CN109931335B - 用于轮毂单元的密封装置和配备有该密封装置的轮毂单元 - Google Patents

用于轮毂单元的密封装置和配备有该密封装置的轮毂单元 Download PDF

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CN109931335B
CN109931335B CN201811176472.7A CN201811176472A CN109931335B CN 109931335 B CN109931335 B CN 109931335B CN 201811176472 A CN201811176472 A CN 201811176472A CN 109931335 B CN109931335 B CN 109931335B
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wall
annular
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bearing
sealing device
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CN109931335A (zh
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多梅尼科·博斯克
达尼埃莱·杜赫
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00Hubs
    • B60B27/0073Hubs characterised by sealing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7816Details of the sealing or parts thereof, e.g. geometry, material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7869Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward
    • F16C33/7879Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted with a cylindrical portion to the inner surface of the outer race and having a radial portion extending inward with a further sealing ring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C41/00Other accessories, e.g. devices integrated in the bearing not relating to the bearing function as such
    • F16C41/007Encoders, e.g. parts with a plurality of alternating magnetic poles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B2900/00Purpose of invention
    • B60B2900/50Improvement of
    • B60B2900/511Sealing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/18Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls
    • F16C19/181Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact
    • F16C19/183Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles
    • F16C19/184Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement
    • F16C19/186Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of balls with angular contact with two rows at opposite angles in O-arrangement with three raceways provided integrally on parts other than race rings, e.g. third generation hubs
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/30Angles, e.g. inclinations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/60Thickness, e.g. thickness of coatings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01Parts of vehicles in general
    • F16C2326/02Wheel hubs or castors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/443Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed mounted in bearings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于轮毂单元(2)的密封装置(1),轮毂单元设置有滚动轴承(3),密封装置具有中心轴线(A)并且设置有遮蔽件(6),遮蔽件与轴承的外圈(4)结合在一起,以使得密封地隔离轴承,并且进而具有:圆柱形安装壁(61),其与中心轴线同轴并与轴承的外圈的轴环(41)接合;和环形读取壁(63),其相对于轴线(A)横向布置、连接到圆柱形壁(61)并且面对安装在轴承内的音轮(51);环形读取壁(63)的厚度(S)能够根据在音轮的环形前表面(53a)距垂直于轴线(A)的平面P等距的未变形位置与音轮的环形前表面(53a)可以被布置成距环形读取壁等距但不与环形读取壁接触的可能偏转位置之间的音轮的振荡角度(α)而径向变化。

Description

用于轮毂单元的密封装置和配备有该密封装置的轮毂单元
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于轮毂单元的密封装置。本发明还涉及一种配备有该密封装置的轮毂单元。
本发明特别(尽管不唯一)适用于设置有(车)轮滚动轴承的机动车辆的轮毂单元的领域。在这些应用中,轴承的内圈键接到(车)轮的轴线(/轴)(axis)上并且传递其随后的旋转运动,而轴承的外圈键接到固定的(轮)毂上,例如机动车辆悬架的(轮)毂。接下来的说明将通过示例的方式涉及该特定应用,由此不会由此失去其一般特征。
背景技术
已知型式的密封装置具有轴对称的“杯形”形式,其在意在用于非驱动轮的应用中居中闭合(/在中心封闭),因此不具有沿着轴承的轴线穿过的轴,并且侧向地封闭轴承的外圈,形成静态密封以用于保护轴承免受任何环境污染(水、泥、污垢等)。
在其更一般的形式中,密封装置包括遮蔽件(/挡板)(screen),遮蔽件或多或少是杯形的,所述遮蔽件通过干涉压配(interference force fit)安装在滚动轴承的外圈的轴环上,并且特别包括:
-圆柱形安装壁,其与轴承的对称轴线同轴,并且通过所述压配与所述轴承的外圈的轴环接合;和
-环形读取壁,其与所述对称轴线和圆柱形安装壁相横向、刚性地连接到圆柱形安装壁并且布置在安装在轴承外部的检测传感器与安装在轴承的内圈上的音轮之间,其与音轮限定出具有给定轴向尺寸的读取间隙,所述读取间隙本质上取决于音轮和遮蔽件的位置、遮蔽件的厚度和检测传感器的位置。读取间隙通常被设计成具有极小的轴向尺寸,以使得避免降低来自音轮的信号正确地且以清楚和简洁的方式到达所述检测传感器的能力。
分析遮蔽件和音轮这两者的磨损情况已经确定的是,由于连接到机动车辆的轮毂单元的(车)轮的动态作用,轴承的内圈受到偏转,这在许多情况下引起音轮偏差(deviation),(音轮)恰由于读取间隙的小的轴向尺寸,意外地与遮蔽件的环形读取壁接触。
这种随时间的意外接触导致遮蔽件磨损,在某些情况下会对密封能力产生负面影响,以及导致音轮的磁化部分磨损,造成其发射信号减小。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于轮毂单元的密封装置,其能够以简单且低成本的方式解决上述问题,同时保持相同的密封和信号发射特性。
根据本发明,描述了一种用于设置有滚动轴承的轮毂单元的密封装置,具有在所附独立技术方案中描述的特征。
还提供了如技术方案4所限定的轮毂单元。
此外,本发明的优选和/或特别有利的实施方式被根据在所附从属技术方案中表示的特征来描述。
附图说明
现将参照附图描述本发明,图1示出了根据本发明的用于轮毂单元的密封装置的实施方式的非限制性示例。
具体实施方式
参照附图,1整体表示用于轮毂单元2的密封装置。
单元2设置有滚动轴承3,滚动轴承3包括:外圈4,其与所述轴承3的旋转轴线A(在附图中示意性地示出)同轴;内圈5,其与外圈4同轴;和多个滚动构件(/滚动体)8,例如为球,其布置在外圈4与内圈5之间,以使得允许在使用期间旋转的内圈5相对于在使用期间固定的外圈4旋转。轴承3的外圈4具有轴环(collar)41,轴环41由环形前表面43、圆柱形内侧表面44和圆柱形外侧表面45界定。而(instead)内圈5设置有音轮(phonic wheel)51,音轮51刚性地连接于内圈5,并具有:安装支撑件52,其优选由具有L形截面的折叠金属板限定;和铁磁材料的环53,其固定于支撑件52并在前部由环形前表面53a界定。
根据本发明,密封装置1具有作为中心轴线的轴线A,并且包括遮蔽件(/挡板)(screen)6,遮蔽件6与轴承3的外圈4结合在一起,(遮蔽件6)具有大致杯形形状(/形式)并且包括:
-圆柱(形)安装壁61,其与轴线A同轴,并通过干涉配合(而)抵靠(against)外圈4的轴环41的表面44接合;
-环形读取壁63,其相对于轴线A横向布置并连接到圆柱(形)壁61,并与圆柱形壁61形成径向外(侧)肘部(elbow)11;和
-截头锥(形)壁64,其具有在轴承3的相反侧渐缩的锥度,并且经由径向内(侧)肘部12连接到环形读取壁63。
环形读取壁63布置在安装在轴承3外部的检测传感器(未示出)与安装在轴承3内部的音轮51之间,并且具有:外环形表面63a,其垂直于轴线A;和内环形表面63b,其面对音轮5的环形前表面53a(即其铁磁材料的环53),并与该环形前表面53a一起形成读取间隙G,读取间隙G根据环形壁63的由外环形表面63a与内环形表面63b的轴向距离限定的厚度S而具有(沿)径向可变的尺寸。
在附图所示的实施方式的优选示例中,圆柱形安装壁61通过干涉配合(而)抵靠轴环41的表面44接合,但是,根据未示出但可以容易地由所描述的实施方式推导出的优选实施方式,圆柱形安装壁61还可以通过干涉配合抵靠套环41的表面45接合。
环形读取壁63的厚度S在径向远离轴线A的方向上从其大致在径向内(侧)肘部12处测量的最大值Smax减小到其大致在径向外(侧)肘部11处测量的最小值Smin,并与基本上穿过肘部12的垂直于轴线A的平面P一起形成了振荡角度(angle of oscillation)α。特别地,环形读取壁63具有:(厚度)值与大致在音轮51的内径Di处的最大值Smax对应的厚度S,以及,(厚度)值与大致在音轮51的外径De处的最小值Smin对应的厚度S。
环形读取壁63的厚度S的径向变化决定了读取间隙G的轴向尺寸的互补的径向变化,使得允许音轮51能够在内圈5的偏转(/挠曲)(deflections)之后振荡(oscillate),以使得覆盖这样的弧,该弧的延伸部(extension)等于在环形前表面53a距平面P等距的未变形位置(在附图中示出)与环形前表面53a距内环形表面63b或多或少等距的偏转位置之间(未在附图中示出)的振荡角度α,但是不与遮蔽件6(即与环形读取壁63)接触。
上述优选实施方式中的密封装置1不仅在轮毂单元2的使用期间具有无可置疑的优势、确保了音轮51的最佳且恒定的信号读取性能、保护防止音轮51和遮蔽件6这两者受到任何损坏,而且还使得在设计阶段(就)可以实现读取间隙G的大小的主要减小(/大幅减小)(major reduction),同时有助于增强检测传感器(未示出)的读取能力。
根据本发明,由于密封装置1,得到了如上所述的轮毂单元2,其中遮蔽件6包括:
-圆柱(形)安装壁61,其与轴线A同轴,并通过干涉配合抵靠外圈4的轴环41的表面44接合;
-环形读取壁63,其相对于轴线A横向布置,连接到圆柱形壁61,其与圆柱形壁61形成径向外(侧)肘部11并且布置在安装在轴承3外部的检测传感器(未示出)与安装在轴承3内部的音轮51之间;和
-截头锥(形)壁64,其具有在轴承3的相反侧渐缩的锥度,并且经由径向内(侧)肘部12连接到环形读取壁63。
在上述轮毂单元2中,优选与前述特征组合,环形读取壁63的厚度S能够从大致在径向外(侧)肘部12处测量的最大值Smax到大致在径向内(侧)肘部11处测量的最小值Smin(沿)径向变化,并与基本上穿过肘部12的垂直于轴线A的平面P一起形成了振荡角度α。特别地,环形读取壁63具有:值与大致在音轮51的内径Di处的最大值Smax对应的厚度S,以及,值与大致在音轮51的外径De处的最小值Smin对应的厚度S。
除了本发明的如上所述的实施方式之外,应该理解,许多另外的变型是可能的。还须理解,所述实施方式仅仅是示例,并不限制本发明的主题、应用、和可能的构造。相反,尽管上面提供的描述使得本领域技术人员能够至少以其构造的示例中的一个示例来实现本发明,但是须理解的是,所描述的组成部件的许多变型是可行的,由此不脱离如在所附技术方案中限定的、字面解释的和/或根据其法律等同物的本发明的范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于轮毂单元(2)的密封装置(1),所述轮毂单元(2)设置有滚动轴承(3),所述密封装置(1)具有中心轴线(A)并且包括遮蔽件(6),所述遮蔽件(6)与所述滚动轴承(3)的外圈(4)结合在一起,以使得密封地隔离所述滚动轴承(3),并且具有:
-圆柱形安装壁(61),其与所述中心轴线(A)同轴并与所述滚动轴承(3)的外圈(4)的轴环(41)接合;和
-环形读取壁(63),其相对于所述中心轴线(A)横向布置、连接到所述圆柱形安装壁(61)并且面对安装在所述滚动轴承(3)内的音轮(51);
所述密封装置(1)的特征在于,所述环形读取壁(63)的厚度(S)能够根据在所述音轮(51)的环形前表面(53a)距垂直于所述中心轴线(A)的平面P等距的未变形位置与所述音轮(51)的环形前表面(53a)能够被布置成距环形读取壁(63)等距但不与所述环形读取壁(63)接触的可能偏转位置之间的所述音轮(51)的振荡角度(α)而径向变化。
2.根据权利要求1所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述环形读取壁(63)的厚度(S)从分别在所述音轮(51)的内径(Di)处和所述音轮(51)的外径(De)处测量的最大值(Smax)变化到最小值(Smin)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的密封装置,其特征在于,所述环形读取壁(63)与所述圆柱形安装壁(61)形成径向外侧肘部(11)、以及与所述遮蔽件(6)的另一壁(64)形成径向内侧肘部(12);所述环形读取壁(63)的厚度从分别在所述径向外侧肘部(11)处和所述径向内侧肘部(12)处测量的最大值(Smax)变化到最小值(Smin)。
4.一种轮毂单元(2),设置有轴承(3)和密封装置(1),所述轴承(3)包括外圈(4)、内圈(5)和至少一个环的旋转构件(8),所述外圈(3)在使用期间静止,所述内圈(5)在使用期间旋转并设置有音轮(51),所述至少一个环的旋转构件(8)布置在所述外圈与所述内圈之间,所述密封装置(1)具有中心轴线(A)并且包括遮蔽件(6),所述遮蔽件(6)与所述轴承(3)的外圈(4)结合在一起,以使得密封地隔离所述轴承(3),并且具有:
-圆柱形安装壁(61),其与所述中心轴线(A)同轴并与所述轴承(3)的外圈(4)的轴环(41)接合;和
-环形读取壁(63),其相对于所述中心轴线(A)横向布置、连接到所述圆柱形安装壁(61)并且面对安装在所述轴承(3)内的音轮(51);
所述轮毂单元(2)的特征在于,所述密封装置(1)的环形读取壁(63)的厚度(S)能够根据在所述音轮(51)的环形前表面(53a)距垂直于所述中心轴线(A)的平面P等距的未变形位置与所述音轮(51)的环形前表面(53a)能够被布置成距环形读取壁(63)等距但不与所述环形读取壁(63)接触的可能偏转位置之间的所述音轮(51)的振荡角度(α)而径向变化。
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