CN109804030A - 耐腐蚀的环氧化植物油罐内部涂料 - Google Patents
耐腐蚀的环氧化植物油罐内部涂料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109804030A CN109804030A CN201780059947.1A CN201780059947A CN109804030A CN 109804030 A CN109804030 A CN 109804030A CN 201780059947 A CN201780059947 A CN 201780059947A CN 109804030 A CN109804030 A CN 109804030A
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Classifications
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- B65D85/30—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure
- B65D85/42—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure for ampoules; for lamp bulbs; for electronic valves or tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D161/00—Coating compositions based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D161/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- C09D161/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D177/00—Coating compositions based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
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- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V31/00—Gas-tight or water-tight arrangements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Abstract
披露了一种涂料组合物,其包含环氧化植物油、胺封端的聚酰胺和有机硅树脂。还披露了基材,其至少部分地涂覆有该涂料。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及包含环氧化植物油、胺封端的聚酰胺和有机硅的涂料组合物。至少部分地涂覆了该涂料的基材,包括包装,也在本发明的范围内。
背景技术
将各种聚合物涂料施涂到金属基材,包括金属罐比如食品、饮料和化妆品容器,以延缓或抑制腐蚀是完善的。将涂料施涂到这些容器的内部以防止内容物接触容器的金属。金属与食品、饮料或化妆品之间的接触会导致金属容器腐蚀,然后又会污染产品。当容器的内容物本身是酸性的,比如基于番茄的产品和软饮料时尤其是这样。
某些涂料,尤其在包装行业中,必然会在制备和使用包装容器期间经历极端的应力。除柔性之外,包装涂料可能还需要耐化学品、溶剂以及用于包装啤酒及其它饮料的巴氏灭菌法过程,并且可能还需要承受常用于食品包装的干馏条件。除防腐之外,用于食品以及饮料容器的涂料应该无毒,并且不应该不利地影响罐中食品或者饮料的味道。可能还期望对“爆裂”、“泛白”和/或“起泡”有耐受性。
双酚A(“BPA”)有助于包装涂料产品中要求的许多性能。然而,使用BPA及有关产品比如双酚A二缩水甘油醚(“BADGE”)近来在包装行业中受到严格审查。因此,需要具有与包含BPA的涂料性能相当的基本上不含BPA的涂料。还期望在涂料中减少甲醛的使用。
发明概述
本发明涉及一种涂料,其包含:a.环氧化植物油;b.胺封端的聚酰胺;和c.有机硅树脂;其中该组合物包含5wt%或更多的植物大豆油,基于该组合物的总固体重量。
发明详述
本发明涉及包含环氧化植物油、胺封端的聚酰胺和有机硅树脂的涂料组合物。
任何合适的环氧化植物油(“EVO”)都可以使用,并且可以商购或通过环氧化植物油来制备。植物油包括但不限于玉米油、棉籽油、亚麻籽油、油菜籽油、妥尔油、棕榈油、花生油、芝麻油、葵花油和大豆油。环氧化的大豆油(“ESBO”)是特别地合适的并且可从多种来源商购,比如Hallstar的PLASTHALL ESO和Arkema的VIKOFLEX系列,比如VIKOFLEX 7170。ESBO和其它环氧化植物油已知在使用氯乙烯的材料中作为增塑剂。令人惊奇地发现,当包含EVO以及胺封端的聚酰胺的组合物固化时,与仅具有EVO或仅具有胺封端的聚酰胺的组合物相比,这样的涂料组合物赋予金属基材更强的耐腐蚀性。本发明的组合物中的EVO的量可以变化,比如5wt%或更高,7.5wt%或更高,10wt%或更高,或12wt%或更高,以及比如20wt%或更低或15wt%或更低,该wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。10-12的wt%可能是特别地合适的。
任何胺封端的聚酰胺可以根据本发明使用。聚酰胺,例如,可以基于二聚体酸。该聚酰胺的合适的胺值可以基于用户需要来变化,并且可以范围在例如220至250,比如232至242,通过使用甲基紫指示剂用HBr/乙酸中的HBr滴定来测定。该聚酰胺的粘度也可以变化,并且可以范围在例如400至800泊,比如550至700泊,在40℃通过布氏粘度计用#3纺锤体在20RPM测得。聚酰胺可广泛地商购,比如Hexion的EPIKURE系列。本发明的组合物中胺封端的聚酰胺的量可以变化,比如2wt%或更高,3.5wt%或更高,或5wt%或更高,以及比如15wt%或更低,12.5wt%或更低,或10wt%或更低,该wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。3至12的wt%可能是特别地合适的。
根据本发明使用的有机硅树脂还可基于用户需要来变化。还可使用有机硅树脂的组合。特别地合适的是倍半硅氧烷树脂,包括硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷。合适的有机硅树脂,包括硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷,可为商购自Dow Chemical的RSN系列。例如,RSN 217是一种完全苯基化的硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷且饱和度为1.0。例如,RSN 233为苯基与甲基之比为1.3:1且饱和度为1.15的硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷。例如,RSN 255也是硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷,其苯基与甲基之比为0.84:1且饱和度为1.05。所有这些值都由制造商Dow报告。本发明的组合物中有机硅树脂的量可以变化,比如10wt%或更高,15wt%或更高,20wt%或更高,或25wt%或更高,以及比如60wt%或更低或50wt%或更低或40wt%或更低,该wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。15至50的wt%可能是特别地合适的。
本发明的涂料组合物可进一步包含成膜组分。成膜组分可包括,例如,成膜树脂和用于其的交联剂。任何成膜树脂可以根据本发明使用。成膜树脂可以包含,例如,丙烯酸类聚合物,聚酯聚合物,聚氨酯聚合物,聚酰胺聚合物,聚醚聚合物,聚硅氧烷聚合物,它们的共聚物和它们的混合物。通常,这些聚合物可以为由本领域技术人员已知的任何方法制备的这些类型的任何聚合物。这些聚合物可为溶剂型或水分散性的、可乳化的或具有有限水溶性的。成膜树脂典型地具有官能基团,包括,例如,羧酸基团,胺基团,环氧基团,羟基基团,硫醇基团,氨基甲酸酯基团,酰胺基团,尿素基团,异氰酸酯基团(包括封闭的异氰酸酯基团),巯基基团及其组合。成膜树脂的适当混合物也可用于制备本发明的组合物。成膜组分还可包含具有与树脂上的官能团有反应性的官能团的交联剂。本领域技术人员可以基于来自交联剂的该官能度而选择适当的交联剂,比如三聚氰胺,比如三聚氰胺甲醛树脂,酚醛树脂比如酚甲醛树脂和/或甲酚酚醛树脂,碳二亚胺,羟烷基酰胺,羟烷基脲,异氰酸酯,封闭的异氰酸酯,苯并胍胺,TGIC,环氧树脂,噁唑啉等。成膜树脂还可以是自交联的;也就是说,该树脂将与自身反应以固化。这种树脂的实例包括聚硅氧烷树脂,其含有硅醇(Si-OH),烷氧基基团(Si-O-R),或乙酰氧基基团(Si-O-COCH3),其可以由于存在水分和热而缩合或变成有反应性,从而自缩合。成膜树脂可以使用的量为20wt%或更高,比如30wt%或更高,或40wt%或更高和比如60wt%或更低,50wt%或更低,或40wt%或更低,该wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。20至50wt%可能是特别地合适的。
特别地合适的成膜树脂是丙烯酸类树脂。丙烯酸类树脂,例如,可通过使用任何数量的丙烯酸类单体形成,丙烯酸类单体包括苯乙烯,(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯比如(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯,(甲基)丙烯酸甲酯和(甲基)丙烯酸丁酯,官能的丙烯酸酯比如(甲基)丙烯酸羟乙酯,环状和多环状(甲基)丙烯酸类,比如(甲基)丙烯酸苄酯,(甲基)丙烯酸环己酯和(甲基)丙烯酸异冰片酯,以及丙烯酰胺,比如N-丁氧基甲基丙烯酰胺(N-BMA)。例如,酸官能的(甲基)丙烯酸和(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯均可使用。(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂的混合物也可以使用。将理解的是,(甲基)丙烯酸类和类似术语是指甲基丙烯酸类和丙烯酸类。根据本发明,丙烯酸类树脂和/或涂料组合物本身可排除羟基官能的丙烯酸类单体,苯乙烯和/或氯乙烯单体。丙烯酸类树脂和/或涂料组合物本身可排除丙烯酸乙酯和/或丙烯酰胺,比如N-BMA。此外,当在本发明的组合物中使用丙烯酸类树脂时,(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂通常不含有未反应的不饱和度。也就是说,在(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂的形成中的(甲基)丙烯酸类单体的反应将消耗该不饱和度。由此,根据本发明使用的(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂不能辐射固化,并且在单体反应后可能残余在(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂中的任何残余不饱和度不足以使该(甲基)丙烯酸类树脂能辐射固化。
如以上指出的,本发明的组合物可包含交联剂,包括一种或多种交联剂。苯并胍胺为特别合适的交联剂,如果使用,可以存在于该组合物中的量为5wt%或更高,比如7.5wt%或更高,或10wt%或更高和比如35wt%或更少,30wt%或更少,或25wt%或更少,该wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。10至30的wt%是特别地合适的。
酚醛树脂或交联剂,比如酚甲醛树脂,也可以包含于本发明的组合物中,不论是单独或与另一种交联剂联合。然而,对于某些应用来说,可能期望最小化、甚至消除在包装行业中的涂料组合物中使用的酚醛树脂的量。将领会的是,酚醛树脂通常由甲醛制备,因此将甲醛带入该组合物。令人惊奇地发现,在比如上述的还包含EVO,特别是ESBO,胺封端的聚酰胺和有机硅树脂的组合物中,酚醛树脂的量可以最小化和甚至消除。例如,典型的商业涂料组合物可含有50wt%酚醛树脂。本发明的涂料组合物可含有30wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,比如25wt%或更少,20wt%或更少,15wt%或更少,10wt%或更少,5wt%或更少,2wt%或更少,或1wt%或更少。该组合物还可完全不含酚醛树脂,这将被理解为是指,完全不含任何添加的酚醛树脂,有由其它涂料组分带入的任何痕量的酚醛树脂。
如以上指出的,本发明的组合物包含EVO。EVO可以与另一涂料组分预反应,或可以在涂料组合物固化时与另一涂料组分反应。例如,可期望的是,EVO不与该组合物中的任何其它涂料组分预先反应,只在热固化时才与胺封端的聚酰胺发生反应。在加热固化时,EVO的环氧乙烷官能度与胺封端的聚酰胺的伯胺反应形成羟基和仲胺。固化过程中的反应是特别适于由FDA规制的应用的。备选地和特别地,当FDA考量不相关时,EVO可以在固化前与胺封端的聚酰胺或任何其它涂料组分预反应。EVO不与任何其它组分进行酯交换,并且也不是增塑剂或氯化氢清除剂。
涂料组合物可包含一种或多种溶剂,包括水或有机溶剂。合适的有机溶剂包括二醇类,二醇醚醇类,醇类,酮和芳烃,比如二甲苯和甲苯,乙酸酯类,矿物油精,石脑油和/或其混合物。“乙酸酯类”包括二醇醚乙酸酯类。溶剂可以是非水性溶剂。“非水性溶剂”和类似术语是指,少于50%的溶剂是水。例如,少于10%,或甚至少于5%或2%的溶剂可以是水。将理解的是,溶剂的混合物,包括或排除少于50%的水量,可以构成“非水性溶剂”。该组合物可为水性或基于水的。这是指50%或更多的溶剂是水。这些实施方案具有少于50%,比如少于20%,少于10%,少于5%或少于2%的溶剂。本发明的涂料组合物更合适地是基于水的。
如果需要,该组合物可以包含配制领域公知的其它任选原料,例如着色剂、增塑剂、耐磨颗粒、抗氧化剂、位阻胺光稳定剂,UV光吸收剂和稳定剂、表面活性剂、流动控制剂、触变剂、填料、有机助溶剂、反应性稀释剂、催化剂、研磨载体、增滑剂、水分清除剂和其它常规助剂。
如本文使用的,术语“着色剂”是指将颜色和/或其他不透明度和/或其他视觉效果赋予该组合物的任何物质。着色剂可以以任何合适的形式加入涂料,比如离散颗粒、分散体、溶液和/或薄片。单一着色剂或两种或更多种着色剂的混合物可以用于本发明的涂料中。特别适用于包装涂料的是经批准用于食品接触的那些,比如二氧化钛;氧化铁,如氧化铁黑;炭黑;群青蓝;酞菁,如酞菁蓝和酞菁绿;石墨原纤维;ferried黄;quindo红;以及它们的组合,以及联邦法规第178.3297条中列出的那些,该法规通过引入本申请作为参考。
着色剂的实例包括消光颜料、染料和调色剂,比如油漆工业中使用的和/或干粉颜料制造商协会(DCMA)中列出的那些以及特殊效果组合物。着色剂可包括例如细粉碎的固体粉末,其在使用条件下不溶但是可润湿。着色剂可以为有机或无机的并且可以聚集的或非聚集的。着色剂可通过研磨或简单混合掺入涂料。着色剂可通过研磨载体如丙烯酸系研磨载体引入涂料,本领域技术人员将会熟悉其使用。
颜料和/或颜料组合物的实例包括,但不限于,咔唑二噁嗪粗制颜料、偶氮、单偶氮、重氮、萘酚AS、盐型(色淀)、苯并咪唑酮、缩合物、金属配合物、异吲哚酮、异吲哚啉和多环酞菁、喹吖啶酮、苝、吡啶酮、二酮吡咯并吡咯、硫靛、蒽醌、靛蒽醌、蒽嘧啶、黄士酮、皮蒽酮、蒽嵌蒽醌、二噁嗪、三芳基碳鎓、喹酞酮颜料、二酮吡咯并吡咯红(“DPPBO红”)、二氧化钛、炭黑、碳纤维、石墨、其它导电颜料和/或填料,以及它们的混合物。术语“颜料”和“着色的填料”可以互换地使用。
染料的实例包括,但不限于,基于溶剂和/或水的那些,比如酸染料、偶氮染料、碱性染料、直接染料、分散染料、反应性染料、溶剂染料、硫染料、媒染料,例如,钒酸铋、蒽醌、苝、铝、喹吖啶酮、噻唑、噻嗪、偶氮、靛类、硝基类、亚硝基类、噁嗪、酞菁、喹啉、茋和三苯基甲烷。
调色剂的实例包括,但不限于,分散于水基或水混溶性载体中的颜料如可从Degussa,Inc.商业上可得的AQUA-CHEM 896,从Eastman Chemical,Inc.的AccurateDispersions Division商业上可得的CHARISMA COLORANTS和MAXITONER INDUSTRIALCOLORANTS。
如上所述,着色剂可以呈分散体形式,包括但不限于呈纳米颗粒分散体形式。纳米颗粒分散体可包括一种或多种高度分散的纳米颗粒着色剂和/或着色剂颗粒,其产生所需的可见颜色和/或不透明性和/或视觉效果。纳米颗粒分散体可包括粒径小于150nm,例如小于70nm,或小于30nm的着色剂,比如颜料或染料。纳米颗粒可通过将原料有机或无机颜料与粒径小于0.5mm的研磨介质一起研磨而生产。纳米颗粒分散体及其制备方法的实例在美国专利No.6,875,800B2中进行了描述,该文献引入本文供参考。纳米颗粒分散体还可通过结晶、沉淀、气相冷凝和化学磨损(即部分溶解)生产。为了使纳米颗粒在涂料中的再聚结最小化,可使用树脂涂覆的纳米颗粒的分散体。本文中所用的“树脂涂覆的纳米颗粒的分散体”是指其中分散了离散的“复合微粒”的连续相,该“复合微粒”包含纳米颗粒和在该纳米颗粒上的树脂涂层。树脂涂覆的纳米颗粒的分散体及其制备方法的实例在美国专利7,605,194第3栏第56行至第16栏第25行中进行了描述,对该文献的引述部分通过引用并入本申请。
可使用的特殊效果组合物的实例包括产生一种或多种外观效果,比如反射、珠光、金属光泽、磷光、荧光、光致变色、感光性、热致变色、随角异色和/或颜色变化的颜料和/或组合物。另外的特殊效果组合物可提供其它的可感知的性能,比如反射性、不透明性或纹理。例如,特殊效果组合物可以产生色移,使得当在不同角度观察涂层时,涂层的颜色改变。颜色效果组合物的实例在美国专利No.6,894,086中进行了描述,其通过引用纳入本申请。其它的颜色效果组合物可以包括透明涂覆的云母和/或合成云母、涂覆的二氧化硅、涂覆的氧化铝、透明液晶颜料、液晶涂料、和/或其中干涉由材料内部的折射率差异引起而不归因于材料表面和空气之间的折射率差异的任何组合物。
当暴露于一种或多种光源时可逆地改变其颜色的光敏性组合物和/或光致变色组合物可以用于本发明的涂料中。可以通过暴露于规定波长的辐射使光致变色和/或光敏性组合物活化。当组合物受到激发时,分子结构改变并且改变的结构显示出与组合物的初始颜色不同的新颜色。当消除对辐射的暴露时,光致变色和/或光敏性组合物可恢复到静态,其中组合物的初始颜色恢复。例如,光致变色和/或光敏性组合物可在非激发态下为无色并且在激发态下显示颜色。完全的颜色改变可在数毫秒至几分钟内出现,例如20秒至60秒。光致变色和/或光敏性组合物的实例包括光致变色染料。
光敏性组合物和/或光致变色组合物可例如通过共价键合与聚合物和/或可聚合组分的聚合物材料缔合和/或至少部分结合。与其中光敏性组合物可从涂料中迁移并且结晶到基材中的某些涂料相反,根据本发明,与聚合物和/或可聚合组分缔合和/或至少部分结合的光敏性组合物和/或光致变色组合物具有最小程度的从涂料中迁移出。光敏性组合物和/或光致变色组合物及其制备方法的实例在美国专利8,153,344中进行了描述,其通过引用纳入本申请。
通常,着色剂可以以足以赋予期望的视觉和/或颜色效果的任何量存在。着色剂可占本发明的组合物的1至65wt%,例如3至40wt%或5至35wt%,重量百分比基于该组合物的总重量计。
“耐磨颗粒”是指在涂料中使用时,与没有该颗粒的相同涂料相比,可以赋予涂料一定程度的耐磨性的颗粒。合适的耐磨颗粒包括有机和/或无机颗粒。合适的有机颗粒的实例包括但不限于金刚石颗粒如金刚石粉粒和由碳化物材料形成的颗粒;碳化物颗粒的实例包括但不限于碳化钛、碳化硅和碳化硼。合适的无机颗粒的实例包括但不限于二氧化硅;氧化铝;硅酸铝;二氧化硅氧化铝;碱金属铝硅酸盐;硼硅酸盐玻璃;包括氮化硼和氮化硅的氮化物;包括二氧化钛和氧化锌的氧化物;石英;霞石正长岩;锆石,例如氧化锆形式;斜锆石;和异性石。可以使用任何尺寸的颗粒,也可以使用不同颗粒和/或不同尺寸颗粒的混合物。例如,颗粒可以是具有0.1至50,0.1至20,1至12,1至10或3至6微米的平均粒度或这些范围中的任何范围内的任何组合的微米级颗粒。所述颗粒可以是具有小于0.1微米,例如0.8至500,10至100,或100至500纳米的平均粒径或这些范围内的任何组合的纳米级颗粒。
任何增滑剂可以根据本发明使用,比如可从BYK Chemie或Dow Corning商购的那些。还可以使用蜡,比如聚烯烃蜡、有机硅或石蜡。
本发明的涂料组合物可基本上不含、可本质上不含和/或可完全不含双酚A和衍生自双酚A("BPA")的环氧化合物,比如双酚A二缩水甘油基醚("BADGE")。这些化合物有时被称为“非有意BPA”,因为BPA,包括其衍生物或残留物,不是被有意添加的,但由于杂质或环境中不可避免的污染而可能以痕量存在。涂料组合物还可以基本上不含以及可本质上不含和/或可完全不含双酚F和衍生自双酚F的环氧化合物,比如双酚F二缩水甘油基醚("BFDGE")。本文中使用的术语“基本上不含”是指组分和/或涂料组合物本身含有少于1000份每百万份(ppm),“本质上不含”是指少于100ppm和“完全不含”是指少于20份每十亿份(ppb)的任何上述化合物、其衍生物或残留物。
本发明的组合物可以施涂到本领域已知的任何基材,例如汽车基材,海洋基材,工业基材,包装基材,木地板和家具,服装,包括外壳和电路板的电子设备,包括消费电子产品比如计算机、笔记本电脑、智能手机、平板电脑、电视、游戏设备、电脑设备、电脑配件、MP3播放器的外壳,玻璃和透明胶片,包括高尔夫球的运动设备等。因此,本发明进一步涉及基材,其至少部分地涂覆有上述任何涂料组合物。这些基材可以是例如金属的或非金属的。金属的基材包括锡、钢、镀锡钢、铬钝化钢、镀锌钢、铝、铝箔。本文使用的金属片材是指平的金属片材。以及卷绕的金属片材,其是卷绕的,为涂覆而展开,然后再卷绕而运送到制造商。非金属的基材包括聚合物、塑料、聚酯、聚烯烃、聚酰胺、纤维素类、聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸类、聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯、尼龙、EVOH、聚乳酸、其他“绿色”聚合物基材、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚碳酸酯、聚碳酸酯丙烯丁二烯苯乙烯(“PC/ABS”)、聚酰胺、木材、层合板、木材复合材料、刨花板、中密度纤维板、水泥、石材、玻璃、纸、纸板、纺织品、合成和天然的皮革等等。基材可以是已经以某种方式处理过例如以赋予视觉和/或颜色效果的基材。合适的基材可以包括典型地施涂了粉末涂料的基材。
本发明的组合物可以通过本领域任何标准方式施涂,例如电涂、喷涂、静电喷涂、浸涂、辊涂、刷涂等。
该组合物可以施涂到干膜厚度0.04密耳至4密耳,比如0.3至2或0.7至1.3密耳。该组合物还可以施涂到干膜厚度0.1密耳或更高,0.5密耳或更高,1.0密耳或更高,2.0密耳或更高,5.0密耳或更高,或甚至更厚。在一些应用中,期望的干膜厚度为1-20微米,比如2-6微米。
本发明的组合物可以单独使用,或与一种或多种其他涂料组合物比如具有两层或更多层的涂料体系组合使用。例如,本发明的组合物可以包含或不包含着色剂,并且可以用作底漆、基漆和/或面漆。对于涂有多层涂料的基材,这些涂料中的一种或多种可以是如本文所述的涂料。本发明的涂料还可以用作用包装“施胶”涂料、洗涂层、喷涂层、端面涂层等。
应该理解的是,本文所述的组合物可以是单组分(“1K”),或者是诸如两组分(“2K”)或更多的多组分组合物。1K组合物将被理解为是指其中所有的涂料组分在制造之后、储存期间等保存在同一容器中的组合物。可以将1K涂料施涂到基材上并通过任何常规手段例如通过加热、强制通风等来固化。本发明的组合物也可以是多组分的,其将被理解为这样的组合物,其中各种组分直至施涂之前都是被单独保存的。如上所述,本发明的组合物可以是热塑性或热固性的。
该组合物可以是清漆。清漆将被理解为基本上透明或半透明的涂料。因此,清漆可以具有某种程度的颜色,只要其不会使清漆不透明或以任何显着的程度影响看到底下的基材的能力。本发明的清漆可以例如与着色的基漆联合使用。该清漆可以如涂料领域已知的那样配制。
该组合物还可包含着色剂,比如与清漆联合使用的着色的基漆,或作为着色的单层漆。这样的涂层在各种行业中使用以赋予装饰和/或保护性饰面。例如,这样的涂料或涂料体系可施涂到车辆。“车辆”在这里是广义的,包括所有类型的车辆,例如但不限于任何尺寸的小汽车、卡车、公共汽车、面包车、高尔夫球车、摩托车、自行车、铁路车、飞机、直升机、船等。将领会的是,根据本发明涂覆的车辆部分可以根据为何使用涂料而变化。例如,如上所述,抗碎裂底漆可以施涂到车辆的一些部分。当用作有颜色的基漆或单层漆时,本发明的涂料将被典型地施涂到车辆可见的那些部分,比如车顶、引擎盖、车门、行李箱盖等,但还可施涂到其它区域,比如行李箱内部、车门内部等,特别是当该组合物被配制为密封剂或粘合剂时;它们也可以被施涂到那些与驾驶员和/或乘客接触的汽车部分,比如方向盘、仪表板、换档把、控制装置、门把手等。清漆将被典型地施涂到车辆外部。
本申请的组合物还适合用作包装涂料。将各种预处理剂和涂料施涂到包装上是完善的。这些处理剂和/或涂料例如可以用于金属罐的情况,其中可以使用该处理剂和/或涂料来延缓或抑制腐蚀,提供装饰性涂层,提供在制造过程期间的处理便利性等。涂料可以涂在罐的内部以防止内容物接触到容器的金属。例如,金属与食品、饮料或化妆品之间的接触会导致金属容器的腐蚀,然后这会污染食品、饮料或化妆品。当罐的内容物本质上是酸性时尤其如此。施涂到金属罐内部的涂料也有助于防止罐的顶部空间(产品的填充线与罐盖之间的区域)的腐蚀;对于具有高盐含量和/或高度酸性的食品产品,顶部空间中的腐蚀特别成问题。涂料也可以施涂到金属罐的外部。本发明的某些涂料特别适用于金属卷材,例如制造罐端的金属卷材("罐端原料")、制造端盖和包封(“顶盖/包封原料”)的金属卷材。由于设计用于罐端原料和端盖/包封原料的涂料通常在片材切割和冲压金属卷材原料之前涂覆,所以它们通常是柔性的和可延展的。例如,这些原料典型地在两面都涂覆。之后,冲压涂覆过的金属原料。对于罐端,然后将金属刻痕用于“易拉罐”开口,之后用另外制造的销子附接易拉罐环。然后通过边缘轧制工艺将端部连接到罐体。对易开罐端也进行一个类似的工序。对于易打罐的罐端,基本上围绕盖的周边的刻痕允许通过拉片容易地打开或从罐上取下盖,通常通过拉片。对于盖和包封,盖/包封原料通常被涂覆,例如通过辊涂,以及从原料冲压出盖或包封;然而,可在成型之后涂覆盖/包封。用于经受相对严格的温度和/或压力要求的罐的涂料还应耐爆裂、腐蚀、发白和/或起泡。
因此,本发明进一步涉及至少部分地涂覆有任何上述涂料组合物的包装。“包装”是用于容纳另一物品,特别是用于从制造点到消费者的运输,以及随后由消费者存储的任何东西。因此,包装将被理解为被密封的一些东西,以便在消费者打开之前保持其内容物不变质。制造商通常会确定食品或饮料无腐败的时间长度,一般范围在几个月到几年。因此,本发明的“包装”不同于消费者可能制作和/或存储食物的储存容器或烘烤器皿;这种容器只能在较短的时间内保持食品的新鲜度或完整性。根据本发明的包装可以由金属或非金属制成,例如塑料或层压制品,并且可以是任何形式。合适的包装的实例是层压管。合适包装的另一个实例是金属罐。术语“金属罐”包括任何类型的金属罐、容器或任何类型的容器或其部分,它们被食品/饮料制造商密封以最小化或消除内容物的变质,直到消费者打开该包装。金属罐的一个实例是食品罐;在此使用术语“食物罐”是指用于容纳任何类型的食物和/或饮料的罐、容器或任何类型的容器或其部分。“饮料罐”还可用于更具体地指其中包装了饮料的食品罐。术语“金属罐”具体包括食品罐(包括饮料罐),并且还具体包括“罐端”,包括“易开端”,其通常由罐端原料冲压而成,并与食品和饮料的包装联合使用。术语“金属罐”还具体地包括金属盖和/或包封,例如瓶盖、任何尺寸的螺丝顶盖和盖子、凸耳帽等。金属罐也可以用来容纳其他物品,包括但不限于化妆品比如个人护理产品、喷雾杀虫剂、喷雾漆料以及任何其他适于包装在气溶胶罐中的化合物。罐可以包括“两件罐”和“三件罐”以及薄壁拉伸罐;这样的罐经常应用于气溶胶产品。根据本发明涂覆的包装还可以包括塑料瓶、塑料管、层压材料和柔性包装,例如由PE、PP、PET等制成的那些。这些包装可以容纳例如食品、牙膏、其他个人护理产品等。
本发明还涉及涂覆了涂料的包装,该涂料包含10wt%或更高、比如15wt%或更高或20wt%或更高的有机硅的有机硅,其中wt%基于固体重量,其中该包装的食品释放值为90%或更多,在120°F热储存四周后测得。测量该食品释放的方法在实施例中描述。
涂料可以施涂到包装的内部和/或外部。例如,涂料可以被辊涂到用于制造两件式食品罐、三件式食品罐、罐端原料和/或盖/包封原料的金属上。涂料通过辊涂施加到卷材或片材上;然后将涂料固化,并将罐端冲压出来并制成最终产品,即罐端。涂料可作为边缘涂料施涂到罐的底部;这种施涂可以通过辊涂。该边缘涂料起到减少摩擦,以便在罐的连续制造和/或加工过程中改善操作性的作用。涂料还可以施涂到盖和/或包封;这样的施涂可以包括例如在盖/包封成型之前和/或之后施涂保护清漆,和/或后施涂到盖上的着色的搪瓷贴,特别是在盖的底部具有刻痕接缝的那些。经装饰的罐原料也可以用本文所述的涂层在外部部分涂覆,该装饰的涂覆的罐原料用于形成各种金属罐。
在许多行业中具有广泛应用的金属卷材也是可以根据本发明涂覆的基材。卷材涂料也典型地包含着色剂。
在施涂到基材上之后,涂料组合物可通过任何适当的方式固化。在一些应用中,在425°F或更低,比如415或更低或400或更低进行5分钟或更少,比如4.5分钟或更少的固化可能是期望的,并且可以根据本发明实现。因此,本发明的涂料可以在广泛的行业和固化条件下使用。
如本文所用,除非另有明确说明,诸如表示数值、范围、数量或者百分比的所有数字可读作如同其之前由词语“约”开始,即使该词语没有明确地出现。此外,本申请列举的任意数值范围表示包括其中包含的所有子区间。单数包含复数,反之亦然。例如,虽然本文提到的是“一种”有机硅树脂、“一种”胺封端的聚酰胺、“一种”EVO、“一种”成膜组分、“一种”成膜树脂、“一种”交联剂等,但也可以使用一种或多种的每种这些和任何其它组分。如本文中使用的,术语“聚合物”是指低聚物和均聚物和共聚物,以及前缀“聚”是指二或更多。(甲基)丙烯酸类和类似术语,是指丙烯酸类和甲基丙烯酸类。包括,例如和类似术语意指包括,例如,但不限于。在给出范围的情况下,那些范围内的任何端点和/或那些范围内的数字可以在本发明的范围内组合。当给出最大和最小量时,任何这样的量可以组合以指定在这些范围内的成分数范围可以在本发明的范围内组合。在本说明书和权利要求中,“包括”和“包含”一词的形式并不限制本发明以排除任何变体或添加物。另外,虽然本发明已就“包括和/或包含”而言进行了描述,本文详述的方法,材料和涂料组合物也可描述为“基本上由...组成”或“由...组成”。
本发明的非限制性方面包括:
1.一种涂料,其包含:
a.环氧化植物油;
b.胺封端的聚酰胺;和
c.有机硅树脂;其中该组合物包含5wt%或更多环氧化植物油,其中wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。
2.方面1的涂料组合物,其中该环氧化植物油包含环氧化的大豆油。
3.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物包含10至13wt%环氧化的大豆油,基于该组合物的总固体重量。
4.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该聚酰胺的胺值为220至250,通过使用甲基紫指示剂用HBr/乙酸中的HBr滴定来测定。
5.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该有机硅包含硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷有机硅树脂。
6.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,进一步包含30wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中重量百分比基于该涂料的总固体重量。
7.方面6的涂料组合物,其中该组合物具有10wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中wt%基于该涂料的总固体重量。
8.方面6的涂料组合物,其中该组合物具有5wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中wt%基于该涂料的总固体重量。
9.方面6的涂料组合物,其中该组合物具有1wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中wt%基于该涂料的总固体重量。
10.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,进一步包含丙烯酸类树脂。
11.方面10的涂料组合物,其中该丙烯酸类树脂包衍生自(甲基)丙烯酸和(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯的结构单元。
12.方面10或11的涂料组合物,其中该丙烯酸类树脂包含环状(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
13.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,进一步包含苯并胍胺。
14.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含BPA及其衍生物。
15.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含BPF及其衍生物。
16.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含羟基官能的丙烯酸类单体。
17.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含苯乙烯。
18.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含氯乙烯单体。
19.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含丙烯酸乙酯。
20.任何前述方面的涂料组合物,其中该组合物和/或其组分基本上不含,本质上不含,或完全不含丙烯酰胺,比如N-BMA。
21.基材,其至少部分地涂覆有任何前述方面的涂料组合物。
22.方面14的基材,其中该基材包括包装。
23.方面15的包装,其中该包装为金属罐。
24.方面16的包装,其中该金属罐为食品罐或饮料罐。
25.方面16的包装,其中该食品罐或饮料罐内部涂覆了任何方面1-12的涂料组合物。
26.方面17的包装,其中从该金属罐的食物释放效率大于从用不含有机硅的涂料涂覆的金属罐的食物释放效率。
实施例
以下实施例意图展示本发明并且不应解释为以任何方式限制本发明。
实施例1
涂料组合物A通过将如下所示的成分在Cowels型混合机中以1100rpm的高速混合来制备。
涂料A树脂固体
甲酚酚醛树脂A<sup>1</sup> | 26.4 |
丙烯酸类A | 5 |
环氧化的大豆油 | 10 |
Epikure 3115<sup>3</sup> | 3.6 |
丙烯酸类B | 20 |
Cymel 5010<sup>2</sup> | 10 |
RSN 217有机硅<sup>4</sup> | 25 |
100 |
1甲酚酚醛树脂A=PR 516,来自Allnex,62%固体
2Cymel 5010=苯并胍胺,来自Allnex
3Epikure 3115=胺封端的聚酰胺
4RSN217=倍半硅氧烷有机硅,来自Dow Chemical
将如上制备的混合物分散在水中至30%固体和21秒的粘度,使用#4福特杯在78°F的温度测得。
涂料A溶液,在水中
实施例2
涂料组合物B如对实施例1所述那样通过混合以下成分来制备
涂料B树脂固体
甲酚酚醛树脂A | 25 |
丙烯酸类A | 5 |
环氧化的大豆油 | 7.5 |
Epikure 3115 | 7.5 |
丙烯酸类B | 17.5 |
Cymel 5010 | 7.5 |
RSN 217有机硅 | 30 |
100 |
涂料B溶液,在水中
实施例3
涂料组合物C如对实施例1所述那样通过混合以下所示的成分来制备。
涂料C树脂固体
甲酚酚醛树脂B<sup>5</sup> | 25 |
丙烯酸类A | 3 |
环氧化的大豆油 | 15 |
Epikure 3115 | 5 |
丙烯酸类B | 27 |
Cymel 5010 | 10 |
RSN 217有机硅 | 15 |
100 |
5甲酚酚醛树脂B=PR520,来自Allnex 62%固体
涂料C溶液,在水中
实施例4
涂料组合物D如对实施例1所述那样通过混合以下所示的成分来制备。
涂料D树脂固体
丙烯酸类B | 18.5 |
环氧化的大豆油 | 12.3 |
Epikure3115 | 7.6 |
RSN233有机硅<sup>5</sup> | 49 |
Cymel 5010 | 12.6 |
100 |
5RSN233倍半硅氧烷有机硅,来自Dow
涂料D溶液,在水中
实施例5
涂料组合物E如对实施例1所述那样通过混合以下所示的成分来制备。
涂料E树脂固体
涂料E溶液,在水中
实施例6
涂料组合物F通过混合以下所示的成分来制备。涂料F树脂固体
甲酚酚醛树脂A | 30 |
丙烯酸类C | 5 |
环氧化的大豆油 | 10 |
Epikure 3115 | 10 |
丙烯酸类D | 17 |
Cymel 1123 <sup>6</sup> | 12 |
RSN 217有机硅 | 16 |
100 |
6Cymel 1123=苯并胍胺,来自Allnex
实施例7
用Sprimag商业喷涂机使用Nordson MEG喷枪以如下停留时间和喷嘴将涂料A-F无空气喷涂到300X407罐,达到280-300MG的膜重量。喷涂参数
还用相同的方式喷涂用于食品罐的具有如下所示的组成的商购的2件式水基内部喷雾涂料。
树脂固体
该商业涂料为在水中30%固体,粘度为21秒,通过#4福特杯在78°F的温度测量。
将经喷涂的罐在425°F在烘箱中固化5分钟并放入试验包中。对于试验包,将商购的鸡肉面条汤加热至160°F,然后放入该经喷涂和固化的300x407罐中,其具有3/16英寸的顶空空间。将端部接封到罐。然后,将罐在250°F下蒸汽处理1小时。处理后,将罐冷却至室温过夜,最后在120°F下储存一或两周。如下所示,在一周或两周之后,在视觉上评定腐蚀的1-10级,其中10级没有腐蚀。评级为8.5或更高被认为是商业上可接受的。
DWI罐的顶部更容易腐蚀,因为由于拉拔过程,锡的水平低于罐的底部。
获得的结果如下所示。
测试包结果-涂料A-涂料C对比商业涂料
测试包结果-涂料D和E对比商业涂料
测试包结果-涂料F
如可以看到的,本发明的组合物在酚醛树脂少于商业产品的情况下实现了商业上可接受或接近可接受的耐腐蚀性;涂料D没有添加酚醛树脂也符合可接受的商业标准。
实施例7
用Sprimag商业喷涂机使用Nordson MEG喷枪以实施例6中所示的停留时间和喷嘴将涂料E无空气喷涂到300X407罐上,达到280-300MG的膜重量。利用以下测试对罐进行汤释放测试:
对稠的浓缩汤(绿豌豆汤)的汤释放测试
对于每种测试的涂料,一式三份进行测试。
重新包装程序
·加热汤至130°F
·把汤放入测试罐,留下1/4英寸顶空空间
·在250°F蒸汽处理30分钟,末端升起
·使罐在末端升起下在空干过夜,然后测试汤释放
·然后将罐在末端升起的情况下置于热室中如下所示的时间。在需要的储存时间之后,将测试罐冷却,然后测试汤释放。
汤释放工序
·与侧面切割的空罐的皮重平衡
·称重有汤的测试罐
·以90°的角度向下振荡对照罐,直到汤落出。
·对测试罐进行相同次数的连续振荡或直到汤落出罐,记录重量和振荡次数
汤释放计算
·起始重量(末端去除)A
·振荡后罐的重量B
·释放的汤量C
(A-B=C)
·计算释放的汤的百分比
还在热室暴露后测试了商购的浓缩绿豌豆汤,其包装于涂覆了商购的不含有机硅的Gold Epoxy的罐中。下表报告了释放的汤的平均百分比和振荡次数。
如可以从该表看到的,与商购产品相比,使用本发明的含有机硅的涂料,从罐取出食品的容易度和取出的量都得到了大幅提高。
虽然以上为了说明的目的已经描述了本发明的特定实施方式,但是对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,可以在不脱离如所附权利要求限定的本发明的情况下对本发明的细节进行多种变化。
Claims (23)
1.一种涂料,其包含:
a.环氧化植物油;
b.胺封端的聚酰胺;和
c.有机硅树脂;其中该组合物包含5wt%或更多环氧化植物油,其中wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。
2.权利要求1的涂料组合物,进一步包含30wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中重量百分比基于该涂料的总固体重量。
3.权利要求1的涂料组合物,其中该环氧化植物油包含环氧化的大豆油。
4.权利要求3的涂料组合物,其中该组合物包含10至13wt%环氧化的大豆油,其中wt%基于该组合物的总固体重量。
5.权利要求1的涂料组合物,进一步包含丙烯酸类树脂。
6.权利要求5的涂料组合物,其中该丙烯酸类树脂包含(甲基)丙烯酸和丙烯酸烷基酯。
7.权利要求1的涂料组合物,其中该聚酰胺的胺值为220至250,通过使用甲基紫指示剂用HBr/乙酸中的HBr滴定来测定。
8.权利要求1的涂料组合物,其中该有机硅包含硅醇官能的倍半硅氧烷有机硅树脂,并且该组合物具有10wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中wt%基于该涂料的总固体重量。
9.权利要求8的涂料组合物,其中该组合物具有5wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中wt%基于该涂料的总固体重量。
10.权利要求8的涂料组合物,其中该组合物具有1wt%或更少的酚醛树脂,其中wt%基于该涂料的总固体重量。
11.权利要求1的涂料,其中该涂料进一步包含苯并胍胺。
12.基材,其至少部分地涂覆有权利要求1的涂料组合物。
13.基材,其至少部分地涂覆有权利要求8的涂料组合物。
14.权利要求12的基材,其中该基材包括包装。
15.权利要求13的基材,其中该基材包括包装。
16.权利要求14的包装,其中该包装为金属罐。
17.权利要求15的包装,其中该包装为金属罐。
18.权利要求16的包装,其中从该金属罐的食物释放效率大于从用不含有机硅的涂料涂覆的金属罐的食物释放效率。
19.权利要求17的包装,其中从该金属罐的食物释放效率大于从用不含有机硅的涂料涂覆的金属罐的食物释放效率。
20.权利要求1的涂料组合物,其中该组合物不包括苯乙烯。
21.权利要求1的涂料组合物,其中该组合物不包括丙烯酸乙酯。
22.权利要求1的涂料组合物,其中该组合物不包括N-丁氧基甲基丙烯酰胺。
23.权利要求5的涂料组合物,其中该丙烯酸类树脂包含环状(甲基)丙烯酸酯。
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US20200354140A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
WO2018064328A1 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
EP3519519A1 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
KR102276112B1 (ko) | 2021-07-12 |
US11332303B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
KR20190053929A (ko) | 2019-05-20 |
MX2019003302A (es) | 2019-05-22 |
US20180086922A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
US10703920B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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