CN109968768B - 一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及太阳能背板技术领域，具体涉及一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板。为了解决现有的太阳能电池背板不同时具有良好的导热性及绝缘性的问题，本发明提供一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板。所述背板包括ABA三层结构，所述A层包括黏结树脂和导热填料，所述A层包括8‑20％导热填料。本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板具有高导热性，同时具有良好的绝缘性，且制备方法工艺简单。本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板能够有效提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能背板技术领域，具体涉及一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板。
背景技术
现代社会应是节约型的社会，而社会生活也应是节约能耗的生活。而太阳能作为一种取之不尽的新型环保能源已成为世界各国能源探究工作中的一个重要课题。是我国在当前经济状况下采取的较为简单、经济、环保、可靠的节能办法。近些年，随着我国经济的飞速发展及科技水平的快速提升，太阳能技术已逐渐普及，其中太阳能电池行业日趋突出。
太阳能电池是通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置。太阳能背板位于太阳能电池板的背面，对电池片起保护支撑的作用，需要具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、耐老化性。
太阳能电池工作时会受到日光中部分的紫外光和大量的红外辐射，红外辐射会转化为热能被太阳能组件吸收，从而导致组件温度上升。温度越高电流会增加(较小)，但电压会降低(较多)，所以综合考虑电池的整体性能是下降的，不同类型电池的温度系数是不一样的，通常：单晶硅电池的温度系数：-0.45％/度。为了避免阳光照射影响电池组件温度，进而影响太阳能电池的发电效率，因而要求太阳能电池背板具备良好的导热性能，而且本身具有绝缘的特点。现有的太阳能电池背板不能同时具有良好的导热性及绝缘性。
发明内容
为了解决现有的太阳能电池背板不同时具有良好的导热性及绝缘性的问题，本发明提供一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板。本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板具有高导热性，同时具有良好的绝缘性，且制备方法工艺简单。本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板能够有效提高太阳能电池的光电转换效率。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用下述技术方案。
本发明提供一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板，所述背板包括ABA三层结构，所述A层包括黏结树脂和导热填料。
上述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板也称为导热绝缘太阳能电池背板。
所述黏结树脂具有绝缘效果，为电池背板提供绝缘性能。所述导热填料具有导热效果，为电池背板提供导热性能。
进一步的，所述ABA三层结构为共挤结构。
进一步的，所述A层包括8-20％导热填料，所述含量为重量百分含量。
进一步的，所述的黏结树脂选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。
进一步的，在所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板中，所述导热填料选自纳米氮化硼(BN)、纳米氧化铝(A12O3)、纳米碳化硅(SiC)、纳米氮化铝(AlN)中的一种或者至少两种的组合。
进一步的，所述导热填料包括纳米氮化硼(BN)和纳米氧化铝(A12O3)。
进一步的，所述A层包括0-20％纳米氮化硼(BN)和0-20％纳米氧化铝(A12O3)。
进一步的，所述A层包括6-8％纳米氮化硼(BN)和8-12％纳米氧化铝(A12O3)。
进一步的，所述A层包括67-89.5％黏结树脂，8-20％导热填料，和3-13％助剂。所述含量为重量百分含量。
进一步的，所述A层包括77.5-78％黏结树脂，14-20％导热填料，和3-8％助剂。
进一步的，在所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板中，所述A层还包括光屏蔽剂，所述光屏蔽剂选自氧化钛、氧化锌、锌钡、或二氧化钛中的一种，含量为0.5-2％，所述含量为重量百分含量。
进一步的，所述A层中的光屏蔽剂的含量是0.5-1.2％。
进一步的，在所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板中，所述A层还包括紫外吸收剂，所述紫外吸收剂选自UV-326、UV-327、UV-329、或UV-531中的一种，含量为0.5-2％，所述含量为重量百分含量。
进一步的，所述A层中紫外吸收剂的含量为0.5-1.4％。
进一步的，在所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板中，所述A层还包括抗氧剂，所述抗氧剂选自Irganox B900、抗氧剂1076、抗氧剂168、或抗氧剂1010中的一种，含量为0.5-3％，所述含量为重量百分含量。
进一步的，所述A层中抗氧剂的含量为0.5-2％。
进一步的，在所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板中，所述A层还包括分散剂，所述分散剂选自聚乙烯蜡、硬酯酸镁、或硬酯酸钙中的一种，含量为1-6％，所述含量为重量百分含量。
进一步的，所述A层中分散剂的含量为1-3.4％。
进一步的，A层的原料配方为68-89.5％聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，0-20％纳米氮化硼(BN)与0-20％纳米氧化铝(A12O3)共混物，0.5-2.0％氧化锌，0.5-2.0％UV-531，0.5-3％抗氧剂1076，1-6％聚乙烯蜡，所述含量为重量百分含量；
进一步的，A层的原料配方优选为77.5-78％聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，6-8％纳米氮化硼(BN)与8-12％纳米氧化铝(A12O3)共混物，0.5-1.2％氧化锌，0.5-1.4％UV-531，0.5-2％抗氧剂1076，1-3.4％聚乙烯蜡，所述含量为重量百分含量。前述技术方案包括实施例11-14。
进一步的，在所述的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板中，所述B层选自发泡芯层。
所述B层内有孔隙。所述B层具有反射作用。
所述B层包括黏结树脂和无机粒子。所述黏结树脂选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)。所述无机粒子为碳酸钙粒子。
进一步的，所述B层包括下述材料：90％聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),10％碳酸钙。
所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的总厚度为250μm。
所述一个A层的厚度为12.5-15μm。
进一步的，所述A层包括14-20％导热填料，所述含量为重量百分含量。
本发明提供一种制备所述绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的方法，所述方法包括下述步骤：
将A层原料与B层原料分别加入辅挤出机与主挤出机，经过流延铸片、纵向拉伸、横向拉伸、牵引收卷、分切，从而制得本发明产品。
进一步的，上述冷却铸片温度为15-25℃。
进一步的，拉伸过程中，纵向拉伸温度为80-110℃，拉伸比为2.5-3.5；横向拉升温度为85-125℃，拉伸比为2.8-3.5。
进一步的，进行热定型处理，热定型温度为220-280℃。
进一步的，进行冷却收卷，冷却温度为20-30℃。
进一步的，上述收卷之后的卷材，进入分切程序，按照客户需求分切成一定的规格尺寸，最终制得所需成品。
与现有太阳能电池背板相比，本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的电绝缘性好，同时导热率高，并且长期耐老化性能好，工艺制备简单。
附图说明
图1为本发明提供的一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板包括ABA三层结构，1为A层，2为B层。
本发明提供的一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的制备方法的具体步骤为：将A层原料与B层原料分别加入辅挤出机与主挤出机，经过流延铸片、纵向拉伸、横向拉伸、牵引收卷、分切，从而制得本发明产品。
进一步的，上述冷却铸片温度为18-25℃。
进一步的，进行冷却收卷，冷却温度为20-30℃。
本发明制得的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板，其性能测试方法如下：
导热率：按照ASTM E461标准，采用激光导热仪LFA447测试其导热率。
击穿电压测试：按照GB/T 13542.4-2009标准，采用击穿电压测试仪测试其击穿电压。
实施例1
本发明提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板，所述背板包括ABA三层结构，所述A层包括黏结树脂、导热填料和助剂。所述助剂包括光屏蔽剂、紫外吸收剂、抗氧剂和分散剂。所述ABA三层结构为共挤结构。
所述A层的配方如表1所示。
所述B层包括下述材料：90％聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，10％碳酸钙。
得到的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的总厚度为250μm，所述一个A层的厚度为15μm，B层的厚度为220μm。
实施例2-14提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板，如实施例1提供的背板，不同之处在于A层的配方。
实施例1-14提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的A层的配方参见表1。
实施例1-14提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的主要性能检测结果参见表1。
表1实施例1-14提供的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的A层的配方及背板主
要性能的检测结果
通过表1的结果可以看出，本发明提供的太阳能电池背板具有良好的导热性能与绝缘性能，导热率最高达到11.5W/m.K，击穿电压值达到20kV以上。特别的，实施例11-14提供的太阳能电池背板具有更好的导热性能与绝缘性能，导热率高于8W/m.K，击穿电压值达到22kV及以上。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡是根据本发明内容所做的均等变化与修饰，均涵盖在本发明的专利范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种绝缘导热太阳能电池背板，其特征在于，所述背板包括ABA三层结构，所述A层包括黏结树脂和导热填料；A层的原料配方为77.5-78％聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，6-8％纳米氮化硼与8-12％纳米氧化铝共混物，0.5-1.2％氧化锌，0.5-1.4％UV-531，0.5-2％抗氧剂1076，1-3.4％聚乙烯蜡，所述含量为重量百分含量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板，其特征在于，所述B层为发泡芯层。
3.一种制备权利要求1或2所述的绝缘导热太阳能电池背板的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括下述步骤：
将A层原料与B层原料分别加入辅挤出机与主挤出机，经过流延铸片、纵向拉伸、横向拉伸、牵引收卷、分切，从而制得产品。
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