CN211005177U - System for preparing carbon-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes - Google Patents
System for preparing carbon-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN211005177U CN211005177U CN201921394956.9U CN201921394956U CN211005177U CN 211005177 U CN211005177 U CN 211005177U CN 201921394956 U CN201921394956 U CN 201921394956U CN 211005177 U CN211005177 U CN 211005177U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a system for preparation prevention and cure root knot nematode's carbon-based fungus medicine is fertile, this system includes: the pretreatment device is provided with an agriculture and forestry biomass inlet and a biomass particle outlet; the fast pyrolysis device is provided with a biomass particle inlet, a biochar outlet and a high-temperature oil gas outlet; the oil-gas separation device is provided with a high-temperature oil-gas inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and an oil-water mixture outlet; the oil-water separation device is provided with an oil-water mixture inlet, a biological oil outlet and a wood vinegar stock solution outlet; a purification device having a wood vinegar stock solution inlet and a wood vinegar solution outlet; the mixing device is provided with a microbial strain inlet, an abamectin inlet, a carrier fertilizer inlet, a cooled charcoal powder inlet, a pyroligneous liquor inlet and a mixed material outlet; the granulating device is provided with a mixed material inlet and a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet. The carbon-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer capable of effectively preventing and treating root-knot nematodes can be prepared by adopting the system, and the effects of fertilizing and preventing and treating the root-knot nematodes can be simultaneously achieved by applying the pesticide fertilizer once.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the agricultural resourceization, concretely relates to system for preparing charcoal base fungus medicine fertilizer of prevention and cure root-knot nematode.
Background
Root knot nematode disease generally causes the vegetable to reduce yield by 20-30%, and even the vegetable is seriously harvested. At present, root-knot nematodes are commonly generated and spread in many vegetable production areas in China, and diseases are more and more serious. On one hand, the root-knot nematode is hidden, the host range is wide, the root-knot nematode occurs in the soil surface layer within 5-30 cm, the root-knot nematode is not easy to perceive, and great difficulty is brought to prevention and control. On the other hand, the existing prevention and control technology is difficult to meet the production requirement. Meanwhile, in the traditional agricultural production technology, the fertilization and the pesticide application are separated, and the labor amount of vegetable farmers is increased virtually.
Therefore, the existing techniques for controlling root-knot nematodes need to be further explored.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The present invention aims at solving at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. Therefore, an object of the utility model is to provide a system of charcoal base fungus medicine fertilizer of preparation prevention and cure root tie nematode, adopt this system can prepare the charcoal base fungus medicine fertilizer that can effectively prevent and cure root tie nematode to this medicine fertilizer is once used just can accomplish the effect of fertilization and prevention and cure root tie nematode simultaneously, thereby has reduced the amount of labour of vegetable grower when improving the agricultural product output.
In one aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a system for preparing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematode. According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, the system includes:
a pretreatment device having an agriculture and forestry biomass inlet and a biomass particle outlet;
the fast pyrolysis device is provided with a biomass particle inlet, a biochar outlet and a high-temperature oil gas outlet, and the biomass particle inlet is connected with the biomass particle outlet;
the oil-gas separation device is provided with a high-temperature oil-gas inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and an oil-water mixture outlet, and the high-temperature oil-gas inlet is connected with the high-temperature oil-gas outlet;
the oil-water separation device is provided with an oil-water mixture inlet, a biological oil outlet and a wood vinegar stock solution outlet, and the oil-water mixture inlet is connected with the oil-water mixture outlet;
the purification device is provided with a wood vinegar stock solution inlet and a wood vinegar stock solution outlet, and the wood vinegar stock solution inlet is connected with the wood vinegar stock solution outlet;
the cooling and crushing device is provided with a biochar inlet and a cooled biochar powder outlet, and the biochar inlet is connected with the biochar outlet;
the mixing device is provided with a microbial strain inlet, an abamectin inlet, a carrier fertilizer inlet, a cooled charcoal powder inlet, a pyroligneous liquor inlet and a mixed material outlet, wherein the cooled charcoal powder inlet is connected with the cooled charcoal powder outlet, and the pyroligneous liquor inlet is connected with the pyroligneous liquor outlet;
the granulating device is provided with a mixed material inlet and a carbon-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer outlet, and the mixed material inlet is connected with the mixed material outlet.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the system for preparing the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes carries out pyrolysis treatment by supplying agriculture and forestry biomass to the fast pyrolysis device, the obtained high-temperature oil gas is subjected to oil-gas separation and oil-water separation to obtain wood vinegar stock solution, the obtained wood vinegar solution and the biochar and the microbial strain obtained in the pyrolysis process, abamectin inlet and carrier fertilizer are mixed and granulated, the biochar can increase the content of organic matters in soil and play a role in slow release of nutrients, and has a positive effect on repairing heavy metal pollution of soil and solving soil hardening, the biochar in the application is prepared by taking the agriculture and forestry biomass as a raw material, not only realizes the resource utilization of the agriculture and forestry biomass, but also obviously reduces the raw material cost of the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer, and the activity of nematodes can be destroyed by abamectin, the wood vinegar liquid contains a mixture of various substances such as alcohol, phenol, ketone and derivatives thereof, is applied to soil to prevent and treat soil diseases such as nematode and bacterial wilt, the carrier fertilizer can provide amino acid and various other physiological active components, the microbial strains can secrete antibacterial substances and can play a role in inhibiting the nematode, so that biochar generated by pyrolysis, the microbial strains, abamectin, carrier fertilizer and the wood vinegar liquid are mixed and granulated together to produce the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer, the straw returning of agriculture and forestry biomass is realized, soil organic matters are increased, the imbalance of the carbon and nitrogen ratio of soil is adjusted, the slow release of chemical fertilizer nutrients is realized by utilizing the adsorption performance of the biochar, and beneficial microbial floras of the soil are supplemented, the fertilizer can improve the crop yield, cultivate the soil fertility, effectively prevent and control the root-knot nematodes and sterilize, avoid that the pesticide application can not achieve the ideal prevention and control effect after the disease occurs, cause the value reduction and yield reduction of vegetable crops, and meet the requirements of base fertilizers. Compared with the traditional fertilizer, the production process of the product has no dust pollution, meanwhile, the product can be used in each growth period of vegetable crops, and after the product is used, other common nematocides are not needed to be used for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes. In addition, the pesticide product is used twice compared with the thread killer and the fertilizer, so that the cost of a set of packing materials and the thread killer auxiliary agent is saved, and the use cost cannot be increased due to the use of the pesticide fertilizer.
In addition, according to the utility model discloses the system of preparation prevention and cure root knot nematode's carbon-based fungus medicine fertilizer of above-mentioned embodiment can also have following additional technical characterstic:
optionally, the pyrolysis device is a downstream bed reactor with a heat accumulating type radiant tube, and the pyrolysis gas outlet is connected with the heat accumulating type radiant tube. Therefore, the resource utilization of the agriculture and forestry biomass can be realized.
Optionally, the system further comprises: and the power generation device is connected with the bio-oil outlet. Therefore, the power generation cost is reduced while the resource utilization of the agriculture and forestry biomass is realized.
Optionally, the system further comprises: the drying device is provided with a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet and a dried carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet, and the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet is connected with the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet; the screening device is provided with a dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet and a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particle outlet, and the dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet is connected with the dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet; and the packaging device is connected with the outlet of the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for root-knot nematode prevention according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for preparing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for root-knot nematode prevention according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for root-knot nematode prevention according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for root-knot nematode control according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature may be directly on or directly under the second feature or indirectly via intermediate members. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In one aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a system for preparing carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematode. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the system includes: the system comprises a pretreatment device 100, a fast pyrolysis device 200, an oil-gas separation device 300, an oil-water separation device 400, a purification device 500, a cooling and crushing device 600, a mixing device 700 and a granulation device 800.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, preprocessing device 100 has agriculture and forestry living beings entry 101 and biomass particles export 102, and is suitable for carrying out the preliminary treatment with agriculture and forestry living beings, obtains the biomass particles. Specifically, the agriculture and forestry biomass in the present application refers to wastes generated in agriculture and forestry production and processing processes, such as crop straws, dead branches, rice hulls, peanut shells, wood processing leftovers and the like, in the step, the pretreatment process can be, for example, crushing, drying and other steps in the prior art, that is, the pretreatment device can comprise drying, crushing and other devices which are connected in sequence, and the agriculture and forestry biomass raw materials are crushed to about 6mm after being pretreated.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, fast pyrolysis device 200 has living beings granule entry 201, biochar export 202 and high temperature oil gas export 203, and living beings granule entry 201 links to each other with living beings granule export 102, and is suitable for the living beings granule that obtains above-mentioned to carry out pyrolysis treatment, obtains biochar and high temperature oil gas. Specifically, the high-temperature oil gas outlet 203 is arranged at the top of the fast pyrolysis device 200, and a double-screw discharging machine (not shown) is arranged at the biochar outlet 202. According to the utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, this fast pyrolysis device is for having the descending bed reactor of heat accumulation formula radiant tube, supplies with the fuel burning in to heat accumulation formula radiant tube promptly, and heat accumulation formula radiant tube uses thermal radiation's form to provide the heat source of pyrolysis for the heat supply in the reactor, and the pyrolysis treatment in-process temperature is 500 ~ 950 degrees centigrade, preferred 700 degrees centigrade, and the pyrolysis time is 6 ~ 9 seconds.
Specifically, under the anoxic or low-oxygen condition, the stable and highly aromatic substance generated by high-temperature pyrolysis of the agriculture and forestry biomass is the biochar which mainly comprises elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and the like, wherein the carbon content is more than 60%, and the biochar has physical and chemical properties, so that the application prospect in agriculture is wide: the porosity can improve the pore density of the soil, enhance the water retention capacity of the soil and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer; the alkalinity can adjust the pH value of the soil and improve the acid soil; the organic fertilizer can increase the organic matter content of soil; the adsorbability is realized, the water retention capacity of the soil is enhanced, the nutrient utilization rate is improved, and heavy metals in the polluted soil are adsorbed; the heat preservation performance and the temperature regulation capability of the soil can be improved. Meanwhile, the biochar can provide a inhabitation place for microorganisms while conditioning the physical and chemical properties of the soil, is beneficial to the propagation of the microorganisms, and improves the activity, abundance, community structure diversity and functional diversity of the microorganisms in the soil. Microorganisms are important participants in soil biochemical processes and play an important role in the development of soil fertility. Meanwhile, the biochar has the advantages of wide raw material preparation range and low cost, and is beneficial to realizing the resource utilization of solid wastes.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, oil-gas separation device 300 has high temperature oil gas entry 301, pyrolysis gas export 302 and oil-water mixture export 303, and high temperature oil gas entry 301 links to each other with high temperature oil gas export 203, and is suitable for the high temperature oil gas that obtains to the aforesaid and carries out the oil-gas separation processing, and the separation obtains pyrolysis gas and oil-water mixture to pyrolysis gas export 302 links to each other with the heat accumulation formula radiant tube on the quick pyrolysis device 200, and the heat accumulation formula radiant tube that supplies to the quick pyrolysis device with the pyrolysis gas that produces promptly uses as fuel. Specifically, cooling water and high-temperature oil gas are in reverse contact for heat exchange, separation of pyrolysis gas is achieved, and an oil-water mixture is obtained.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, oil water separator 400 has oil water mixture entry 401, biological oil export 402 and wood vinegar stoste export 403, and oil water mixture entry 401 links to each other with oil water mixture export 303, and is suitable for the oil water mixture who obtains above-mentioned to carry out oil water separation, and the separation obtains biological oil and wood vinegar stoste. Specifically, the oil-water separation device can be a standing device, namely, an oil-water mixture is subjected to standing treatment, and the separation of the bio-oil and the wood vinegar stock solution can be realized according to different densities of components in the oil-water mixture.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, purifier 500 has wood vinegar stoste entry 501 and wood vinegar export 502, and wood vinegar stoste entry 501 links to each other with wood vinegar stoste export 403, and is suitable for and carries out purification treatment with the wood vinegar stoste that the aforesaid obtained, obtains wood vinegar. Specifically, the wood vinegar stock solution prepared by pyrolyzing biomass contains tar. The purification device can be a distillation device, for example, a normal pressure distillation method is adopted, low boiling point component acids and water in the wood vinegar stock solution are distilled out in the distillation process, then high boiling point components such as phenols and the like are distilled out, tar colored harmful substances with relatively large molecular weight and complex structure in the vinegar solution are removed through repeated distillation of the distilled fraction, and the solution with the residual color changed from reddish brown to light yellow is the wood vinegar solution obtained after purification. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the wood vinegar has a pH of 2 to 4, is a mixture mainly containing acid, contains various substances such as alcohol, phenol, ketone and derivatives thereof, has effects of killing insects, sterilizing, disinfecting soil, promoting plant growth, and can be applied to soil to prevent and treat soil diseases such as nematode and bacterial wilt.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, cooling reducing mechanism 600 has biochar entry 601 and the export 602 of cooling charcoal powder, and biochar entry 601 links to each other with biochar export 202, and is suitable for the biochar that obtains among the above-mentioned fast pyrolysis device to cool off shredding, obtains cooling charcoal powder. Specifically, the biochar is cooled, crushed and sieved to obtain 80-mesh biochar powder, and specific conditions for cooling and crushing the biochar are not particularly limited as long as 80-mesh biochar powder can be obtained.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, mixing arrangement 700 has microbial srain entry 701, avermectin entry 702, carrier fertilizer entry 703, cooling charcoal powder entry 704, pyroligneous liquor entry 705 and miscella exit 706, and cooling charcoal powder entry 704 links to each other with cooling charcoal powder export 602, and pyroligneous liquor entry 705 links to each other with pyroligneous liquor export 502, and is suitable for and mixes microbial srain, avermectin, carrier fertilizer and the aforesaid cooling charcoal and the pyroligneous liquor that obtains, obtains the miscella. The inventor finds that the microbial strain is at least one selected from bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and antibacterial substances secreted by the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis play a role in inhibiting nematodes; the abamectin is abamectin B2a, which can destroy the activity of nematodes, make them lose mobility and obviously reduce the number of root nematodes; can inhibit hatching of eggs, inhibit movement activity, and reduce invasion rate; the carrier fertilizer is humic acid and inorganic nutrient, wherein the humic acid refers to agricultural organic wastes (straws, sawdust, bagasse and the like) which are completely fermented, besides the most active fulvic acid, the carrier fertilizer also contains a certain amount of amino acid and various other physiologically active components, and the inorganic nutrient is NPK macroelement, so that biochar generated by pyrolysis, microbial strains, abamectin, carrier fertilizer and wood vinegar are mixed and granulated to produce the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer, not only is the straw returning of the agriculture and forestry biomass realized to increase soil organic matters and adjust the imbalance of the ratio of carbon to nitrogen of the soil, but also the adsorption performance of the biochar is utilized to realize the slow release of chemical fertilizer nutrient, simultaneously the beneficial microbial flora of the soil is supplemented, the soil fertility is cultivated while the crop yield is improved, the root-knot nematode prevention and sterilization effects can be effectively realized, and the problem that the ideal prevention and control effects can not be achieved after the pesticide is applied after the crop yield is improved, The fertilizer can reduce the value and yield of vegetable crops, meet the requirements of base fertilizer, and can simultaneously complete the effects of fertilizing and preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes by applying the pesticide fertilizer once, thereby improving the yield of agricultural products and reducing the labor capacity of vegetable growers. Compared with the traditional fertilizer, the production process of the product has no dust pollution, meanwhile, the product can be used in each growth period of vegetable crops, and after the product is used, other common nematocides are not needed to be used for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes. In addition, the pesticide product is used twice compared with the thread killer and the fertilizer, so that the cost of a set of packing materials and the thread killer auxiliary agent is saved, and the use cost cannot be increased due to the use of the pesticide fertilizer. It should be noted that the microbial strain inlet 701, the avermectin inlet 702, the carrier fertilizer inlet 703, the cooled charcoal powder inlet 704 and the pyroligneous liquor inlet 705 on the mixing device 700 may be the same port or different ports, and those skilled in the art can select them according to actual needs.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling charcoal powder, the wood vinegar, the microbial strain, the avermectin and the carrier fertilizer are (20-30) by mass: (1-2): (0.1-5): (0.5-2): (25-45) mixing. The inventor finds that the mass ratio of the biochar to the carrier fertilizer is up to 90%, the adding amount of the biochar is too small, the adding amount of the carrier fertilizer is correspondingly increased, the soil improvement effect is weakened, and if the adding amount of the biochar is too large, the carrier fertilizer is correspondingly reduced, and the fertilizer effect is reduced; the addition of excess wood vinegar causes the pH value of the bacterial manure to be slightly acidic, the addition amount of wood vinegar is small, and the nematode prevention and control effect is weakened; the addition amount of the microbial strains is calculated according to the standard of 0.2 hundred million-10 hundred million/g, the microorganisms can automatically propagate in the soil, the propagation speed is slow when the addition amount is too small, and the excessive integral cost is too high; the recommended dose of the 1 percent avermectin sustained-release granule is 3.75 g.m-2And calculating the addition amount, wherein the addition amount is excessive, the final residue does not meet the residue requirement, and the addition amount is too small, so that the nematode prevention and control effect is obviously weakened. Therefore, by adopting the mixing proportion, the effect of preventing and controlling the nematodes can be improved while the fertilizer efficiency of the pesticide fertilizer is improved.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, prilling granulator 800 has mixture entry 801 and carbon-based fungus medical fertilizer export 802, and mixture entry 801 links to each other with mixture export 706, and is suitable for the mixture that obtains above-mentioned and carries out the granulation, obtains carbon-based fungus medical fertilizer. Specifically, the granulating device is a disc granulator, and the diameter of the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is controlled to be 4-6 mm.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the system for preparing the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes carries out pyrolysis treatment by supplying agriculture and forestry biomass to the fast pyrolysis device, the obtained high-temperature oil gas is subjected to oil-gas separation and oil-water separation to obtain wood vinegar stock solution, the obtained wood vinegar solution and the biochar and the microbial strain obtained in the pyrolysis process, abamectin inlet and carrier fertilizer are mixed and granulated, the biochar can increase the content of organic matters in soil and play a role in slow release of nutrients, and has a positive effect on repairing heavy metal pollution of soil and solving soil hardening, the biochar in the application is prepared by taking the agriculture and forestry biomass as a raw material, not only realizes the resource utilization of the agriculture and forestry biomass, but also obviously reduces the raw material cost of the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer, and the activity of nematodes can be destroyed by abamectin, the wood vinegar liquid contains a mixture of various substances such as alcohol, phenol, ketone and derivatives thereof, is applied to soil to prevent and treat soil diseases such as nematode and bacterial wilt, the carrier fertilizer can provide amino acid and various other physiological active components, the microbial strains can secrete antibacterial substances and can play a role in inhibiting the nematode, so that biochar generated by pyrolysis, the microbial strains, abamectin, carrier fertilizer and the wood vinegar liquid are mixed and granulated together to produce the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer, the straw returning of agriculture and forestry biomass is realized, soil organic matters are increased, the imbalance of the carbon and nitrogen ratio of soil is adjusted, the slow release of chemical fertilizer nutrients is realized by utilizing the adsorption performance of the biochar, and beneficial microbial floras of the soil are supplemented, the fertilizer can improve the crop yield, cultivate the soil fertility, effectively prevent and control the root-knot nematodes and sterilize, avoid that the pesticide application can not achieve the ideal prevention and control effect after the disease occurs, cause the value reduction and yield reduction of vegetable crops, and meet the requirements of base fertilizers. Compared with the traditional fertilizer, the production process of the product has no dust pollution, meanwhile, the product can be used in each growth period of vegetable crops, and after the product is used, other common nematocides are not needed to be used for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes. In addition, the pesticide product is used twice compared with the thread killer and the fertilizer, so that the cost of a set of packing materials and the thread killer auxiliary agent is saved, and the use cost cannot be increased due to the use of the pesticide fertilizer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the system further includes: and a power generation device 900, wherein the power generation device 900 is connected with the bio-oil outlet 402, and is suitable for supplying the obtained bio-oil to the power generation device to be used as fuel to be combusted for generating power. Specifically, the power generation device is an oil-fired boiler steam turbine.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the system further includes: drying device 1000, screening device 1100 and packaging device 1200.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, drying device 1000 has the fertile entry of charcoal base fungus medicine 1001 and the fertile export 1002 of dry charcoal base fungus medicine, and the fertile entry of charcoal base fungus medicine 1001 links to each other with the fertile export 802 of charcoal base fungus medicine, and is suitable for the fertile dry processing that carries out of charcoal base fungus medicine that obtains to the aforesaid, obtains dry charcoal base fungus medicine fertile. According to the utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, drying device is the blast drying stove, and it utilizes the natural wind blast air to carry out the drying, and the export wind speed is 30 ~ 40m/s, and the amount of wind is 30 ~ 50m3And/s, the drying time is 30-60 min. Specifically, the water content of the obtained dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is 12-15% (mass content).
According to the embodiment of the utility model, screening plant 1100 has dry charcoal base fungus fertile entry 1101 and the fertile granule of charcoal base fungus medicine 1102 of dry charcoal base fungus, and dry charcoal base fungus fertile entry 1001 links to each other with dry charcoal base fungus fertile export 1002 of medicine, and is suitable for to sieve the dry charcoal base fungus fertile of above-mentioned obtaining, obtains the fertile granule of charcoal base fungus medicine. Specifically, the diameter of the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles obtained through screening is 4-6 mm.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, packing plant 1200 links to each other with the fertile granule of charcoal base fungus medicine export 1102, and is suitable for packing the fertile granule of charcoal base fungus medicine that obtains to the aforesaid. Specifically, the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles are subpackaged by weight, each 40 kg or 50 kg of the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles are packaged into one bag, and then the bag is sealed by a sealing machine.
For the convenience of understanding, the method for preparing the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes by using the system is described in detail below. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the method includes:
s100: supplying the agriculture and forestry biomass into a pretreatment device for pretreatment
In the step, the agriculture and forestry biomass is supplied to a pretreatment device for pretreatment, and biomass particles are obtained. Specifically, the agriculture and forestry biomass in the application refers to wastes generated in agriculture and forestry production and processing processes, such as crop straws, dead branches, rice hulls, peanut shells, wood processing leftovers and the like, the pretreatment process can be steps in the prior art, such as crushing, drying and the like, namely the pretreatment device can comprise devices for drying, crushing and the like which are connected in sequence, and the agriculture and forestry biomass raw materials are crushed to about 6mm after the pretreatment.
S200: feeding biomass particles into a fast pyrolysis device for pyrolysis treatment
In the step, the obtained biomass particles are supplied to a fast pyrolysis device for pyrolysis treatment, so as to obtain biochar and high-temperature oil gas. According to the utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, this fast pyrolysis device is for having the descending bed reactor of heat accumulation formula radiant tube, supplies with the fuel burning in to heat accumulation formula radiant tube promptly, and heat accumulation formula radiant tube uses thermal radiation's form to provide the heat source of pyrolysis for the heat supply in the reactor, and the pyrolysis treatment in-process temperature is 500 ~ 950 degrees centigrade, preferred 700 degrees centigrade, and the pyrolysis time is 6 ~ 9 seconds.
Specifically, under the anoxic or low-oxygen condition, the stable and highly aromatic substance generated by high-temperature pyrolysis of the agriculture and forestry biomass is the biochar which mainly comprises elements such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and the like, wherein the carbon content is more than 60%, and the biochar has physical and chemical properties, so that the application prospect in agriculture is wide: the porosity can improve the pore density of the soil, enhance the water retention capacity of the soil and improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer; the alkalinity can adjust the pH value of the soil and improve the acid soil; the organic fertilizer can increase the organic matter content of soil; the adsorbability is realized, the water retention capacity of the soil is enhanced, the nutrient utilization rate is improved, and heavy metals in the polluted soil are adsorbed; the heat preservation performance and the temperature regulation capability of the soil can be improved. Meanwhile, the biochar can provide a inhabitation place for microorganisms while conditioning the physical and chemical properties of the soil, is beneficial to the propagation of the microorganisms, and improves the activity, abundance, community structure diversity and functional diversity of the microorganisms in the soil. Microorganisms are important participants in soil biochemical processes and play an important role in the development of soil fertility. Meanwhile, the biochar has the advantages of wide raw material preparation range and low cost, and is beneficial to realizing the resource utilization of solid wastes.
S300: supplying high-temperature oil gas to an oil-gas separation device for oil-gas separation treatment
In the step, the obtained high-temperature oil gas is supplied to an oil-gas separation device for oil-gas separation treatment to obtain a pyrolysis gas and oil-water mixture, and the generated pyrolysis gas is supplied to a heat accumulating type radiant tube on a rapid pyrolysis device to be used as fuel. Specifically, cooling water and high-temperature oil gas are in reverse contact for heat exchange, separation of pyrolysis gas is achieved, and an oil-water mixture is obtained.
S400: feeding the oil-water mixture into an oil-water separator for separation
In the step, the obtained oil-water mixture is supplied to an oil-water separation device for separation treatment, so that bio-oil and wood vinegar stock solution are obtained. Specifically, the oil-water separation device can be a standing device, namely, an oil-water mixture is subjected to standing treatment, and the separation of the bio-oil and the wood vinegar stock solution can be realized according to different densities of components in the oil-water mixture.
S500: supplying wood vinegar stock solution to a purification device for purification treatment
In this step, the wood vinegar stock solution obtained above is supplied to a purification apparatus to be purified, thereby obtaining wood vinegar solution. Specifically, the wood vinegar stock solution prepared by pyrolyzing biomass contains tar. The purification device can be a distillation device, for example, a normal pressure distillation method is adopted, low boiling point component acids and water in the wood vinegar stock solution are distilled out in the distillation process, then high boiling point components such as phenols and the like are distilled out, tar colored harmful substances with relatively large molecular weight and complex structure in the vinegar solution are removed through repeated distillation of the distilled fraction, and the solution with the residual color changed from reddish brown to light yellow is the wood vinegar solution obtained after purification. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the wood vinegar has a pH of 2 to 4, is a mixture mainly containing acid, contains various substances such as alcohol, phenol, ketone and derivatives thereof, has effects of killing insects, sterilizing, disinfecting soil, promoting plant growth, and can be applied to soil to prevent and treat soil diseases such as nematode and bacterial wilt.
S600: supplying the biochar into a cooling and crushing device for treatment
In this step, the charcoal obtained in step S200 is supplied to a cooling and pulverizing apparatus and processed to obtain cooled charcoal powder. Specifically, the biochar is cooled, crushed and sieved to obtain 80-mesh biochar powder, and specific conditions for cooling and crushing the biochar are not particularly limited as long as 80-mesh biochar powder can be obtained.
S700: feeding the cooled charcoal powder, wood vinegar, microbial strains, abamectin and carrier fertilizer into a mixing device for mixing
In the step, the cooled charcoal powder, the wood vinegar liquid, the microbial strain, the abamectin and the carrier fertilizer are supplied to a mixing device to be mixed, and a mixed material is obtained. The inventor finds that the microbial strain is at least one selected from bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and antibacterial substances secreted by the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis play a role in inhibiting nematodes; the abamectin is abamectin B2a, which can destroy the activity of nematodes, make them lose mobility and obviously reduce the number of root nematodes; can inhibit hatching of eggs, inhibit movement activity, and reduce invasion rate; the carrier fertilizer is humic acid and inorganic nutrient, wherein the humic acid refers to agricultural organic wastes (straws, sawdust, bagasse and the like) which are completely fermented, besides the most active fulvic acid, the carrier fertilizer also contains a certain amount of amino acid and various other physiologically active components, and the inorganic nutrient is NPK macroelement, so that biochar generated by pyrolysis, microbial strains, abamectin, carrier fertilizer and wood vinegar are mixed and granulated to produce the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer, not only is the straw returning of the agriculture and forestry biomass realized to increase soil organic matters and adjust the imbalance of the ratio of carbon to nitrogen of the soil, but also the adsorption performance of the biochar is utilized to realize the slow release of chemical fertilizer nutrient, simultaneously the beneficial microbial flora of the soil is supplemented, the soil fertility is cultivated while the crop yield is improved, the root-knot nematode prevention and sterilization effects can be effectively realized, and the problem that the ideal prevention and control effects can not be achieved after the pesticide is applied after the crop yield is improved, The fertilizer can reduce the value and yield of vegetable crops, meet the requirements of base fertilizer, and can simultaneously complete the effects of fertilizing and preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes by applying the pesticide fertilizer once, thereby improving the yield of agricultural products and reducing the labor capacity of vegetable growers. Compared with the traditional fertilizer, the production process of the product has no dust pollution, meanwhile, the product can be used in each growth period of vegetable crops, and after the product is used, other common nematocides are not needed to be used for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes. In addition, the pesticide product is used twice compared with the thread killer and the fertilizer, so that the cost of a set of packing materials and the thread killer auxiliary agent is saved, and the use cost cannot be increased due to the use of the pesticide fertilizer.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cooling charcoal powder, the wood vinegar, the microbial strain, the avermectin and the carrier fertilizer are (20-30) by mass: (1-2): (0.1-5): (0.5-2): (25-45) mixing. The inventor finds that the mass ratio of the biochar to the carrier fertilizer is up to 90%, the adding amount of the biochar is too small, the adding amount of the carrier fertilizer is correspondingly increased, the soil improvement effect is weakened, and if the adding amount of the biochar is too large, the carrier fertilizer is correspondingly reduced, and the fertilizer effect is reduced; the addition of excess wood vinegar causes the pH value of the bacterial manure to be slightly acidic, the addition amount of wood vinegar is small, and the nematode prevention and control effect is weakened; the addition amount of the microbial strains is calculated according to the standard of 0.2 hundred million-10 hundred million/g, the microorganisms can automatically propagate in the soil, the propagation speed is slow when the addition amount is too small, and the excessive integral cost is too high; the recommended dose of the 1 percent avermectin sustained-release granule is 3.75 g.m-2Calculating the addition amount, adding excessive amount, making the final residue not meet the residue requirement, adding too little,the effect of preventing and controlling the nematode is obviously weakened. Therefore, by adopting the mixing proportion, the effect of preventing and controlling the nematodes can be improved while the fertilizer efficiency of the pesticide fertilizer is improved.
S800: feeding the mixed material into a granulating device for granulation
In the step, the obtained mixed material is supplied to a granulating device for granulation, and the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is obtained. Specifically, the granulating device is a disc granulator, and the diameter of the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is controlled to be 4-6 mm.
According to the embodiment of the utility model, the method for preparing the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes supplies agriculture and forestry biomass to a fast pyrolysis device for pyrolysis treatment, the wood vinegar stock solution obtained after oil-gas separation and oil-water separation of the obtained high-temperature oil gas is subjected to purification treatment continuously, the obtained wood vinegar solution is mixed with biochar and microbial strains, abamectin inlet and carrier fertilizer obtained in the pyrolysis process for granulation, wherein the biochar not only can increase the content of organic matters in soil and play a role in slow release of nutrients, but also has positive effects on repairing heavy metal pollution in soil and solving soil hardening, and meanwhile, the biochar in the application is prepared by taking the agriculture and forestry biomass as a raw material, thereby not only realizing the resource utilization of the agriculture and forestry biomass, but also obviously reducing the raw material cost of the charcoal-based bacterial fertilizer, and the activity of nematodes can be destroyed by abamectin, the wood vinegar liquid contains a mixture of various substances such as alcohol, phenol, ketone and derivatives thereof, is applied to soil to prevent and treat soil diseases such as nematode and bacterial wilt, the carrier fertilizer can provide amino acid and various other physiological active components, the microbial strains can secrete antibacterial substances and can play a role in inhibiting the nematode, so that biochar generated by pyrolysis, the microbial strains, abamectin, carrier fertilizer and the wood vinegar liquid are mixed and granulated together to produce the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer, the straw returning of agriculture and forestry biomass is realized, soil organic matters are increased, the imbalance of the carbon and nitrogen ratio of soil is adjusted, the slow release of chemical fertilizer nutrients is realized by utilizing the adsorption performance of the biochar, and beneficial microbial floras of the soil are supplemented, the fertilizer can improve the crop yield, cultivate the soil fertility, effectively prevent and control the root-knot nematodes and sterilize, avoid that the pesticide application can not achieve the ideal prevention and control effect after the disease occurs, cause the value reduction and yield reduction of vegetable crops, and meet the requirements of base fertilizers. Compared with the traditional fertilizer, the production process of the product has no dust pollution, meanwhile, the product can be used in each growth period of vegetable crops, and after the product is used, other common nematocides are not needed to be used for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes. In addition, the pesticide product is used twice compared with the thread killer and the fertilizer, so that the cost of a set of packing materials and the thread killer auxiliary agent is saved, and the use cost cannot be increased due to the use of the pesticide fertilizer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 5, the method further includes:
s900: supplying the bio-oil obtained in step S400 to a power generation device for fuel power generation
In this step, the bio-oil obtained as described above is supplied to a power generation device and burned as a fuel to generate power, thereby not only realizing resource utilization of agricultural and forestry biomass, but also reducing power generation cost. Specifically, the power generation device is an oil-fired boiler steam turbine.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the method further includes:
s1000: the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer obtained in the step S800 is supplied to a drying device for drying
In this step, the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer obtained in step S800 is supplied to a drying device and dried to obtain a dried carbon-based bacterial fertilizer. According to the utility model discloses a concrete embodiment, drying device is the blast drying stove, and it utilizes the natural wind blast air to carry out the drying, and the export wind speed is 30 ~ 40m/s, and the amount of wind is 30 ~ 50m3And/s, the drying time is 30-60 min. Specifically, the water content of the obtained dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is 12-15% (mass content).
S1100: supplying the dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer to a screening device for screening treatment
In the step, the obtained dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer is supplied to a screening device for screening treatment, so that carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles are obtained. Specifically, the diameter of the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles obtained through screening is 4-6 mm.
S1200: the carbon-based bacterial manure particles are supplied to a packaging device for packaging
In the step, specifically, the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles are subpackaged by weight, each 40 kg or 50 kg of the obtained carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles are packaged into one bag, and then the bag is sealed by a sealing machine.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A system for preparing a carbon-based bacterial pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes is characterized by comprising:
a pretreatment device having an agriculture and forestry biomass inlet and a biomass particle outlet;
the fast pyrolysis device is provided with a biomass particle inlet, a biochar outlet and a high-temperature oil gas outlet, and the biomass particle inlet is connected with the biomass particle outlet;
the oil-gas separation device is provided with a high-temperature oil-gas inlet, a pyrolysis gas outlet and an oil-water mixture outlet, and the high-temperature oil-gas inlet is connected with the high-temperature oil-gas outlet;
the oil-water separation device is provided with an oil-water mixture inlet, a biological oil outlet and a wood vinegar stock solution outlet, and the oil-water mixture inlet is connected with the oil-water mixture outlet;
the purification device is provided with a wood vinegar stock solution inlet and a wood vinegar stock solution outlet, and the wood vinegar stock solution inlet is connected with the wood vinegar stock solution outlet;
the cooling and crushing device is provided with a biochar inlet and a cooled biochar powder outlet, and the biochar inlet is connected with the biochar outlet;
the mixing device is provided with a microbial strain inlet, an abamectin inlet, a carrier fertilizer inlet, a cooled charcoal powder inlet, a pyroligneous liquor inlet and a mixed material outlet, wherein the cooled charcoal powder inlet is connected with the cooled charcoal powder outlet, and the pyroligneous liquor inlet is connected with the pyroligneous liquor outlet;
the granulating device is provided with a mixed material inlet and a carbon-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer outlet, and the mixed material inlet is connected with the mixed material outlet.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein said pyrolysis apparatus is a downer reactor having regenerative radiant tubes, said pyrolysis gas outlet being connected to said regenerative radiant tubes.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising: and the power generation device is connected with the bio-oil outlet.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
the drying device is provided with a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet and a dried carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet, and the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet is connected with the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet;
the screening device is provided with a dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet and a carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particle outlet, and the dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer inlet is connected with the dry carbon-based bacterial fertilizer outlet;
and the packaging device is connected with the outlet of the carbon-based bacterial fertilizer particles.
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| CN110577434A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-17 | 湖南诺亚农业科技发展有限公司 | System and method for preparing charcoal-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110577434A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-17 | 湖南诺亚农业科技发展有限公司 | System and method for preparing charcoal-based bacterium pesticide fertilizer for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes |
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