CN109828029B - Ultrasonic phased array detection system and method based on original data - Google Patents
Ultrasonic phased array detection system and method based on original data Download PDFInfo
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- CN109828029B CN109828029B CN201910245517.XA CN201910245517A CN109828029B CN 109828029 B CN109828029 B CN 109828029B CN 201910245517 A CN201910245517 A CN 201910245517A CN 109828029 B CN109828029 B CN 109828029B
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultrasonic phased array detection system and method based on original data, which is characterized in that after an ultrasonic echo signal from a measured object is received, the ultrasonic echo signal is directly subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing and beam forming processing to generate original data information, the original data information is directly subjected to imaging processing and is directly stored to be used for source data of subsequent analysis and calculation; therefore, the ultrasonic phased array detection system and the ultrasonic phased array detection method do not perform down-sampling processing in the process of processing the ultrasonic echo signals from the detected object, and directly retain the original ultrasonic echo signal data and perform imaging and storage operations according to the original ultrasonic echo signal data, so that the resolution and definition of images obtained by ultrasonic imaging can be improved to the maximum extent, and the accuracy of ultrasonic phased array detection is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic nondestructive testing, in particular to an ultrasonic phased array testing system and method based on original data.
Background
The structural defects are one of the important indicators for reflecting and assessing the overall condition of the object structure. The defects of the structure have important reference significance corresponding to the research on the physical characteristics of macroscopic objects and microscopic objects. For a macroscopic object, the structural defects can influence the structural stability of the macroscopic object, particularly, the distribution density, the shape and the size of the structural defects can generate important influence on the structural stability of the macroscopic object, the internal structural information of the macroscopic object can be well obtained through qualitative analysis on the structural defects of the macroscopic object, and the macroscopic object especially comprises engineering structures in different forms such as bridges, tunnels or high-rise buildings, and the qualitative analysis on the internal structural defects of the engineering structures can help engineering personnel to determine corresponding maintenance and reinforcement measures so as to effectively prolong the service life of the engineering structures; for a microscopic object, the structural defects can affect the physical properties of the microscopic object, and similarly, the distribution density, shape and size of the structural defects can affect the physical properties of the microscopic object in different aspects such as mechanics, optics, heat and the like, and the change direction of the physical properties of the microscopic object caused by the existence of the structural defects can be judged through qualitative analysis of the structural defects of the microscopic object, and such microscopic substances especially include different types of basic substances such as crystals and the like, and qualitative analysis of the internal structural defects of the microscopic object can help researchers determine the synthesis and manufacturing processes and procedures of the microscopic substances so as to further improve the different physical properties of the microscopic substance.
At present, the detection of the internal structure or the surface topography of an object is mainly realized by an ultrasonic detection method, and the theoretical basis of the implementation of the ultrasonic detection method is that if the internal structure or the surface topography of the object has a structure or topography variation condition, the structure or topography variation condition affects the corresponding acoustic characteristics of the area near the position where the structure or the topography variation condition exists, when ultrasonic waves are transmitted through the internal structure of the object or reflected by the surface topography of the object, the transmission parameters and the state of the corresponding transmitted or reflected ultrasonic waves are correspondingly changed, and the qualitative or quantitative detection result about the internal structure or the surface topography of the object can be obtained by measuring the change condition of the transmission parameters or the state of the transmitted or reflected ultrasonic waves. The existing ultrasonic detection method generally projects ultrasonic waves to a measured object through an ultrasonic phased array technology and receives ultrasonic echo modulated by the measured object, and because the ultrasonic echo is an ultrasonic signal with certain time duration, the ultrasonic phased array technology acquires the ultrasonic echo signal at a specific sampling frequency, so that the amount of ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to subsequent ultrasonic imaging processing can be effectively reduced, but the problem of signal deletion exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In the existing ultrasonic phased array detection technology, for an ultrasonic echo signal transmitted or reflected by a measured object, the ultrasonic echo signal is received at a specific sampling frequency (for example, 50MHz-100MHz), although the ultrasonic phased array detection technology performs interval sampling on the ultrasonic echo signal, the signal data volume obtained by the sampling is very huge, and the image resolution obtained by ultrasonic imaging is closely related to the signal data volume obtained by the sampling; in order to improve the imaging resolution of the ultrasonic imaging, down-sampling processing is usually required to be performed on the sampled ultrasonic echo signal data, and the ultrasonic echo signal data obtained through the down-sampling processing is not the original ultrasonic echo signal data, that is, the original ultrasonic echo data has data volume and data information changes, which are usually accompanied by partial information loss of the ultrasonic echo signal data. Because the resolution and definition of ultrasonic imaging are determined by the data quantity and data content of the ultrasonic echo signal adopted by ultrasonic imaging, the loss of part of information of the ultrasonic echo signal data inevitably reduces the resolution and definition of an image obtained by the ultrasonic imaging, thereby seriously affecting the accuracy of ultrasonic phased array detection.
The ultrasonic phased array detection system and the method thereof directly perform analog-to-digital conversion processing and beam forming processing on an ultrasonic echo signal to generate original data information after receiving the ultrasonic echo signal from a measured object, directly perform imaging processing on the original data information and directly store the original data information for source data of subsequent analysis and calculation. Therefore, the ultrasonic phased array detection system and the ultrasonic phased array detection method do not perform down-sampling processing in the process of processing the ultrasonic echo signals from the detected object, and directly retain the original ultrasonic echo signal data and perform imaging and storage operations according to the original ultrasonic echo signal data, so that the resolution and definition of images obtained by ultrasonic imaging can be improved to the maximum extent, and the accuracy of ultrasonic phased array detection is improved.
The invention provides an ultrasonic phased array detection system based on original data, which is characterized by comprising the following components:
an ultrasonic wave emitting module for projecting an ultrasonic beam to a target object;
an ultrasonic receiving module, configured to receive an ultrasonic echo beam formed after the ultrasonic beam reaches the target object and is reflected by the target object;
the A/D conversion module is used for converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal;
the processing module is used for generating original data information after the beam synthesis processing is carried out on the digital signal;
the display module is used for receiving the original data information and directly performing imaging display based on the original data information;
the storage module is used for receiving the original data information and directly storing the original data information as source data of subsequent ultrasonic imaging calculation processing;
further, the ultrasonic wave transmitting module comprises an array type ultrasonic transmitting unit, a clock unit and an actuating unit; the array type ultrasonic transmitting unit comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters which are arranged in a linear array, a rectangular array, a circular array or a ring array; the clock unit generates a clock signal so that the ultrasonic transmitters sequentially project ultrasonic beams to the target object according to the clock signal; the actuating unit is provided with a plurality of actuators in one-to-one correspondence with each of the plurality of ultrasonic emitters, and each actuator can drive one corresponding ultrasonic emitter so that the ultrasonic emitters can continuously change the direction and/or intensity of the ultrasonic beam projected by the ultrasonic emitters;
further, the A/D conversion module comprises a waveform processing unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit; the waveform processing unit is provided with a signal transmission interface, a signal amplification processing unit and a filtering unit, wherein the signal transmission interface transmits the ultrasonic echo beam from the ultrasonic receiving module to the signal amplification processing unit to perform enhancement amplification processing on an ultrasonic echo beam analog signal, and then the filtering unit performs Kalman filtering processing on the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal after the enhancement amplification processing; the analog-to-digital conversion unit converts the ultrasonic echo beam analog signals subjected to the Kalman filtering processing into ultrasonic echo beam digital signals;
further, the processing module performs beamforming processing on the digital signal specifically includes the processing module acquiring beam direction angle information about the ultrasonic echo beam in the digital signal, determining beam direction information about the ultrasonic echo beam based on the beam direction angle information, and then performing beamforming processing about a time domain and/or a space domain on the digital signal based on the beam direction information, so as to use digital superposition information about the ultrasonic echo beam on the time domain and/or the space domain obtained by the beamforming processing as the original data information;
further, the directly performing, by the display module, imaging display based on the raw data information specifically includes displaying, by the display module, a spatial distribution simulation image of the ultrasound echo beam in a current scene and an internal structure state simulation image corresponding to the target object based on the raw data information; the step of directly storing the original data information by the storage module specifically includes that the storage module converts the original data information into an original data information queue set according to a time sequence signal, and stores different data information in the original data information queue set into different storage blocks;
the invention also provides an ultrasonic phased array detection method based on the original data, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a step (1) of controlling emission parameters of an ultrasonic beam and projecting the ultrasonic beam onto a target object to realize an ultrasonic beam scanning operation on the target object;
a step (2) of receiving an ultrasonic echo beam formed after the ultrasonic beam reaches the target object and is reflected by the target object;
step (3), converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal, and then performing beam synthesis processing on the digital signal to form original data information;
step (4), based on the original data information, directly performing imaging display and directly storing the original data information as source data of subsequent ultrasonic imaging calculation processing;
further, in the step (1), controlling the emission parameters of the ultrasonic beam and projecting the ultrasonic beam onto the target object specifically includes controlling each ultrasonic emitter in the array-type ultrasonic emission unit to project the ultrasonic beam onto the target object in turn according to a clock signal; or, the respective ultrasonic beam emitting state of each ultrasonic emitter is correspondingly controlled by the actuator, so that each ultrasonic emitter can continuously change the direction and/or intensity of the ultrasonic beam projected by each ultrasonic emitter;
further, in the step (3), converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal specifically includes converting the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal obtained by sequentially performing enhancement amplification processing and kalman filtering processing on the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into an ultrasonic echo beam digital signal;
further, in the step (3), the performing the beam synthesis processing on the digital signal specifically includes acquiring beam direction angle information about the ultrasonic echo beam in the digital signal, determining beam pointing information about the ultrasonic echo beam based on the beam direction angle information, and then performing the beam synthesis processing about a time domain and/or a space domain on the digital signal based on the beam pointing information, so as to use digital superposition information about the ultrasonic echo beam in the time domain and/or the space domain obtained by the beam synthesis processing as the original data information;
further, in the step (4), based on the original data information, directly performing imaging display specifically includes displaying a spatial distribution simulation image of the ultrasound echo beam in a current scene and an internal structure state simulation image corresponding to the target object based on the original data information; or, based on the original data information, directly storing the original data information specifically includes converting the original data information into an original data information queue set according to a time sequence signal, and storing different data information in the original data information queue set into different storage blocks;
compared with the prior art, the ultrasonic phased array detection system and method based on the original data directly perform analog-to-digital conversion processing and beam synthesis processing on the ultrasonic echo signal to generate original data information after receiving the ultrasonic echo signal from the measured object, directly perform imaging processing based on the original data information, and directly store the original data information for source data of subsequent analysis and calculation. Therefore, the ultrasonic phased array detection system and the ultrasonic phased array detection method do not perform down-sampling processing in the process of processing the ultrasonic echo signals from the detected object, and directly retain the original ultrasonic echo signal data and perform imaging and storage operations according to the original ultrasonic echo signal data, so that the resolution and definition of images obtained by ultrasonic imaging can be improved to the maximum extent, and the accuracy of ultrasonic phased array detection is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic phased array inspection system based on raw data according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic phased array detection method based on raw data according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic phased array inspection system based on raw data according to an embodiment of the present invention. The ultrasonic phased array detection system comprises an ultrasonic transmitting module, an ultrasonic receiving module, an A/D conversion module, a processing module, a display module and a storage module. The ultrasonic wave transmitting module is used for projecting ultrasonic beams to a target object, and the ultrasonic beams can be reflected by the surface of the target object after reaching the target object so as to form ultrasonic echo beams; the ultrasonic receiving module is used for receiving an ultrasonic echo beam formed after the ultrasonic beam reaches the target object and is reflected by the target object; the A/D conversion module is used for converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal; the processing module is used for carrying out beam synthesis processing on the digital signal and generating original data information; the display module is used for receiving the original data information and directly performing imaging display based on the original data information; the storage module is used for receiving the original data information and directly storing the original data information as source data of subsequent ultrasonic imaging calculation processing.
Preferably, the ultrasonic wave transmission module may include an array type ultrasonic transmission unit, a clock unit, and an actuating unit.
Preferably, the array type ultrasonic transmitting unit can comprise a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters which are formed in a specific array arrangement form; preferably, the specific array arrangement form may include, but is not limited to, a linear array form, a two-dimensional rectangular array form, a two-dimensional circular array form, or a two-dimensional circular array form; each of the array-type ultrasonic transmitters preferably operates relatively independently of the other and is capable of autonomously projecting ultrasonic waves toward the target. In fact, because the ultrasonic waves generated by the array-type ultrasonic reflectors with different array arrangement forms correspondingly have different distribution shapes, and the ultrasonic waves with different distribution shapes generate different reflective ultrasonic echo beams after being scanned and projected on the target object, based on the above consideration, a person skilled in the art can select the array-type ultrasonic reflectors with the appropriate distribution shapes according to the actual shape and size of the target object, so that the target object can obtain complete ultrasonic scanning; preferably, the line-type array-form ultrasonic transmitters are applied to a target object having an elongated shape, the two-dimensional rectangular array-form ultrasonic transmitters or the two-dimensional circular array-form ultrasonic transmitters are applied to a target object having a flat shape, and the two-dimensional annular array-form ultrasonic transmitters are applied to a three-dimensional target object having a substantially similar size in three dimensions.
Preferably, the clock unit may be configured to generate a timing signal, the clock signal is transmitted to the array-type ultrasonic transmitter unit, and then the array-type ultrasonic transmitter unit sequentially drives each ultrasonic transmitter to transmit ultrasonic waves according to the timing signal in a specific sequence; preferably, the clock signal may be a clock signal formed by a series of high and low level sets, where the high and low level set includes a plurality of high and low level logic sequences, each high and low level logic sequence includes only one high level, and the only one high level is used to indicate that the ultrasonic transmitter corresponding to the ultrasonic wave needs to be driven to transmit currently, that is, the array type ultrasonic transmitter performs driving control of the corresponding ultrasonic transmitter according to each high and low level logic sequence in the high and low level set, so as to ensure that only one ultrasonic transmitter transmits the ultrasonic wave at the same time.
Preferably, the actuating unit may comprise several actuators, each actuator being capable of driving a corresponding one of the ultrasonic emitters so that the ultrasonic emitter is capable of continuously varying the direction and/or intensity of its projected ultrasonic beam. Preferably, the actuator may be, but is not limited to, a one-dimensional linear actuator capable of changing an angle at which the ultrasonic transmitter projects the ultrasonic wave in a single direction or a two-dimensional planar actuator capable of changing an angle at which the ultrasonic transmitter projects the ultrasonic wave in two directions perpendicular to each other.
Preferably, the a/D conversion module may include a waveform processing unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The waveform processing unit can include but is not limited to a signal transmission interface, a signal amplification processing unit and a filtering unit; the signal transmission interface transmits the ultrasonic echo beam from the ultrasonic receiving module to the signal amplification processing unit to perform enhancement amplification processing on the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal, and then the filtering unit performs Kalman filtering processing on the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal after the enhancement amplification processing. The analog-to-digital conversion unit preferably converts the analog ultrasonic echo beam signals subjected to the kalman filtering process into digital ultrasonic echo beam signals.
Preferably, the process of performing the beam forming process on the digital signal by the processing module may specifically include the processing module acquiring beam direction angle information about the ultrasound echo beam in the digital signal, determining beam pointing information about the ultrasound echo beam based on the beam direction angle information, and then performing the beam forming process on the digital signal about a time domain and/or a space domain based on the beam pointing information, so as to use digital superposition information about the ultrasound echo beam in the time domain and/or the space domain obtained by the beam forming process as the raw data information.
Preferably, the process of directly performing imaging display by the display module based on the raw data information may specifically include the display module displaying a spatial distribution simulation image of the ultrasound echo beam in the current scene and an internal structure state simulation image corresponding to the target object based on the raw data information. The step of directly storing the original data information by the storage module specifically includes that the storage module converts the original data information into an original data information queue set according to a time sequence signal, and stores different data information in the original data information queue set into different storage blocks.
Accordingly, referring to fig. 2, a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic phased array detection method based on raw data according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. Preferably, the ultrasonic phased array detection method based on the raw data is implemented based on the ultrasonic phased array detection system shown in fig. 1. Specifically, the ultrasonic phased array detection method based on the raw data can comprise the following steps:
step (1), controlling emission parameters of an ultrasonic beam and projecting the ultrasonic beam onto a target object to realize an ultrasonic beam scanning operation on the target object.
Preferably, in the step (1), the controlling the emission parameters of the ultrasonic beam and projecting the ultrasonic beam onto the target object may specifically include controlling each ultrasonic emitter in the array-type ultrasonic emission unit to project the ultrasonic beam onto the target object in turn according to a clock signal; alternatively, the respective ultrasonic beam emission state of each ultrasonic transmitter is controlled by an actuator accordingly, so that each ultrasonic transmitter can continuously change the direction and/or intensity of its projected ultrasonic beam.
And (2) receiving an ultrasonic echo beam formed after the ultrasonic beam reaches the target object and is reflected by the target object.
And (3) converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal, and then performing beam synthesis processing on the digital signal to form original data information.
Preferably, in the step (3), converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal may specifically include converting the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal obtained by sequentially performing enhancement amplification processing and kalman filtering processing on the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into an ultrasonic echo beam digital signal.
Preferably, in the step (3), the beamforming processing on the digital signal may specifically include acquiring beam direction angle information about the ultrasound echo beam in the digital signal, determining beam pointing information about the ultrasound echo beam based on the beam direction angle information, and then performing beamforming processing on the digital signal about a time domain and/or a space domain based on the beam pointing information, so as to use digital superposition information about the ultrasound echo beam in the time domain and/or the space domain obtained by the beamforming processing as the raw data information.
And (4) directly performing imaging display based on the original data information, and directly saving the original data information to serve as source data of subsequent ultrasonic imaging calculation processing.
Preferably, in the step (4), based on the raw data information, directly performing imaging display may specifically include displaying a spatial distribution simulation image of the ultrasound echo beam in the current scene and an internal structure state simulation image corresponding to the target object based on the raw data information; or, directly storing the original data information based on the original data information specifically includes converting the original data information into an original data information queue set according to a timing signal, and storing different data information in the original data information queue set into different storage blocks.
In addition, in order to eliminate the subsequent calculation error caused by the random variable factor in the raw data, the raw data obtained under different conditions needs to be fitted, and since the distribution of the random variable factor in the raw data can be approximately regarded as obeying normal distribution, the raw data is subjected to fitting processing of normal distribution, and a specific normal distribution fitting formula is as follows:
in the above formula, M (n) is measured for the nth timeTo the original data, M0The standard value of the original data is k, the floating multiple of the original data obtained by measurement is n, the measurement frequency is n, the sigma is the variance of the variable n after fitting of the normal distribution, and the mu is the expected value of the variable n after fitting of the normal distribution.
As can be seen from the 3 sigma criterion, when n is equal to (mu-3 sigma, mu +3 sigma), the confidence probability can reach 99.74%, so the mean value is obtained by using the integral median theorem in the range
Thereby minimizing errors, wherein the average value
Is calculated as follows
As can be seen from the above description of the original data based ultrasonic phased array inspection system and method, the original data based ultrasonic phased array inspection system and method is implemented based on an ultrasonic defect detection qualitative system and qualitative method, and the original data based ultrasonic phased array inspection system and method is adapted based on the important difference that the data processing object is the original data based on the ultrasonic defect detection qualitative system and qualitative method. Specifically, the system and the method are realized based on an ultrasonic flaw detection qualitative technology, which may be called a phased array ultrasonic detection technology, and the phased array ultrasonic detection technology forms focusing, scanning and the like of a synthesized sound beam by controlling delay time of receiving and transmitting of each array element of an array probe, thereby realizing various scanning effects of polarization, focusing and the like of an ultrasonic beam, and finally realizing high-resolution ultrasonic flaw imaging in a scanning range. In addition, specific implementation manners of the ultrasonic defect detection qualitative technology (or phased array ultrasonic detection technology) can include, but are not limited to, constructing an ultrasonic phased array detection system based on raw data, or a reflector morphology extraction system and extraction method based on sound field characteristics, and other practical operations. In the practical operation listed above, in the ultrasonic defect detection qualitative technology, in the phased array ultrasonic emission state, each array element in the array transducer is sequentially excited according to a certain delay rule, the generated ultrasonic emission sub-beams are spatially synthesized to form a corresponding focus point and directivity, and by changing the delay rule excited by each array element, the beam direction of the focus position can be changed to form scanning focusing within a certain spatial range.
Further, in the actual operation of the ultrasonic phased array detection system based on the raw data, specifically, based on the ultrasonic detection defect qualitative technology, after an ultrasonic echo signal from a detected object is received, the ultrasonic echo signal is directly subjected to analog-to-digital conversion processing and beam forming processing to generate raw data information, and the raw data information is directly subjected to imaging processing based on the raw data information and is directly stored for source data of subsequent analysis and calculation; in addition, in the practical operation of the reflector profile extraction system and the reflector profile extraction method based on the sound field characteristics, specifically, based on the ultrasonic detection defect qualitative technology, ultrasonic waves are projected to a reflector, ultrasonic echoes about different receiving angles and different depths formed by detecting the reflection of the ultrasonic waves by the reflector are adopted, and meanwhile, the ultrasonic echoes are subjected to targeted signal processing operation so as to extract the profile characteristics about the reflector and calculate corresponding profile characteristic parameters. Although the two different types of actual operations have different ultrasonic wave transmitting, receiving and processing programs respectively, and the detection objects aimed at by the two different types of actual operations are also different, the two types of actual operations are both detection technologies based on an ultrasonic detection defect qualitative technology, and both the two types of actual operations are adaptive system adjustment based on the ultrasonic detection defect qualitative technology; it can be seen that the qualitative system and qualitative method for ultrasonic defect detection of the present invention essentially belong to the basic technology of ultrasonic defect detection, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide the ultrasonic defect detection principle and data processing basis based on the ultrasonic phased array P scanning mode, and on the basis of this, under the condition that the specific defect detection object or detection data is different, the qualitative technology for ultrasonic defect detection is converted into different implementation modes, so as to obtain the above mentioned different implementation modes of the ultrasonic phased array detection system based on original data, or the reflector morphology extraction system and extraction method based on sound field characteristics, etc.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the system and method for detecting an ultrasonic phased array based on raw data directly perform analog-to-digital conversion processing and beam forming processing on an ultrasonic echo signal after receiving the ultrasonic echo signal from a measured object, generate raw data information, directly perform imaging processing based on the raw data information, and directly store the raw data information for source data of subsequent analysis and calculation; therefore, the ultrasonic phased array detection system and the ultrasonic phased array detection method do not perform down-sampling processing in the process of processing the ultrasonic echo signals from the detected object, and directly retain the original ultrasonic echo signal data and perform imaging and storage operations according to the original ultrasonic echo signal data, so that the resolution and definition of images obtained by ultrasonic imaging can be improved to the maximum extent, and the accuracy of ultrasonic phased array detection is improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (6)
1. An ultrasonic phased array inspection system based on raw data, the ultrasonic phased array inspection system comprising:
an ultrasonic wave emitting module for projecting an ultrasonic beam to a target object;
an ultrasonic receiving module, configured to receive an ultrasonic echo beam formed after the ultrasonic beam reaches the target object and is reflected by the target object;
the A/D conversion module is used for converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal;
the processing module is used for generating original data information after the beam synthesis processing is carried out on the digital signal;
the display module is used for receiving the original data information and directly performing imaging display based on the original data information;
the storage module is used for receiving the original data information and directly storing the original data information as source data of subsequent ultrasonic imaging calculation processing;
the display module directly performs imaging display based on the original data information specifically includes the display module displaying a spatial distribution simulation image of the ultrasonic echo beam in a current scene and an internal structure state simulation image corresponding to the target object based on the original data information; the step of directly storing the original data information by the storage module specifically includes that the storage module converts the original data information into an original data information queue set according to a time sequence signal, and stores different data information in the original data information queue set into different storage blocks;
and performing fitting treatment of normal distribution on the original data, wherein a specific normal distribution fitting formula is as follows:
in the above formula, M (n) is the raw data obtained from the nth measurement, M0The method comprises the following steps of taking the measured data as a reference value of original data, taking k as a floating multiple of the measured original data, taking n as a measurement frequency, taking sigma as a variance of a variable n after normal distribution fitting, and taking mu as an expected value of the variable n after normal distribution fitting;
when n ∈ (μ -3 σ, μ +3 σ), it is favorable to find the average value thereof
Thereby making a mistakeThe difference reaches a minimum, where the average value
Is calculated as follows
The processing module performs beamforming processing on the digital signal specifically includes the processing module acquiring beam direction angle information about the ultrasonic echo beam in the digital signal, determining beam direction information about the ultrasonic echo beam based on the beam direction angle information, and then performing beamforming processing about a time domain and/or a space domain on the digital signal based on the beam direction information, so as to use digital superposition information about the ultrasonic echo beam in the time domain and/or the space domain obtained by the beamforming processing as the original data information.
2. The raw data based ultrasonic phased array inspection system of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transmitting module comprises an array type ultrasonic transmitting unit, a clock unit and an actuating unit; the array type ultrasonic transmitting unit comprises a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters which are arranged in a linear array, a rectangular array, a circular array or a ring array; the clock unit generates a clock signal so that the ultrasonic transmitters sequentially project ultrasonic beams to the target object according to the clock signal; the actuating unit is provided with a plurality of actuators in one-to-one correspondence with each of the plurality of ultrasonic emitters, and each actuator can drive one corresponding ultrasonic emitter so that the ultrasonic emitters can continuously change the direction and/or intensity of the ultrasonic beam projected by the ultrasonic emitters.
3. The raw data based ultrasonic phased array inspection system of claim 1, wherein: the A/D conversion module comprises a waveform processing unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit; the waveform processing unit is provided with a signal transmission interface, a signal amplification processing unit and a filtering unit, wherein the signal transmission interface transmits the ultrasonic echo beam from the ultrasonic receiving module to the signal amplification processing unit to perform enhancement amplification processing on an ultrasonic echo beam analog signal, and then the filtering unit performs Kalman filtering processing on the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal after the enhancement amplification processing; and the analog-to-digital conversion unit converts the ultrasonic echo beam analog signals subjected to the Kalman filtering processing into ultrasonic echo beam digital signals.
4. An ultrasonic phased array inspection method using the raw data based ultrasonic phased array inspection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ultrasonic phased array inspection method comprises the steps of:
a step (1) of controlling emission parameters of an ultrasonic beam and projecting the ultrasonic beam onto a target object to realize an ultrasonic beam scanning operation on the target object;
a step (2) of receiving an ultrasonic echo beam formed after the ultrasonic beam reaches the target object and is reflected by the target object;
step (3), converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal, and then performing beam synthesis processing on the digital signal to form original data information;
step (4), based on the original data information, directly performing imaging display and directly storing the original data information as source data of subsequent ultrasonic imaging calculation processing;
in the step (4), based on the original data information, directly performing imaging display specifically includes displaying a spatial distribution simulation image of the ultrasound echo beam in a current scene and an internal structure state simulation image corresponding to the target object based on the original data information; or, based on the original data information, directly storing the original data information specifically includes converting the original data information into an original data information queue set according to a time sequence signal, and storing different data information in the original data information queue set into different storage blocks;
and fitting the normal distribution to the original data, wherein a specific normal distribution fitting formula is as follows:
in the above formula, M (n) is the raw data obtained from the nth measurement, M0The method comprises the following steps of taking the measured data as a reference value of original data, taking k as a floating multiple of the measured original data, taking n as a measurement frequency, taking sigma as a variance of a variable n after normal distribution fitting, and taking mu as an expected value of the variable n after normal distribution fitting;
when n ∈ (μ -3 σ, μ +3 σ), it is favorable to find the average value thereof
Thereby minimizing errors, wherein the average value
Is calculated as follows
In step (3), the performing the beam synthesis processing on the digital signal specifically includes acquiring beam direction angle information about the ultrasound echo beam in the digital signal, determining beam direction information about the ultrasound echo beam based on the beam direction angle information, and then performing the beam synthesis processing about a time domain and/or a space domain on the digital signal based on the beam direction information, so as to use digital superposition information about the ultrasound echo beam in the time domain and/or the space domain obtained by the beam synthesis processing as the original data information.
5. The ultrasonic phased array inspection method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (1), controlling the emission parameters of the ultrasonic beam and projecting the ultrasonic beam onto the target object specifically includes controlling each ultrasonic emitter in the array type ultrasonic emission unit to project the ultrasonic beam to the target object in turn according to a clock signal; alternatively, the respective ultrasonic beam emission state of each ultrasonic transmitter is controlled by an actuator accordingly, so that each ultrasonic transmitter can continuously change the direction and/or intensity of its projected ultrasonic beam.
6. The ultrasonic phased array inspection method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (3), converting the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into a digital signal specifically includes converting the ultrasonic echo beam analog signal obtained by sequentially performing enhancement amplification processing and kalman filtering processing on the analog signal corresponding to the ultrasonic echo beam into an ultrasonic echo beam digital signal.
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