CN115777417B - Biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots - Google Patents
Biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots Download PDFInfo
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- CN115777417B CN115777417B CN202211684009.XA CN202211684009A CN115777417B CN 115777417 B CN115777417 B CN 115777417B CN 202211684009 A CN202211684009 A CN 202211684009A CN 115777417 B CN115777417 B CN 115777417B
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- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000223262 Trichoderma longibrachiatum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 30
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 30
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003902 lesion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005739 Bordeaux mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000254173 Coleoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000258937 Hemiptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208292 Solanaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011717 all-trans-retinol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019169 all-trans-retinol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PBGNLHHLENTMLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium;copper;disulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PBGNLHHLENTMLB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 description 1
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002895 emetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006461 physiological response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000932 sedative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001624 sedative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots, and belongs to the technical field of tobacco cultivation. The biological control method is characterized in that after the seedlings are transplanted by a large amount Tian Yizhou, fertilizers are applied every 15-20 days, wherein the fertilizers consist of 30-40 parts of water hyacinth biochar, 5-10 parts of boric acid, 0.5-2 parts of microbial powder and 3-5 parts of seaweed extract; the microbial powder consists of 0.2-0.5 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.1-0.5 part of bacillus bailii and 0.2-1 part of trichoderma longibrachiatum. The method can effectively prevent and treat tobacco climate spot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco cultivation, in particular to a biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots.
Background
Tobacco is a plant of the genus nicotiana of the family Solanaceae, annual or limited perennial herbs. The tobacco can be used as a raw material in the tobacco industry; the tobacco can also be used as pesticide, the nicotine contained in the tobacco has wide insecticidal spectrum, quick-acting and easy natural degradation, is safe to most crops, has no or little residue, and can kill more than two hundred pests of lepidoptera, diptera, coleoptera, hemiptera and the like; it is also pharmaceutically acceptable and useful as an anesthetic, sweating, sedative, and emetic agent.
The tobacco climate spot disease is a kind of tobacco leaf spot disease which is formed by using O 3 Non-invasive diseases caused by low temperature and the like are not transmitted, but when serious, the non-invasive diseases cause more harm to tobacco than other invasive diseases. The tobacco climate spot disease has the characteristics of quick disease, short time and wide occurrence area, mainly occurs in 4-6 leaves of the foot leaves and the lower two sheds in a concentrated way, and the middle and upper tobacco leaves have less disease, low disease index, namely the lower She Yifa climate spot disease with larger leaf age. The different development periods of the leaves are an important okadain affecting the occurrence of the climate spot disease, and the tobacco leaves with the leaf length of more than 40cm are easy to cause the cow climate spot disease after the tobacco plants are transplanted for about 35d, and the tobacco leaves with the leaf length of more than 40cm after the leaf plants are transplanted. In general, tobacco is susceptible to weather spotting after growing into vigorous periods, and leaf tips are more vulnerable to weather spotting than leaf bases, old leaves than new leaves, and middle and lower leaves than upper leaves. Climate spotting is mostly concentrated on the tip surface, which is also one of the important features that distinguish from other leaf spot lesions.
Although not infectious, tobacco climate leaf diseases sometimes have an even greater impact on tobacco yield and quality than invasive diseases on tobacco lamina. The existing preventive effect agents comprise bordeaux mixture, copper calcium sulfate, carbendazim, zineb and the like, but the preventive effect on tobacco climate spot disease is poor, so that a method for effectively preventing and treating the tobacco climate spot disease needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots, which can effectively control the tobacco climate spots.
The invention aims to provide a biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots, which comprises the steps of transplanting seedlings by Tian Yizhou days, and applying fertilizer which consists of 30-40 parts of water hyacinth biochar, 5-10 parts of boric acid, 0.5-2 parts of microbial powder and 3-5 parts of seaweed extract every 15-20 days;
the microbial powder consists of 0.2-0.5 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.1-0.5 part of bacillus bailii and 0.2-1 part of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Preferably, the fertilizer consists of 30 parts of water hyacinth biochar, 7 parts of boric acid, 1 part of microbial powder and 3 parts of seaweed extract;
the microbial powder consists of 0.3 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.3 part of bacillus bailii and 0.4 part of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Preferably, the water hyacinth biochar is prepared according to the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing and sieving the dried water hyacinth, and then placing the water hyacinth in a muffle furnace for carbonization treatment to obtain the biochar.
Preferably, the number of the sieving meshes is 60-80 meshes.
Preferably, the carbonization temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the carbonization time is 1-2h.
Preferably, the temperature rising rate is 2-5 ℃/min.
Preferably, the fertilizer is applied in an amount of 6-8 kg/mu each time.
Preferably, the number of applications is 4-5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention takes the water hyacinth as the raw material to prepare the biochar, then the biochar, boric acid, microbial agent and seaweed essence form the fertilizer, the fertilizer is used for multiple times after transplanting, the water hyacinth contains potassium after carbonization treatment, and the water hyacinth, the boric acid, microbial agent and seaweed essence are matched to promote root growth and improve the stress resistance of tobacco, so that the prevention and treatment effect on tobacco climate spots is improved.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The lactobacillus plantarum powder used in the invention is purchased from lactobacillus plantarum powder CW006 of micro Kang Yisheng bacteria (Suzhou) stock, and the viable count is more than or equal to 1 multiplied by 10 11 cfu/g. The bacillus belicus is purchased from Shandong Qiuchu chemical engineering Co., ltd, the trichoderma longibrachiatum powder is purchased from Shandong and Zhongkang source biotechnology Co., ltd, and the viable count is 10-50 hundred million/g.
Example 1
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.7kg of boric acid, 0.1kg of microbial powder and 0.3kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.03kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.03kg of bacillus bailii and 0.04kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Example 2
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 17 days, and applying fertilizer 4 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 8 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 4.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.5kg of boric acid, 0.2kg of microbial powder and 0.5kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at 2 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1.5h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.05kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.05kg of bacillus bailii and 0.1kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Example 3
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, and applying fertilizer once every 20 days for 4 times; the application amount of each fertilizer is 7 kg/mu.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.5kg of water hyacinth biochar, 1kg of boric acid, 0.05kg of microbial powder and 0.4kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at 2 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1.5h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.02kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.01kg of bacillus bailii and 0.05kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Example 4
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 1.0kg of boric acid, 0.05kg of microbial powder and 0.4kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 400 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.02kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.01kg of bacillus bailii and 0.02kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Example 5
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 4.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.5kg of boric acid, 0.05kg of microbial powder and 0.3kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 65-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.02kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.01kg of bacillus bailii and 0.02kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Example 6
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, and applying the fertilizer once every 20 days for 5 times; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.5kg of boric acid, 0.1kg of microbial powder and 0.35kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.03kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.03kg of bacillus bailii and 0.04kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Example 7
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 4.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.5kg of boric acid, 0.05kg of microbial powder and 0.3kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 80-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at 3 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 2 hours to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.02kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.01kg of bacillus bailii and 0.02kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Comparative example 1
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.1kg of microbial powder and 0.3kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.03kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.03kg of bacillus bailii and 0.04kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Comparative example 2
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.7kg of boric acid and 0.3kg of seaweed extract;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
Comparative example 3
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 3.0kg of water hyacinth biochar, 0.7kg of boric acid and 0.1kg of microbial powder;
the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing the dried water hyacinth, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, placing in a muffle furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at 5 ℃/min, and carbonizing for 1h to obtain the water hyacinth biochar.
The microbial powder consists of 0.03kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.03kg of bacillus bailii and 0.04kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
Comparative example 4
Selecting a land with loose and fertile soil and convenience for irrigation and drainage, ridging, wherein the height of the ridge is 30cm and the width of the ridge is 50cm, then applying a base fertilizer half month before transplanting, transplanting seedlings in a seedling raising shed into a field, applying a fertilizer one week after transplanting, applying fertilizer once every 15 days, and applying fertilizer 5 times altogether; the application amount of the fertilizer is 6 kg/mu each time.
The fertilizer consists of the following components: 0.7kg boric acid, 0.1kg microbial powder and 0.3kg seaweed extract;
the microbial powder consists of 0.03kg of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.03kg of bacillus bailii and 0.04kg of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
The efficacy of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4 was investigated with reference to the methods of the publication "control effect of different agents on tobacco climate Spot disease and physiological response mechanism of tobacco" by Dijilin, and no fertilizer was applied as a blank control. The specific investigation method is as follows:
after onset of the climate spot disease, the disease condition is investigated by five-point sampling investigation, 5 plants are investigated per point, and 25 plants are investigated per cell. The number of plants developed, the number of leaves developed per plant and the total number of leaves investigated were recorded, the disease index of each leaf, and the tobacco climate spot disease index grading criteria were (leaf-by-leaf grading investigation, 5 leaves per plant investigation):
level 0: no disease;
stage 1: leaves contain a small number of lesions;
2 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for less than 3% of the total area of the blade;
3 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 3% -10% of the total area of the blade (3 is not included, and the rest are analogized);
4 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 10% -25% of the total area of the blade;
5 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 25% -35% of the total area of the blade;
stage 6: the area of the disease spots accounts for 35% -55% of the total area of the blade;
7 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for more than 35% -55% of the total area of the blade.
TABLE 1 investigation results of prevention and control of climate Spot disease
| Incidence (%) | Index of disease condition | Preventing effect (%) | |
| Example 1 | 16 | 2.40 | 61.84 |
| Comparative example 1 | 32 | 4.69 | 25.44 |
| Comparative example 2 | 36 | 4.80 | 23.69 |
| Comparative example 3 | 24 | 3.31 | 47.38 |
| Comparative example 4 | 36 | 4.91 | 21.94 |
| Blank control | 44 | 6.29 | - |
Note that: in the table "-" means no data.
As can be seen from Table 1, the fertilizer is applied for multiple times after seedling transplanting, so that the root system growth is promoted, the stress resistance of tobacco is improved, the tobacco climate spots are prevented and treated well, and the prevention effect can reach 61.84%.
If not specified, the tobacco planting, fertilization and field management are all carried out according to the conventional cultivation method.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots is characterized in that,
applying fertilizer which consists of 30-40 parts of water hyacinth biochar, 5-10 parts of boric acid, 0.5-2 parts of microbial powder and 3-5 parts of seaweed extract every 15-20 days after transplanting seedlings by a large scale Tian Yizhou;
the microbial powder consists of 0.2-0.5 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.1-0.5 part of bacillus bailii and 0.2-1 part of trichoderma longibrachiatum;
the fertilizer is applied to 6-8 kg/mu each time, and the application times are 4-5 times.
2. The biological control method for preventing and treating tobacco climate spots according to claim 1, wherein the fertilizer consists of 30 parts of water hyacinth biochar, 7 parts of boric acid, 1 part of microbial powder and 3 parts of seaweed extract;
the microbial powder consists of 0.3 part of lactobacillus plantarum, 0.3 part of bacillus bailii and 0.4 part of trichoderma longibrachiatum.
3. The biological control method for preventing and treating tobacco climate spots according to claim 1, wherein the water hyacinth biochar is prepared by the following steps:
and cleaning the water hyacinth, drying, crushing and sieving the dried water hyacinth, and then placing the water hyacinth in a muffle furnace for carbonization treatment to obtain the biochar.
4. A biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots according to claim 3, wherein the number of sieves is 60-80 mesh.
5. The biological control method for preventing and treating tobacco climate spots according to claim 4, wherein the carbonization temperature is 400-600 ℃ and the carbonization time is 1-2h.
6. The biological control method for preventing and treating tobacco climate spots according to claim 5, wherein the heating rate is 2-5 ℃/min.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211684009.XA CN115777417B (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Biological control method for controlling tobacco climate spots |
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