72-5)。可使用孔隙大小为0.45μm的盘式过滤器对每一所获得的溶液进行过滤,并接着使用MARK-7涂布机(由TEL有限公司(TEL Co.,Ltd.)生产)在2500rpm下历时35秒旋涂在200mm直径的硅晶片的前面上。为了对每一经涂布的膜进行固化,可使用热板将每一经涂布的膜在120℃下软烘烤了2分钟,从而获得分别包含聚合物1到聚合物40的锯切保护膜。
可使用Opti 2600(由KLA-科磊有限公司(KLA-Tencor Co.,Ltd.)生产)来测量所获得的锯切保护膜的厚度,且其示例性结果示于表2中。
可针对厚度非均匀性以及是否发生破坏来评价所获得的锯切保护膜,且其示例性结果示于表2的“涂布状态”列中。
可将包括紫外线可固化粘合层的层压膜贴附到所获得的锯切保护膜中的每一者的顶表面上,然后通过研磨硅晶片的背面来减小硅晶片的厚度。可将所产生的热量及压力转移到锯切保护膜以及实质上覆盖每一锯切保护膜的顶表面的层压膜中的每一者。为了评价在硅晶片的背面研磨工艺期间所获得的锯切保护膜中的每一者与实质上覆盖其顶表面的层压膜之间的反应性,可在研磨工艺后的移除层压膜的工艺中评价对每一锯切保护膜的损坏程度,且通过指示是否存在“带反应性”而将其示例性结果示于表2中。
在评价带反应性之后,为了评价每一锯切保护膜的物理强度,可评价在硅晶片的锯切工艺期间是否出现对每一锯切保护膜的破坏或剥离,且其示例性结果示于表2的“锯切”列中。
在对每一锯切保护膜进行锯切评价之后,为了评价未表现出任何异常的锯切保护膜是否容易移除,可使用2.38重量%的TMAH水溶液以水坑(puddle)方式将移除每一对应的锯切保护膜的工艺执行了60秒。此处,可使用光学显微镜来评价移除每一对应的锯切保护膜所花费的时间段以及每一对应的锯切保护膜是否完全移除。示例性结果示于表2中。
[表2]
聚合物 涂层厚度(μm) 涂布状态 带反应性 锯切(破坏) 移除时间(秒) 移除结果
实例1 聚合物1 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例2 聚合物2 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例3 聚合物3 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例4 聚合物4 3.0 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例5 聚合物5 3.5 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例6 聚合物6 3.8 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例7 聚合物7 4.0 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例8 聚合物8 3.8 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例9 聚合物9 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例10 聚合物10 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例11 聚合物11 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例12 聚合物12 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例13 聚合物13 3.0 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例14 聚合物14 3.6 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例15 聚合物15 3.8 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例16 聚合物16 4.0 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例17 聚合物17 3.8 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例18 聚合物18 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例19 聚合物19 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例20 聚合物20 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例21 聚合物21 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例22 聚合物22 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例23 聚合物23 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例24 聚合物24 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例25 聚合物25 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例26 聚合物26 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例27 聚合物27 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例28 聚合物28 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例29 聚合物29 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例30 聚合物30 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例31 聚合物31 3.2 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例32 聚合物32 3.4 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例33 聚合物33 3.5 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例34 聚合物34 3.8 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例35 聚合物35 3.9 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例36 聚合物36 3.8 无异常 不反应 60 干净
实例37 聚合物37 3.7 无异常 不反应 180 差的剥离
实例38 聚合物38 3.8 无异常 不反应 剥离 60 -
实例39 聚合物39 3.9 无异常 反应(刮擦) - - -
实例40 聚合物40 3.1 裂缝 不反应 破坏 - -
参照实例1到实例40,从根据本发明概念示例性实施例的保护膜组合物获得的锯切保护膜可对外部物理冲击具有抵抗力,且当包括粘合层的另一材料膜接触锯切保护膜并接着从锯切保护膜分离时,锯切保护膜与粘合层可能不具有反应性且因此锯切保护膜可能不会被损坏。另外,在衬底上形成锯切保护膜之后,尽管执行衬底的背面研磨,然而锯切保护膜可能仍会维持良好的状态而不会被破坏,因此锯切保护膜可有效地保护裸片表面。此外,由于锯切保护膜可通过环境友好型碱性水溶液相对容易地及快速地移除,因此使用锯切保护膜制造半导体封装的工艺的良率可得以提高。
尽管已参照本发明概念的示例性实施例具体显示并阐述了本发明概念,然而,应理解在不背离本发明概念的精神及范围的条件下,可在本文中作出各种形式及细节上的改变。

Claims (20)

1.一种保护膜组合物,其特征在于,包含:
具有式(1)的聚合物;以及
溶剂,
式(1)
其中a、b及c中的每一者是摩尔分数;
a+b+c=1;
0.05≤a/(a+b+c)≤0.3;
0.1≤b/(a+b+c)≤0.6;
0.1≤c/(a+b+c)≤0.6;
R1、R2及R3中的每一者为氢原子或甲基;
R4为氢原子、丁内酯基或者经取代或未经取代的C3到C30脂环族烃基;且
R5为经取代或未经取代的C6到C30线状或环状烃基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R4及R5中的至少一者包括醚基、羰基、酯基或羟基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R4及R5中的至少一者包括选自O、S及N中的至少一个杂原子。
4.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R4具有选自以下结构中的结构:
其中符号“*”表示结合位点。
5.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R5具有选自以下结构中的结构:
其中符号“*”表示结合位点;
m为选自2到15的整数;
n为选自1到10的整数;
R6为氢原子、甲基或叔丁基;且
R7为甲基、苯基、C1到C10烷基取代的苯基或C3到C10烷基羰基。
6.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R5具有选自以下结构中的结构:
其中符号“*”表示结合位点。
7.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R5具有选自以下结构中的结构:
其中符号“*”表示结合位点。
8.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,R5具有选自以下结构中的结构:
其中符号“*”表示结合位点。
9.根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物,其特征在于,还包含:
硅烷化合物。
10.一种制造半导体封装的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
形成半导体结构;
使用根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物在所述半导体结构上形成锯切保护膜;以及
从所述锯切保护膜的表面对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行锯切。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述半导体结构包括图像传感器,所述图像传感器包括包含多个微透镜的传感器阵列区,且
形成所述锯切保护膜包括:
将所述保护膜组合物涂布在所述多个微透镜上;以及
对涂布在所述多个微透镜上的所述保护膜组合物施加热量。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,在形成所述锯切保护膜时,所述锯切保护膜被形成为直接接触所述多个微透镜的凹进的表面。
13.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述半导体结构包括:图像传感器,包括包含多个微透镜的传感器阵列区;以及逻辑装置,被排列成垂直地与所述图像传感器交叠,且
形成所述锯切保护膜包括将所述保护膜组合物涂布在所述多个微透镜上。
14.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述半导体结构包括:图像传感器,包括包含多个微透镜的传感器阵列区;逻辑装置,垂直地与所述图像传感器交叠;以及存储器装置,与所述图像传感器间隔开且所述存储器装置与所述图像传感器之间具有所述逻辑装置,并且垂直地与所述图像传感器交叠,且
其中形成所述锯切保护膜包括将所述保护膜组合物涂布在所述多个微透镜上。
15.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,还包括:
在对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行所述锯切之后,使用碱性水溶液移除所述锯切保护膜。
16.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行所述锯切包括:将所述半导体结构单体化成多个半导体裸片以及将所述锯切保护膜分成分别实质上覆盖所述多个半导体裸片的多个锯切保护图案;且
在对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行锯切之后,在以所述多个锯切保护图案实质上覆盖所述多个半导体裸片的同时,将选自所述多个半导体裸片中的半导体裸片转移到支撑带上;且
使用碱性水溶液移除分别实质上覆盖所述多个半导体裸片的所述多个锯切保护图案。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其特征在于,转移所选择的所述半导体裸片包括:通过拾取实质上覆盖所选择的所述半导体裸片的所述锯切保护图案的顶表面来转移所选择的所述半导体裸片。
18.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,所述半导体结构包括:衬底,包括第一表面及与所述第一表面相对的第二表面;以及图像传感器,位于所述第一表面上;且
在形成所述锯切保护膜之后且在对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行所述锯切之前,通过在所述锯切保护膜实质上覆盖所述图像传感器的同时,从所述衬底的所述第二表面研磨所述衬底来减小所述衬底的厚度。
19.一种制造半导体封装的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
形成半导体结构,所述半导体结构包括包含多个微透镜的传感器阵列区;
使用根据权利要求1所述的保护膜组合物在所述半导体结构上形成锯切保护膜,所述锯切保护膜实质上覆盖所述多个微透镜;
通过从所述锯切保护膜的表面对所述锯切保护膜及所述半导体结构进行锯切,将所述半导体结构单体化成多个半导体裸片且将所述锯切保护膜分成多个锯切保护图案;以及
使用碱性水溶液移除所述多个锯切保护图案。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其特征在于,所述保护膜组合物还包含硅烷化合物。
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