CN109956980B - 亚乙基苊不对称α-二亚胺镍催化剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
亚乙基苊不对称α-二亚胺镍催化剂及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 20
- XAECMISKSZECJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylidene-1H-acenaphthylene Chemical compound C(C)=C1CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23 XAECMISKSZECJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- -1 nickel olefin Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-[[1-[2-[2-[2-[4-(oxoazaniumylmethylidene)pyridin-1-yl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]pyridin-4-ylidene]methyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C1=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=CN1CCOCCOCCN1C=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=C1 UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052794 bromium Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenhydramine Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCN(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZVUWRFHKOJYTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 4
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- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- LPJCFULIEDYQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N acenaphthylene-1,2-dione ethene Chemical compound C=C.C1(C(C2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23)=O)=O LPJCFULIEDYQCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 abstract description 5
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 abstract description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 48
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 12
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- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002490 anilino group Chemical group [H]N(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl(oxo)alumane Chemical group C[Al]=O CPOFMOWDMVWCLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
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- VHSVJTYBTJCDFL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 1,2-dimethoxyethane;nickel(2+);dibromide Chemical compound Br[Ni]Br.COCCOC VHSVJTYBTJCDFL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- OIXUMNZGNCAOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diethyl-4-methylaniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C)=CC(CC)=C1N OIXUMNZGNCAOKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFFBMTHBGFGIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1N UFFBMTHBGFGIHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMUZAWTUJOJXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23.C=C Chemical group C1=CC2=CC=CC3=CC=CC1=C23.C=C SMUZAWTUJOJXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000828 alnico Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical group CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- WCFQIFDACWBNJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N $l^{1}-alumanyloxy(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al]O[Al] WCFQIFDACWBNJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYGYRPBKAOHABC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dibenzhydryl-6-methylaniline Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C(=CC(=C1)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1)C(C1=CC=CC=C1)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYGYRPBKAOHABC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBALTUBRZPIPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di(propan-2-yl)aniline Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1N WKBALTUBRZPIPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCXCFZUKRMOFHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dibenzhydryl-4-methylaniline Chemical compound NC=1C(C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(C)=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NCXCFZUKRMOFHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOYHNROGBXVLLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diethylaniline Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC(CC)=C1N FOYHNROGBXVLLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVSMQHYREUQGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyloxaluminane Chemical compound CC[Al]1CCCCO1 YVSMQHYREUQGRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDEYYUPXUPBPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethylidene-3aH-acenaphthylene-1,2-dione Chemical compound C(C)=C1C2C(C(C=3C=CC=C(C=C1)C=32)=O)=O JDEYYUPXUPBPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminum chloride Substances Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012718 coordination polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical group N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCMNCWNTDDVHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichloronickel;1,2-dimethoxyethane Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl.COCCOC OCMNCWNTDDVHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylaluminum Chemical compound CC[Al]CC CQYBWJYIKCZXCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCC[Al](CCCCCC)CCCCCC ORYGRKHDLWYTKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical group C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C249/00—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C249/02—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of compounds containing imino groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/02—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups
- C07C251/20—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups being part of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/04—Nickel compounds
- C07F15/045—Nickel compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/02—Ethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F110/00—Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F110/04—Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms
- C08F110/06—Propene
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于亚乙基苊醌为骨架的大位阻不对称(α‑二亚胺)镍烯烃催化剂及其制备方法和应用。本发明的基于亚乙基苊醌为骨架的大位阻不对称(α‑二亚胺)镍烯烃催化剂的结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示。其中R1为二苯甲基或双(4‑氟苯基)甲基,R2为二苯甲基、双(4‑氟苯基)甲基或甲基,R3为甲基、乙基、异丙基、二苯甲基、双(4‑氟苯基)甲基、卤素、三氟甲基或甲氧基,R4为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R5为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R6为氢、甲基、乙基或异丙基,X为氯或溴。该催化剂制备工艺简单,能在助催化剂的作用下催化乙烯聚合,表现出较好的热稳定性和聚合活性,具有良好的工业应用前景。
Description
技术领域:本发明涉及不对称(α-二亚胺)镍烯烃催化剂及其制备方法和应用,尤其涉及到一种亚乙基苊不对称α-二亚胺镍催化剂及其制备方法和应用,及使用该催化剂催化乙烯或丙烯聚合得到聚乙烯或聚丙烯的应用。
技术背景:
聚烯烃是关系国计民生的基础材料,并且由于其优异的性能、品种的多样,原料易得和价格低廉,使其广泛应用于工业、农业以及国防等各领域。新催化剂的开发和应用是推动聚烯烃产业进步和发展的核心动力之一,是控制聚烯烃材料的结构与性能的关键。
近几十年来,通过配位聚合获得功能化与差别化聚烯烃材料的研究得到了广泛的关注。1995年由杜邦公司资助的Brookhart研究小组发现含α-二亚胺配体的Ni(Ⅱ)和Pd(Ⅱ)金属络合物可在常压下催化乙烯聚合成高分子量聚合物,由此开发出新一代的后过渡金属催化剂(J.Am.Chem.Soc.,1995,117(23):6414-6415)。这类α-二亚胺镍烯烃催化剂的具体结构如式(Ⅳ)所示:
到目前为止,大量的研究工作在保持二(芳基)α-二亚胺配体布局不变的情况下,对芳基的邻位基团(式中的R')和二亚胺骨架上的基团(式的R基团)进行了修饰。当R'从异丙基换成甲基时,所得聚合物的支化度和分子量都降低,并且拓扑结构更加线性。然而,这类催化剂的热稳定性差,即使当R'为大位阻的异丙基时,使用这类催化剂制备的聚乙烯分子量和催化剂活性都随温度的上升急剧下降。当聚合温度上升到高于60℃时,催化剂受热迅速分解而失活。Rieger(J.AM.CHEM.SOC.,2007,129,9182-9191)、Long(J.AM.CHEM.SOC.,2013,135,16316-16319;ACS Catalysis,2014,4,2501-2504)等人将R'由烷基变成芳基或取代的芳基,所制备的催化剂热稳定性大幅度提高,当聚合温度高于60℃时,催化剂仍保持了良好的催化活性。不过,这种两侧苯胺取代基均为大体积取代基团的对称结构的催化剂,在制备催化剂的配体的时候,由于空间位阻大,配体的产率非常低,导致催化剂的合成成本居高不下;同时,大体积取代基团的R'阻碍了乙烯的快速插入,导致催化乙烯聚合时,催化剂的聚合活性不高,限制了它的工业化应用。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种基于亚乙基苊醌为骨架的大位阻不对称(α-二亚胺)镍烯烃催化剂及其制备方法和应用。
本发明提供的不对称(α-二亚胺)镍烯烃催化剂,其化学结构通式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
式(Ⅰ)中,R1为二苯甲基或双(4-氟苯基)甲基,R2为二苯甲基、双(4-氟苯基)甲基或甲基,R3为甲基、乙基、异丙基、二苯甲基、双(4-氟苯基)甲基、卤素、三氟甲基或甲氧基,R4为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R5为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R6为氢、甲基、乙基或异丙基,X为氯或溴。式(Ⅰ)中所有苯胺取代基的选择是相互独立的。
优选的,式(Ⅰ)所述R1为二苯甲基或双(4-氟苯基)甲基,R2为二苯甲基或双(4-氟苯基)甲基,R3为甲基、乙基、异丙基、二苯甲基、双(4-氟苯基)甲基、卤素或甲氧基,R4为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R5为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R6为氢或甲基,X为溴。
本发明提供的催化剂配体结构通式如式(Ⅱ)所示:
式(Ⅱ)中,R1为二苯甲基或双(4-氟苯基)甲基,R2为二苯甲基、双(4-氟苯基)甲基或甲基,R3为甲基、乙基、异丙基、二苯甲基、双(4-氟苯基)甲基、卤素、三氟甲基或甲氧基,R4为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R5为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R6为氢、甲基、乙基或异丙基。式(Ⅱ)中所有苯胺取代基的选择是相互独立的。
优选的,式(Ⅱ)所述R1为二苯甲基或双(4-氟苯基)甲基,R2为二苯甲基或双(4-氟苯基)甲基,R3为甲基、乙基、异丙基、二苯甲基、双(4-氟苯基)甲基、卤素或甲氧基,R4为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R5为甲基、乙基或异丙基,R6为氢或甲基。
更优选的,上述(Ⅱ)所示配体选自如表1所示化合物中的任意一种:
表1配体
本发明还提供一种制备上述配体化合物的方法,其包含以下步骤:
1)、亚乙基苊醌与带有大位阻取代基的苯胺通过酮胺缩合反应得到式(Ⅲ)所示化合物:
该步反应采用的苯胺取代基可参照表1;该步反应采用的溶剂可选自甲苯、乙腈、乙酸和无水乙醇中的至少一种,优选甲苯和乙腈;该步反应采用的催化剂选自对甲苯磺酸和乙酸中的至少一种;所述催化剂、亚乙基苊醌、带大位阻取代基的苯胺与溶剂的用量比为0.1-0.15mmol:1-1.1mmol:1.1-1.4mmol:5-10ml,优选为0.1mmol:1mmol:1.1mmol:8ml,该步反应时间为2-8小时,优选3-6小时。产物用二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合溶剂或者石油醚与乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂为淋洗剂在硅胶柱中进行柱层析,得到如式(Ⅲ)所示产物。
2)、式(Ⅲ)所示化合物与带有小位阻取代基的苯胺通过酮胺缩合反应得到式(Ⅱ)对应的化合物:
该步反应采用的苯胺取代基可参照表1;该步反应采用的溶剂选自甲苯、乙腈、乙酸和无水乙醇中的至少一种,优选甲苯和乙腈;该步反应采用的催化剂选自对甲苯磺酸和乙酸中的至少一种;所述催化剂、式(Ⅲ)所示化合物、带小位阻取代基的苯胺与溶剂的用量比为0.2-0.5mmol:1-1.1mmol:1.1-1.4mmol:30-70ml,优选为0.3mmol:1mmol:1.1mmol:50ml,该步反应时间为6-16小时,优选8-12小时。产物二氯甲烷和石油醚的混合溶剂或者石油醚与乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂为淋洗剂在硅胶柱进行柱层析,得到式(Ⅱ)所示产物。
本发明还提供一种式(Ⅰ)所示催化剂的制备方法,包含以下步骤:在惰性气体氛围下,将式(Ⅱ)所示化合物与乙二醇二甲醚二溴化镍、乙二醇二甲醚二氯化镍或六水合二氯化镍中的一种进行络合,即可得到本发明所述的催化剂。本发明催化剂结构式中的X为氯或溴,对于聚合效果无实质性影响,本发明实施例中选择X为溴。
优选的,在氮气氛围下,式(Ⅱ)所示化合物可选自表1所示配体,与配体络合的含镍化合物选择乙二醇二甲醚二溴化镍(DME)NiBr2,所述配体与(DME)NiBr2的摩尔比为1:1-1.2,优选1:1.1;所述溶剂为二氯甲烷,反应温度为15-35℃,优选25℃,反应时间8-30小时,优选16-24小时。当X为溴时,参照表1的配体方案,本发明的催化剂可选自表2中的任意一种:
表2催化剂
本发明还提供一种用于催化烯烃聚合的催化剂组合物,所述组合物由式(Ⅰ)所示催化剂与助催化剂组成,所述助催化剂选自氯化烷基铝、烷基铝和铝氧烷中的至少一种,所述烯烃为乙烯或丙烯。
上述催化剂组合物中,所述铝氧烷为甲基铝氧烷(MAO)、改性甲基铝氧烷(MMAO)、乙基铝氧烷或异丁基铝氧烷;所述烷基铝为三甲基铝、三乙基铝、三异丁基铝、三正己基铝或三正辛基铝;所述氯化烷基铝为氯化二乙基铝、倍半一氯二乙基铝或二氯化乙基铝;从助催化剂的使用效果和成本考虑,优选氯化烷基铝作为助催化剂,氯化烷基铝中的金属铝与催化剂中的金属镍的摩尔比简称铝镍比,铝镍比范围为50-1000:1,优选100-800:1,更优选200-600:1,更优选400:1。
本发明还公开了如式(Ⅰ)所示催化剂在催化乙烯、丙烯聚合,制备聚乙烯、聚丙烯中的应用。
本发明的有益效果在于提供了一种具有良好的热稳定性和聚合活性的(α-二亚胺)镍烯烃聚合催化剂。
具体实施方式:
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
本发明实施例中具体涉及的如结构式(Ⅰ)、(Ⅱ)、(Ⅲ)所示的化合物如表3所示:
表3
实施例1、制备A1:在2,6-二(二苯甲基)-4-甲基苯胺(8.8g,20mmol)和亚乙基苊醌(3.7g,18mmol)的甲苯(150mL)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.34g,2mmol),回流反应6h。去除溶剂,剩余物用二氯甲烷和石油醚的体积比为2:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到A1的质量为4.3g,产率:38%。
实施例2、制备A2:在2,4-二(二苯甲基)-6-甲基苯胺(8.8g,20mmol)和亚乙基苊醌(3.7g,18mmol)的甲苯(150mL)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.34g,2mmol),回流反应6h。去除溶剂,剩余物用二氯甲烷和石油醚的体积比为2:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到A2的质量为4.7g,产率:42%。
实施例3、制备A3:在2,6-双(双(4-氟苯基)甲基)-4-甲基苯胺(10.2g,20mmol)和亚乙基苊醌(3.7g,18mmol)的甲苯(150mL)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.34g,2mmol),回流反应10h。去除溶剂,剩余物用二氯甲烷和石油醚的体积比为2:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到A3的质量为5.2g,产率:41%。
实施例4、制备L1:在2,6-二甲基苯胺(0.133g,1.1mmol)与A1(0.629g,1mmol)的甲苯(50ml)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.086g,0.5mmol),回流反应12h。去除溶剂,剩余物用石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到L1的质量为0.33g,产率:45%。
实施例5、制备L2:在2,6-二乙基苯胺(0.164g,1.1mmol)与A1(0.629g,1mmol)的甲苯(50ml)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.086g,0.5mmol),回流反应12h。去除溶剂,剩余物用石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到L2的质量为0.36g,产率:48%。
实施例6、制备L3:在2,6-二异丙基苯胺(0.195g,1.1mmol)与A1(0.629g,1mmol)的甲苯(50ml)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.086g,0.5mmol),回流反应12h。去除溶剂,剩余物用石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到L3的质量为0.35g,产率:44%。
实施例7、制备L12:在2,6-二乙基-4-甲基苯胺(0.179g,1.1mmol)与A2(0.629g,1mmol)的甲苯(50ml)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.086g,0.5mmol),回流反应12h。去除溶剂,剩余物用石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到L12的质量为0.35g,产率:45%。
实施例8、制备L20:在2,6-二乙基-4-甲基苯胺(0.179g,1.1mmol)与A3(0.701g,1mmol)的甲苯(50ml)溶液中加入对甲苯磺酸(0.086g,0.5mmol),回流反应12h。去除溶剂,剩余物用石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为30:1的混合溶剂进行硅胶柱层析,得到L20的质量为0.43g,产率:51%。
实施例9、制备C1:在氮气氛围下,将L1(0.146g,0.2mmol)与(DME)NiBr2(0.062g,0.2mmol)溶于20ml二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌24小时,将二氯甲烷抽干,用乙醚洗涤3次,每次乙醚用量为20ml,再将乙醚抽干得到固体C1,0.169g,产率89%。
实施例10、制备C2:在氮气氛围下,将L2(0.152g,0.2mmol)与(DME)NiBr2(0.062g,0.2mmol)溶于20ml二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌24小时,将二氯甲烷抽干,用乙醚洗涤3次,每次乙醚用量为20ml,再将乙醚抽干得到固体C2,0.170g,产率87%。
实施例11、制备C3:在氮气氛围下,将L3(0.158g,0.2mmol)与(DME)NiBr2(0.062g,0.2mmol)溶于20ml二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌24小时,将二氯甲烷抽干,用乙醚洗涤3次,每次乙醚用量为20ml,再将乙醚抽干得到固体C3,0.177g,产率88%。
实施例12、制备C12:在氮气氛围下,将L12(0.155g,0.2mmol)与(DME)NiBr2(0.062g,0.2mmol)溶于20ml二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌24小时,将二氯甲烷抽干,用乙醚洗涤3次,每次乙醚用量为20ml,再将乙醚抽干得到固体C12,0.180g,产率91%。
实施例13、制备C20:在氮气氛围下,将L20(0.169g,0.2mmol)与(DME)NiBr2(0.062g,0.2mmol)溶于20ml二氯甲烷中,在室温下搅拌24小时,将二氯甲烷抽干,用乙醚洗涤3次,每次乙醚用量为20ml,再将乙醚抽干得到固体C20,0.191g,产率90%。
以下实施例为催化乙烯聚合:
实施例14、乙烯加压聚合是在无水无氧条件下进行的。乙烯压力为1MPa,聚合温度为60℃,将1L庚烷导入2000mL的不锈钢反应釜中,随后向其中注入2.5ml浓度为2.0mol/L的助催化剂氯化二乙基铝甲苯溶液。用10mL甲苯溶液溶解10μmol主催化剂C1,将其注入,将乙烯加压至1MPa,搅拌,反应半小时后,将聚合物溶液倒入酸化的乙醇溶液中进行沉降,过滤聚合物,然后用酸化乙醇洗涤数次,在60℃下真空干燥至恒重后称量得25.1g聚合物。催化活性为5.02×106gPE[mol(Ni)h]-1,聚合产物重均分子量为32.3×104kg/mol,多分散系数为2.31。
实施例15、将实施例14中的C1替换为C2,其他条件不变,将聚合产物在60℃下真空干燥至恒重后称量得26.3g聚合物。催化活性为5.26×106gPE[mol(Ni)h]-1,聚合产物重均分子量为36.9×104kg/mol,多分散系数为2.37。
实施例16、将实施例14中的C1替换为C3,聚合温度设为20℃,其他条件不变,将聚合产物在60℃下真空干燥至恒重后称量得55.3g聚合物。催化活性为11.06×106gPE[mol(Ni)h]-1,聚合产物重均分子量为88.2×104kg/mol,多分散系数为2.35。
实施例17、将实施例14中的C1替换为C12,助催化剂改为10ml浓度为3.0mol/L的MAO甲苯溶液,其他条件不变,将聚合产物在60℃下真空干燥至恒重后称量得27.3g聚合物。催化活性为5.46×106gPE[mol(Ni)h]-1,聚合产物重均分子量为15.5×104kg/mol,多分散系数为2.54。
实施例18、将实施例14中的C1替换为C20,其他条件不变,将聚合产物在60℃下真空干燥至恒重后称量得23.3g聚合物。催化活性为4.66×106gPE[mol(Ni)h]-1,聚合产物重均分子量为14.6kg/mol,多分散系数为2.51。
实施例19、将实施例18中的聚合温度调整为70℃,其他条件不变,将聚合产物在60℃下真空干燥至恒重后称量得15.2g聚合物。催化活性为
3.04×106gPE[mol(Ni)h]-1,聚合产物重均分子量为12.9kg/mol,多分散系数为2.47。
Claims (5)
2.根据权利要求1所述的催化剂,其特征在于:所述R1为二苯甲基,R2为二苯甲基,R3为甲基,R4与R5相同,选自甲基或乙基,R6为氢,X为溴。
4.一种用于催化烯烃聚合的催化剂组合物,其特征在于,包含权利要求1或2所述的主催化剂与助催化剂,其中,所述助催化剂选自氯化烷基铝、烷基铝和铝氧烷中的至少一种,所述烯烃为乙烯或丙烯。
5.权利要求1所述的(α-二亚胺)镍催化剂在催化乙烯聚合,制备聚乙烯中的应用。
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