CN109796435B - 有机光电材料以及包括该有机材料的有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
有机光电材料以及包括该有机材料的有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109796435B CN109796435B CN201910086099.4A CN201910086099A CN109796435B CN 109796435 B CN109796435 B CN 109796435B CN 201910086099 A CN201910086099 A CN 201910086099A CN 109796435 B CN109796435 B CN 109796435B
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- LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N protoneodioscin Natural products O(C[C@@H](CC[C@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H]2[C@]3(C)[C@H]([C@H]4[C@@H]([C@]5(C)C(=CC4)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]4[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]6[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O6)[C@H](CO)O4)CC5)CC3)C[C@@H]2O1)C)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 LVTJOONKWUXEFR-FZRMHRINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N topotecan Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CN(C)C)=C2C=C(CN3C4=CC5=C(C3=O)COC(=O)[C@]5(O)CC)C4=NC2=C1 UCFGDBYHRUNTLO-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000303 topotecan Drugs 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种有机光电材料以及包括该有机材料的有机电致发光器件。本发明公开了上述有机光电材料的具体化合物结构。该有机光电材料,能够作为发光材料应用在有机电致发光器件中,从而提高了有机电致发光器件的最大电流效率,降低了有机电致发光器件的启亮电压,并且使得有机电致发光器件的所发出的可见光的光谱覆盖范围较广。
Description
技术领域
本申请是申请日为2016年06月08日、申请号为2016104033747、发明名称为《有机光电材料以及包括该有机材料的有机电致发光器件》的发明专利分案申请。
本发明涉及光电技术领域,尤其涉及一种有机光电材料以及包括该有机光电材料的有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光器件(简称OLED)产生于上世纪80年代,与液晶显示相比,OLED具有自发光、广视角、响应速度快、可实现柔性显示等诸多优点,因而受到广泛关注。
有机电致发光器件是一种电流驱动的发光器件,按照发光机制的不同,可以分为荧光器件和磷光器件两种,当电荷从电极注入器件时,由于电子自旋方向的随机性,单重态激子的比例只有25%,另外75%为三重态激子,一般情况下,荧光器件只能利用单重激发态激子发光,而磷光器件可以同时应用单重态激子和三重态激子的能量,因此,磷光器件的效率远大于荧光器件。
磷光器件的效率高于荧光器件,不过,磷光器件也有其不足之处,如磷光材料主要是含有贵金属的配合物,特别是金属铱和铂的配合物,由于金属铱和铂本身价格昂贵,因此,磷光材料的价格极其昂贵,这也限制了磷光材料的应用空间。
因此,开发使用荧光材料作为发光分子,且能够实现高效发光的OLED器件,这样的研究方向显得极具吸引力。
2012年,C.Adachi在Nature上发表论文(Nature.,2012,492,234),报道了一种基于热活化延迟荧光(TADF)机制,实现高效发光的荧光器件,这为高效率荧光器件的制作,带来了新方向。在现有的认识范围内,TADF材料,需要具有电子给体(简称D)和电子受体(简称A),由此组成的D-A型结构,能够实现延迟荧光的分子结构要求。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种有机光电材料,能够作为发光材料应用在有机电致发光器件中,从而提高了有机电致发光器件的最大电流效率,降低了有机电致发光器件的启亮电压,并且使得有机电致发光器件的所发出的可见光的光谱覆盖范围较广。
本发明的目的在于提供一种有机光电材料,由下述式Ⅰ所示。
在上述式Ⅰ中,R1和R2各自独立地选自氢基、氰基(-CN)、异硫氰基(-NCS)和苯基中的一种,R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8各自独立地选自氢基、卤基以及碳原子数为10~50且含有N、S、O中的至少一种的芳族杂环基中的一种。其中,卤基可根据实际需求进行选择,优选为氟基、氯基、溴基,进一步地,优选为氟基。在取代基中,优选R1和R2相同,R3、R4、R5、R6、R7和R8可以彼此相同,也可以彼此互不相同,也可以是其中的任意两者或者两者以上相同,并不受到具体的限制。
在上述式Ⅰ中,作为芳族杂环基的实例,可举出稠合杂环基、单环芳族杂环基和多环芳族杂环基等,其中稠合杂环基,可由单环芳族或非芳族杂环(杂环可以不同)缩合而得到,此外,所述芳族杂环基还可以为上述稠合杂环基、单环芳族杂环基或多环芳族杂环基中与芳基、卤代芳基和芳胺基中的至少一种基团键合后所得到,其中,芳基可举出苯基、芳烷基、至少含有一个苯基的芳基如联苯基,卤代芳基为芳基被F、Cl、Br中的至少一种取代后所形成的基团,其中优选F对芳基进行取代,芳胺基可举出二苯胺基,当然此处指出举出几个典型的基团,并不受到具体的限制。当含有N、S、O杂原子时,杂原子的个数并不受到具体的限制,例如可为1个、2个、3个、4个、5个、6个或者7个,另外,在一个取代基中,可以选取上述杂原子中的任意一种,也可以为上述杂原子中的任意两种或者三种。优选地,选择碳原子数为11~40的芳族杂环基,进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为11~36的芳族杂环基。
优选地,所述芳族杂环基选自下述式(1)~式(21)所示的基团中的一种或多种:
在上述式(1)、式(4)、式(9)、式(12)和式(17)中,R9和R10各自独立地选自氢基、碳原子数为1~10的烷基、碳原子数为6~10的芳基、碳原子数为6~20的芳胺基以及含有N且碳原子数为12~20的稠合杂环基的中的一种,R11选自氢基或碳原子数为1~10的烷基;上述式(1)~式(16)中,L表示键合的基团,L选自碳原子数为6~20的亚芳基、碳原子数为6~20的卤代亚芳基以及亚芳氰基中的一种,其中,卤原子为F、Cl、Br,优选F;上述式(17)~式(21)中,M表示键合的基团,M选自碳原子数为6~20的次芳基、卤代次芳基以及次芳氰基中的一种,其中,卤原子为F、Cl、Br,优选F。
在R9、R10和R11中,取代基如下所述。
碳原子数为1~10的烷基,链状烷基和环烷基均可,其中链状烷基又包括直链烷基和支链烷基,此外,链状烷基上的氢也可被环烷基所取代,同样的,位于环烷基上的氢也可被烷基取代。优选地,选择碳原子数为1~6的烷基,进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为1~4的链烷基,碳原子数为5~6的环烷基。作为烷基的实例,具体可以举出:甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、叔丁基。
碳原子数为6~10的芳基,例如可举出苯基、芳烷基等。优选地,选择碳原子数为6~9的芳基,更进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为6~8的芳基。
碳原子数为6~20的芳胺基,可为由例如氨(NH3)上的氢被芳基如苯基取代后形成的基团,具体可为二苯胺基,其中芳基的取代个数可为1个、2个或3个,其中所提及的芳基优选上述所提到的芳基,故此不再一一赘述。优选地,选择碳原子数为12~20的芳胺基,进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为12~16的芳胺基。
含有N且碳原子数为12~20的稠合杂环基的实例,可以举出咔唑基。优选地,选择含有N且碳原子数为12~16的稠合杂环基。
上述式(1)~式(16)中,L基团如下所述。
碳原子数为6~20的亚芳基,例如可为亚苯基、亚苯烷基如含有甲基或者叔丁基的苯基、至少含有一个苯基的亚芳基例如亚联苯基、亚稠环芳烃基,其中在亚联苯基和亚稠环芳烃基上的碳可以键合烷基和/或烯基,其中烷基如甲基、叔丁基。优选地,选择碳原子数为6~14的亚芳基,进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为6~12的亚芳基,更进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为6~8的亚芳基。作为亚芳基的实例,具体可以举出:
碳原子数为6~20的卤代亚芳基,为亚芳基被卤原子取代后形成的基团,其中优选上述提到的亚芳基被卤原子例如氟所取代,优选碳原子数为6~20的氟代亚芳基。优选地,选择碳原子数为6~14的卤代亚芳基,进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为6~14的卤代亚芳基,更进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为6~12的卤代亚芳基。作为卤代亚芳基的实例,具体可以举出:
亚芳氰基为亚芳基被氰基取代后形成的基团,其中优选上述提到的亚芳基被氰基所取代。
上述式(17)~式(21)中,M基团如下所述。
碳原子数为6~20的次芳基,为芳烃化合物上具有三个可与其他基团进行键合的基团。优选地,选择碳原子数为6~14的次芳基,进一步优选地,选择碳原子数为6~12的次芳基。作为次芳基的实例,具体可以举出:
上述提及的卤代次芳基以及次芳氰基为次芳基依次被卤原子或者氰基取代所形成的基团,优选被F所取代。
本发明所提供的有机光电材料,是含有苊并吡嗪结构的小分子材料,通过在含有苊并吡嗪的结构上选用其他化学基团进行修饰,具体所选用的化学基团如上所述,在此不再一一赘述,从而使得该有机光电材料具有D-A型或D-A-D型分子结构单元,也就是本发明提供的有机光电材料既含有电子受体核心,又含有电子给体,则该有机光电材料具有优良的荧光发射能力,具有合适的分子能级、适中的分子质量、良好的薄膜稳定性,适合作为小分子有机电致发光器件的功能层,应用在有机电致发光领域中,特别地,该有机光电材料可作为发光材料优先适用于小分子有机电致发光器件中的发光层。
本发明提供的有机光电材料作为发光材料应用在有机电致发光器件中后,使得有机电致发光器件可以发出不同颜色的可见光,例如天蓝、青色、绿色、橙色等颜色,光谱覆盖范围较广,并且提高了有机电致发光器件的性能,如大幅提高了器件的最大电流效率,同时降低了启亮电压。
作为有机光电材料的实例,具体可以举出如下化合物C001~C372,其中需要说明的是,下述化合物是符合本发明精神和原则的代表结构,应当理解,列出以下化合物的具体结构,只是为了更好地解释本发明,并非是对本发明的限制。
本发明中所提供的有机电致发光材料的具体制备方法,将在后文实施例中详细描述,与之有关的合成路线和制备工艺,均为有机合成领域中的常规步骤和常规选择,在此不再赘述。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种有机电致发光器件,包括阴极、阳极和发光层,所述发光层位于阳极和阴极之间,其中所述发光层由包括本发明所提供的有机光电材料制备获得。
此外,在上述有机电致发光器件中,还可包括空穴传输层、电子传输层和电子注入层,其中,空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层和电子注入层均位于阴极和阳极之间,在阳极上依次叠置有空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层和电子注入层。
在上述有机电致发光器件中,阳极优选为氧化铟锡(简称ITO)导电玻璃,空穴传输层优选NPB制备获得,发光层优选由本发明提供的材料和mCP共同制备获得,电子传输层由TPBI制备获得,电子注入层由LiF制备获得,阴极优选Al,其中NPB、mCP和TPBI如下所示。
在上述有机电致发光器件中,各个功能层并不限于使用上述所提及的材料,这些材料可以用其它材料代替,如空穴传输层可以由TAPC制备获得,电子传输层可以由TpPYPB制备获得,其中TAPC和TpPYPB如下所示:
在上述有机电致发光器件中,上述各个膜层,也就是说空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层和电子注入层均可通过蒸镀法、旋涂法或浇铸法等方法将各个膜层相对应的材料制成薄膜所形成。此外,为了各个膜层的材料薄膜化且易于获得均匀的膜层,与此同时,不易生成针孔,优选真空蒸镀法。选用真空蒸镀法时,其中加热温度、真空度、蒸镀速度以及基板的温度可根据实际需求进行常规选择即可。选用真空蒸镀法将相应的材料薄膜化时易于获得均匀的膜层,且不易生成针孔。
本发明提供的有机电致发光器选用常规方法制备即可,并无特别的需求。
本发明提供的有机电致发光器件中,由于含有本发明提供的有机光电材料,能够大大提高有机电致发光器件的最大电流效率,与此同时,还降低了启亮电压,显著提高了有机电致发光器件的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例所提供的有机电致发光器件的结构示意图。
附图标号说明:
101-阳极,102-空穴传输层,103-发光层,104-电子传输层,105-电子注入层,106-阴极。
具体实施方式
下面通过对本发明进行详细说明,本发明的特点和优点将随着这些说明而变得更为清楚、明确。
实施例
以下通过具体实例进一步描述本发明。不过这些实例仅仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的保护范围构成任何限制。
在下述实施例中,所使用到的试剂、材料以及仪器如没有特殊的说明,均为常规试剂、常规材料以及常规仪器,均可商购获得,其中所涉及的试剂也可通过常规合成方法合成获得。
实施例一化合物的制备
实施例1化合物1的制备
在1L三口瓶中加入5-溴苊醌(26.1g,0.1mol),乙二胺(13g,0.12mol)和冰乙酸(300mL),升温至回流,在空气气氛下,保温反应12h后,降至室温,之后,将反应液倒入1000mL的去离子水中,搅拌反应0.5h后,抽滤,并选用500mL去离子水淋洗滤饼,再选用150mL无水乙醇淋洗滤饼,收集滤饼,获得化合物1为22.2g,经计算收率为78%,质谱检测(简称MS)(m/z):281.9。
实施例2-实施例11化合物2~化合物11的制备
化合物2~11均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例1给出的方法以及原料配比,其中使用不同种类的底物为原料,均与乙二胺进行关环反应,其中在各个实施例中,所选用的原料和获得相应的化合物以及收率和质谱检测结果如下表1所示。
表1
实施例12化合物12的制备
在1L三口瓶中,加入5-溴苊醌(26.1g,0.1mol),二胺基马来腈(13g,0.12mol)和冰乙酸(300mL),升温至回流,保温反应6h后,降至室温,之后将反应液倒入1000mL去离子水中,搅拌0.5h,然后抽滤,再选用500mL去离子水淋洗滤饼,然后选用150mL无水乙醇淋洗滤饼后,收集滤饼,得到化合物12为28.6g,经计算收率为86%,质谱检测(简称MS)(m/z):331.9。
实施例13-实施例22化合物13~化合物22的制备
化合物13~22均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例12给出的方法以及原料配比,其中使用不同种类的底物为原料,均与二氨基马来腈进行关环反应,其中在各个实施例中,所选用的原料和获得相应的化合物以及收率和质谱检测结果如下表2所示。
表2
实施例23前述化合物C001的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物1(2.83g,0.01mol),咔唑(2.0g,0.012mol),叔丁醇钠(1.92g,0.02mol),醋酸钯(0.044g,0.0002mol),三叔丁基膦(0.081g,0.0004mol)和邻二甲苯(30g),将体系升温至回流,保温反应8h后,降温至25℃,之后加入20g去离子水,搅拌10min,然后分液,收集有机相,再抽滤,抽滤后,对滤液脱溶剂,获得粗品,然后使用硅胶柱层析纯化粗品,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯,之后再使用化学气相沉积系统对粗品进一步升华提纯,其中升华温度为320℃,最终获得1.7g化合物C001,经计算收率为46%。
经高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式检测后,化合物C001的分子式为C26H15N3,检测值为369.1268,而理论值为369.1266;另外,化合物C001经过元素分析后,检测得到C:84.54%,H:4.11%,N:11.35%,理论值为C:84.53%,H:4.09%,N:11.37%。
实施例24-实施例61化合物C003~化合物C235中的部分化合物的制备
化合物C003~化合物235中的部分化合物均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例23给出的方法以及原料配比,进行C-N偶联反应,只是改变原料的种类,其中在各个实施例中,获得相应的化合物结构、与其相应的分子式、制备化合物的收率以及高分辨质谱和元素分析检测结果如下表3中所示。
表3
注:上述表3中波浪线表示C-N键生成的位置。
实施例62化合物C265的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物7(3.62g,0.01mol)、咔唑(4.0g,0.024mol)、叔丁醇钠(3.85g,0.04mol)、醋酸钯(0.088g,0.0004mol)、三叔丁基膦(0.16g,0.0008mol)和邻二甲苯(40g),升温至回流,保温反应16h后,降温至25℃,之后加入20g去离子水,搅拌10min,再分液,之后收集有机相,然后抽滤,再将滤液脱溶剂,获得粗品,然后使用硅胶柱层析纯化粗品,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯,最后在使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯粗品,其中升华温度为350℃,获得2.9g化合物C265,经计算收率为54%。
经高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式检测后,化合物C265的分子式为C38H22N4,检测值为534.1849,而理论值为534.1844;另外,化合物C265经过元素分析后,检测得到C:85.34%,H:4.19%,N:10.47%,而理论值为C:85.37%,H:4.15%,N:10.48%。
实施例63-实施例86化合物C266~化合物C372中的部分化合物的制备
化合物C266~化合物C372中的部分化合物均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例62给出的方法以及原料配比,进行C-N偶联反应,只是改变原料的种类,其中在各个实施例中,获得相应的化合物结构、与其相应的分子式、制备化合物的收率以及高分辨质谱和元素分析检测结果如下表4中所示。
表4
注:上述表4中波浪线表示C-N键生成的位置。
实施例87化合物C013的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物1(2.83g,0.01mol)、4-(9H-咔唑)苯硼酸(3.44g,0.012mol)、碳酸钾(5.5g,0.04mol)、醋酸钯(0.088g,0.0004mol)、三苯基膦(0.21g,0.0008mol)、甲苯(40g)和去离子水(15g),将体系升温至回流,保温反应16h后,降温至25℃,然后分液,再收集有机相,之后抽滤,收集滤液,脱溶剂,获得粗品,然后使用硅胶柱层析纯化粗品,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯,最后使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯粗品,其中升华温度为340℃,获得1.9g化合物C013,经计算收率43%。
经高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式检测后,化合物C013分子式为C32H19N3,检测值为445.1573,而理论值445.1579;另外,化合物C013经元素分析后,检测得到C:86.23%,H:4.29%,N:9.48%,而理论值为C:86.27%,H:4.30%,N:9.43%。
实施例88-实施例138化合物C014~化合物C239中的部分化合物的制备
化合物C014~化合物239中的部分化合物均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例87给出的方法以及原料配比,进行C-C偶联反应,只是改变原料的种类,其中在各个实施例中,获得相应的化合物结构、与其相应的分子式、制备化合物的收率以及高分辨质谱和元素分析检测结果如下表5中所示。
表5
注:上述表5中波浪线表示C-C键生成的位置。
实施例139化合物C269的制备
在250mL三口瓶中,加入化合物7(3.62g,0.01mol)、4-(9H-咔唑)苯硼酸(6.9g,0.024mol)、碳酸钾(11g,0.08mol)、醋酸钯(0.088g,0.0004mol)、三苯基膦(0.21g,0.0008mol)、甲苯(80g)和去离子水(35g),升温至回流,保温反应28h后,降温至25℃,再分液,之后收集有机相,然后抽滤,收集滤液,脱溶剂,获得粗品,再使用硅胶柱层析纯化粗品,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯,最终使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯粗品,其中升华温度为370℃,最终获得2.7g化合物C269,经计算收率为39%。
经高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式检测后,化合物C269的分子式为C50H30N4,检测值为686.2476,而理论值为686.2470;另外,化合物C269经过元素分析后,检测得到C:87.46%,H:4.41%,N:8.13%,而理论值为C:87.44%,H:4.40%,N:8.16%。
实施例140-实施例151化合物C270~化合物C329中的部分化合物的制备
化合物C270~化合物C329中的部分化合物均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例139给出的方法以及原料配比,进行C-C偶联反应,只是改变原料的种类,其中在各个实施例中,获得相应的化合物结构、与其相应的分子式、制备化合物的收率以及高分辨质谱和元素分析检测结果如下表6中所示。
表6
注:上述表6中波浪线表示C-C键生成的位置。
实施例152化合物27的制备
化合物23的制备:在1L三口瓶中,加入5-溴苊醌(26.1g,0.1mol)、2,3-二氨基-1,4-丁二醇(14.4g,0.12mol)和冰乙酸(300mL),升温至回流,然后在空气气氛中,保温反应18h,之后降至室温,再将反应液倒入1000mL的去离子水中后,搅拌0.5h,再抽滤,然后选用500mL去离子水淋洗滤饼,再选用150mL无水乙醇淋洗滤饼,收集滤饼,获得化合物23为32.8g,经计算收率为95.6%,MS(m/z)检测值为342.1。
化合物24的制备:在500mL三口瓶中,加入化合物23(32.5g,0.095mol)、二氧化锰(35g,0.4mol)和1,2-二氯乙烷(300g),升温至回流,保温反应32h,之后降温至25℃,再抽滤,收集滤液,脱去溶剂,获得22.4g化合物24,经计算收率为70%,MS(m/z)检测值为337.9。
化合物25的制备:在500mL三口瓶中,加入化合物24(22.2g,0.066mol)和四氢呋喃(120g),然后降温至5℃,再将盐酸羟胺(11.2g,0.16mol),乙酸钠(13.1g,0.16mol)溶解在140g去离子水中,而后滴加到三口瓶中,控制瓶内温度小于25℃,0.5小时滴加完毕后,在20℃下保温反应3小时,之后升温至60℃,保温反应1小时,然后降温至25℃,将反应液慢慢倒入500mL去离子水中,之后搅拌1h,再抽滤,然后选用去离子水淋洗至中性,收集滤饼,烘干,获得化合物25为23g,经计算收率为94%,MS(m/z)检测值为368.1。
化合物26的制备:在500mL三口瓶中,加入化合物25(22.5g,0.061mol)和四氢呋喃(150g),将体系降温至15℃,再将N-氯-丁二酰亚胺(简称NCS)(16g,0.12mol)溶解在80g N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)之中,而后慢慢滴入三口瓶中,保持反应温度为25~28℃,2小时滴加完毕(反应引发时,剧烈放热)后,在25℃下保温反应2小时,停止反应,待用。
化合物27的制备:在500mL三口瓶中,加入硫脲(10g,0.133mol)、三乙胺(14g,0.133mol)和四氢呋喃(55g),开始搅拌,而后缓慢滴加上一步制备的化合物26的反应液,保持反应温度小于30℃,1小时滴加完毕后,在25℃下保温3小时,然后抽滤,收集滤饼,获得粗产品,再使用硅胶柱层析纯化粗产品,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯,获得化合物27为18.9g,经计算收率为78%,MS(m/z)检测值395.9。
实施例153化合物28的制备
按照实施例152中给出的方法以及原料配比,只是以5,6-二溴苊醌为原料,制备得到化合物28为8.2g,MS(m/z)检测值为475.8。
实施例154化合物C081的制备
在100mL三口瓶中,加入化合物27(1.58g,0.004mol)、咔唑(0.83g,0.005mol)、CuI(0.19g,0.001mol)、邻菲罗啉(0.36g,0.002mol)、碳酸钾(1.38g,0.01mol)和邻二氯苯(32g),将体系升温至150℃,保温反应32h后,降至室温,再加入甲苯50mL,之后使用20mL去离子水洗涤有机相两次,然后分液,收集有机相,再减压脱溶剂,获得粗品,选用硅胶柱层析纯化粗品,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯与二氯甲烷的混合溶剂,乙酸乙酯与二氯甲烷的体积比为为乙酸乙酯:二氯甲烷=2:1,获得化合物C081,再使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯化合物C081,其中升华温度为310℃,获得0.9g化合物C081,经计算收率为47%。
经高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式检测,化合物C081的分子式C28H13N5S2,检测值为483.0618,而理论值483.0612;另外,化合物C081经过元素分析后,检测得到C:69.54%,H:2.72%,N:14.44%,S:13.30%,而理论值为C:69.55%,H:2.71%,N:14.48%,S:13.26%。
实施例155-实施例158化合物C089~化合物C283中的部分化合物的制备
化合物C089~化合物C283中的部分化合物均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例154给出的方法以及原料配比,进行C-N偶联反应,只是改变原料的种类,其中在各个实施例中,获得相应的化合物结构、与其相应的分子式、制备化合物的收率以及高分辨质谱和元素分析检测结果如下表7所示。
表7
注:上述表7中波浪线表示C-N键生成的位置。
实施例159化合物C093的制备
在50mL三口瓶中,加入化合物27(1.58g,0.004mol)、4-(9H-咔唑)苯硼酸(1.44g,0.005mol)、碳酸钾(1.1g,0.008mol)、醋酸钯(0.022g,0.0001mol)、三苯基膦(0.052g,0.0002mol)、甲苯(28g)和去离子水(12g),将体系升温至回流后,保温反应16h,之后降温至25℃,再分液,收集有机相,然后抽滤,收集滤液,再脱溶剂,获得粗品使用硅胶柱层析进行纯化,其中洗脱剂为乙酸乙酯,然后使用化学气相沉积系统进一步升华提纯,其中升华温度为330℃,获得1.1g化合物C093,经计算收率为49%。
经高分辨质谱,ESI源,正离子模式检测,化合物C093的分子式C34H17N5S2,检测值为559.0921,而理论值为559.0925;另外,化合物C093经元素分析后,检测得到C:72.99%,H:3.07%,N:12.49%,S:11.45%,而理论值为C:72.97%,H:3.06%,N:12.51%,S:11.46%。
实施例160-实施例164化合物C099-化合物C117中的部分化合物的制备
化合物C099~化合物C117中的部分化合物均按照下述方法进行制备:
按照实施例159给出的方法以及原料配比,进行C-C偶联反应,只是改变原料的种类,其中在各个实施例中,获得相应的化合物结构、与其相应的分子式、制备化合物的收率以及高分辨质谱和元素分析检测结果如下表8所示。
表8
注:上述表8中波浪线表示C-C键生成的位置。
从上述表1~表8中的数据可以得知,本发明已经成功获得了所提供的有机光电材料,即式Ⅰ所示的有机光电材料。
实施例二制备有机电致发光器件(以下可简称为器件)
在下述制备有机电致发光器件的实施例中,所用到的试剂材料如下所示:
阳极:氧化铟锡(简称ITO)导电玻璃,空穴传输材料:NPB,
发光材料:mCP,电子传输材料:TPBI,电子注入材料:LiF,其中,NPB、mCP以及TPBI的结构式在前述中提到,在此不再赘述。
实施例165~实施例231器件165~231的制备
有机电致发光器件均按照下述方法进行制备:
a)清洗阳极:分别用去离子水、丙酮、乙醇超声清洗ITO导电玻璃,在上述溶剂中各超声清洗30分钟,然后在等离子体清洗器中处理5分钟;
b)在步骤a)中获得的阳极上真空蒸镀空穴传输材料NPB,获得空穴传输层,厚度为50nm;
c)在步骤b)中获得的空穴传输层上,真空蒸镀包括前述实施例一中制备得到的化合物和mCP的发光材料,获得发光层,发光层的厚度为30nm,其中,化合物:mCP=1:10(W/W);
d)在步骤c)中获得的发光层上,真空蒸镀电子传输材料TPBI,获得电子传输层,电子传输层的厚度为30nm;
e)在步骤d)中获得的电子传输层上,真空蒸镀电子注入材料LiF,获得电子注入层,电子注入层的厚度为1nm;
f)在步骤e)中获得的电子注入层上,真空蒸镀阴极Al,阴极的厚度为100nm,获得有机电致发光器件。
在上述制备有机电致发光器件中,真空蒸镀时,压力小于1.0×10-3Pa。
由上述制备过程制备得到的有机电致发光器件,如图1中所示,包括阳极101、空穴传输层102、发光层103、电子传输层104、电子注入层105、阴极106,其中,空穴传输层102、发光层103、电子传输层104、电子注入层105均位于阴极106和阳极101之间,在阳极101上依次叠置有空穴传输层102、发光层103、电子传输层104和电子注入层105。
试验例
选用日本拓普康公司SR3型分光辐射度计对上述实施例制备得到的有机电致发光器件进行下述测试,得到各个有机电致发光器件中的启亮电压、最大电流效率和光谱颜色。
在上述试验例中,检测各有机电致发光器件所得到的启亮电压、最大电流效率和光谱颜色如下表9中所示。
表9
由上述表9的结果,可以得知,本发明所提供的有机光电材料可应用于有机电致发光器件中。此外,通过由实施例中制备得到的器件的检测结果,还可以得知,本发明提供的有机光电材料使得有机电致发光器件获得优异的表现,本发明所提供的有机光电材料作为有机电致发光器件的发光材料使用,使得器件具有较大的最大电流效率,且使得器件具有较低的的启亮电压,同时,器件可以发出不同颜色的可见光,且光谱覆盖范围较广。根据上述说明书的揭示,本发明所属领域的技术人员还可以对上述实施方式进行适当的变更和修改。因此,本发明并不局限于上面揭示和描述的具体实施方式,对本发明的一些修改和变更也应当落入本发明的权利要求的保护范围内。
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