CN1100867A - 联播数字编码的n制和高清晰度电视信号的方法和装置 - Google Patents

联播数字编码的n制和高清晰度电视信号的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1100867A
CN1100867A CN94104576A CN94104576A CN1100867A CN 1100867 A CN1100867 A CN 1100867A CN 94104576 A CN94104576 A CN 94104576A CN 94104576 A CN94104576 A CN 94104576A CN 1100867 A CN1100867 A CN 1100867A
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罗纳德·E·托迪
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2383—Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236—Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2365—Multiplexing of several video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41—Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426—Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434—Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4347—Demultiplexing of several video streams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4382—Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6131—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via a mobile phone network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/015—High-definition television systems

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Abstract

通过在电视演播室将NTSC电视信号转换成数 字形式并将数字NTSC信号和数字HDTV信号复 合成一复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号通过公用 微波射频通信信道发送，从一电视发射设备联播 NTSC电视信号和数字HDTV信号。复合 NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号被去复合成单独的 HDTV和NTSC视频数字信号。数字NTSC电视 信号被转换成模拟NTSC形式，然后NTSC电视信 号和HDTV信号从电视发射设备同时播出。

Description

本发明涉及电视广播系统，具体地说是涉及一种通信带宽保护装置，用于通过在产生N制（NTSC）和高清晰度电视（HDTV）信号的电视广播演播室和播出各电视信号以便用户地区接收的广播发射设备（电视塔）之间的单一的微波通信链路传送NTSC制和HDTV的频道。
电视广播演播室现采用NTSC信令格式进行电视节目的广播。由于向一用户服务区（通过VHF和/或UHF频道）播出电视信号的发射设备（通常为一微波发射塔）常常远离电视演播室，所以要在电视演播室和发射塔之间提供一（微波）无线电链路，以便NTSC格式的电视节目可以从演播室传到发射塔。在有些情况下，可提供一个与发射塔设备的卫星下行链路相连的、从发射塔到电视演播室的辅助回复信道。
随着工业的不断推动及用户对高清晰度电视（HDTV）需要的出现，必将花费一段时间引入HDTV和NTSC节目（其可包括每种格式的单独的节目）的联播（同时播放），最终仅用HDTV（在UHF段上广播）标准替代NTSC标准。因而，从电视演播室向电视塔HDTV频道的发送将采用微波线路的额外带宽。由于带宽保护是一项高级的政府优先考虑的事项，且仅为有限的转换间隔而增加额外信道容量设备的时间和费用是电视广播服务提供者主要关心的问题，所以分配被管制的通信频谱中从前保留的带宽被认为是一种不大理想的解决这个问题的方法。
本发明包括一种发送NTSC电视信号和数字HDTV信号的方法，其通过一公用的微波通信信道将电视演播室产生的所述NTSC电视信号和数字HDTV信号送至一电视发射设备以便向用户地区广播，其包括的步骤和特征为：
（a）在所述电视演播室，将所述NTSC电视信号转换为数字形式;
（b）将步骤（a）中所获得的数字式的NTSC信号和所述数字HDTV信号复合（multiplexing）成一复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号;和
（c）通过链接所述电视演播室和所述电视发射设备的公用微波通信信道发射在步骤（b）中获得的复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号。
因此，代替用于将演播室的HDTV信号发送至电视塔的额外带宽，本发明仅使用一单一的（当前所用）信道在电视演播室和发射塔设备间传送NTSC和HDTV信号。为此，在电视演播室，模拟NTSC信号（通过编码译码器）被转换成与HDTV同样的数字格式，然后两套数字编码信号被复合在一起送入一单一数字格式信道。该单一数字信道被加到一数字式微波无线电设备，该设备通过当前用来发射NTSC的微波通信线路将复用的数字NTSC/HDTV频道从电视演播室发送至电视塔。
最好在电视塔将数字微波无线电接收机的输出信号去复合成独立的HDTV和NTSC数字通道。NTSC信号被加到一编码译码器，后者恢复演播室产生的NTSC信号原来的模拟形式，以便通过（VHF/UHF）频段将NTSC信号播出。相似地，HDTV信号被耦合至一UHF发射机，从而提供所要求的同时广播的能力。
有利的是除在一公用微波通信频道上既服务NTSC信号又服务HDTV信号的能力外，由于复合信号的数字复合格式，并依靠所采用的编码分解方法，本发明还可在同一信道独立的带宽部分内既容纳电视演播室至电视塔的出站链路（STL）又容纳一电视塔至演播室的回复链路。
现通过例子参照附图描述本发明，附图给出链接电视广播演播室和VHF/UHF发射塔的微波通信系统的图示说明，该系统实现了通过演播室和电视塔间的单一微波通信链路传递数字编码的NTSC和HDTV信号的带宽保护装置。
参照附图，在详细描述用于通过一单一电视演播室至发射塔的微波通信链路复合数字编码的NTSC/HDTV信号的具体带宽保护设备21的输出17。
多路复用器15有一第二输入端16，其被耦合以接收链路18提供的HDTV格式的数字位流（例如其可能具有量级为25MB/S的数据速率），并有一通过线路23从有人值机的微控制器25耦合的第三输入信号19，该微控制器25按数字信号处理应用的常规方式控制数字复合及发射设备的工作。微控制器25利用线路23提供一成帧模型（pattern）以便在发射塔处将其恢复从而使两数字信道象通常数字通信中那样完成去复合。多路复用器15的信道转换操作按照微控制器25根据NTSC和HDTV信道各自的数据速率所发指令通过选择输入端27来控制。
数字微波无线电设备21与多路复用器15的输出端相连，其通过当前所用发射NTSC的一单一微波射频通信链路28将数字复合的NTSC/HDTV信道从电视演播室10发送至一有人值机的发射塔30。在发射塔，所接收信号由数字微波无线电接收机31解调并被耦合到一去复合器33。按常规数字信号处理技术，有人值机的微控制器35使用被恢复的、嵌入入站的复合数字信道信号中的时钟信号和成帧信号来控制信号去复合器33的操作，以便分离出HDTV和NTSC各自成分，分别进入通路35和37。通路35中的NTSC信号被加到编码译码器41，后者在输出线路43上恢复演播室产生的NTSC信号原始的模拟格式，以便通过发射塔30在（VHF/UHF）信道播出这些信号。相似地，通路37中的HDTV信号通过线路45装置前，应当注意到本发明主要在于通信及信号处理电路及部件的结构组合。因此，这些电路和部件的结构、控制及排布已在图中简单地由框图说明，框图仅给出那些与本发明有关的具体细节。因此，附图的框图说明不一定代表系统的机械结构安置，而主要是企图按方便的功能分组来说明系统的主要结构部件。
所提出的使电视广播业务的提供者能将NTSC和HDTV两种信道送至有人值机（attendant）的发射（塔）设备以便在VHF/UHF信道向一用户业务区广播的计划已经建议分配给演播室/电视塔链路额外的（当前保留的）带宽。遗憾的是，由于带宽保护的重要性和仅为一有限转换间隔而增加额外信道容量设备的时间及费用，分配受管制通信频谱中从前所保留的带宽被认为是一种不大理想的解决方法。
在唯一的附图中给出一图示说明，其不是分配额外带宽用于HDTV信号，而是仅采用一单一（当前所用）的微波信道来传送电视演播室和发射塔设备间的NTSC和HDTV两种信号。为此，在电视演播室10，不直接通过所用链路发射模拟NTSC电视信号，而是通过一链路11将NTSC（模拟）信号加到一编码译码器13，后者将原始的模拟NTSC视频信号转换成压缩数字格式（其数据速率范围可在12-45MB/S的量级，通常为20MB/S，此为非限制性举例）。数字编码的NTSC信号被耦合作为一数字多路复用器（nultiplexer）15的第一输入14，多路复用器15具有一耦合到数字频道微波无线电与一数字驱动的UHF发射装置51耦合。
正如前面提到的，除了在一公用数字信令信道上提供NTSC和HDTV两种信号的能力外，由于复合的NTSC/HDTV信号的数字复合格式，并依靠各NTSC和HDTV信道所用的编码分解方法，本发明的复合装置还可在信道28独立的带宽内既容纳电视演播室至发射塔的出站链路（STL）又容纳发射塔至广播室的回复链路（TSL）。也就是说，编码译码器13的复合数据速率和HDTV信道18仅占信道28带宽的一部分，信道28的其余部分可用来容纳来自发射器30处的回复链路。换句话说，本发明的数字复合方案不仅使为电视演播室和发射塔间传输信号分配额外的频率不必要，而且使切实保护和扩大当前已分配频率的容量成为可能。
不是分配额外的带宽用于HDTV信号，本发明的演播室和发射塔间的通信装置仅采用单一微波信道在电视演播室和发射塔设备间传送NTSC和HDTV两种信号以提供联播的能力而不耗费额外的带宽。

Claims (10)

1、一种通过一公共微波通信信道将NTSC视频信号和数字HDTV信号从产生每种所述NTSC视频信号和数字HDTV信号的电视演播室发送至一电视发射设备以便向用户地区广播的方法其特征包括下列步骤：
(a)在所述电视演播室，将所述NTSC视频信号转换成数字格式；
(b)将步骤(a)所获得数字式的NTSC信号和所述数字HDTV信号复合(multiplexing)成一复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号；和
(c)通过链接所述电视演播室和所述电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道发送步骤(b)获得的复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号。
2、根据权利要求1所述方法，其特征为这些步骤;
（d）在所述电视发射设备，将所述复合的NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号去复合成独立的HDTV和NTSC数字分支;
（e）将步骤（c）中去复合的所述NTSC数字分支的数字NTSC视频信号转换成模拟NTSC形式;和
（f）同时播放步骤（c）获得的NTSC电视信号和所述HDTV信号。
3、根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征是，步骤（c）包括通过链接所述电视演播室和所述电视发射设备的公用微波通信信道带宽的第一子部分发送步骤（b）中获得的复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号，以便使得链接所述电视演播室和所述电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道带宽的其余子部分可用作从所述电视发射设备到所述电视演播室的回复传送线路。
4、根据权利要求2所述的方法其特征在于链接所述电视演播室和所述电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道包括一微波射频通信链路。
5、一种通过一公共微波通信信道将NTSC视频信号和数字HDTV信号从产生所述NTSC视频信号和数字HDTV信号的电视演播室发送至电视发射设备以便向用户地区广播的装置，其特征在于所述电视演播室包括一数字编码译码器，用于将所述NTSC视频信号转换成数字形式;一多路复用器用于将所述编码译码器产生的数字形式的NTSC和所述HDTV信号复合成一复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号;和一发射机它与所述多路复用器的输出端耦合，通过链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道，发送复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号。
6、权利要求5所述装置，其特征在于，所述电视发射设备包括一去复合器，用于将通过链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道所接收的复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号去复合成独立的HDTV和NTSC数字分支;一编码译码器，用于将去复合的数字NTSC电视信号转换成模拟NTSC形式;和一广播发射机，用于联播所转换的模拟NTSC视频信号和所述HDTV信号。
7、根据权利要求5或6所述的装置其特征在于，所述电视演播室的发射机用于通过链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道带宽的第一子部分发送复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号，以便使得链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道带宽其余的子部分可用作从所述发射设备到电视演播室的回复传送链路。
8、根据权利要求7所述的装置其特征在于，链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的所述公共微波通信信道包括一微波射频通信链路。
9、一种从电视发射设备联播通过广播频谱的VHF/UHF部分的NTSC电视信号和通过广播频谱所规定的UHF部分的数字HDTV信号的方法，其特征在于包括下列步骤：
（a）在产生通过所述电视发射设备广播的NTSC电视信号的电视演播室将所述NTSC电视信号转换成数字形式;
（b）将步骤（a）中获得的数字格式的NTSC信号和所述数字HDTV信号复合成一复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号;
（c）通过链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道发送步骤（b）中获得的复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号;
（d）在所述电视发射设备，将所述复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号去复合成单独的HDTV和NTSC数字分支;
（e）将步骤（d）中去复合的NTSC数字分支的数字NTSC视频信号转换成模拟NTSC形式;
（f）从所述电视发射设备联播步骤（e）中获得的NTSC电视信号和所述HDTV信号;和
（g）链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的所述公共微波通信信道包括一微波射频通信链路。
10、根据权利要求9所述的方法其特征在于，步骤（c）包括通过链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道可获得的带宽的第一子部分发送步骤（b）中获得的复合NTSC/HDTV数字电视信号以便使得链接所述电视演播室和电视发射设备的公共微波通信信道带宽的其余子部分用作从所述电视发射设备到所述电视演播室的回复传送链路。
CN94104576A 1993-04-16 1994-04-15 联播数字编码的n制和高清晰度电视信号的方法和装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1036692C (zh)

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US08/048,620 US5412426A (en) 1993-04-16 1993-04-16 Multiplexing of digitally encoded NTSC and HDTV signals over single microwave communication link from television studio to tower transmitter facility for simultaneous broadcast (simulcast) to customer sites by transmitter facility
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