CN110072911B - 用于分离与聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的制备过程相关的碳酸亚丙酯的方法 - Google Patents

用于分离与聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的制备过程相关的碳酸亚丙酯的方法 Download PDF

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CN110072911B
CN110072911B CN201780077571.7A CN201780077571A CN110072911B CN 110072911 B CN110072911 B CN 110072911B CN 201780077571 A CN201780077571 A CN 201780077571A CN 110072911 B CN110072911 B CN 110072911B
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白俊铉
河载熙
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Abstract

本发明涉及通过向包含聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的反应产物中添加水来选择性地分离碳酸亚丙酯的方法，其中可以实现经济且高效的碳酸亚丙酯分离，所述反应产物由在双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂下环氧丙烷与二氧化碳的聚合反应而产生。

Description

用于分离与聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的制备过程相关的碳酸亚丙酯 的方法
技术领域
本公开涉及用于分离与聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的制备过程相关的碳酸亚丙酯的技术。
背景技术
聚醚碳酸酯多元醇通过由于在双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂的存在下环氧丙烷与二氧化碳的聚合反应而发生的二氧化碳的加成来生产，其反应式如下。
Figure BDA0002094655840000011
从以上反应式可以看出，碳酸亚丙酯在聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的聚合反应期间作为副产物产生。为了获得高纯度的多元醇，需要从其中分离出作为副产物形成的碳酸亚丙酯。
作为分离这种碳酸亚丙酯副产物的方法，可以使用如日本专利公开第1995-238161号中描述的蒸馏方法。然而，碳酸亚丙酯具有低蒸气压和高沸点，因此，使用普通蒸馏过程的碳酸亚丙酯分离将需要温度为240℃或更高的高温高压蒸汽，因此消耗大量的能量并使成本效益显著降低。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开提供了有效分离在多元醇生产过程期间作为副产物产生的碳酸亚丙酯的方法，所述方法是节能的并且能够在不使用高温高压蒸汽的情况下分离碳酸亚丙酯。
技术方案
本公开提供了通过在由环氧丙烷与二氧化碳的反应生产多元醇的过程期间将水添加至包含聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的反应产物来选择性地分离碳酸亚丙酯的方法。
水可以以1:1至10的比例添加至反应产物中。过量添加水以使碳酸亚丙酯完全溶解。当以过量(例如以反应产物的量的10倍或更多倍的量)添加水时，在后续过程中可能出现过多的困难，因此不是优选的。
优选的是在将反应产物和水的混合物充分混合之后，将包含聚醚碳酸酯的层与包含碳酸亚丙酯的层彼此分离。
有益效果
根据本公开的方法，可以在不使用高温高压蒸汽的情况下从包含聚醚碳酸酯和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物中高效地分离碳酸亚丙酯，因此消耗相对较少的能量并且是成本有效的。
附图说明
图1示出了在根据本公开分离碳酸亚丙酯之前和之后的多元醇反应产物的NMR。
具体实施方式
本公开涉及从聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中除去副产物碳酸亚丙酯的方法，所述聚醚碳酸酯多元醇是来自在双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂的存在下通过环氧丙烷与二氧化碳的反应来生产聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的过程的产物。
作为聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的生产过程的副产物而产生的碳酸亚丙酯在室温下在水中的溶解度比聚醚碳酸酯多元醇高17.5％。鉴于前述内容，本公开旨在通过利用上述在水中的溶解度差异来从聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中分离副产物碳酸亚丙酯。
以上使用的水可以是蒸馏水，但不限于此。
水以过量添加至聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物中，并且优选地，水以1:1至10的体积比添加。考虑到少量的碳酸亚丙酯存在于产物聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中，以大于或等于聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的总体积的量添加水足以溶解副产物碳酸亚丙酯。添加的水的量的上限没有特别限制；然而，为了过程的高效运行，优选的是相对于1体积份的混合物以不大于10体积份的量添加水。例如，水可以以1:1至8、1:1至7和1:1至5的体积比添加至聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物中。
以上使用的水可以是室温下的水，更具体地，是20℃至50℃的温度范围内的水。
在此，在将水添加至聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物中之后，可以包括进行充分搅拌以使包含在聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中的碳酸亚丙酯溶解在水中的操作。
包括从聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物中分离溶解在水中的碳酸亚丙酯的操作。分离可以通过离心实现。离心根据包含在聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中的碳酸亚丙酯的含量进行调节，并且没有特别限制。
通过离心，在包含溶解在水中的碳酸亚丙酯的上层溶液与包含聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的下层溶液之间发生层分离。因此，通过从其中分离并除去上层溶液，可以获得下层溶液，从而得到高纯度的目标产物聚醚碳酸酯多元醇。
更优选地，可以包括对由此获得的聚醚碳酸酯多元醇进行干燥的操作。进行干燥以从聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中除去水，并且进行干燥的条件没有特别限制，只要其可以引起水蒸发即可。
根据本公开，本公开的方法可以通过利用碳酸亚丙酯在水中的高溶解度来从聚醚碳酸酯多元醇中除去碳酸亚丙酯，并且由于在本公开的方法中不需要使用高温高压蒸汽，因此可以显著降低消耗的能量的量。
虽然本公开包括具体的示例性实施方案，但是对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是，在不脱离权利要求及其等同方案的精神和范围的情况下，可以在这些示例性实施方案中进行各种形式和细节上的改变。本文描述的实施例被认为仅是描述性的，而不是出于限制的目的。
发明实施方式
在下文中，将更详细地描述本公开的实施例。以下描述的实施例是可以实施本公开的许多实施例之一，因此，本公开不受本文描述的实施例的限定。
实施例1
制备其中聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯共存的反应产物，所述反应产物由在双金属氰化物(DMC)催化剂的存在下使环氧丙烷与二氧化碳聚合获得。
对制备的反应产物进行1H-NMR分析，其结果示于图1中。
从图1中可以看出，在制备的反应产物中观察到对应于碳酸亚丙酯的1.5ppm和4.5ppm处的峰。
将10ml至15ml反应产物置于离心管中。随后，添加蒸馏水(室温下)以填充离心管(35ml至40ml水)。
接下来，剧烈摇动离心管，从而将上层溶液(蒸馏水)与下层溶液(有机混合物)彻底混合。
使用离心机使经彻底混合的混合物以5000rpm离心15分钟。
一旦分离出离心的上层溶液，就将由此获得的下层溶液置于500mL烧瓶中。使用旋转蒸发器将置于烧瓶中的下层溶液在110℃下真空干燥4小时。
结果，获得了已经从其中分离出碳酸亚丙酯的聚醚碳酸酯多元醇。
通过1H-NMR分析由此获得的聚醚碳酸酯多元醇，结果示于图1中。
从图1中可以看出，可以确定，分离之后的1H-NMR结果，对应于碳酸亚丙酯的1.5ppm和4.5ppm处的峰显著降低。

Claims (3)

1.一种从包含聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物中除去碳酸亚丙酯的方法，所述方法包括
将水添加至所述混合物；
使其中添加有所述水的所述混合物离心，以将所述混合物分成包含聚醚碳酸酯多元醇的下层溶液和包含碳酸亚丙酯的上层溶液；以及
从其中分离并除去所述上层溶液以回收所述聚醚碳酸酯多元醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中相对于所述包含聚醚碳酸酯多元醇和碳酸亚丙酯的混合物，所述水以1:1至10的体积比添加。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括对所述聚醚碳酸酯多元醇进行干燥的操作。
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