CN110550989A - Carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110550989A CN110550989A CN201911000826.7A CN201911000826A CN110550989A CN 110550989 A CN110550989 A CN 110550989A CN 201911000826 A CN201911000826 A CN 201911000826A CN 110550989 A CN110550989 A CN 110550989A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fertilizer comprises 20-30 parts by weight of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10-20 parts by weight of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 50-60 parts by weight of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fertilizer, in particular to a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
During the tobacco redrying process, tobacco redrying enterprises generate a great amount of tobacco waste such as tobacco stems, tobacco powder, defective waste (burning, mildewing and destroying waste) and the like. The waste is special control high-risk biomass solid waste, is inflammable and pollutes the environment; the biomass solid waste contains various mineral nutrient elements and a large amount of potassium elements required by the growth of flue-cured tobacco, but cannot be directly utilized. The resource utilization direction of the tobacco waste is as follows: firstly, tobacco waste is used as a raw material to produce the organic fertilizer, and due to the influence of nicotine in the waste on microbial activity, cellulose in the tobacco waste is not easy to decompose, tobacco pathogenic bacteria are carried, and the like, so that the development of the organic fertilizer of the tobacco waste is restricted. Secondly, the tobacco waste is used as a biomass fuel of a boiler and is used as a heat source for redrying tobacco leaves, but the tobacco waste must be mixed with 30-50% of coal for combustion. With the continuous promotion of the engineering of changing boiler coal into gas, the way of consuming the tobacco waste as the biomass fuel of the boiler is also ended. The centralized mass treatment and resource utilization of tobacco waste are technical problems which are eagerly solved by the technical personnel in the field.
with the continuous development of agriculture and rural economy in China, the livestock and poultry breeding industry is changed to the direction of intensification at a higher speed, and a large number of large-scale breeding bases are born, but the outstanding problem that large-area environment is harmed by livestock and poultry excrement and other pollutants is also generated; the national environmental protection applies the principle of comprehensive utilization priority, resource utilization, harmlessness and reduction to the pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding, and governments at all levels are required to bring the pollution control of livestock and poultry breeding into environmental protection planning.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of how to intensively treat and utilize a large amount of tobacco wastes and livestock and poultry manure in a recycling manner, and provides a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10-20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 50-60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the charcoal-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10 parts of biochemical potassium fulvate and 60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the charcoal-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 20 parts of biochemical potassium fulvate and 50 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
Further, the charcoal-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 20 parts of biochemical potassium fulvate and 60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
A preparation method of a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer comprises the following steps:
a. Preparing tobacco waste carbonized powder: in a horizontal rotary external heating type carbonization furnace, the carbonized powder is obtained by heating, decomposing and carbonizing in a low-oxygen state;
b. Preparing decomposed livestock and poultry manure: strip aerobic fermentation is adopted near a farm for 3-4 weeks, so that the livestock and poultry manure is rotten and ripened into the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer organic raw material without peculiar smell and obvious impurities.
c. preparing a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer: and (2) carrying out the steps of proportioning, crushing, screening and metering and packaging 20-30 parts by weight of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10-20 parts by weight of biochemical potassium fulvate and 50-60 parts by weight of decomposed livestock and poultry manure to produce the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer product.
Furthermore, in the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer, the organic matter is more than or equal to 50 percent, the total nutrient (N + P 2 O 5 + K 2 O) is more than or equal to 7.0 percent (3-1-3), and the pH value is 6.5-7.5.
Further, the carbonization furnace device for carbonizing the tobacco waste is an external heating type carbonization furnace, the carbonization furnace is a horizontal rotating body, a spiral propelling type feeding and indirect heat supply mode is adopted, a hot blast stove at the side part of the carbonization furnace burns to generate high temperature to heat a rotatable furnace body, the tobacco waste in the furnace body is heated and decomposed in a low-oxygen state to generate a large amount of carbonization gas, and the carbonization gas is introduced into a combustion chamber through an induced draft fan to burn; the material is output from the furnace body end through the rotation of furnace body, and the output end has product condensation and collection system, and when the material volatilizees and separates out and burns substances such as tobacco tar, nicotine in the dry distillation gas under the environment of about 800 ℃, the dry distillation gas can burn completely when the temperature reaches more than 800 ℃ in the combustion furnace, reaches innocent treatment, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through cyclone dust remover after the cooling of water-cooled heat exchanger.
The product is a mixture of heterogeneous complex macromolecular structure and extremely complex components, scientifically combines a new nutrient chain, and comprehensively balances plant requirements, and is also rich in almost all amino acids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, various enzymes, saccharides (oligosaccharides, fructose and the like), proteins, nucleic acids, humic acid, VC, VE, a large amount of B vitamins and other nutrient components required in the plant growth process, and is a green ecological fertilizer, wherein the main technical indexes of the product are that organic matters are not less than 70 percent, (N)% > 3.0 percent, (P32O 5)% > 0.4%, (K2O) > 539 ≧ 11%, and pH is not less than 5.5%.
Further, the preparation method of the decomposed livestock and poultry manure comprises the following steps of carrying out strip aerobic fermentation for 3-4 weeks near a farm, so that the livestock and poultry manure is decomposed into the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer organic raw material without peculiar smell and obvious impurities, wherein the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the water content is less than or equal to 40 percent, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 40 percent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, decomposed livestock and poultry manure is used as a main raw material, and the fertilizer is prepared by adding 20-30% of tobacco waste carbonized powder and 10-20% of biochemical fulvic acid potassium, so that the fertilizer increases the content of various quick-acting organic mineral nutrients required by the growth of flue-cured tobacco, particularly the content of potassium element, and is more suitable for the growth requirement of tobacco.
2. The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer prepared by the method has the main technical indexes that the organic matter is more than or equal to 50 percent, the total nutrient (N + P 2 O 5 + K 2 O) is more than or equal to 7.0 percent (3-1-3), and the pH value is 6.5-7.5.
3. The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer fully utilizes high-adsorption carbon sources and mineral nutrients in carbonized tobacco wastes, and simultaneously utilizes livestock and poultry manure in a resource manner, so that the fertilizer can be intensively and quickly treated, tobacco redrying enterprises can generate a large amount of tobacco wastes such as tobacco stems, tobacco scraps, defective wastes (burning mildewing and destroying wastes) and the like in the tobacco redrying processing process, and can also utilize the poultry manure in a farm in a harmless and resource manner; not only changing waste into valuable, but also protecting the ecological environment.
4. The fertilizer is used in tobacco planting, can obviously increase the aroma value of tobacco leaves, and improves the quality and the yield of the tobacco leaves.
5. The method of the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high efficiency and low cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example one
The invention relates to a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer which is prepared from 30 parts by weight of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10 parts by weight of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 60 parts by weight of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
a. Preparing tobacco waste carbonized powder: in a horizontal rotary external heating type carbonization furnace, the carbonized powder is obtained by heating, decomposing and carbonizing in a low-oxygen state;
b. preparing decomposed livestock and poultry manure: strip aerobic fermentation is adopted near a farm for 3-4 weeks, so that the livestock and poultry manure is rotted and ripened into carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer organic raw materials (the water content is less than or equal to 40 percent, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 40 percent) without peculiar smell and obvious impurities.
c. Preparing a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer: 30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure are subjected to the processes of proportioning, crushing, screening and measuring and packaging to produce the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer product.
In the embodiment, the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer prepared by the method has the advantages that the organic matter is more than or equal to 50 percent, the total nutrient (N + P 2 O 5 + K 2 O) is more than or equal to 7.0 percent (3-1-3), and the pH value is 6.5-7.5.
In the embodiment, the carbonization furnace device for carbonizing the tobacco waste is an external heating type carbonization furnace, the carbonization furnace is a horizontal rotating body, a spiral propelling type feeding and indirect heat supply mode is adopted, a hot blast stove at the side part of the carbonization furnace burns to generate high temperature to heat a rotatable furnace body, the tobacco waste in the furnace body is heated and decomposed in a low-oxygen state to generate a large amount of carbonization gas, and the carbonization gas is introduced into a combustion chamber through an induced draft fan to burn; the material is output from the tail end of the furnace body through the rotation of the furnace body, and the output end is provided with a product condensing and collecting system. In the aspect of tail gas treatment, when smoke oil, nicotine and other substances in the dry distillation gas are volatilized and separated out and are combusted in the environment of about 800 ℃, the dry distillation gas can be completely combusted when the temperature in the combustion furnace reaches above 800 ℃ to achieve harmless treatment, and the exhaust gas is cooled through the water-cooled heat exchanger, is dedusted through the cyclone deduster and is exhausted into the atmosphere.
2 5 2In the embodiment, the biochemical fulvic acid potassium is a polycondensate of a polyvalent phenol aromatic compound and a nitrogen compound (E4/E6 is 3.3), is brownish powder in appearance, has sweet smell, is a pure natural fermentation product, and has no toxic or side effect, is not a pure molecular compound, but is a heterogeneous complex macromolecular structure and a mixture with extremely complex components, scientifically combines a new nutrient chain, and comprehensively balances plant requirements.
In the embodiment, the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is aerobically fermented for 3-4 weeks in a strip manner near a farm, so that the livestock and poultry manure is decomposed into the carbon-based tobacco ecological organic raw material without peculiar smell and obvious impurities, wherein the water content is less than or equal to 40%, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 40%.
Example two
The embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is prepared by using 30 parts by weight of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 20 parts by weight of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 50 parts by weight of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is prepared by using 20 parts by weight of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 20 parts by weight of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 60 parts by weight of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer prepared in the first, second and third embodiments is applied to a flue-cured tobacco field, and 200kg of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is applied to each mu of tobacco in about 10 days before the flue-cured tobacco field is transplanted.
through comparison of the experimental group (applying 200kg of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer of the application per mu) and the control group (applying the conventional fertilizer), it was found that: the growth period of the tobacco in the field is advanced by 2-4d, the growth period of the field is shortened, and the economic yield forming period of the tobacco is prolonged; compared with the tobacco leaves of a control group, the tobacco leaves of the experimental group have no obvious difference in leaf number, but have higher plant height, thicker stem circumference, more uniform joint heel, and longer, wider and more harmonious tobacco leaves at each part of the upper part, the middle part and the lower part; compared with tobacco leaves of a control group, the tobacco leaves of the experimental group have the advantages that the average yield per mu is increased by 3.6kg, the first-class tobacco proportion is increased by 2.3%, the upper-middle tobacco proportion is increased by 1.7%, the low-class tobacco proportion is decreased by 2.1%, the orange tobacco proportion is increased, the color and the oil content are enhanced, and the fragrance is increased.
Claims (9)
1. The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10-20 parts of biochemical fulvic acid potassium and 50-60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
2. The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10 parts of biochemical potassium fulvate and 60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
3. The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 20 parts of biochemical potassium fulvate and 50 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
4. The carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to claim 1, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 20 parts of biochemical potassium fulvate and 60 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
5. The preparation method of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. Preparing tobacco waste carbonized powder: in a horizontal rotary external heating type carbonization furnace, the carbonized powder is obtained by heating, decomposing and carbonizing in a low oxygen state;
b. Preparing decomposed livestock and poultry manure: strip aerobic fermentation is adopted near a farm for 4-5 weeks, so that the livestock and poultry manure is thoroughly decomposed into carbon-based tobacco ecological organic raw materials without peculiar smell and obvious impurities.
c. Preparing a carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer: and (2) carrying out the steps of proportioning, crushing, screening and metering and packaging 20-30 parts by weight of tobacco waste carbonized powder, 10-20 parts by weight of biochemical potassium fulvate and 50-60 parts by weight of decomposed livestock and poultry manure to produce the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer product.
6. The preparation method of the charcoal-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein organic matter in the charcoal-based tobacco ecological fertilizer is more than or equal to 50%, total nutrients (N + P 2 O 5 + K 2 O) are more than or equal to 7.0% (3-1-3), and the pH value is 6.5-7.5.
7. The method for preparing the charcoal-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein the carbonization furnace device for carbonizing the tobacco waste is an external heating type carbonization furnace, the carbonization furnace is a horizontal rotating body, a spiral propelling type feeding and indirect heating mode is adopted, a hot blast stove at the side of the carbonization furnace burns to generate high temperature to heat the rotatable furnace body, the tobacco waste in the furnace body is heated and decomposed under a low-oxygen state to generate a large amount of dry distillation gas, and the dry distillation gas is introduced into a combustion chamber through an induced draft fan to burn; the material is output from the furnace body end through the rotation of furnace body, and the output end has product condensation and collection system, and when the material volatilizees and separates out and burns substances such as tobacco tar, nicotine in the dry distillation gas under the environment of about 800 ℃, the dry distillation gas can burn completely when the temperature reaches more than 800 ℃ in the combustion furnace, reaches innocent treatment, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere through cyclone dust remover after the cooling of water-cooled heat exchanger.
8. The preparation method of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer according to claim 5, wherein the biochemical potassium fulvate is an ecological organic raw material of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer, and the biochemical potassium fulvate comprises 70% or more of organic matter, (N)% > 3.0%, (P 2 O 5)% > 0.4%, (K 2 O)% > 11% and pH 5.5.
9. the preparation method of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, wherein the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is prepared by carrying out aerobic fermentation in a strip manner for 3-4 weeks near a farm, so that the livestock and poultry manure is decomposed into the organic raw material of the carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer without peculiar smell and obvious impurities, and the decomposed livestock and poultry manure is prepared by the following steps: the water content is less than or equal to 40 percent, and the organic matter is more than or equal to 40 percent.
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| CN201911000826.7A CN110550989A (en) | 2019-10-21 | 2019-10-21 | Carbon-based tobacco ecological fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61158886A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-18 | 日立機電工業株式会社 | Composting method |
| CN109879693A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-14 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and method of administration |
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- 2019-10-21 CN CN201911000826.7A patent/CN110550989A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61158886A (en) * | 1984-12-28 | 1986-07-18 | 日立機電工業株式会社 | Composting method |
| CN109879693A (en) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-06-14 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of dedicated charcoal base composite fertilizer of tobacco and its preparation and method of administration |
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Application publication date: 20191210 |