CN110102301A - 一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110102301A CN110102301A CN201910417925.9A CN201910417925A CN110102301A CN 110102301 A CN110102301 A CN 110102301A CN 201910417925 A CN201910417925 A CN 201910417925A CN 110102301 A CN110102301 A CN 110102301A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- nano
- cathode
- anode
- anodizing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002120 nanofilm Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium fluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].[F-] LDDQLRUQCUTJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007832 Na2SO4 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 6
- STZCRXQWRGQSJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 STZCRXQWRGQSJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 titanate ester Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HGWOWDFNMKCVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] HGWOWDFNMKCVLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005685 electric field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001652 electrophoretic deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009881 electrostatic interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001320 lysogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/745—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/34—Irradiation by, or application of, electric, magnetic or wave energy, e.g. ultrasonic waves ; Ionic sputtering; Flame or plasma spraying; Particle radiation
- B01J37/348—Electrochemical processes, e.g. electrochemical deposition or anodisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/08—Nanoparticles or nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,包含:步骤1,相对固定阴极和阳极,沉浸在电解液中,阳极采用纳米金属氧化物的金属单质材料,阴极采用载体金属材料;步骤2,匀速搅拌电解液,转速不低于500rpm;步骤3,连通电源,输出电压在10‑50v之间;金属单质材料发生阳极氧化反应,表面生成金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒,在搅拌作用下,阳极表面的金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒逐渐溶解并脱落,进入电解液;在电场力的作用下,溶解脱落的纳米碎片向阴极移动,附着在阴极材料表面,形成金属氧化物纳米薄膜。本发明提供的薄膜的制备方法,条件温和,设备简单,操作方便且成本低,制备的薄膜负载效果好,金属氧化物不易脱落。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纳米材料领域,具体涉及一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法。
背景技术
纳米二氧化钛能将光能转变为化学能而有效地降解有机污染物等,同时由于催化活性高、稳定性好、价格低廉、对人体无害等优点,被认为是极具有开发前景和应用潜力的环保型光催化材料。
纳米二氧化钛颗粒在实际应用中较为广泛,但其在制备和使用过程中极易团聚,从而无法有效发挥催化性能,同时降解处理完后,纳米颗粒分散在溶液中,很难自由沉降与溶液分离,使得纳米颗粒的回收和重复利用比较困难。
为解决这些缺点,人们将二氧化钛纳米颗粒负载于各类基体上,金属由于其容易成型且加工方法多样等优点成为其中一类较为特殊的载体。常见的负载方法有粉体烧结法、沉积法、溅射法、溶胶-凝胶法等。
粉体烧结法是将二氧化钛纳米粉体溶于水或醇类溶剂形成悬浮液,再将载体浸渍入悬浮分散液中加以搅拌或用超声波分散,浸渍一定的时间使载体表面负载一定量的光催化剂,然后取出载体进行烘干、烧结,从而制备得到负载型二氧化钛光催化材料。需提前制备好二氧化钛纳米颗粒,且负载牢固度较差。
沉积法是使含钛的反应物质在载体上进行物理化学反应,生成二氧化钛沉积在载体上,分为液相沉积法和化学气相沉积法两类。液相沉积法的缺点为制备得到的薄膜中易有杂质,二氧化钛纯度较低;化学气相沉积法则制备条件严苛且费用高。
溅射法是在高压电场作用下使惰性气体(如氩气)发生电离,然后以电离产生的正离子体高速轰击靶材,使靶材的原子或分子被击出,即溅射,而溅射产生的原子或分子沉积到载体上形成薄膜,就得到负载型催化剂。该方法在溅射过程中会产生高温,且成本较高。
溶胶-凝胶法是以钛的无机盐或钛酸酯类作为原料,在溶剂中溶解,经水解制得二氧化钛溶胶,再通过浸渍提拉、旋涂等方法将二氧化钛溶胶涂覆到载体上,并经过凝胶、陈化、热处理等步骤制得负载型催化剂。在凝胶陈化过程中,大量的水和有机物溶剂会挥发,不仅会造成环境污染,还容易使二氧化钛薄膜发生龟裂。
综上,粉体烧结法和液相沉积法的负载效果较差,化学气相沉积法和溅射法的制备条件严苛且成本高,溶胶-凝胶法则易产生环境污染且容易由于凝胶过程中热收缩不均而产生龟裂现象。因此,亟需开发一种新的工艺制备纳米二氧化钛复合催化剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种低成本的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,特别是纳米二氧化钛复合催化剂的制备方法。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供了一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,该制备方法包含:
步骤1,向反应池中加入电解液,并相对固定阴极和阳极,阳极采用所述纳米金属氧化物的金属单质材料,阴极采用载体金属材料;
步骤2,采用磁力搅拌器匀速搅拌电解液,转速不低于500rpm(转/分钟);
步骤3,连通电源,输出电压设置在10-50v之间;阳极的金属单质材料发生阳极氧化反应,表面生成金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒,随着氧化时间的增加,在搅拌作用下,阳极表面的金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒溶解并脱落,进入电解液;在电场力的作用下,溶解脱落的纳米碎片向阴极移动,附着在阴极材料表面,形成金属氧化物纳米薄膜。
本文所述的“金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒”是指包含金属氧化物纳米管和金属氧化物纳米颗粒的混合物。
较佳地,所述的电解液选择1M(NH4)2SO4+0.5wt%NH4F、1M NaH2PO4+0.3wt%HF、0.05M NaClO4+0.05M NaCl、1M Na2SO4+0.5wt%NaF中的任意一种;上述的“+”代表组合、混合的含义,如1M(NH4)2SO4+0.5wt%NH4F代表1M(NH4)2SO4与0.5wt%NH4F的混合。
较佳地,所述阴极和阳极的间距保持在0.5cm-25cm厘米。
较佳地,阳极采用金属钛、铝、钨、铬中的任意一种。
较佳地,所述的阳极选择钛片或钛滤板。
较佳地,所述的阴极选择导电金属或导电非金属。
较佳地,所述的阴极选择钢板。
较佳地,所述的阴极为多孔导电金属或多孔导电非金属,可实现纳米金属氧化物对阴极内部的均匀负载。
较佳地,步骤2中,所述的转速为500-750转/分钟。
本发明针对金属类及易导电载体,以阳极氧化法为基础,设计了一种低成本的纳米二氧化钛复合催化剂制备方法,实现了同一反应池中在常温下同时进行二氧化钛纳米颗粒的制备及负载过程,且阳极纯钛材料可持续使用,为不同的载体进行负载,直至完全转化为二氧化钛纳米管/纳米颗粒。整个薄膜制备方法还具有设备简单,制备条件温和,操作方便、成本低等优点。本发明制备的负载在载体金属上的纳米薄膜负载牢固,不易脱落,且表面致密均匀,没有龟裂。
附图说明
图1为本发明的反应装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。
本发明采用的反应装置如图1所示包含:
反应池10,反应池内盛放有电解液11,阳极12和阴极13浸没在电解液11中且相对设置;
磁力搅拌器20,该磁力搅拌器还包含转子21,反应池10位于磁力搅拌器20的上方,转子21置于反应池内;
阴极、阳极的固定组件,其包含固定架31及分别连接阴极、阳极的滑动板32;
阴极、阳极的移动组件,其包含导轨41、连接滑动板的螺杆42,该螺杆42还连接电机43,通过控制系统,如电脑44等控制;及
电源50,该电源的正极与阳极12连接,电源的负极与阴极13连接。
以下以阳极为纯钛为例说明本发明的基本原理:在上述反应装置中,通过阳极氧化在阳极上生成二氧化钛纳米管/纳米颗粒,由于“场致溶解”以及氟离子效应促进溶解,阳极所产生的TiO2纳米管/纳米颗粒在生成的过程中也同时进行着电化学腐蚀:TiO2+6F-+4H+→[TiF6]2-+2H2O。所以,阳极氧化生成纳米管的过程是“自上而下”的,即顶部的纳米管最先生成并持续暴露在含氟电解质和电场中,管壁不断被腐蚀、变薄、局部破碎。而加大电解液的搅拌功率也可增加TiO2纳米管破碎的速率,形成的微小的TiO2纳米管碎片进入电解质中。随着氧化时间的增加以及搅拌作用下,纳米管/纳米颗粒溶解并脱落,进入电解液,形成稳定的胶体分散体。电化学原理中的电动力学效应指出,固液相边界产生双电子层,具有离子吸附特性。此时,过剩电荷不处于固体内部,而是位于固体表面。因此这些粒子(TiO2纳米管碎片)由于与溶剂分子的静电相互作用,吸附阳离子,获得表面正电荷。在电场力的作用下,这些“带电”粒子倾向于向电解质中向阴极(相反电荷电极)自由移动,这种现象通常被称为“电泳”。当这些带电粒子到达带相反电荷的电极时,它们失去了表面电荷,变成了电中性,即沉积在阴极。由此溶解脱落的纳米碎片向阴极移动,并附着在阴极材料表面,形成二氧化钛纳米薄膜。常规的在阳极上通过阳极氧化法制备得到的纳米管在电化学腐蚀中生长,其纳米管底部与钛基底附着不牢固。相比而言,本发明中电解液中纳米颗粒通过电泳沉积附着在阴极金属板,更为牢固且均匀。
本文所述的“场致溶解”是指界面双电子层的电场以及外加电场会对氧化物中离子移动产生影响,再加上氟离子效应,两者能够解释在TiO2纳米管的生成和溶解机理。
具体制备步骤如下:
S1,搭建反应装置,如图1所示,以电脑44设置,通过电机43控制螺杆42,使阳极12在导轨41上运动,从而确定阴极13和阳极12的间距保持在2厘米。
S2,配置电解液11,电解液成分为1M(NH4)2SO4+0.5wt%NH4F;液面高度应浸没样品。
S3,采用磁力搅拌器20匀速搅拌电解液11,通常转速不高于750rpm。由于实验室目前的搅拌器本身限制,转速不宜超过750转/分钟。当更换其他牌号或其他形式的搅拌器时,只要能实现工作稳定、不跳跃,转速还可提高。加大磁力搅拌器的功率,加入超声等增强手段,都可增加TiO2纳米管破碎的速率。
S4,以纯钛(如钛片、钛滤板等)为阳极材料,作为载体的金属(如钢板)为阴极材料(其他导电金属也可作为阴极材料)。
S5,连接电源50,输出电压一般设置在10-50v之间,开启电源。
S6,连接正极的纯钛材料发生阳极氧化反应,表面生成二氧化钛纳米管/纳米颗粒。
S7,随着氧化时间的增加,在搅拌作用下,阳极表面的二氧化钛纳米管/纳米颗粒溶解并脱落,进入电解液。在电场力的作用下,溶解脱落的纳米碎片向阴极移动,附着在阴极材料表面,形成二氧化钛纳米薄膜。
实施例1
载体使用不锈钢片(3mm×2.5mm×0.3mm),阳极材料为钛片(3mm×2.5mm×0.3mm),包括如下步骤:
以钛片为阳极材料,不锈钢片为阴极材料搭建反应装置。取198克(NH4)2SO4和7.5克NH4F,加入1.5升蒸馏水充分溶解,配置电解液。磁力搅拌器参数设置为500转每分钟,开启磁力搅拌器,使转子匀速搅拌电解液。连接电源,恒压输出,电压设置在20v,开启电源,反应时间持续1.5小时。关闭电源及磁力搅拌器,取下阴极不锈钢片,用去离子水清洗干净,获得以不锈钢片为载体的二氧化钛纳米材料,其纳米薄膜厚度为120nm。将生成纳米薄膜的不锈钢片放入马弗炉进行高温退火,退火条件为(每分钟1℃的速度升温至450℃保持3h后随炉温自然冷却到室温)。生成二氧化钛纳米复合催化材料。
使用上述制备的二氧化钛纳米复合催化材料,以甲基橙溶液为降解对象进行光催化实验。将不锈钢片放入培养皿中,加入10mL浓度为3×10-5mol/L甲基橙溶液,静置10min。打开紫外灯,对溶液中的不锈钢片进行照射,计时开始。每隔30min,测量一次甲基橙溶液浓度,直到测定4次截止,经过测量计算,其2h的降解率约为15%。
实施例2
载体使用不锈钢片(3mm×2.5mm×0.3mm),阳极材料为多孔钛板(3mm×2.5mm×1.5mm,孔隙70μm),包括如下步骤:
以多孔钛板为阳极材料,不锈钢片为阴极材料搭建反应装置。取198克(NH4)2SO4和7.5克NH4F,加入1.5升蒸馏水充分溶解,配置电解液。磁力搅拌器参数设置为750转每分钟,开启磁力搅拌器,使转子匀速搅拌电解液。连接电源,恒压输出,电压设置在20v,开启电源,反应时间持续1小时。关闭电源及磁力搅拌器,取下阴极不锈钢片,用去离子水清洗干净,获得以不锈钢片为载体的二氧化钛纳米材料,其纳米薄膜厚度为500nm。将生成纳米薄膜的不锈钢片放入马弗炉进行高温退火,退火条件为(每分钟1℃的速度升温至450℃保持3h后随炉温自然冷却到室温)。生成二氧化钛纳米复合催化材料。
使用上述制备的二氧化钛纳米复合催化材料,以甲基橙溶液为降解对象进行光催化实验。将不锈钢片放入培养皿中,加入10mL浓度为3×10-5mol/L甲基橙溶液,静置10min。打开紫外灯,对溶液中的不锈钢片进行照射,计时开始。每隔30min,测量一次甲基橙溶液浓度,直到测定4次截止,经过测量计算,其2h的降解率约为35%。
本发明所述的阳极材料可以为钛(Ti)、铝(Al)、钨(W)、铬(Zr)等,通过本发明的方法,实现氧化物的负载,甚至可以通过不同阳极组合以及时间先后的阳极氧化,实现负载多层和复合层的金属氧化物。
本发明所述的电解液还可以为1M NaH2PO4+0.3wt%HF、0.05M NaClO4+0.05MNaCl、1M Na2SO4+0.5wt%NaF等。
由于阳极氧化过程中场致溶解的存在,再加上磁力搅拌器设置为500-750转每分钟后对阳极金属氧化物的搅拌作用力,通过调节电解液的组成和阳极氧化电压的大小,可实现纳米颗粒进入电解液,进而负载在阴极材料上的过程。如果使用多孔性的阴极,本发明的方法也可以实现对阴极内部的均匀负载。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍,但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后,对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此,本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。
Claims (9)
1.一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,该制备方法包含:
步骤1,向反应池中加入电解液,并相对固定阴极和阳极,阳极采用所述纳米金属氧化物的金属单质材料,阴极采用载体金属材料;
步骤2,采用磁力搅拌器匀速搅拌电解液,转速不低于500转/分钟;
步骤3,连通电源,输出电压设置在10-50v之间;阳极的金属单质材料发生阳极氧化反应,表面生成金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒,随着氧化时间的增加,在搅拌作用下,阳极表面的金属氧化物纳米管/纳米颗粒溶解并脱落,进入电解液;在电场力的作用下,溶解脱落的纳米碎片向阴极移动,附着在阴极材料表面,形成金属氧化物纳米薄膜。
2.如权利要求1所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,所述的电解液选择1M(NH4)2SO4+0.5wt%NH4F、1M NaH2PO4+0.3wt%HF、0.05M NaClO4+0.05M NaCl、1M Na2SO4+0.5wt%NaF中的任意一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,所述阴极和阳极的间距保持在0.5cm-25cm厘米。
4.如权利要求1所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,阳极采用金属钛、铝、钨、铬中的任意一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,所述的阳极选择钛片或钛滤板。
6.如权利要求1所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,所述的阴极选择导电金属或导电非金属。
7.如权利要求6所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,所述的阴极选择钢板。
8.如权利要求6所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,所述的阴极为多孔导电金属或多孔导电非金属。
9.如权利要求1所述的基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法,其特征在于,步骤2中,所述的转速为500-750转/分钟。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910417925.9A CN110102301B (zh) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | 一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法 |
PCT/CN2019/088781 WO2020232731A1 (zh) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-28 | 一种基于阳极氧化法的负载纳米金属氧化物的方法 |
US16/963,420 US11358124B2 (en) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-28 | Preparation method of a nanometer metal oxide supported carrier based on anodic oxidation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910417925.9A CN110102301B (zh) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | 一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110102301A true CN110102301A (zh) | 2019-08-09 |
CN110102301B CN110102301B (zh) | 2021-04-20 |
Family
ID=67491059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201910417925.9A Active CN110102301B (zh) | 2019-05-20 | 2019-05-20 | 一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11358124B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN110102301B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2020232731A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113399766A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-17 | 贵州大学 | 一种高速钢轧辊材质电解磨削的电解液及电解液供液系统 |
CN114950515A (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 常州大学 | 一种表面改性Pt/SiC催化剂、制备方法及电化学氧化装置 |
CN118685832A (zh) * | 2024-08-22 | 2024-09-24 | 南方科技大学嘉兴研究院 | 多孔材料抛光系统、抛光方法及金属粉末低温除氧方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1235066A (zh) * | 1999-05-27 | 1999-11-17 | 华东理工大学 | 具有金属载体的机动车排气净化催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN101625930A (zh) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-01-13 | 东南大学 | 有序纳米管阵列结构电极材料及其制备方法和储能应用 |
CN104475121A (zh) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | 一种以TiO2纳米管为载体的加氢脱硫催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3758768B2 (ja) * | 1996-11-20 | 2006-03-22 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 液晶表示パネル |
TWI458862B (zh) * | 2009-05-12 | 2014-11-01 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | 二氧化鈦鍍膜方法及其使用之電解液 |
CN101891146B (zh) * | 2010-07-01 | 2012-11-21 | 淮阴工学院 | 一种磁性掺杂二氧化钛纳米管的制备方法 |
CN106654244B (zh) * | 2017-01-11 | 2019-02-22 | 河北工业大学 | 一种多级纳米结构的锂离子电池负极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN106629813B (zh) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-11-17 | 河北工业大学 | 一种泡沫铜负载多孔氧化铜纳米线复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN108144620B (zh) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-11-06 | 西北工业大学 | 泡沫镍负载复合纳米金属氧化物电极材料制备方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-05-20 CN CN201910417925.9A patent/CN110102301B/zh active Active
- 2019-05-28 WO PCT/CN2019/088781 patent/WO2020232731A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2019-05-28 US US16/963,420 patent/US11358124B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1235066A (zh) * | 1999-05-27 | 1999-11-17 | 华东理工大学 | 具有金属载体的机动车排气净化催化剂及其制备方法 |
CN101625930A (zh) * | 2009-06-19 | 2010-01-13 | 东南大学 | 有序纳米管阵列结构电极材料及其制备方法和储能应用 |
CN104475121A (zh) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-04-01 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | 一种以TiO2纳米管为载体的加氢脱硫催化剂的制备方法及应用 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
陶玉强 等: "多孔钛负载TiO2纳米管复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究", 《南华大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113399766A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-17 | 贵州大学 | 一种高速钢轧辊材质电解磨削的电解液及电解液供液系统 |
CN113399766B (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-06-14 | 贵州大学 | 一种高速钢轧辊材质电解磨削所用电解液的试验方法 |
CN114950515A (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-08-30 | 常州大学 | 一种表面改性Pt/SiC催化剂、制备方法及电化学氧化装置 |
CN114950515B (zh) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-09-26 | 常州大学 | 一种表面改性Pt/SiC催化剂、制备方法及电化学氧化装置 |
CN118685832A (zh) * | 2024-08-22 | 2024-09-24 | 南方科技大学嘉兴研究院 | 多孔材料抛光系统、抛光方法及金属粉末低温除氧方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN110102301B (zh) | 2021-04-20 |
WO2020232731A1 (zh) | 2020-11-26 |
US20220062863A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
US11358124B2 (en) | 2022-06-14 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Shen et al. | Morphologic study of electrochemically formed lead dioxide | |
CN110102301A (zh) | 一种基于阳极氧化法的纳米金属氧化物的负载制备方法 | |
Chanmanee et al. | Formation and characterization of self-organized TiO2 nanotube arrays by pulse anodization | |
He et al. | Preparation of TiO2/ITO and TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes by magnetron sputtering for photocatalytic application | |
Yao et al. | Influence of ZrO2 particles on fluorine-doped lead dioxide electrodeposition process from nitrate bath | |
Zhang et al. | Fabrication, characterization and electrocatalytic application of a lead dioxide electrode with porous titanium substrate | |
CN107740138A (zh) | 一种二氧化钛纳米管‑钌钛氧化物涂层钛电极制备方法 | |
CN109518168A (zh) | 一种高稳涂层的活性钛基电极板的制备方法 | |
CN108385150A (zh) | 一种复合薄膜及其制备方法 | |
CN104694991A (zh) | 一种制备铂金双金属掺杂TiO2纳米管电极的方法 | |
CN106521604A (zh) | 一种在不锈钢和钴合金表面制备纳米多孔结构的方法 | |
JP5401666B2 (ja) | 窒素固定化材料及びその製造方法並びに窒素固定化方法 | |
Mahalingam et al. | Electrosynthesis and characterization of lead oxide thin films | |
Wu et al. | A study on Ti anodic pretreatment for improving the stability of electrodeposited IrO2 electrode | |
CN1834306A (zh) | 一种在钛或钛合金表面电泳沉积羟基磷灰石涂层的制备方法 | |
Xie et al. | Effects of coating precursor states on performance of titanium-based metal oxide coating anode for Mn electrowinning | |
Hakimi et al. | Pulse electrodeposition synthesis of Ti/PbO2-IrO2 nano-composite electrode to restrict the OER in the zinc electrowinning | |
CN107974693B (zh) | 抗锰离子污染的氧化物阳极材料及其制备工艺 | |
CN107841777B (zh) | 一种钨掺杂二氧化钛纳米管阵列的制备方法 | |
CN104815638A (zh) | 一种非晶纳米多孔二氧化钛负载石墨烯光催化薄膜的制备方法 | |
Yu et al. | In-situ growth of nanostructured catalytic coatings via one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation | |
CN102491459B (zh) | 一种非金属掺杂钛基薄膜电极、制备方法及其应用 | |
CN110330078A (zh) | 一种高效长寿命的三维结构锑掺杂氧化锡电极 | |
Yuzhu et al. | Fabrication and Electrocatalytic Performance of a Two Dimensional ß-PbO2 Macroporous Array for Methyl Orange Degradation | |
CN107557820A (zh) | 一种三元复合氧化物惰性阳极的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |