CN110073929A - A kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110073929A CN110073929A CN201910389612.7A CN201910389612A CN110073929A CN 110073929 A CN110073929 A CN 110073929A CN 201910389612 A CN201910389612 A CN 201910389612A CN 110073929 A CN110073929 A CN 110073929A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
- C05D1/02—Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulfate or double or mixed salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, including step 1, variety selections；Step 2, consolidation；Step 3, sowing cultivation；Step 4, field management；Step 5, timely collecting；Selection has deep soil layer and loose soil, and 200-360 parts of pigs and cattle excrement, 5-12 parts of potassium chloride, 50-68 parts of biogas residue, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of sodium hydrogensulfite and 20-64 parts of biogas fermentative liquid is added and is mixed with the soil layer of soil surface 10-20cm；The cultural method of the potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, by improveing soil matrix before planting, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a variety of minerals rich in and microelement in pigs and cattle excrement, allow and draw more and content nutrition when seed development, and humic acid and sodium hydrogensulfite and effectively reduce transpiration, while implantation methods are simple, with at low cost, the advantages that yield is high, convenient for management is suitble to extensive cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to potato planting technical field, specially a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating.
Background technique
Potato category grain raises dish dual-purpose crop, because its anti-disaster ability is strong, stable yield, market prospects are good, is for a long time
The chief crop of most mountain area and arid belt, the regional light requirement for planting potato is sufficient according to resource, and heat is abundant, day and night temperature
Greatly, soil layer is deep, and the soil is porous and is rich in potassium, and potato growth could be suitble to develop.But since annual precipitation is few and divides
The unequal reason of cloth, seriously constrains the stable development of Potato Industry.Therefore a kind of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating is designed
Cultural method be very it is necessary to.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, to solve above-mentioned background skill
The problem of being proposed in art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides following technical solutions: a kind of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating
Cultural method, including step 1, variety selection；Step 2, consolidation；Step 3, sowing cultivation；Step 4, field management；
Step 5, timely collecting；
Wherein in the above step 1, variety selection the following steps are included:
1) according to natural conditions, Dryland selects the high starch varieties of outer pin-type Potato Cultivars and processing type, dark and damp area's selection
Dish type and high starch potato kind；
2) after the kind for establishing suitable planting, the complete potato wedge with this varietal characteristic, no disease and pests harm are selected, is frozen without wound, potato
Clean, the bright in colour tender potato of children of skin makees potato seed；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, consolidation the following steps are included:
1) selection has deep soil layer and loose soil, and 200-360 parts of pigs and cattle excrement, 5-12 parts of potassium chloride, 50-68 is added
The biogas residue, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of sodium hydrogensulfite and 20-64 parts of biogas fermentative liquid and soil surface 10- of part
The soil layer of 20cm is mixed；
2) by soil 30~33cm of deep ploughing, with post-trenching or dig reservoir；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, sowing cultivation the following steps are included:
1) 1-2 days prior to seeding are uniformly sprayed in gained potato seed in the above step 1 using fungicide dilution；
2) evening appropriate is broadcast, seed deeplys, and potato seed sowing at Suitable depth, then does ridge, ridge face overburden layer thickness is in 10-15cm
It is advisable；
3) soil block on the face of ridge is harrowed carefully with rake, spraying Acetochlor or other herbicides prevents weed growth, is covered with black mulch film
1 ridge of lid face, and fenestra is covered tightly with wet soil；
4) the whole ridge of moisture in the soil is managed in due course again to Qi Miaoshi, while carrying out water drainage prevention against water-logging；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, field management the following steps are included:
1) water: potato watering should pour in seedling stage once crosses water, and florescence, which pours, once leakes water；
2) apply fertilizer: based on seed manure, supplemented by top dressing, seed manure is preferred with slow for fertilising, and top dressing should apply quick-acting fertilizer, and top dressing is answered
Budding bloom earth up when or watering carry out；
3) seeding stage timely Cha Miaofang seedling, and seal again and put seedling hole, emergence keeps film surface neatly intact to buddingging, in time with thin
Wet soil obturages breakage, and tuber expansion period takes off film in time, and weeding ridging is abolished hardened；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, when then reaching withered and yellow, harvested.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 2 2) in, trench digging or dig reservoir are deepened compared with rainwater normal year.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 3 1) in, if potato seed it is excessive can strippings and slicings in 3-4 days prior to seeding, in yin
Airing under the conditions of cool, and each stripping and slicing must not be lower than two bud eyes, weight is in 30-40g.
According to the above technical scheme, it should be noted that the cutter of phytosis especially ring rot infects when cutting kind, once discovery
Ill potato exists, should be in time to cutter potassium permanganate or high-temperature sterilization, and will pick potato in spite of illness.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 3 1) in, fungicide dilution is carbendazim+metalaxyl-mn-zn 500-
800 times of dilutions.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 3 2) in, while site preparation is turned over, side sowing, or directly dig reservoir sowing.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 3 3) in, the width of mulch is to be advisable more than ridge face width degree 30-40cm.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 3 3) in, the low area of height above sea level should not use covering with ground sheeting, using scribing line
Dig reservoir plantation forbids ridging, smooth and suppression, improves drought-resistant ability, ridging again after emergence.
According to the above technical scheme, the step 4 2) in, seed manure includes farmyard manure (organic fertilizer), urea, diammonium, crosses phosphorus
Sour calcium and potassium sulfate, top dressing include ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate, and nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 80% does seed manure, and 20% does top dressing, and phosphate fertilizer should be disposable
Make seed manure.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects obtained by the present invention are as follows being: the cultivation side of the potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating
Method, by improveing soil matrix before planting, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and a variety of minerals rich in and micro in pigs and cattle excrement
Element allows and draws more and content nutrition when seed development, and humic acid and sodium hydrogensulfite and effectively subtracts
Few transpiration, while implantation methods are simple, have the advantages that at low cost, yield height, convenient for management, are suitble to extensive cultivation.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of technical solution:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, including step 1, variety selection；Step 2, consolidation；Step
Three, sowing cultivation；Step 4, field management；Step 5, timely collecting；
Wherein in the above step 1, variety selection the following steps are included:
1) according to natural conditions, Dryland selects the high starch varieties of outer pin-type Potato Cultivars and processing type, dark and damp area's selection
Dish type and high starch potato kind；
2) after the kind for establishing suitable planting, the complete potato wedge with this varietal characteristic, no disease and pests harm are selected, is frozen without wound, potato
Clean, the bright in colour tender potato of children of skin makees potato seed；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, consolidation the following steps are included:
1) selection has deep soil layer and loose soil, and 300 parts of pigs and cattle excrement, 9 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of biogas residue, 5 is added
The humic acid, 5 parts of sodium hydrogensulfite and 35 parts of biogas fermentative liquid of part are mixed with the soil layer of soil surface 10cm；
2) by soil 30~33cm of deep ploughing, with post-trenching or dig reservoir, trench digging or dig reservoir are deepened compared with rainwater normal year；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, sowing cultivation the following steps are included:
1) 1-2 days prior to seeding are uniformly sprayed in gained potato seed in the above step 1 using fungicide dilution, if kind
Potato it is excessive can strippings and slicings in 3-4 days prior to seeding, airing under the conditions of cool place, and each stripping and slicing must not be lower than two bud eyes, weight
In 30-40g, it should be noted that the cutter of phytosis especially ring rot infects when cutting kind, once find that ill potato exists, it should be timely
It to cutter potassium permanganate or high-temperature sterilization, and will pick potato in spite of illness, fungicide dilution is carbendazim+metalaxyl-mn-zn
500-800 times of dilution；
2) evening appropriate is broadcast, seed deeplys, and potato seed sowing at Suitable depth, then does ridge, ridge face overburden layer thickness is in 10-15cm
It is advisable, while site preparation is turned over, side sowing, or directly dig reservoir sowing；
3) soil block on the face of ridge is harrowed carefully with rake, spraying Acetochlor or other herbicides prevents weed growth, is covered with black mulch film
1 ridge of lid face, and fenestra is covered tightly with wet soil, the width of mulch is to be advisable more than ridge face width degree 30-40cm, and the low area of height above sea level is not
Covering with ground sheeting is preferably used, using scribing line dig reservoir plantation, forbids ridging, smooth and suppression, improves drought-resistant ability, recur after emergence
Ridge；
4) the whole ridge of moisture in the soil is managed in due course again to Qi Miaoshi, while carrying out water drainage prevention against water-logging；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, field management the following steps are included:
1) water: potato watering should pour in seedling stage once crosses water, and florescence, which pours, once leakes water；
2) apply fertilizer: based on seed manure, supplemented by top dressing, seed manure is preferred with slow for fertilising, and top dressing should apply quick-acting fertilizer, and top dressing is answered
Budding bloom earth up when or watering carry out, seed manure includes farmyard manure (organic fertilizer), urea, diammonium, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate,
Top dressing includes ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate, and nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 80% does seed manure, and 20% does top dressing, and phosphate fertilizer should disposably make seed manure；
3) seeding stage timely Cha Miaofang seedling, and seal again and put seedling hole, emergence keeps film surface neatly intact to buddingging, in time with thin
Wet soil obturages breakage, and tuber expansion period takes off film in time, and weeding ridging is abolished hardened；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, when then reaching withered and yellow, harvested.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, including step 1, variety selection；Step 2, consolidation；Step
Three, sowing cultivation；Step 4, field management；Step 5, timely collecting；
Wherein in the above step 1, variety selection the following steps are included:
1) according to natural conditions, Dryland selects the high starch varieties of outer pin-type Potato Cultivars and processing type, dark and damp area's selection
Dish type and high starch potato kind；
2) after the kind for establishing suitable planting, the complete potato wedge with this varietal characteristic, no disease and pests harm are selected, is frozen without wound, potato
Clean, the bright in colour tender potato of children of skin makees potato seed；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, consolidation the following steps are included:
1) selection has deep soil layer and loose soil, and 300 parts of pigs and cattle excrement, 9 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of biogas residue, 5 is added
The humic acid, 5 parts of sodium hydrogensulfite and 35 parts of biogas fermentative liquid of part are mixed with the soil layer of soil surface 15cm；
2) by soil 30~33cm of deep ploughing, with post-trenching or dig reservoir, trench digging or dig reservoir are deepened compared with rainwater normal year；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, sowing cultivation the following steps are included:
1) 1-2 days prior to seeding are uniformly sprayed in gained potato seed in the above step 1 using fungicide dilution, if kind
Potato it is excessive can strippings and slicings in 3-4 days prior to seeding, airing under the conditions of cool place, and each stripping and slicing must not be lower than two bud eyes, weight
In 30-40g, it should be noted that the cutter of phytosis especially ring rot infects when cutting kind, once find that ill potato exists, it should be timely
It to cutter potassium permanganate or high-temperature sterilization, and will pick potato in spite of illness, fungicide dilution is carbendazim+metalaxyl-mn-zn
500-800 times of dilution；
2) evening appropriate is broadcast, seed deeplys, and potato seed sowing at Suitable depth, then does ridge, ridge face overburden layer thickness is in 10-15cm
It is advisable, while site preparation is turned over, side sowing, or directly dig reservoir sowing；
3) soil block on the face of ridge is harrowed carefully with rake, spraying Acetochlor or other herbicides prevents weed growth, is covered with black mulch film
1 ridge of lid face, and fenestra is covered tightly with wet soil, the width of mulch is to be advisable more than ridge face width degree 30-40cm, and the low area of height above sea level is not
Covering with ground sheeting is preferably used, using scribing line dig reservoir plantation, forbids ridging, smooth and suppression, improves drought-resistant ability, recur after emergence
Ridge；
4) the whole ridge of moisture in the soil is managed in due course again to Qi Miaoshi, while carrying out water drainage prevention against water-logging；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, field management the following steps are included:
1) water: potato watering should pour in seedling stage once crosses water, and florescence, which pours, once leakes water；
2) apply fertilizer: based on seed manure, supplemented by top dressing, seed manure is preferred with slow for fertilising, and top dressing should apply quick-acting fertilizer, and top dressing is answered
Budding bloom earth up when or watering carry out, seed manure includes farmyard manure (organic fertilizer), urea, diammonium, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate,
Top dressing includes ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate, and nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 80% does seed manure, and 20% does top dressing, and phosphate fertilizer should disposably make seed manure；
3) seeding stage timely Cha Miaofang seedling, and seal again and put seedling hole, emergence keeps film surface neatly intact to buddingging, in time with thin
Wet soil obturages breakage, and tuber expansion period takes off film in time, and weeding ridging is abolished hardened；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, when then reaching withered and yellow, harvested.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, including step 1, variety selection；Step 2, consolidation；Step
Three, sowing cultivation；Step 4, field management；Step 5, timely collecting；
Wherein in the above step 1, variety selection the following steps are included:
1) according to natural conditions, Dryland selects the high starch varieties of outer pin-type Potato Cultivars and processing type, dark and damp area's selection
Dish type and high starch potato kind；
2) after the kind for establishing suitable planting, the complete potato wedge with this varietal characteristic, no disease and pests harm are selected, is frozen without wound, potato
Clean, the bright in colour tender potato of children of skin makees potato seed；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, consolidation the following steps are included:
1) selection has deep soil layer and loose soil, and 300 parts of pigs and cattle excrement, 9 parts of potassium chloride, 60 parts of biogas residue, 5 is added
The humic acid, 5 parts of sodium hydrogensulfite and 35 parts of biogas fermentative liquid of part are mixed with the soil layer of soil surface 20cm；
2) by soil 30~33cm of deep ploughing, with post-trenching or dig reservoir, trench digging or dig reservoir are deepened compared with rainwater normal year；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, sowing cultivation the following steps are included:
1) 1-2 days prior to seeding are uniformly sprayed in gained potato seed in the above step 1 using fungicide dilution, if kind
Potato it is excessive can strippings and slicings in 3-4 days prior to seeding, airing under the conditions of cool place, and each stripping and slicing must not be lower than two bud eyes, weight
In 30-40g, it should be noted that the cutter of phytosis especially ring rot infects when cutting kind, once find that ill potato exists, it should be timely
It to cutter potassium permanganate or high-temperature sterilization, and will pick potato in spite of illness, fungicide dilution is carbendazim+metalaxyl-mn-zn
500-800 times of dilution；
2) evening appropriate is broadcast, seed deeplys, and potato seed sowing at Suitable depth, then does ridge, ridge face overburden layer thickness is in 10-15cm
It is advisable, while site preparation is turned over, side sowing, or directly dig reservoir sowing；
3) soil block on the face of ridge is harrowed carefully with rake, spraying Acetochlor or other herbicides prevents weed growth, is covered with black mulch film
1 ridge of lid face, and fenestra is covered tightly with wet soil, the width of mulch is to be advisable more than ridge face width degree 30-40cm, and the low area of height above sea level is not
Covering with ground sheeting is preferably used, using scribing line dig reservoir plantation, forbids ridging, smooth and suppression, improves drought-resistant ability, recur after emergence
Ridge；
4) the whole ridge of moisture in the soil is managed in due course again to Qi Miaoshi, while carrying out water drainage prevention against water-logging；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, field management the following steps are included:
1) water: potato watering should pour in seedling stage once crosses water, and florescence, which pours, once leakes water；
2) apply fertilizer: based on seed manure, supplemented by top dressing, seed manure is preferred with slow for fertilising, and top dressing should apply quick-acting fertilizer, and top dressing is answered
Budding bloom earth up when or watering carry out, seed manure includes farmyard manure (organic fertilizer), urea, diammonium, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate,
Top dressing includes ammonium bicarbonate and potassium sulfate, and nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 80% does seed manure, and 20% does top dressing, and phosphate fertilizer should disposably make seed manure；
3) seeding stage timely Cha Miaofang seedling, and seal again and put seedling hole, emergence keeps film surface neatly intact to buddingging, in time with thin
Wet soil obturages breakage, and tuber expansion period takes off film in time, and weeding ridging is abolished hardened；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, when then reaching withered and yellow, harvested.
9 ridges are being selected with a piece of soil, are being divided into A group, B group, C group and control group, every group of 5 ridges, and embodiment is respectively adopted
1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and common three kinds of implantation methods of implantation methods are planted, and the data obtained is as follows:
| Soil layer improvement depth/cm | Pest and disease damage incidence/% | Per mu yield/kg | |
| A group | 10 | 2.3 | 4180 |
| B group | 15 | 2.2 | 4290 |
| C group | 20 | 2.4 | 4360 |
| Control group | 0 | 5.6 | 3900 |
Based on above-mentioned it is found that compared with traditional potato culture method, the potato that the present invention cultivates has that quality is good, yield
The high advantage low with pest and disease damage incidence, while improveing in soil within the scope of reasonable depth before plantation, it can effectively mention
The yield of high potato.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating, including step 1, variety selection；Step 2, consolidation；Step
Rapid three, sowing cultivation；Step 4, field management；Step 5, timely collecting；It is characterized by:
Wherein in the above step 1, variety selection the following steps are included:
1) according to natural conditions, Dryland selects the high starch varieties of outer pin-type Potato Cultivars and processing type, dark and damp area's selection
Dish type and high starch potato kind；
2) after the kind for establishing suitable planting, the complete potato wedge with this varietal characteristic, no disease and pests harm are selected, is frozen without wound, potato
Clean, the bright in colour tender potato of children of skin makees potato seed；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps two, consolidation the following steps are included:
1) selection has deep soil layer and loose soil, and 200-360 parts of pigs and cattle excrement, 5-12 parts of potassium chloride, 50-68 is added
The biogas residue, 3-5 parts of humic acid, 2-5 parts of sodium hydrogensulfite and 20-64 parts of biogas fermentative liquid and soil surface 10- of part
The soil layer of 20cm is mixed；
2) by soil 30~33cm of deep ploughing, with post-trenching or dig reservoir；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps three, sowing cultivation the following steps are included:
1) 1-2 days prior to seeding are uniformly sprayed in gained potato seed in the above step 1 using fungicide dilution；
2) evening appropriate is broadcast, seed deeplys, and potato seed sowing at Suitable depth, then does ridge, ridge face overburden layer thickness is in 10-15cm
It is advisable；
3) soil block on the face of ridge is harrowed carefully with rake, spraying Acetochlor or other herbicides prevents weed growth, is covered with black mulch film
1 ridge of lid face, and fenestra is covered tightly with wet soil；
4) the whole ridge of moisture in the soil is managed in due course again to Qi Miaoshi, while carrying out water drainage prevention against water-logging；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps four, field management the following steps are included:
1) water: potato watering should pour in seedling stage once crosses water, and florescence, which pours, once leakes water；
2) apply fertilizer: based on seed manure, supplemented by top dressing, seed manure is preferred with slow for fertilising, and top dressing should apply quick-acting fertilizer, and top dressing is answered
Budding bloom earth up when or watering carry out；
3) seeding stage timely Cha Miaofang seedling, and seal again and put seedling hole, emergence keeps film surface neatly intact to buddingging, in time with thin
Wet soil obturages breakage, and tuber expansion period takes off film in time, and weeding ridging is abolished hardened；
Wherein in above-mentioned steps five, most of cauline leaf from green to yellow, when then reaching withered and yellow, harvested.
2. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
2 2) in, trench digging or dig reservoir compared with rainwater normal year deepen.
3. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
3 1) in, if potato seed it is excessive can strippings and slicings in 3-4 days prior to seeding, airing under the conditions of cool place, and each stripping and slicing must not be lower than two
A bud eye, weight is in 30-40g.
4. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: answered when cutting kind
Notice that the cutter of phytosis especially ring rot infects, once find that ill potato exists, it should be in time to cutter potassium permanganate
Or high-temperature sterilization, and will pick potato in spite of illness.
5. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
3 1) in, fungicide dilution be 500-800 times of dilution of carbendazim+metalaxyl-mn-zn.
6. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
3 2) in, while turn over site preparation, side sowing, or directly dig reservoir sowing.
7. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
3 3) in, the width of mulch is to be advisable more than ridge face width degree 30-40cm.
8. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
3 3) in, the low area of height above sea level should not use covering with ground sheeting, using scribing line dig reservoir plantation, forbid ridging, it is smooth and suppression, improve
Drought-resistant ability, ridging again after emergence.
9. a kind of cultural method of potato water-saving drought-resistant cultivating according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step
4 2) in, seed manure includes farmyard manure (organic fertilizer), urea, diammonium, calcium superphosphate and potassium sulfate, and top dressing includes ammonium bicarbonate and sulfuric acid
Potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer, potash fertilizer 80% do seed manure, and 20% does top dressing, and phosphate fertilizer should disposably make seed manure.
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Address after: 041000 No. 33, Yan Tong Street, Yaodu District, Shanxi, Linfen Applicant after: Wheat Research Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University Address before: 041300 Chengnan Wangjiazhuang, Xi county, Linfen City, Shanxi Province Applicant before: XIXIAN COUNTY AGRICUTURAL TESTING STATION, SHANXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |
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Application publication date: 20190802 |