CN109879447A - The construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem - Google Patents
The construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem Download PDFInfo
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- CN109879447A CN109879447A CN201910224646.0A CN201910224646A CN109879447A CN 109879447 A CN109879447 A CN 109879447A CN 201910224646 A CN201910224646 A CN 201910224646A CN 109879447 A CN109879447 A CN 109879447A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to Water Environmental Pollution Control fields to provide a kind of construction method of Water in landscape lake ecosystem for the low problem of the self-purification capacity of landscape lake, comprising the following steps: microorganism and zooplankter S1, lake water pretreatment: are put into lake water；S2, aquatic plant system building: planting aquatic plants；S3, the building of aquatic animal system: after the completion of water plant planting, aquatic animal is launched into lake water；S4, later maintenance: periodically harvesting water plant and fishing aquatic animal.Microorganism and zooplankter are added in lake water by elder generation, microorganism adsorption simultaneously decomposes the organic substance in lake water, advantageously reduce the nutriments such as ammonia, nitrogen, the phosphorus in water, so that water transparency improves, zooplankter is conducive to decompose the blue-green alge in lake water, be conducive to provide better environment for the growth of water plant, be conducive to the survival rate for improving water plant, so that the self-repairing capability of water body and the enhancing of self detergent power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Water Environmental Pollution Control field, more specifically, it relates to a kind of Water in landscape lake ecosystem
Construction method.
Background technique
Landscape lake is usually man-made lake, is that people are planned, a kind of lake for purposefully excavating, is non-natural environment
Lower generation.Landscape lake provides suitable landscape breath for city, is conducive to improve urban environment quality.
But landscape lake inevitably will receive the challenge of various pollution factors, mainly as an opening system
Including following aspect: 1, atmosphere dried wet deposition: atmosphere pollution is on the rise, and the nutriment in atmosphere can be with depositing dust and rainfall
It into lake, is dissolved so that nutrient COD, nitrogen, phosphorus etc. be brought into water, influences the water quality of landscape lake；2, rainwater earth's surface diameter
Stream: rainwater easy dust and pollutant with air in descent mixes, and rainwater is in road surface, roof, greenery patches, Gou Po
The pollutants such as various dust, impurity, rubbish, oils have been merged during washing away Deng place trickling, along earth's surface after rainwater catchment
Runoff imports lake water, is also easy to carry the pollutants such as the rubbish of roadside deposition in landscape lake；3, the influence of surrounding enviroment: week
Afforestation pesticide, the fertilizer of surrounding environment, which import, and the various activities such as nearby residents, restaurant are likely to cause water body
Pollution, so that lake water water quality is affected；4, endogenous pollution: the residual corpse of aquatic animal excrement and animals and plants in lake water decomposes
Afterwards, organic matter enters water body, is easy to impact lake water water quality；5, natural cause: landscape lake poor, water with water body flow
The characteristics of domain area is small, easy to pollute, environmental capacity of water is small, water body self-purification ability is low or lacks purification function, if without
Ecological purification measure is implemented in manual intervention, easily causes the suspended matter in water system to increase, turbidity increases, general bacterium and large intestine bar
Bacterial content increases, algal bloom, eventually leads to water body and blacks phenomena such as smelly.Therefore, Ecology is constructed in landscape lake
System enhances the self-repairing capability of landscape lake water body to repair, so that the harmonious simultaneously sustainable development of Water in landscape lake environment is extremely
It is important.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of building of Water in landscape lake ecosystem
The advantages of method has the self-repairing capability of enhancing landscape lake, maintains the water quality of landscape lake.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that
A kind of construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem, comprising the following steps:
S1, lake water pretreatment: it is put into bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria in lake water
It is one or more, the input amount of microorganism is 50kg-200kg/ mu/time, and the dispensing frequency of microorganism is monthly 2-3 times, throwing
It puts 3-6 months；Meanwhile zooplankter is put into lake water, the input amount of zooplankter is 30-60L/ mu/time, zooplankter
Launching frequency is monthly 1-2 times, is launched 1-2 months；
S2, aquatic plant system building: being divided into phytal zone and profundal zone by depth of water depth for lake water, to microorganism and
After zooplankter puts into 15-30 days, planting submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant are planted in phytal zone, are planted heavy water in profundal zone and are planted
Object；
S3, the building of aquatic animal system: after the completion of water plant planting, filter-feeding fish is launched into lake water, wait plant
When object coverage rate reaches 40%-50%, then predacious fish is launched into lake water, the injected volume of filter-feeding fish is 50kg-80kg/
Mu, the injected volume of predacious fish are 25kg-50kg/ mus；
S4, later maintenance: periodically harvesting water plant and fishing aquatic animal.
By adopting the above technical scheme, microorganism and zooplankter are added in lake water by elder generation to locate lake water in advance
Reason, zooplankter can be dinoflagellate, cladocera, angle dinoflagellate, infusorian and sarcodina etc., and microorganism adsorption simultaneously decomposes in lake water
Organic substance, advantageously reduce the nutriments such as ammonia, nitrogen, the phosphorus in water, so that water transparency improves, zooplankter is advantageous
It is decomposed in the blue-green alge in lake water, to be conducive to provide better environment for the growth of water plant, is conducive to add
The speed of growth of fast water plant, while being conducive to improve the survival rate of water plant.
By in profundal zone kind planting submerged plant, kind planting submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant in phytal zone, generally heavy water plant
The dirt-removing power of object is stronger, and the landscape effect of emergent aquactic plant is stronger, by working in coordination for submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant,
Be conducive to the landscape effect for being conducive to enhance landscape lake while improving water body purification effect, so that urban environment quality is higher.
After the completion of water plant planting, filter-feeding fish is launched into lake water by elder generation, filter-feeding fish is in water body
Algae and zooplankter be food, be conducive to remove water body in algae so that algae be not easy breeding outburst, meanwhile, favorably
In inhibit zooplankter breeding so that the quantity of zooplankter maintains certain equilibrium state, it is not easy to excessively fast passage and
Cause the ecosystem unbalance.
When rate of vegetation reaches 40%-50%, by putting into flesh-eater, be conducive to remove the part filter in water body
Feeding habits animal reduces filter feeder and is easy with aquatic so that keeping certain balance between filter feeder and water plant
Plant is food, so that the case where clean-up effect of water plant is destroyed.
By the regular harvesting water plant and fishing aquatic animal in later period, be conducive to carry out the nutriment in water
Transfer, so that self purification function of water body is more lasting.
By the interaction between water plant, aquatic animal and microorganism, the stable ecosystem is formed, is conducive to
The self-regeneration and detergent power for improving water body, so that the water of landscape lake is not readily susceptible to pollute: water plant is absorbing bed mud
While with the nutriment in water body and decomposition nutrition matter, oxygen is also released for microorganism and the logical breathing of animal；It is aquatic
Plant also provides better living environment for microorganism and aquatic animal, and the microorganism with decomposing organic matter function adheres to
On water plant, be conducive to the survival rate for improving microorganism, aquatic sunshade can also be used in aquatic animal；Microorganism decomposition is aquatic
The corpse and remains of plant and aquatic animal, and harmful polluter is absorbed and converted, it advantageously reduces by aquatic
Biological bring secondary pollution of water.
The present invention is further arranged to: the submerged plant includes thorn eel grass, p.malaianus, comb tooth bog pondweed, Honoka
Watermifoil, short life, which are resisted cold, eel grass, big najas marina and one of takes turns her algae or a variety of, and the emergent aquactic plant includes thaliadeabata, water
One of raw canna, mullet grass, water arum, reed and papyrus are a variety of.
By adopting the above technical scheme, the above water plant after harvesting can automatic growth, to advantageously reduce the later period
The cost of maintenance so that water plant no longer needs to plant again after periodically gathering in, be conducive to water body persistently keep it is good self
Repair the ability with self purification；Meanwhile by test of many times, being worked in coordination using the water plant of the above kind, it is aquatic to be formed
Botanical system is conducive to the stability for improving aquatic ecosystem, is conducive to the balance for maintaining aquatic ecosystem, so that Water in landscape lake
The self-repairing capability of body and self detergent power are stronger.
The present invention is further arranged to: the aquatic plant system further includes floatingleaved plant.
By adopting the above technical scheme, floatingleaved plant has good appreciation effect, includes floating leaf by aquatic plant system
Plant is conducive to the landscape effect for enhancing landscape lake, so that urban environment quality is higher.In the present invention, floatingleaved plant can be with
It draws, wander without a fixed dwelling for Yu Lian, water lily, Lan Lianhua, Bai Xianzi, Haier's cottonrose hibiscus, Colorado etc..
The present invention is further arranged to: depth of water depth divides phytal zone into for 1m-1.5m's (containing 1.5m), and depth of water depth is
1.5m-3m's (be free of 1.5m) divides profundal zone into, along landscape lake lake surface horizontal direction from bank to lake center in ring-band shape according to
It is secondary to be divided into phytal zone one, phytal zone two, phytal zone three, profundal zone one and profundal zone two.
By adopting the above technical scheme, by each growing area along landscape lake lake surface horizontal direction from bank to lake center be in ring
Band-like division, so that the shape of growing area is more suitable for the flat shape of landscape lake, to be conducive to improve the ornamental effect of landscape lake
Fruit, so that urban environment quality is higher；Meanwhile being conducive to maintain the balance between water plant, so that the space of water plant
It is more reasonable to be distributed, it is not easy to and it is crowded mutually, it competes with one another for, is conducive to water plant and preferably grows.
The present invention is further arranged to: floatingleaved plant, the phytal zone two and phytal zone are planted in the phytal zone one
At least kind has short life resist cold eel grass in three, and the cultivated area of the cold-resistant eel grass of the short life is no less than phytal zone two and phytal zone
Three gross area 80%, spinosity eel grass, and the plantation of the thorn eel grass are at least planted in 2nd area of the profundal zone one and deep water
Area is no less than the 80% of the gross area of profundal zone one and profundal zone two.
By adopting the above technical scheme, since phytal zone one is near bank, by planting floatingleaved plant in phytal zone one,
Floatingleaved plant has good landscape effect, to be conducive to enhance the landscape effect of landscape lake, so that urban environment quality is more
It is high；By the way that plantation is no less than the 80% of Lake level change in phytal zone two, phytal zone three and profundal zone one, the profundal zone two respectively
The cold-resistant eel grass of short life and thorn eel grass, the cold-resistant eel grass of short life and thorn eel grass are required to take root could grow in bed mud, thus
It is not easy excessive multiplication and influences other plant, is conducive to the water plant harmony symbiosis in lake water, is conducive to remain aquatic
The balance of state system.
The present invention is further arranged to: the phytal zone one, phytal zone two, phytal zone three, profundal zone one and profundal zone
Water plant in two at least plants two different types.
By adopting the above technical scheme, by least planting two different kinds of water plant in growing area, so that not
Congener water plant is worked in coordination, and is conducive to make up defect existing for single water plant, so that the purification of water plant
The ability of water body is stronger, to be conducive to enhance the self-regeneration and self detergent power of water body.
The present invention is further arranged to: in the building process of aquatic plant system, first planting planting submerged plant, water to be sunk is planted
After the coverage rate of object reaches 15%-20%, then plant emergent aquactic plant and floatingleaved plant.
By adopting the above technical scheme, since the stain resistance of submerged plant and dirt-removing power are stronger, by first planting
Submerged plant, being conducive to water body environment is relatively rapidly improved, so that the self-regeneration of water body and self detergent power are more
It tends towards stability fastly, after the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 15%-20%, water body environment generally has reached more stable shape
State, then emergent aquactic plant and floatingleaved plant are planted, be conducive to the survival rate for improving emergent aquactic plant and floatingleaved plant, so that emergent aquactic plant
Grow more preferably with floatingleaved plant.
The present invention is further arranged to: the aquatic animal system further includes shrimps, shellfish and snail, the shrimps,
The input amount of shellfish and snail is 30kg-50kg/ mus.
By adopting the above technical scheme, bank fallen leaves, the organic debris of the formation such as water plant and the excrement of aquatic animal in lake,
Corpse etc. forms organic substance landscape water body easy to pollute, and by the way that shrimps are added, shrimps can ingest organic debris, to play net
Change the effect of water quality；Shellfish and snail are generally survived in bed mud, and are food with the organic matter to rot in bed mud, thus favorably
In lowering the nutrition content in bed mud, so that the endogenous pollution of lake water reduces, and then be conducive to improve water body self-regeneration
With the ability of self purification；In addition, by water formed algae → zooplankter → filter-feeding fish → predacious fish with
And the biological chain of organic debris, rot organic matter → shrimps, snail, shellfish → predacious fish etc., be conducive to maintain landscape lake
In aquatic ecosystem balance.
The present invention is further arranged to: the filter-feeding fish includes one of silver carp, bighead or a variety of, the meat
Property fish include one of perch, mandarin fish, snakehead, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, silver xenocypris fish, black carp or a variety of.
The present invention is further arranged to: in the aquatic animal system, the shrimps include freshwater shrimp, rice shrimp, the shellfish
For scallop, the snail includes Bellamya purificate, Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve.
By adopting the above technical scheme, repeatedly practiced and tested, using the fish of the above kind, shrimps, shellfish and
Snail works in coordination to form the aquatic animal ecosystem, is conducive to the balance for maintaining aquatic animal system, so that aquatic animal is
The stability of system improves, and then is conducive to improve the stability of aquatic ecosystem, so that the self-regeneration of water body and self is net
The enhancing of change ability.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
1. microorganism adsorption simultaneously divides by the way that first addition microorganism and zooplankter pre-process lake water in lake water
The organic substance in lake water is solved, the nutriments such as ammonia, nitrogen, the phosphorus in water are advantageously reduced, so that water transparency improves, is swum
Animal is conducive to decompose the blue-green alge in lake water, is conducive to provide better environment for the growth of water plant, favorably
In the survival rate for improving water plant, so that the self-repairing capability of water body and the enhancing of self detergent power；
2. by profundal zone kind planting submerged plant, kind planting submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant in phytal zone pass through heavy water
Plant and emergent aquactic plant are worked in coordination, and the landscape for being conducive to enhance landscape lake while improving water body purification effect effect is conducive to
Fruit；
3. launching filter-feeding fish into lake water by elder generation, filter-feeding fish is with water body after the completion of water plant planting
In algae and zooplankter be food, be conducive to remove the algae in water body, be conducive to the breeding for inhibiting zooplankter, so that floating
The quantity of travelling object maintains certain equilibrium state, carnivorous dynamic by putting into when rate of vegetation reaches 40%-50%
Object is conducive to remove the part filter feeder in water body, puts down so that keeping certain between filter feeder and water plant
Weighing apparatus reduces filter feeder and is easy with water plant to be food, so that the case where clean-up effect of water plant is destroyed；
4. by the regular harvesting water plant in later period and fishing aquatic animal, be conducive to the nutriment in water into
Row transfer, so that self purification function of water body is more lasting.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the growing area distribution schematic diagram of aquatic plant system in the present invention.
In figure: 1, phytal zone one；2, phytal zone two；3, phytal zone three；4, profundal zone one；5, profundal zone two.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The village Shuan Gang is located at the Baiyun District, Guangzhou City Zhenjiang the Jiang Gao village riverside Liu Xi north, and Xin Guanghua highway passes through village and mistake.Double hilllocks
There is a large-scale geomantic omen pool in village, about 9 mu of geomantic omen pool surface product, the depth of water about 1.3m, remaining mud thickness about 80cm, total Water is about
8000m3, a beautiful landscape is belonged in village, has extraordinary status to the entire water environment in village.But due to
Rainwash can bring the dirt in earth's surface in water body into, and the blowdown of peripheral portion resident is but also sludge siltation volume in the pool
It is increasing, and pollutant is continually discharged into water body, the geomantic omen pool is almost without flowing, also without water circulation system, increasing
The facilities such as oxygen belong to " stagnant water ", only difficult by the self-purification capacity of water body in lake if implementing ecological purification measure without manual intervention
To maintain good water quality condition.Therefore, by taking Guangzhou is the village the Shuan Gang geomantic omen pool as an example, landscape lake is realized using method of the invention
The building of aquatic ecosystem is specific as follows to maintain its water quality:
A kind of construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem, comprising the following steps:
S1, lake water pretreatment, specific as follows:
Investment nitrification coccus 225kg, bacillus thuringiensis 225kg and cladocera 30L into water body, so that at the beginning of lake water
Walk transparence.
S2, the building of the water plant ecosystem, specific as follows:
It after 15 days, is planted in lake water aquatic in nitrification coccus, bacillus thuringiensis and cladocera investment lake water
Plant.And phytal zone and profundal zone are divided by depth of water depth to lake water, depth of water depth is that dividing into for 1m-1.5m (containing 1.5m) is shallow
Pool, depth of water depth divide profundal zone into for 1.5m-3m's (being free of 1.5m).
The cold-resistant eel grass of the short life of mixed planting and p.malaianus in phytal zone, and in phytal zone close to the position kind on bank
Water lily and white fairy maiden are planted, the cultivated area of the cold-resistant eel grass of short life accounts for the 75% of phytal zone area, the growing surface of p.malaianus
Product accounts for the 10% of phytal zone area, and the planting density of the cold-resistant withered grass of short life is 200 plants/m2, the planting density of p.malaianus is
100 plants/m2, the planting density of water lily is 4 plants/m2, the planting density of Bai Xianzi is 6 plants/m2, short life resist cold eel grass, Malaysia eye
All in accordance with needing to design, specific design will not produce this programme for dish, the planting location of water lily and white fairy maiden in phytal zone
Raw substantive influence；Mixed planting comb tooth bog pondweed and thorn eel grass, thorn eel grass account for the 75% of profundal zone area in profundal zone,
The planting density for piercing eel grass and comb tooth bog pondweed is 100 plants/m2, the plantation position of comb tooth bog pondweed and thorn eel grass in profundal zone
It sets all in accordance with needing to design, specific design will not generate substantive influence to this programme.
S3, the building of aquatic animal system, specific as follows:
After the completion of water plant planting, the silver carp of 360kg and the bighead of 360kg are launched into lake water.
In addition the nitrosation unit cell of the denitrification Halomonas of 500kg, the bacillus subtilis of 600kg, 700kg are launched again
The cladocera of bacterium and 60L.
Hereafter, monthly launched into lake water the denitrification Halomonas of 2 375kg, the nitrification coccus of 300kg and
The bacillus subtilis of 450kg, and adhere to launching 2 months again.
When the coverage rate of water plant reaches 40%, then launch into lake water the perch of 75kg, 70kg mandarin fish and
The black carp of 80kg.
S4, later maintenance, specific as follows:
Water plant in 2 lake water of harvesting every year, and the fish in 1 lake water, the fish that fishing is got up are caught every year
Class is freeed, then new fish are fed in lake water again.
Embodiment 2
The park Lu Hu is located at Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Scenic Spot, and the water surface area of the main lake body landscape lake in the park Lu Hu is about 290
Mu, the depth of water depth of shallow water area are 1m, and the depth of water depth of deepwater regions is 6m, and mud bosom is up to 2m.Water quality jaundice, energy
Degree of opinion is less than 20cm.Waters is big, mud is thick, and water body flow is poor, if implementing ecological purification measure without manual intervention, only
The self-purification capacity of water body is difficult to maintain good water quality condition in lake.Therefore, it by taking the main lake body of foot of a hill or mountain lake park landscape as an example, uses
The building of the method realization Water in landscape lake ecosystem of the invention is specific as follows to maintain its water quality:
A kind of construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem, comprising the following steps:
S1, lake water pretreatment, specific as follows:
S11, water quality situation investigation: the water quality in the main lake of park landscape of foot of a hill or mountain lake is IV class water quality, and water quality has been turned to be yellow at present, energy
Degree of opinion is less than 20cm.Guangzhou belongs to south subtropics and monsoon climatic region, and monsoon circulation is prevailing, and heat is abundant, abundant rainfall, frost
Snow is rare, makes a clear distinction between the four seasons, more heavy rains between spring and summer, more typhoons between summer and autumn.Average temperature of the whole year is 21.8 DEG C, 7 monthly mean temperatures
28.4 DEG C, 38.1 DEG C of Extreme Maximum Temperature.1 13.3 DEG C of monthly mean temperature, extreme low temperature are 0 DEG C.Frost-free period up to 345 days, every year
For rainfall between 1623.6-1899.8mm, April to September rainfall accounts for 82.1%.
S12, lake water processing: denitrification monad 7500kg, bacillus subtilis 7000kg, Su Yunjin are put into lake water
Bacillus 7500kg, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 7000kg and cladocera 60L, the above strain are often separated by repetition in 10 days and launch one
It is secondary, it monthly launches 3 times, and adhere to launching 6 months；Cladocera is often separated by repetition in 15 days and launches primary, monthly dispensing 2 times, and hard
Dispensing 2 months is held, so that the preliminary transparence of lake water.
S2, aquatic plant system building, specific as follows:
In the above strain and cladocera investment lake water after 30 days, the planting aquatic plants in lake water, and lake water is pressed
Depth of water depth is divided into phytal zone and profundal zone, and depth of water depth divides phytal zone into for 1m-1.5m's (containing 1.5m), and depth of water depth is
1.5m-3m's (being free of 1.5m) divides profundal zone into.In addition, along landscape lake lake surface horizontal direction from bank to lake center be in annulus
Shape divides planting area: phytal zone 1, phytal zone 22, phytal zone 33, profundal zone 1 and profundal zone 25.Phytal zone 1
Area be the 10% of landscape lake area, the area of phytal zone 22 is the 20% of landscape lake area, and the area of phytal zone 33 is
The 25% of landscape lake area, the area of profundal zone 1 are the 25% of landscape lake area, and the area of profundal zone 25 is landscape lake surface
Long-pending 20%.
First the short life of mixed planting is resisted cold eel grass, big najas marina and comb tooth bog pondweed in phytal zone 22, and short life is resisted cold eel grass
Cultivated area be phytal zone 22 area 85%, short life resist cold eel grass planting density be 200 plants/m2, the kind of big najas marina
Density in planting is 40 plants/m2, the planting density of comb tooth bog pondweed is 100 plants/m2, short life resists cold eel grass, big najas marina and comb tooth eye
For planting location of the dish in phytal zone 22 all in accordance with needing to design, specific design will not generate substantive shadow to this programme
It rings；The short life of mixed planting, which is resisted cold, in phytal zone 33 eel grass and takes turns her algae, and the resist cold cultivated area of eel grass of short life is phytal zone
The planting density of the 80% of 33 area, the cold-resistant eel grass of short life is 160 plants/m2, the planting density for taking turns her algae is 40 plants/m2, short
Raw cold-resistant eel grass, the planting location of big najas marina and comb tooth bog pondweed in phytal zone 33 are specifically set all in accordance with needing to design
Meter will not generate substantive influence to this programme；Mixed planting thorn eel grass, p.malaianus and Honoka in profundal zone 1
Watermifoil, pierce eel grass cultivated area be profundal zone 1 area 90%, pierce eel grass planting density be 100 plants/m2, horse
The planting density for carrying out bog pondweed is 100 plants/m2, the planting density of Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum is 50 plants/m2, thorn eel grass, p.malaianus with
And planting location of the Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum in profundal zone 1, all in accordance with needing to design, specific design will not generate this programme
Substantive influence；Mixed planting thorn eel grass, comb tooth bog pondweed and p.malaianus, pierce the kind of eel grass in profundal zone 25
The 85% of the area that area is profundal zone 25 is planted, the planting density of thorn eel grass, comb tooth bog pondweed and p.malaianus is
100 plants/m2, thorn eel grass, the planting location of comb tooth bog pondweed and p.malaianus in profundal zone 25 are set all in accordance with needs
Meter, specific design will not generate substantive influence to this programme.
Submerged plant growth after first plant is to coverage rate up to after 15%, mixed planting water lily, duckweed in phytal zone 1
Fluffy, Colorado, water lily are wandered without a fixed dwelling and the planting density of Colorado is 5 plants/m2, water lily wanders without a fixed dwelling and Corolla exists more
For planting location in phytal zone 1 all in accordance with needing to design, specific design will not generate substantive influence to this programme；?
One 4 kinds of profundal zone plant canna glauca, the planting density of canna glauca are 25 plants/m2；The mixed planting water in profundal zone 25
Taro and papyrus, the planting density of water arum are 15 plants/m2, the planting density of papyrus is 25 plants/m2, water arum and papyrus
For planting location in profundal zone 25 all in accordance with needing to design, specific design will not generate substantive influence to this programme.
S3, the building of aquatic animal system, specific as follows:
After the completion of water plant planting, silver carp 11000kg, bighead 12200kg are launched into lake water, meanwhile, to lake water
Middle dispensing 8700kg scallop, 5000kg freshwater shrimp, 3700kg meters of shrimps, 3500kg Bellamya purificate and 5200kg Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve.
When water plant coverage rate reaches 50% in lake water, then into lake water launch 2900kg perch, 2500kg snakehead,
2000kg Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, 2500kg silver xenocypris fish and 4600kg black carp.
S4, later maintenance, specific as follows:
Water plant in 2 lake water of harvesting every year, and the part fish in 1 lake water are caught every year, then by new fish
Class is fed in lake water again.
In conclusion being stablized by the reasonable selection of aquatic animal, water plant and microorganism with cooperating building to be formed
Aquatic ecosystem, by the mutual cooperation between aquatic animal, water plant and microorganism, complementary symbiosis so that
Lake water has certain self-regeneration and self detergent power, is conducive to the stability for maintaining lake water water quality.
Experiment 1
The water before landscape lake is administered is detected according to GB11914-1989 " the measurement dichromate titration of water chemical oxygen demand "
The COD of bodyCrContent (mg/L) and landscape lake administer 1 year after water body CODCrContent (mg/L), and calculate CODCr
Removal rate (%).
Experiment 2
The water before landscape lake is administered is detected according to GB11893-1989 " the measurement ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method of water quality total phosphorus "
The total phosphorus content (mg/L) of water body behind the improvement of total phosphorus content (mg/L) and landscape lake 1 year of body, and calculate the removal of total phosphorus
Rate (%).
Experiment 3
The water before landscape lake is administered is detected according to HJ535-2009 " the measurement Berthelot spectrophotometry of Water quality ammonia nitrogen "
The ammonia-nitrogen content (mg/L) of water body behind the improvement of ammonia-nitrogen content (mg/L) and landscape lake 1 year of body, and calculate the removal of ammonia nitrogen
Rate (%).
Experiment 4
The dissolved oxygen of the water body before landscape lake is administered is detected according to GB7489-1987 " the measurement iodimetric titration of water quality dissolved oxygen "
The dissolved oxygen content (mg/L) of content (mg/L) and the water body after landscape lake improvement 1 year.
The experimental data of each embodiment is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Can be obtained according to the data of table 1, by water plant, aquatic animal and microorganism work in coordination to be formed it is stable
Aquatic system, aquatic animals and plants constantly absorb organic substance and nutritive salt in bed mud and water body, and will have in conjunction with microorganism
Evil substance is converted into innocuous substance, eventually by manually being gathered in and being caught to aquatic animals and plants, by nutrition such as ammonia, nitrogen, phosphorus
Substance removes water body, so that the water quality in landscape lake reaches III class water quality standard of surface water quality.
The embodiment of present embodiment is presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not limits protection of the invention according to this
Range, therefore: the equivalence changes that all structures under this invention, shape, principle are done, should all be covered by protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem, it is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
S1, lake water pretreatment: one in bacillus, nitrobacteria, denitrifying bacteria and photosynthetic bacteria is put into lake water
Kind is a variety of, and the input amount of microorganism is 50kg-200kg/ mu/time, and the dispensing frequency of microorganism is monthly 2-3 times, launches 3-6
A month；Meanwhile zooplankter is put into lake water, the input amount of zooplankter is 30-60L/ mu/time, the dispensing of zooplankter
Frequency is monthly 1-2 times, is launched 1-2 months；
S2, aquatic plant system building: lake water is divided into phytal zone and profundal zone by depth of water depth, to microorganism and is swum
After animal puts into 15-30 days, planting submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant are planted in phytal zone, in profundal zone kind planting submerged plant；
S3, the building of aquatic animal system: after the completion of water plant planting, filter-feeding fish is launched into lake water, is covered to plant
When lid rate reaches 40%-50%, then predacious fish is launched into lake water, the injected volume of filter-feeding fish is 50kg-80kg/ mus, meat
The injected volume of feeding fish is 25kg-50kg/ mus；
S4, later maintenance: periodically harvesting water plant and fishing aquatic animal.
2. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the submerged plant includes
Thorn eel grass, p.malaianus, comb tooth bog pondweed, Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum, short life, which are resisted cold, eel grass, big najas marina and one of takes turns her algae
Or it is a variety of, the emergent aquactic plant include one of thaliadeabata, canna glauca, mullet grass, water arum, reed and papyrus or
It is a variety of.
3. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that: the aquatic plant
Object system further includes floatingleaved plant.
4. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: depth of water depth is 1m-
Divide phytal zone of the 1.5m(containing 1.5m), depth of water depth divides profundal zone into without 1.5m) for 1.5m-3m(, along landscape lake lake surface
Horizontal direction be in turn divided into phytal zone one (1), phytal zone two (2), phytal zone three in ring-band shape from bank to lake center
(3), profundal zone one (4) and profundal zone two (5).
5. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the phytal zone one (1)
Middle plantation floatingleaved plant, at least kind has short life to resist cold eel grass in the phytal zone two (2) and phytal zone three (3), and described short
The cultivated area of raw cold-resistant eel grass is no less than the 80% of the gross area of phytal zone two (2) and phytal zone three (3), the profundal zone
At least plant spinosity eel grass in 2nd area of one (4) and deep water, and the cultivated area of the thorn eel grass be no less than profundal zone one (4) and
The 80% of the gross area of profundal zone two (5).
6. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the phytal zone one (1),
Water plant in phytal zone two (2), phytal zone three (3), profundal zone one (4) and profundal zone two (5) at least plants two kinds
Different types.
7. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: in aquatic plant system
In building process, planting submerged plant is first planted, after the coverage rate of submerged plant reaches 15%-20%, then plants emergent aquactic plant and floating leaf
Plant.
8. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 1 to 2, it is characterized in that: described aquatic dynamic
Object system further includes shrimps, shellfish and snail, and the input amount of the shrimps, shellfish and snail is 30kg-50kg/ mus.
9. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the filter-feeding fish packet
Include one of silver carp, bighead or a variety of, the predacious fish include perch, mandarin fish, snakehead, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, silver xenocypris fish, in black carp
It is one or more.
10. the construction method of the Water in landscape lake ecosystem according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the aquatic animal is
In system, the shrimps include freshwater shrimp, rice shrimp, and the shellfish is scallop, and the snail includes Bellamya purificate, Bellamya Aeruginosa Reeve.
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