CN109879693A - A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and method of administration - Google Patents
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and method of administration Download PDFInfo
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- CN109879693A CN109879693A CN201910139357.0A CN201910139357A CN109879693A CN 109879693 A CN109879693 A CN 109879693A CN 201910139357 A CN201910139357 A CN 201910139357A CN 109879693 A CN109879693 A CN 109879693A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and method of administration.The present invention includes following component in parts by weight: tabacco straw, waste tobacco, pig manure, wormcast, vegetable castoff, house refuse, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, micro-element liquid fertilizer, complex micro organism fungicide and sticker are prepared using kinds of processes.The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer granulating rate of tobacco prepared by the present invention is high, can significantly improve utilization rate of fertilizer, can improve soil acidification and hardened situation after applying vega soil, and increase readily available nutrient of soil content；The tobacco quality of tobacco of harvest significantly improves, better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio increases, per mu yield and per mu yield value are all significantly improved, and only need applied once that can meet whole demands to nutrient in tobacco growing period as base manure, reduce the amount of application and application times of traditional fertilizer, it is more simple laborsaving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and application side
Method.
Background technique
Tobacco is important one of the industrial crops in China, is occupied an important position in national economy.At present in tobacco planting
There is fertilizer variety in the process to be not suitable for and phenomena such as method of administration is unreasonable, does not only result in tobacco production and quality-improving is tired
Difficulty, and easily cause the problems such as utilization rate of fertilizer is low, the production cost increases and environmental pollution.Charcoal is biological energy raw material warp
Product after thermal cracking can improve soil physical property after being manured into soil, by influencing soil water fat gas thermal environment, also have
Certain effect increase soil fertility.But since charcoal itself mineral nutrient content is low, crop can be directly fed
Nutrient is very limited, and the charcoal bought is in powdery, and the market price at home is generally 1700-2500 yuan/ton, directly also
Tian Yi causes the problems such as reentrainment of dust pollution and excessively high economic cost.
Summary of the invention
Against the above technical problems, it the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and applies
With method, to solve during tobacco planting due to fertilizer unreasonable selection and utilization rate of fertilizer caused by applying is low, tobacco field is native
The problem of earth degeneration and tobacco production and quality reduce.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, which is characterized in that including following component in parts by weight: tabacco straw
30-50 parts, 20-40 parts of waste tobacco, 20-30 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of wormcast, 10-20 parts of vegetable castoff, house refuse 10-
20 parts, 10-20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5-10 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 20-30 parts of potash fertilizer, 3-5 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, complex micro organism fungicide 5-
10 parts and sticker 10-20 parts；Wherein the tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse first pass through high warm
Charcoal is obtained after cracking, then the charcoal, the pig manure and the wormcast are uniformly mixed, and powder is air-dried after overlay film compost
It is broken, compost mixture is obtained, the compost mixture and other components mixing granulation are finally obtained into the dedicated charcoal base of the tobacco
Compound fertilizer；The potash fertilizer is the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%；The complex micro organism fungicide
Including Acinetobacter junii, the red finger sporangiocyst bacterium of wine, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus.
Further, the nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:1-3.
Further, lanthanum chloride, the 5-15mg/L for being 5-15mg/L including mass concentration in the micro-element liquid fertilizer
Sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.1-0.3% boric acid, the manganese sulfate of 0.05-0.2% and the ammonium molybdate of 0.01-0.1%.
Further, in the complex micro organism fungicide each strain viable count >=1 × 108cfu/ml。
Further, the mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1 in the sticker:
0.3。
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 1-2h, obtains charcoal under the conditions of 350-450 DEG C；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 80-
100 meshes, obtain compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 10-15% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the weight
Part sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, after granulation
Drying 4-6h is placed at 40-45 DEG C to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply.
Further, the amount of application of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is 100-150kg/ mus.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the main material tabacco straw and waste tobacco that prepare charcoal are the waste during tobacco cultivation, straw
The stalk waste most large as China, environmental quality can be seriously affected by dealing with improperly, select a large amount of tabacco straws in the present invention
Charcoal is prepared with waste tobacco, the waste generated in tobacco leaf production is can solve, reduces environmental pollution, and it is easy to draw materials, energy
Reduce cost.Vegetable castoff and house refuse are the waste generated in agricultural production or life, for preparing charcoal
Cost can be further saved compared with direct purchase.
(2) charcoal and pig manure, wormcast hybrid composting prepared can be passivated the heavy metal member contained in animal wastes
Element, such as Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd, and the rotten degree of animal wastes compost is improved, the compost time is reduced, promotes to seek in animal wastes
Support the release of element.The conductivity of charcoal is higher, and compost can also improve the conductivity of compost mixture together with animal wastes,
It may advantageously facilitate the electron transport rate in the metabolic activity and microbial metabolism of microorganism, and carbon nitrogen can be properly increased
Than reducing the loss of soil nitrogen.The content of sodium ion in compost mixture can also be reduced, alleviates common fertilizer too high in salinity and gives
Tobacco growing bring adverse effect.
(3) charcoal itself mineral nutrient content is low, and the nutrient that can directly feed crop is very limited, and current tobacco
Common chemical fertilizer investment is often excessive in plantation, and average utilization is but less than 30%, and not only increased costs, the utilization rate of tobacco are low
Affect the quality and yield of itself.Charcoal base composite fertilizer is made in charcoal and chemical fertilizer mixing granulation, charcoal is as fertilizer
Expect carrier, chemical fertilizer is tightly combined together with charcoal, the insufficient defect of charcoal nutrient, and charcoal can not only be supplemented
Fertilizer nutrient can be adsorbed and be loaded in good pore structure and surface chemical reaction type functional group abundant, and fertilizer nutrient is delayed to exist
Release and reduction elution loss in soil, so that the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved while reducing traditional fertilizer usage amount, into
The growth of one step promotion tobacco.Potash fertilizer in chemical fertilizer has selected the inorganic potash fertilizer potassium sulfate for being easy to absorb and the content of organic matter rich
Potash humate compounding application rich, fertilizer efficiency is slower, potassium are macronutrients necessary to tobacco normal growth and development, while cigarette
Leaf potassium content height is the important indicator of quality of tobacco superiority and inferiority.The charcoal base composite fertilizer that two kinds of potash fertilizer cooperations are prepared with charcoal
Potassium needed for slowly enduringly capable of improving tobacco in the entire growth course of tobacco, and agree with Tobacco Potassium absorption curve, favorably
In raising potassium utilization rate and tobacco quality.
(4) complex micro organism fungicide is added in charcoal base composite fertilizer, the porous structure and preservation capacity of water and fertility of charcoal can
The survival rate and bioactivity for greatly improving microorganism, the activity and quantity raising of beneficial microbe in the soil, energy after application
Promote Root Growth in Tobacco, improve utilization rate of fertilizer, achievees the purpose that weight-reducing proposes effect.The red finger of the Acinetobacter junii of selection, wine
Sporangiocyst bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus combine application, can promote to discharge and be consolidated in soil and fertilizer
Fixed nutrient improves readily available nutrient of soil content and utilization rate of fertilizer, and tobacco root is promoted to develop, and improves tobacco to battalion
The absorbability of element is supported, and then improves the yield and quality of tobacco.Micro-element liquid fertilizer can provide needed for tobacco growing
Microelement, since dosage is seldom, in conjunction with charcoal after be not easy leaching loss, can guarantee demand of the tobacco to microelement.
It (5) is including the charcoal base composite fertilizer original of charcoal, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, micro-element liquid fertilizer and complex micro organism fungicide
Sticker is added on the basis of material can be significantly increased ratio of briquetting, and then promote fertilizer slow release performance and agricultural effect.Tabacco straw gives up
Tobacco leaf, vegetable castoff and house refuse can generate byproduct wood vinegar, sodium carboxymethylcellulose while preparing charcoal
It can be used separately as sticker, sodium carboxymethylcellulose can be improved by certain proportion mixing to the bonding of fertilizer with wood vinegar
Property and coating rate, and the sustained release performance of fertilizer is improved, a small amount of sodium alginate, which is added, can further enhance the cementability of fertilizer.It removes
Except this, the humic acid being rich in potash humate is able to ascend charcoal base compound and then forming compact film layer in fertilizer periphery
The slow release of fertilizer.The present invention selects the ingredient of several special ratios to use as sticker, has both been utilized in charcoal production
Byproduct develops business cycle, and can improve the physical behavior of fertilizer, is more convenient application.
(6) charcoal and fertilizer can be allowed by placing drying 4-6h after being granulated in charcoal base composite fertilizer preparation process at 40-45 DEG C
Sufficiently reaction increases fertilizer slow release performance.It applies, can be reduced full while fertilizer application number as the disposable ring of base manure when application
The nutrient demand in the sufficient tobacco time of infertility operates more simple and convenient.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Tabacco straw used in following embodiment, waste tobacco, pig manure, wormcast, vegetable castoff and house refuse
It is the waste generated in agricultural production and life, urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium humate, lanthanum chloride, selenous acid
The red finger sporangiocyst bacterium of sodium, boric acid, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate, Acinetobacter junii, wine, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans, side spore bud
Spore bacillus, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate be it is commercially available, wood vinegar is byproduct when preparing charcoal, test flue-cured tobacco
Kind is K326.
Embodiment 1
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, including following component in parts by weight: 30 parts of tabacco straw, waste tobacco 40
Part, 20 parts of pig manure, 25 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of vegetable castoff, 15 parts of house refuse, 20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 30 parts of potash fertilizer,
3 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, 5 parts of complex micro organism fungicide and 20 parts of sticker；The wherein tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetables
Waste and house refuse, which first pass through, obtains charcoal after high temperature pyrolysis, then by the charcoal, the pig manure and the earthworm
Earthworm excrement is uniformly mixed, and is air-dried and is crushed after overlay film compost, compost mixture is obtained, finally by the compost mixture and other components
Mixing granulation obtains the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%, and the potash fertilizer is
The mass ratio of the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%, potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:1.It is described micro-
In secondary element Liquid Fertilizer include mass concentration be 5mg/L lanthanum chloride, 15mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.1%
Boric acid, 0.05% manganese sulfate and 0.01% ammonium molybdate.The complex micro organism fungicide includes Acinetobacter junii, the red finger of wine
Sporangiocyst bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus, wherein the viable count of each strain is >=1 × 108cfu/
ml.The mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3 in the sticker.
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 2h under the conditions of 350 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 80
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 10% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, 40 DEG C after granulation
Lower placement drying 4h is to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply, amount of application is 100kg/ mus.
Embodiment 2
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, including following component in parts by weight: 40 parts of tabacco straw, waste tobacco 30
Part, 25 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of wormcast, 15 parts of vegetable castoff, 20 parts of house refuse, 10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 8 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 25 parts of potash fertilizer,
4 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, 8 parts of complex micro organism fungicide and 10 parts of sticker；The wherein tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetables
Waste and house refuse, which first pass through, obtains charcoal after high temperature pyrolysis, then by the charcoal, the pig manure and the earthworm
Earthworm excrement is uniformly mixed, and is air-dried and is crushed after overlay film compost, compost mixture is obtained, finally by the compost mixture and other components
Mixing granulation obtains the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%, and the potash fertilizer is
The mass ratio of the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%, potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:2.It is described micro-
In secondary element Liquid Fertilizer include mass concentration be 10mg/L lanthanum chloride, 10mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.2%
Boric acid, 0.1% manganese sulfate and 0.1% ammonium molybdate.The complex micro organism fungicide includes Acinetobacter junii, the red finger spore of wine
Capsule bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus, wherein the viable count of each strain is >=1 × 108cfu/ml。
The mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3 in the sticker.
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 1.5h under the conditions of 400 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 90
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 15% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, 45 DEG C after granulation
Lower placement drying 4h is to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply, amount of application is 150kg/ mus.
Embodiment 3
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, including following component in parts by weight: 50 parts of tabacco straw, waste tobacco 20
Part, 30 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of vegetable castoff, 10 parts of house refuse, 15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 20
Part, 5 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, 10 parts of complex micro organism fungicide and 15 parts of sticker；Wherein the tabacco straw, waste tobacco,
Vegetable castoff and house refuse, which first pass through, obtains charcoal after high temperature pyrolysis, then by the charcoal, the pig manure and institute
It states wormcast to be uniformly mixed, air-dries and crush after overlay film compost, compost mixture is obtained, finally by the compost mixture and other
Component mixing granulation obtains the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%, and the potash fertilizer is
The mass ratio of the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%, potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:3.It is described micro-
In secondary element Liquid Fertilizer include mass concentration be 15mg/L lanthanum chloride, 5mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.1%
Boric acid, 0.2% manganese sulfate and 0.05% ammonium molybdate.The complex micro organism fungicide includes Acinetobacter junii, the red finger of wine
Sporangiocyst bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus, wherein the viable count of each strain is >=1 × 108cfu/
ml.The mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3 in the sticker.
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 1h under the conditions of 450 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 100
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 10% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, 40 DEG C after granulation
Lower placement drying 5h is to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply, amount of application is 100kg/ mus.
Embodiment 4
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, including following component in parts by weight: 30 parts of tabacco straw, waste tobacco 30
Part, 25 parts of pig manure, 30 parts of wormcast, 10 parts of vegetable castoff, 15 parts of house refuse, 20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 8 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 25 parts of potash fertilizer,
3 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, 10 parts of complex micro organism fungicide and 15 parts of sticker；The wherein tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetables
Waste and house refuse, which first pass through, obtains charcoal after high temperature pyrolysis, then by the charcoal, the pig manure and the earthworm
Earthworm excrement is uniformly mixed, and is air-dried and is crushed after overlay film compost, compost mixture is obtained, finally by the compost mixture and other components
Mixing granulation obtains the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%, and the potash fertilizer is
The mass ratio of the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%, potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:1.It is described micro-
In secondary element Liquid Fertilizer include mass concentration be 10mg/L lanthanum chloride, 10mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.2%
Boric acid, 0.1% manganese sulfate and 0.05% ammonium molybdate.The complex micro organism fungicide includes Acinetobacter junii, the red finger of wine
Sporangiocyst bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus, wherein the viable count of each strain is >=1 × 108cfu/
ml.The mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3 in the sticker.
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 2h under the conditions of 350 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 80
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 15% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, 45 DEG C after granulation
Lower placement drying 5h is to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply, amount of application is 150kg/ mus.
Embodiment 5
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, including following component in parts by weight: 40 parts of tabacco straw, waste tobacco 40
Part, 20 parts of pig manure, 25 parts of wormcast, 15 parts of vegetable castoff, 20 parts of house refuse, 10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 10 parts of phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer 30
Part, 4 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, 8 parts of complex micro organism fungicide and 20 parts of sticker；The wherein tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable
Dish waste and house refuse, which first pass through, obtains charcoal after high temperature pyrolysis, then by the charcoal, the pig manure and described
Wormcast is uniformly mixed, and is air-dried and is crushed after overlay film compost, compost mixture is obtained, finally by the compost mixture and other groups
Mixing granulation is divided to obtain the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%, and the potash fertilizer is
The mass ratio of the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%, potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:2.It is described micro-
In secondary element Liquid Fertilizer include mass concentration be 15mg/L lanthanum chloride, 5mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.3%
Boric acid, 0.05% manganese sulfate and 0.1% ammonium molybdate.The complex micro organism fungicide includes Acinetobacter junii, the red finger of wine
Sporangiocyst bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus, wherein the viable count of each strain is >=1 × 108cfu/
ml.The mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3 in the sticker.
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 1.5h under the conditions of 400 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 90
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 10% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, 40 DEG C after granulation
Lower placement drying 6h is to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply, amount of application is 100kg/ mus.
Embodiment 6
A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, including following component in parts by weight: 50 parts of tabacco straw, waste tobacco 20
Part, 30 parts of pig manure, 20 parts of wormcast, 20 parts of vegetable castoff, 10 parts of house refuse, 15 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 20 parts of potash fertilizer,
5 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, 5 parts of complex micro organism fungicide and 10 parts of sticker；The wherein tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetables
Waste and house refuse, which first pass through, obtains charcoal after high temperature pyrolysis, then by the charcoal, the pig manure and the earthworm
Earthworm excrement is uniformly mixed, and is air-dried and is crushed after overlay film compost, compost mixture is obtained, finally by the compost mixture and other components
Mixing granulation obtains the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco.
The nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea of nitrogen content 46%, and the phosphate fertilizer is the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%, and the potash fertilizer is
The mass ratio of the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%, potassium sulfate and potassium humate is 1:3.It is described micro-
In secondary element Liquid Fertilizer include mass concentration be 5mg/L lanthanum chloride, 15mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.3%
Boric acid, 0.2% manganese sulfate and 0.01% ammonium molybdate.The complex micro organism fungicide includes Acinetobacter junii, the red finger of wine
Sporangiocyst bacterium, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus, wherein the viable count of each strain is >=1 × 108cfu/
ml.The mass ratio of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3 in the sticker.
A kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, comprising the following steps:
(1) biological charing is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight
Furnace, high temperature pyrolysis 1h under the conditions of 450 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 100
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) in the compost mixture be added nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, and surface spray micro-element liquid fertilizer and
Complex micro organism fungicide stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 15% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker be uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, be placed in granulating disc and be granulated, 45 DEG C after granulation
Lower placement drying 6h is to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
A kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, the method for administration are specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave
The dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco is uniformly mixed, away from 8-10cm around cigarette strain by diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm with cave soil
Locate disposable ring to apply, amount of application is 150kg/ mus.
Comparative example 1 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that only apply common fertilizer.
Comparative example 2 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that only application of organic fertilizers.
Comparative example 3 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that only apply charcoal.
Comparative example 4 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that pig manure and wormcast are without compost in preparation process.
Comparative example 5 is not the difference from embodiment 1 is that microbial bacterial agent and micro-element liquid fertilizer are added.
Comparative example 6 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that be used only sodium carboxymethylcellulose as sticker.
Comparative example 7 is the difference from embodiment 1 is that potassium sulfate is used only in potash fertilizer.
Fertilizer character pair ratio under 1 different disposal of table
From the data in table 1, it can be seen that only applying common fertilizer, comparative example 2 with comparative example 1, only application of organic fertilizers and comparative example 3 be only
Application charcoal is compared, and the utilization rate that nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer after the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco of the invention is applied in embodiment 1-6 is equal
Have and obviously increase, wherein utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer averagely improves 19.65% compared with comparative example 1, phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency is averagely improved
16.68%, potassium utilization rate averagely improves 34.92%, illustrates that the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco of the invention can delay fertilizer to support
Divide release in the soil and reduce elution loss, to improve the utilization of fertilizer while reducing traditional fertilizer usage amount
Rate.
By comparative example 4-6 data it is found that the benefit of pig manure and wormcast without compost nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in 4 preparation process of comparative example
It is decreased with rate, granulating rate is relatively low；Microbial bacterial agent and micro-element liquid fertilizer is not added in comparative example 5 to fertilizer utilization
Rate has certain influence, but does not influence granulating rate；Sodium carboxymethylcellulose is used only as sticker in comparative example 6, and granulating rate is lower,
And since the cementability of fertilizer is low and coating is imperfect, nutrient is easily leached loss after fertilizer application, leads to fertilizer utilization
Rate is relatively low.By 7 data of comparative example it is found that when potassium sulfate is used only in potash fertilizer, due to without containing the humic acid in potassium humate at
Point, the utilization rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer has certain decline, and granulating rate also reduces by 5% compared with embodiment 1.
Soil property compares under 2 different disposal of table
From the data in table 2, it can be seen that common fertilizer and comparative example 2 are only applied only compared with application of organic fertilizers with comparative example 1, embodiment
Soil pH significantly improves after applying the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco of the invention in 1-6, and bulk density reduces, and porosity increases, soil
Acidification and hardened situation make moderate progress, and readily available nutrient of soil content also obviously increases.Only apply 3 conditioned soil of comparative example of charcoal
The effect of earth character is better than comparative example 1/2, and close to embodiment 1, but readily available nutrient of soil content is lower.Comparative example 4-6 can be
Soil property is improved to a certain extent and improves readily available nutrient of soil content, but improved effect is not as good as embodiment 1, wherein not being added
5 soil hardening of comparative example of microbial bacterial agent and micro-element liquid fertilizer is more serious.By 7 data of comparative example it is found that potash fertilizer only makes
When with potassium sulfate, since without containing the humic sour component in potassium humate, soil pH is slightly reduced compared with Example 1, bulk density
It slightly improves, porosity, available nitrogen and available phosphorus contents slightly decline, since potassium sulfate is quick-acting potash fertilizer, quick-acting potassium content
Rise instead.
Tobacco quality compares under 3 different disposal of table
From the data in table 3, it can be seen that common fertilizer and comparative example 2 are only applied only compared with application of organic fertilizers with comparative example 1, embodiment
The total nitrogen and nicotine content that tobacco after the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco of the invention is applied in 1-6 are declined, water-soluble sugar, also
Raw sugar and potassium content obviously rise, and sugared alkali ratio reaches 10.0 or more, and quality of tobacco is significantly increased.Comparative example 3 only applies biology
Charcoal, since nutrient composition content is lower in charcoal, tobacco quality is poor.Tobacco quality is without significant difference in comparative example 4-6,
Slightly below embodiment 1.The comparative example 7 of potassium sulfate is used only in potash fertilizer, and total nitrogen and nicotine content are slightly higher compared with Example 1, water-soluble
Sugar and content of reducing sugar are lower, and potassium content reduces by 0.32%, and quality is declined.
Tobacco production and output value comparison under 4 different disposal of table
From the data in table 4, it can be seen that only applying common fertilizer, comparative example 2 with comparative example 1, only application of organic fertilizers and comparative example 3 be only
Application charcoal is compared, applied in embodiment 1-6 the better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio of tobacco after the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco of the invention,
Per mu yield and per mu yield value significantly improve.Compared with comparative example 1, better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio averagely improves 12.28%, and per mu yield is flat
15.25kg is improved, per mu yield value averagely improves 367.0 yuan.Only apply 3 tobacco quality of comparative example, yield and the output value of charcoal
It is lower, illustrate that charcoal is not suitable for being administered alone.Be not added in comparative example 4-6 microbial bacterial agent and micro-element liquid fertilizer
The better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio of 5 tobacco of comparative example is lower, illustrates that microbial bacterial agent and micro-element liquid fertilizer have to quality of tobacco is improved
Certain effect.Potassium sulfate is used only in 7 potash fertilizer of comparative example, and per mu yield, per mu yield value and better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio are equal compared with Example 1
There is part reduction, illustrates that potassium humate ingredient and potassium sulfate compounding application have the effect of improve tobacco production and quality
Fruit.
In conclusion the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco prepared using method of the invention, granulating rate is high, can significantly improve
Utilization rate of fertilizer；Soil pH can be improved after applying vega soil, improves soil acidification situation；The soil weight is reduced, soil is improved
Porosity improves soil hardening situation；Readily available nutrient of soil content is also significantly increased, and is more suitable for tobacco and is absorbed and utilized；Harvest
Total Nitrogen in Tobacco and nicotine content declined, water-soluble sugar, reduced sugar and potassium content obviously rise, and quality of tobacco significantly mentions
Height, better-than-average tobacco leaf ratio increase, and per mu yield and per mu yield value are all significantly improved, and illustrate the dedicated charcoal base compound of tobacco of the invention
Fertilizer can be obviously promoted tobacco growing, and tobacco production and quality can be improved while improveing soil, improve tobacco grower's income.And as base
Fertilizer only needs applied once that can meet whole demands to nutrient in tobacco growing period, reduces the application of traditional fertilizer
Amount and application times, it is more simple laborsaving.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco, which is characterized in that including following component in parts by weight: tabacco straw 30-
50 parts, 20-40 parts of waste tobacco, 20-30 parts of pig manure, 20-30 parts of wormcast, 10-20 parts of vegetable castoff, house refuse 10-20
Part, 10-20 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 5-10 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 20-30 parts of potash fertilizer, 3-5 parts of micro-element liquid fertilizer, complex micro organism fungicide 5-10
Part and sticker 10-20 parts；Wherein the tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse first pass through high temperature hot tearing
Charcoal is obtained after solution, then the charcoal, the pig manure and the wormcast are uniformly mixed, and powder is air-dried after overlay film compost
It is broken, compost mixture is obtained, the compost mixture and other components mixing granulation are finally obtained into the dedicated charcoal base of the tobacco
Compound fertilizer；The potash fertilizer is the potassium sulfate of potassium content 51% and the potassium humate of potassium content 10%；The complex micro organism fungicide
Including Acinetobacter junii, the red finger sporangiocyst bacterium of wine, wealthy aobvious pyrenomycetes, bacillus coagulans and bacillus laterosporus.
2. the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of a kind of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogenous fertilizer is nitrogen content
46% urea, the phosphate fertilizer are the calcium superphosphate of phosphorus content 16%.
3. the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of a kind of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the potassium sulfate and humic acid
The mass ratio of potassium is 1:1-3.
4. the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of a kind of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the micro-element liquid fertilizer
In include mass concentration be 5-15mg/L lanthanum chloride, 5-15mg/L sodium selenite, mass fraction be 0.1-0.3% boron
The ammonium molybdate of acid, the manganese sulfate of 0.05-0.2% and 0.01-0.1%.
5. the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of a kind of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the complex micro organism fungicide
In each strain viable count >=1 × 108cfu/ml。
6. the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of a kind of tobacco according to claim 1, which is characterized in that carboxymethyl in the sticker
The mass ratio of sodium cellulosate, wood vinegar and sodium alginate is 2:1:0.3.
7. a kind of preparation method of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco as described in claim 1-6 is any, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
(1) biological retort is put into after collecting tabacco straw, waste tobacco, vegetable castoff and house refuse by weight,
High temperature pyrolysis 1-2h under the conditions of 350-450 DEG C, obtains charcoal；
(2) charcoal, pig manure and wormcast are uniformly mixed, air-dry and crushes after overlay film compost 10-15d, and cross 80-100
Mesh obtains compost mixture；
(3) nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer are added in the compost mixture, and sprays micro-element liquid fertilizer and compound on surface
Microbial bacterial agent stirs evenly, and obtains charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material；
(4) it is added the water of its gross mass 10-15% in the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material, and with sprayer by the parts by weight
Sticker is uniformly sprayed at the charcoal base composite fertilizer raw material surface, is placed in granulating disc and is granulated, in 40-45 after granulation
Drying 4-6h is placed at DEG C to get the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco.
8. a kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the application side
Method is specially in the tobacco field ridge cave Shang Wa, cave diameter 20-25cm, deep 15-18cm, by the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of the tobacco and cave soil
It is uniformly mixed, is applied away from disposable ring at 8-10cm around cigarette strain.
9. a kind of method of administration of the dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the tobacco
The amount of application of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer is 100-150kg/ mus.
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| CN111662123A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-15 | 江西普瑞丰生态科技有限公司 | Active biochar organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113173827A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-27 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Pigeon manure source carbon-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113563129A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-29 | 中国农业科学院烟草研究所(中国烟草总公司青州烟草研究所) | Special carbon-based seaweed microbial fertilizer for tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN113880633A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Special carbon-based compound fertilizer for tobacco and one-time application method thereof |
| CN113896588A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-07 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Fertilizer for improving tobacco quality and application thereof |
| CN114158570A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 四川中烟工业有限责任公司 | Compound agent for reducing stem content of tobacco leaves and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115093261A (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-09-23 | 中国农业大学 | Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for improving acid soil and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115777417A (en) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-14 | 中国烟草总公司四川省公司 | Biological control method for preventing and treating tobacco climate spots |
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| CN111662123A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-09-15 | 江西普瑞丰生态科技有限公司 | Active biochar organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN113173827A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-07-27 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Pigeon manure source carbon-based organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN113880633A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2022-01-04 | 贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司 | Special carbon-based compound fertilizer for tobacco and one-time application method thereof |
| CN113896588A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-07 | 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 | Fertilizer for improving tobacco quality and application thereof |
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| CN117126011A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-28 | 临沂市农业科学院 | Coated composite microbial agent and preparation method thereof |
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