CN110036837B - Fruit and vegetable, aquatic product and pig compound self-circulation breeding method - Google Patents
Fruit and vegetable, aquatic product and pig compound self-circulation breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110036837B CN110036837B CN201910429060.8A CN201910429060A CN110036837B CN 110036837 B CN110036837 B CN 110036837B CN 201910429060 A CN201910429060 A CN 201910429060A CN 110036837 B CN110036837 B CN 110036837B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable, aquatic product and pig breeding, in particular to a compound self-circulation breeding method of fruit and vegetable, aquatic product and pig; ecological water in the aquaculture pond is absorbed and decomposed by fish, shrimps and crabs and then flows back to the aquaculture pond, the rest part of the ecological water is subjected to electrodialysis, primary clear liquid flows back to the aquaculture pond, and suspended nutrient solution, sediment in the aquaculture pond and excrement in a pigsty are pumped into the water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe through fermentation. Compared with the existing cultured fishes, shrimps and crabs, the yield of the invention is improved by 20 to 30 percent, the production period is shortened by 1 to 2 months, the water quality of the aquatic products is clear and pollution-free, and the water quality of the aquatic products is well controlled and greatly improved; meanwhile, compared with the existing cultivated fruits and vegetables, the yield of the invention is improved by 25 to 30 percent, the fruits and vegetables have good growth vigor, strong disease resistance and full fruits, 5 to 8 kilograms of fruits and vegetables can be produced in each kilogram of pork, the dining table diet is greatly enriched, and the dining table food safety of the fruits and vegetables, fish, shrimp, crab and pork is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit and vegetable, aquatic product and pig breeding, in particular to a compound self-circulation breeding method of fruit and vegetable, aquatic product and pig.
Background
At present, domestic fruit and vegetable planting and aquaculture are mostly independent systems, the traditional planting and aquaculture mode is still used as a main mode, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are unreasonably used for a long time and are excessively used in the fruit and vegetable planting industry, and great hidden dangers exist in food safety; the aquaculture industry mainly adopts pond culture, is greatly influenced by natural factors such as climate, water quality and the like, has a water body pollution phenomenon caused by bait, fish excrement, untimely water change and the like, and has great damage to the surrounding water area environment; in recent years, some fish and plant symbiotic culture methods have appeared, but the method has the defects that the water quality is difficult to control and unstable, and the yield of aquatic products and fruits and vegetables is low; the main points are as follows: when the water quality of the fish is maintained, plants are lack of elements, the phenomena of slow growth, yellowing of leaves, small fruits, low yield and the like occur, when the nutrition required by the plants in the water quality is maintained, the water quality of the fish becomes turbid, the water body is polluted, the phenomena of small fish input amount, easy disease occurrence, low yield and the like are caused, the scale of fruit and vegetable planting is limited by the scale of aquatic product cultivation, and the development of the fruit and vegetable planting and the aquatic product cultivation to the intensified ecological agriculture direction is restricted; meanwhile, excrement produced by the existing pig industry cannot be effectively utilized and timely treated, the surrounding is smelly, resource waste and environmental pollution are easily caused, and no literature reports a breeding mode combining the pig industry with fruit and vegetable planting and aquaculture exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a compound self-circulation breeding method of fruits and vegetables, aquatic products and pigs, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problems that the water quality is difficult to control and unstable, the yields of the aquatic products and the fruits and vegetables are low, and the excrement generated by the pig industry is easy to cause resource waste and environmental pollution in the breeding method of fish-plant symbiosis.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a compound self-circulation cultivation method of fruits and vegetables, aquatic products and pigs comprises the following steps: firstly, absorbing and decomposing ecological water fed into an aquaculture pond by fish, shrimps and crabs to obtain primary circulating liquid, refluxing a part of the primary circulating liquid to the aquaculture pond after sequentially carrying out disinfection, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting, carrying out electrodialysis on the rest part of the primary circulating liquid to obtain primary clear liquid and primary suspension nutrient solution, and refluxing the primary clear liquid to the aquaculture pond; secondly, pumping ecological water which is merged and supplemented into the water culture pipe from the head part into the water culture pipe which is connected together end to end through a U-shaped bent pipe from top to bottom, absorbing the ecological water by the roots of fruits and vegetables cultured on a culture hole of the water culture pipe to obtain secondary circulating liquid, returning one part of the secondary circulating liquid from the head part of the water culture pipe into the water culture pipe, performing electrodialysis on the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspension nutrient liquid, returning the secondary suspension nutrient liquid from the head part of the water culture pipe into the water culture pipe, and returning the secondary clear liquid to an aquaculture pond; collecting sediments accumulated in the aquaculture pond and excrement generated in a pigsty every 30 to 60 days, mixing the sediments and the excrement, putting the mixture into a fermentation pond for fermentation, and pumping fermentation liquor obtained after fermentation into a water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe after disinfection; and fourthly, repeating the first step to the third step to complete the compound self-circulation of the fruits, the vegetables, the aquatic products and the pigs.
The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the technical scheme of the invention:
in the first step, 1/2-9/10 of the total flow of the primary circulating liquid is subjected to disinfection, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting in sequence and then flows back to the aquaculture pond, the rest part of the primary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain primary clear liquid and primary suspension nutrient solution, and the primary clear liquid flows back to the aquaculture pond; or/and in the second step, 1/2-9/10 of the total flow of the secondary circulating liquid flows back into the water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe, and the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspended nutrient solution.
In the first step, the sterilization treatment adopts ultraviolet sterilization treatment; or/and, per M, microorganism water purification treatment35g to 10g of nitrobacteria are added into the primary circulating liquid for microbial water purification treatment; or/and the oxygen content of the primary circulating liquid after oxygen melting is 6mg/L to 10 mg/L.
The ecological water is pond water, spring water or paddy field water, and the temperature of the ecological water is 12-30 ℃; or/and the water culture pipe is positioned in the greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 8-35 ℃, the pigsty is a closed pigsty, and a ventilation channel is arranged between the pigsty and the greenhouse.
And step three, collecting the sediment accumulated in the aquaculture pond and the excrement generated in the pigsty every 30 to 60 days, mixing the sediment and the excrement, placing the mixture into a fermentation pond, fermenting the mixture for 20 to 40 days at the temperature of between 25 and 35 ℃, sterilizing the fermentation liquor obtained after fermentation, and pumping the sterilized fermentation liquor into a water culture pipe from the head of the water culture pipe, wherein the addition amount of the zymophyte is one ten thousandth to two ten thousandth of the total mass of the sediment and the excrement.
The aquaculture pond comprises at least one culture pond, at least one juvenile shrimp pond or juvenile crab pond and at least one adult shrimp pond or adult crab pond which are connected in series; aquatic plants are placed in the culture pond, the young shrimp pond or the young crab pond and the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond.
The water depth of the young shrimp pond or the young crab pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the young shrimp pond or the young crab pond3Containing 250 to 700 shrimp larvae or crab larvae in the water; or/and the water depth of the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond3Containing 150 to 250 adult shrimps or crabs in the water; or/and the water depth of the culture pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the culture pond335 to 70 kilograms of fish are contained in the water, and the fish in the culture pond is Chinese sturgeon, carp or grass carp.
The daily feeding amount of the juvenile shrimps or the juvenile crabs is 1.5 to 2 percent of the weight of the juvenile shrimps or the juvenile crabs; or/and the daily feed consumption of the adult shrimps or the adult crabs is 2 to 3 percent of the weight of the adult shrimps or the adult crabs; or/and the daily feed intake of the fish is 0.5 to 2 percent of the weight of the fish; or/and the feed for feeding the young shrimps or the young crabs or the adult shrimps or the adult crabs is more than one of crushed cooked cereals, crushed oil residues and crushed fresh animal meat; or/and the feed for fish is crushed cooked eggs.
The above fruits and vegetables are more than one of strawberry, herba Menthae, flos Chrysanthemi Indici, herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and fructus fici; or/and the daily illumination intensity of the fruits and vegetables is 2000LX to 10000LX, and the daily illumination time of the fruits and vegetables is 6h to 13 h; or/and the aperture of the culture hole is 2.5cm to 4.5 cm; or/and the plant spacing of two adjacent fruits and vegetables on the water culture pipe is 9cm to 30cm, and the row spacing of two adjacent fruits and vegetables is 25cm to 40 cm.
Compared with the existing fish-plant symbiotic culture method, the yield of the cultured fishes, shrimps and crabs is improved by 20 to 30 percent, the production period is shortened by 1 to 2 months, the water quality of the aquatic products is clear and pollution-free, and the water quality of the aquatic products is well controlled and greatly improved; meanwhile, compared with the fruit and vegetable yield cultivated by the existing fish-planting symbiotic cultivation method, the fruit and vegetable yield is increased by 25-30%, the fruit and vegetable growth vigor is good, the disease resistance is strong, the fruit is full, 5-8 kg of fruit and vegetable can be produced in addition per kg of pork, the dining table diet is greatly enriched, and the dining table food safety of the fruit and vegetable, the fish, the shrimp, the crab and the pork is ensured.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention. The various chemical reagents and chemical articles mentioned in the invention are all the chemical reagents and chemical articles which are well known and commonly used in the prior art, unless otherwise specified; the percentages in the invention are mass percentages unless otherwise specified; the solution in the present invention is an aqueous solution of water as a solvent, for example, a hydrochloric acid solution is an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, unless otherwise specified.
Embodiment 1, the compound self-circulation cultivation method of fruits, vegetables, aquatic products and pigs comprises the following steps: firstly, absorbing and decomposing ecological water fed into an aquaculture pond by fish, shrimps and crabs to obtain primary circulating liquid, refluxing a part of the primary circulating liquid to the aquaculture pond after sequentially carrying out disinfection, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting, carrying out electrodialysis on the rest part of the primary circulating liquid to obtain primary clear liquid and primary suspension nutrient solution, and refluxing the primary clear liquid to the aquaculture pond; secondly, pumping ecological water which is merged and supplemented into the water culture pipe from the head part into the water culture pipe which is connected together end to end through a U-shaped bent pipe from top to bottom, absorbing the ecological water by the roots of fruits and vegetables cultured on a culture hole of the water culture pipe to obtain secondary circulating liquid, returning one part of the secondary circulating liquid from the head part of the water culture pipe into the water culture pipe, performing electrodialysis on the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspension nutrient liquid, returning the secondary suspension nutrient liquid from the head part of the water culture pipe into the water culture pipe, and returning the secondary clear liquid to an aquaculture pond; collecting sediments accumulated in the aquaculture pond and excrement generated in a pigsty every 30 to 60 days, mixing the sediments and the excrement, putting the mixture into a fermentation pond for fermentation, and pumping fermentation liquor obtained after fermentation into a water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe after disinfection; and fourthly, repeating the first step to the third step to complete the compound self-circulation of the fruits, the vegetables, the aquatic products and the pigs. Electrodialysis is well known and used, and electrodialysis can be performed with an electrodialyzer to separate a clear solution and a suspension.
Embodiment 2, as an optimization of the above embodiment, in the first step, 1/2 to 9/10 of the total flow rate of the primary circulating fluid sequentially undergo disinfection, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting and then flow back to the aquaculture tank, the rest of the primary circulating fluid undergoes electrodialysis to obtain a primary clear fluid and a primary suspended nutrient solution, and the primary clear fluid flows back to the aquaculture tank; or/and in the second step, 1/2-9/10 of the total flow of the secondary circulating liquid flows back into the water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe, and the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspended nutrient solution.
Example 3, as an optimization of the above example, in the first step, the sterilization treatment was an ultraviolet sterilization treatment; or/and, per M, microorganism water purification treatment35g to 10g of nitrobacteria are added into the primary circulating liquid for microbial water purification treatment; or/and the oxygen content of the primary circulating liquid after oxygen melting is 6mg/L to 10 mg/L.
Example 4, as an optimization of the above example, the ecological water is pond water, spring water or paddy field water, and the temperature of the ecological water is 12 ℃ to 30 ℃; or/and the water culture pipe is positioned in the greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 8-35 ℃, the pigsty is a closed pigsty, and a ventilation channel is arranged between the pigsty and the greenhouse.
Example 5, as an optimization of the above example, in the third step, the precipitate accumulated in the aquaculture pond and the feces produced in the pigsty are collected every 30 to 60 days, mixed and placed in the fermentation pond to ferment for 20 to 40 days at a temperature of 25 to 35 ℃, the fermentation broth obtained after fermentation is sterilized and then pumped into the hydroponic pipe from the head of the hydroponic pipe, and the addition amount of the fermentation bacteria is one ten thousandth to two ten thousandth of the total mass of the precipitate and the feces.
Example 6, as an optimization of the above example, the aquaculture pond comprises at least one culture pond, at least one shrimp larvae pond or crab larvae pond and at least one shrimp adult pond or crab adult pond connected in series; aquatic plants are placed in the culture pond, the young shrimp pond or the young crab pond and the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond.
Example 7 As an optimization of the above example, the depth of water in the young shrimp pond or young crab pond is 15cm to 35cm, and every M in the young shrimp pond or young crab pond3Containing 250 to 700 shrimp larvae or crab larvae in the water; or/and the water depth of the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond3Containing 150 to 250 adult shrimps or crabs in the water; or/and the water depth of the culture pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the culture pond335 to 70 kilograms of fish are contained in the water, and the fish in the culture pond is Chinese sturgeon, carp or grass carp.
Example 8, as an optimization of the above example, the daily feeding amount of the shrimp larvae or crab larvae is 1.5% to 2% of the weight of the shrimp larvae or crab larvae; or/and the daily feed consumption of the adult shrimps or the adult crabs is 2 to 3 percent of the weight of the adult shrimps or the adult crabs; or/and the daily feed intake of the fish is 0.5 to 2 percent of the weight of the fish; or/and the feed for feeding the young shrimps or the young crabs or the adult shrimps or the adult crabs is more than one of crushed cooked cereals, crushed oil residues and crushed fresh animal meat; or/and the feed for fish is crushed cooked eggs.
Embodiment 9, as the optimization of the above embodiment, the fruits and vegetables are more than one of strawberries, mint, bitter chrysanthemum, water plant flowers and figs; or/and the daily illumination intensity of the fruits and vegetables is 2000LX to 10000LX, and the daily illumination time of the fruits and vegetables is 6h to 13 h; or/and the aperture of the culture hole is 2.5cm to 4.5 cm; or/and the plant spacing of two adjacent fruits and vegetables on the water culture pipe is 9cm to 30cm, and the row spacing of two adjacent fruits and vegetables is 25cm to 40 cm.
Example 10, different from example 1, in the first step, 9/10 of the total flow rate of the primary circulating fluid is subjected to sterilization, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting in sequence and then flows back to the aquaculture tank, the remaining part of the primary circulating fluid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain a primary clear fluid and a primary suspended nutrient solution, and the primary clear fluid flows back to the aquaculture tank; in the second step, 9/10 of the total flow of the secondary circulating liquid flows back to the water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe, and the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspension nutrient solution; per M of microorganism water purification treatment35g of nitrifying bacteria are added into the primary circulating liquid for microbial water purification treatment; the oxygen content of the primary circulating liquid after oxygen melting is 6 mg/L; and thirdly, collecting the sediment accumulated in the aquaculture pond and the excrement generated in the pigsty every 60 days, mixing the sediment and the excrement, putting the mixture into a fermentation pond, fermenting the mixture for 20 days at the temperature of 25 ℃, sterilizing the fermentation liquid obtained after fermentation, and pumping the sterilized fermentation liquid into a water culture pipe from the head of the water culture pipe, wherein the addition of the fermentation bacteria is one ten thousandth of the total mass of the sediment and the excrement. Example 10 compared with the existing fish-plant symbiotic cultivation method, the yield of the cultured fish, shrimp and crab is improved by 20 percent, and the production period is four weeksThe period is shortened by 1 month, the water quality of the aquatic products is clear and pollution-free, and the water quality of the aquatic products is well controlled and greatly improved; meanwhile, compared with the fruit and vegetable yield of the existing fish symbiotic cultivation method, the fruit and vegetable yield is increased by 25%, the fruit and vegetable growth vigor is good, the disease resistance is high, the fruit is full, 5 kilograms of fruit and vegetable can be produced in each kilogram of pork, the dining table diet is greatly enriched, and the dining table food safety of the fruit and vegetable, the fish, the shrimp, the crab and the pork is ensured.
Example 11 is different from example 1 in that 1/2 of the total flow rate of the primary circulating fluid flows back to the aquaculture tank after being sterilized, subjected to microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting in sequence in the first step, the rest of the primary circulating fluid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain primary clear liquid and primary suspended nutrient solution, and the primary clear liquid flows back to the aquaculture tank; in the second step, 1/2 of the total flow of the secondary circulating liquid flows back to the water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe, and the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspension nutrient solution; per M of microorganism water purification treatment3Adding 10g of nitrifying bacteria into the primary circulating liquid, and carrying out microbial water purification treatment; the oxygen content of the primary circulating liquid after oxygen melting is 10 mg/L; and thirdly, collecting the sediments accumulated in the aquaculture pond and the excrement generated in the pigsty every 30 intervals, mixing the sediments and the excrement, putting the mixture into a fermentation pond, fermenting for 40 days at the temperature of 35 ℃, sterilizing fermentation liquor obtained after fermentation, and pumping the fermentation liquor into a water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe, wherein the addition amount of the fermentation bacteria is two ten thousandth of the total mass of the sediments and the excrement. In the embodiment 11, compared with the existing fish-plant symbiotic culture method, the yield of the cultured fishes, shrimps and crabs is improved by 30 percent, the production period is shortened by 2 months, the water quality of the aquatic products is clear and pollution-free, and the water quality of the aquatic products is well controlled and greatly improved; meanwhile, compared with the existing fish-planting symbiotic cultivation method, the yield of the fruits and vegetables is improved by 30%, the fruits and vegetables grow well, the disease resistance is high, the fruits are full, 8 kilograms of fruits and vegetables can be produced in each kilogram of pork, the dining table diet is greatly enriched, and the dining table food safety of the fruits and vegetables, the fish, the shrimps, the crabs and the pork is ensured.
According to the invention, surplus nutrients generated after the fish, the shrimp and the crab in the aquaculture pond are absorbed and decomposed are concentrated by an electrodialysis method, and enter the water culture pipe together with the sediment accumulated in the aquaculture pond and the excrement generated in a pigsty after fermentation, and clear liquid is returned to the aquaculture pond by the electrodialysis method after the clear liquid is absorbed by the roots of fruits and vegetables on the water culture pipe, so that the compound self-circulation of the fruits and vegetables, the aquatic products and the pigs is realized, the stability of the single circulation systems of the aquatic products and the fruits and vegetables is greatly maintained, the water quality of the aquatic products is clear and stable, the timely supply of the nutrients of the fruits and vegetables is ensured, the pollution of the water quality of the aquatic products and the nutrient loss of the fruits and vegetables are greatly reduced, and the planting scale of the fruits and vegetables is not limited by the scale of the aquaculture; the cultivation method of the invention does not apply fertilizer and spray, provides microorganism ingestion for fish, shrimp and crab, provides nutrition for the fruit and vegetable by natural residual bait, excrement and fermentation liquor of the fish, shrimp and crab, provides original ecological composite self-circulation mode of feed for pig by part of the fruit and vegetable, better transforms the required feed by the pig house and the greenhouse through ventilation, improves the cultivation environment of pig and fruit and vegetable, improves cultivation quality, scale, supply and production benefit, and ensures dining table safety.
In conclusion, compared with the fish, shrimp and crab cultivated by the existing fish-plant symbiotic cultivation method, the yield of the fish, shrimp and crab cultivated by the method is improved by 20 to 30 percent, the production period is shortened by 1 to 2 months, the water quality of the aquatic product is clear and pollution-free, and the water quality of the aquatic product is well controlled and greatly improved; meanwhile, compared with the fruit and vegetable yield cultivated by the existing fish-planting symbiotic cultivation method, the fruit and vegetable yield is increased by 25-30%, the fruit and vegetable growth vigor is good, the disease resistance is strong, the fruit is full, 5-8 kg of fruit and vegetable can be produced in addition per kg of pork, the dining table diet is greatly enriched, and the dining table food safety of the fruit and vegetable, the fish, the shrimp, the crab and the pork is ensured.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (5)
1. A compound self-circulation cultivation method of fruits and vegetables, aquatic products and pigs is characterized by comprising the following steps: first, raw materials are fed into an aquaculture pondThe method comprises the following steps that (1) water in a state is absorbed and decomposed by fish, shrimps and crabs to obtain primary circulating liquid, one part of the primary circulating liquid is subjected to disinfection, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting in sequence and then flows back to an aquaculture pond, the rest part of the primary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain primary clear liquid and primary suspension nutrient solution, and the primary clear liquid flows back to the aquaculture pond; secondly, pumping ecological water which is merged and supplemented into the water culture pipe from the head part into the water culture pipe which is connected together end to end through a U-shaped bent pipe from top to bottom, absorbing the ecological water by the roots of fruits and vegetables cultured on a culture hole of the water culture pipe to obtain secondary circulating liquid, returning one part of the secondary circulating liquid from the head part of the water culture pipe into the water culture pipe, performing electrodialysis on the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspension nutrient liquid, returning the secondary suspension nutrient liquid from the head part of the water culture pipe into the water culture pipe, and returning the secondary clear liquid to an aquaculture pond; collecting sediments accumulated in the aquaculture pond and excrement generated in a pigsty every 30 to 60 days, mixing the sediments and the excrement, putting the mixture into a fermentation pond for fermentation, and pumping fermentation liquor obtained after fermentation into a water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe after disinfection; fourthly, repeating the first step to the third step to complete the compound self-circulation of the fruits, the vegetables, the aquatic products and the pigs, wherein in the first step, 1/2 to 9/10 of the total flow of the primary circulating liquid sequentially undergoes disinfection, microbial water purification treatment and oxygen melting and then flows back to the aquaculture pond, the rest part of the primary circulating liquid undergoes electrodialysis to obtain primary clear liquid and primary suspension nutrient solution, and the primary clear liquid flows back to the aquaculture pond; or/and in the second step, 1/2-9/10 of the total flow of the secondary circulating liquid flows back into the water culture pipe from the head part of the water culture pipe, the rest part of the secondary circulating liquid is subjected to electrodialysis to obtain secondary clear liquid and secondary suspension nutrient solution, and in the first step, the disinfection treatment adopts ultraviolet disinfection treatment; or/and, per M, microorganism water purification treatment35g to 10g of nitrobacteria are added into the primary circulating liquid for microbial water purification treatment; or/and the oxygen content of the primary circulating liquid after oxygen melting is 6mg/L to 10mg/L, the ecological water is pond water, spring water or paddy field water, and the temperature of the ecological water is 12 ℃ to 30 ℃; or/and the water culture pipe is positioned in the greenhouse, the temperature in the greenhouse is 8-35 ℃, the pigsty is a closed pigsty, a ventilation channel is arranged between the pigsty and the greenhouse, and the third step is thatCollecting the precipitate accumulated in the aquaculture pond and the excrement generated in the pigsty every 30-60 days, mixing and fermenting in a fermentation pond at the temperature of 25-35 ℃ for 20-40 days, sterilizing the fermented liquid obtained after fermentation, and pumping the sterilized fermented liquid into a water culture pipe from the head of the water culture pipe, wherein the adding amount of the zymophyte is one ten thousandth to two ten thousandth of the total mass of the precipitate and the excrement.
2. The compound self-circulation cultivation method for fruits and vegetables, aquatic products and pigs according to claim 1, wherein the aquaculture pond comprises at least one cultivation pond, at least one juvenile shrimp pond or juvenile crab pond and at least one adult shrimp pond or adult crab pond which are connected in series; aquatic plants are placed in the culture pond, the young shrimp pond or the young crab pond and the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond.
3. The compound self-circulation cultivation method of fruits and vegetables, aquatic products and pigs according to claim 2, wherein the depth of water in the young shrimp pond or young crab pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the young shrimp pond or young crab pond3Containing 250 to 700 shrimp larvae or crab larvae in the water; or/and the water depth of the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the adult shrimp pond or the adult crab pond3Containing 150 to 250 adult shrimps or crabs in the water; or/and the water depth of the culture pond is 15cm to 35cm, and each M in the culture pond335 to 70 kilograms of fish are contained in the water, and the fish in the culture pond is Chinese sturgeon, carp or grass carp.
4. The method for cultivating fruit, vegetable, aquatic product and pig in self-circulation mode according to claim 3, wherein the daily feeding amount of the young shrimp or crab is 1.5-2% of the weight of the young shrimp or crab; or/and the daily feed consumption of the adult shrimps or the adult crabs is 2 to 3 percent of the weight of the adult shrimps or the adult crabs; or/and the daily feed intake of the fish is 0.5 to 2 percent of the weight of the fish; or/and the feed for feeding the young shrimps or the young crabs or the adult shrimps or the adult crabs is more than one of crushed cooked cereals, crushed oil residues and crushed fresh animal meat; or/and the feed for fish is crushed cooked eggs.
5. The compound self-circulation cultivation method of fruits and vegetables, aquatic products and pigs according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the fruits and vegetables are more than one of strawberry, mint, bitter chrysanthemum, water plant flower and fig; or/and the daily illumination intensity of the fruits and vegetables is 2000LX to 10000LX, and the daily illumination time of the fruits and vegetables is 6h to 13 h; or/and the aperture of the culture hole is 2.5cm to 4.5 cm; or/and the plant spacing of two adjacent fruits and vegetables on the water culture pipe is 9cm to 30cm, and the row spacing of two adjacent fruits and vegetables is 25cm to 40 cm.
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