TWI756542B - 有機化合物及使用其的有機電激發光元件 - Google Patents
有機化合物及使用其的有機電激發光元件 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI756542B TWI756542B TW108120232A TW108120232A TWI756542B TW I756542 B TWI756542 B TW I756542B TW 108120232 A TW108120232 A TW 108120232A TW 108120232 A TW108120232 A TW 108120232A TW I756542 B TWI756542 B TW I756542B
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 73
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 benzoindenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001769 aryl amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005241 heteroarylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIZMDHZLHJBNSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dihydrophenazine Chemical group C1=CC=C2N=C(C=CCC3)C3=NC2=C1 ZIZMDHZLHJBNSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- TWAVLAUIQVYLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrol-1-ylpyrrole Chemical group C1=CC=CN1N1C=CC=C1 TWAVLAUIQVYLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triphenylene Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 SLGBZMMZGDRARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical class N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005331 diazinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004988 dibenzothienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 claims description 2
- GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylphosphine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1PC1=CC=CC=C1 GPAYUJZHTULNBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 2
- OLAKSHDLGIUUET-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-anilinosulfanylaniline Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NSNC1=CC=CC=C1 OLAKSHDLGIUUET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005041 phenanthrolines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005561 phenanthryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001725 pyrenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005580 triphenylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 273
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 137
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 66
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 59
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 57
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 19
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 13
- 0 *1c(cc(*c2c-3c(cccc4)c4c4c2c2ccccc2c2c4cccc2)c-3c2)c2-c2ccccc12 Chemical compound *1c(cc(*c2c-3c(cccc4)c4c4c2c2ccccc2c2c4cccc2)c-3c2)c2-c2ccccc12 0.000 description 12
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile Chemical compound C12=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=C1N=C(C#N)C(C#N)=N2 DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- UFCZRCPQBWIXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,8-dibromodibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=C(Br)C=C2C3=CC(Br)=CC=C3OC2=C1 UFCZRCPQBWIXTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SWJPEBQEEAHIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dibromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 SWJPEBQEEAHIGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- BXXLTVBTDZXPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-iodobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1I BXXLTVBTDZXPTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- ORPVVAKYSXQCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Br ORPVVAKYSXQCJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DXRVYZGVVFZCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dibromo-1-nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1Br DXRVYZGVVFZCFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OJXSDGANBIYQDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1(C)c(cc2[o]c(cc(c3ccccc3c3c4c5ccccc5cc3)c4c3)c3c2c2)c2-c2ccccc12 Chemical compound CC1(C)c(cc2[o]c(cc(c3ccccc3c3c4c5ccccc5cc3)c4c3)c3c2c2)c2-c2ccccc12 OJXSDGANBIYQDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NSGDYZCDUPSTQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[5-bromo-1-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-4-methyl-2-oxopyridin-3-yl]cycloheptanecarboxamide Chemical compound Cc1c(Br)cn(Cc2ccc(F)cc2)c(=O)c1NC(=O)C1CCCCCC1 NSGDYZCDUPSTQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- CJRHLSZJEFJDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 5-bromo-2-iodobenzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1I CJRHLSZJEFJDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylboronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HXITXNWTGFUOAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- TUGMGVWOTWPOET-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-phenylnaphthalen-1-yl)boronic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=CC=CC=C2C(B(O)O)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 TUGMGVWOTWPOET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DDGPPAMADXTGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound N=1C(Cl)=NC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 DDGPPAMADXTGTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WDNWGRMGIZVOEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dibromo-9,9-dimethylfluorene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=C2C(C)(C)C3=CC=C(Br)C=C3C2=C1 WDNWGRMGIZVOEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VPFNQCPTLVFICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1(C)c(cc(c(c2c3cc4c5c(cccc6)c6ccc5c5ccccc5c4c2)c2)[n]3-c3ccccc3)c2-c2ccccc12 Chemical compound CC1(C)c(cc(c(c2c3cc4c5c(cccc6)c6ccc5c5ccccc5c4c2)c2)[n]3-c3ccccc3)c2-c2ccccc12 VPFNQCPTLVFICI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UQKRJMYBUDRKAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1(C)c(cc(c2c3)[s]c(cc4)c2c2c4c4ccccc4c4c(cccc5)c5ccc24)c3-c2ccccc12 Chemical compound CC1(C)c(cc(c2c3)[s]c(cc4)c2c2c4c4ccccc4c4c(cccc5)c5ccc24)c3-c2ccccc12 UQKRJMYBUDRKAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- UKGHMNPNPCSUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(2-Naphthyl)phenyl]boronic acid Chemical group OB(O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 UKGHMNPNPCSUIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis[(2-methylquinolin-8-yl)oxy]-(4-phenylphenoxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC=C([O-])C2=NC(C)=CC=C21.C1=CC([O-])=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 UFVXQDWNSAGPHN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- XDCRHLXQSTXASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-[n]1c(cc(c(c2c3)c4)[s]c2cc2c3c(c3ccccc3cc3)c3c3ccccc23)c4c2ccccc12 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-[n]1c(cc(c(c2c3)c4)[s]c2cc2c3c(c3ccccc3cc3)c3c3ccccc23)c4c2ccccc12 XDCRHLXQSTXASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FJWHMEKLZXXWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-[n]1c(cc2[o]c3ccc(c4ccccc4c4c(cccc5)c5ccc44)c4c3c2c2)c2c2ccccc12 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-[n]1c(cc2[o]c3ccc(c4ccccc4c4c(cccc5)c5ccc44)c4c3c2c2)c2c2ccccc12 FJWHMEKLZXXWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- NKVDKFWRVDHWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium(3+);1-phenylisoquinoline Chemical compound [Ir+3].C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12.C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12 NKVDKFWRVDHWGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- NJWJVPXCXKIBJD-QURGRASLSA-N n,n-diphenyl-6-[(e)-2-[4-(n-phenylanilino)phenyl]ethenyl]naphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C=1C=C(N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1/C=C/C(C=C1C=C2)=CC=C1C=C2N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NJWJVPXCXKIBJD-QURGRASLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- HZAHUCNALCOANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brc(cc1c2c3)ccc1[o]c2ccc3-c1ccc(cccc2)c2c1-c1ccccc1 Chemical compound Brc(cc1c2c3)ccc1[o]c2ccc3-c1ccc(cccc2)c2c1-c1ccccc1 HZAHUCNALCOANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGVXADRXYUIFMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brc1ccc2[o]c(cc(c3ccccc3c3c4ccc5c3cccc5)c4c3)c3c2c1 Chemical compound Brc1ccc2[o]c(cc(c3ccccc3c3c4ccc5c3cccc5)c4c3)c3c2c1 RGVXADRXYUIFMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SQMFKMABLSCPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(c(c(-c1c2)c3)cc4c3c3ccccc3[nH]4)c1cc1c2c2ccccc2c2c1c(cccc1)c1c(OC)c2 Chemical compound CC(C)(c(c(-c1c2)c3)cc4c3c3ccccc3[nH]4)c1cc1c2c2ccccc2c2c1c(cccc1)c1c(OC)c2 SQMFKMABLSCPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SCQITTMKLZEYGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(c1c2)c(cc(c(cccc3)c3c3c4c5ccccc5cc3)c4c3)c3-c1cc(c1ccccc11)c2[n]1-c1ccccc1 Chemical compound CC(C)(c1c2)c(cc(c(cccc3)c3c3c4c5ccccc5cc3)c4c3)c3-c1cc(c1ccccc11)c2[n]1-c1ccccc1 SCQITTMKLZEYGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron tribromide Chemical compound BrB(Br)Br ILAHWRKJUDSMFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004768 lowest unoccupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BNASDYJRNOLPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium 2-phenylquinoline Chemical compound [Ir].c1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc2ccccc2n1.c1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc2ccccc2n1.c1ccc(cc1)-c1ccc2ccccc2n1 BNASDYJRNOLPQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005424 photoluminescence Methods 0.000 description 1
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- MWEKPLLMFXIZOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyren-1-ylboronic acid Chemical compound C1=C2C(B(O)O)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 MWEKPLLMFXIZOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07D209/94—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered
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- C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles
- C07D209/86—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system
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- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/77—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D307/91—Dibenzofurans; Hydrogenated dibenzofurans
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- C07D333/76—Dibenzothiophenes
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
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- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
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- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
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- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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- C07D417/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本發明提供了可在有機電激發光元件中用作發光層的磷光主體材料、螢光主體材料、或螢光摻雜劑材料、及/或電子傳輸材料的有機化合物。採用該有機化合物的有機電激發光元件可以降低驅動電壓、延長半衰期、或提高電流效率。
Description
本發明是關於一種有機化合物,特別是關於一種使用該有機化合物的有機電激發光元件。
有機電激發光(有機EL)組件是一種有機發光二極體(OLED),其中發光層是由有機化合物製成的膜,有機化合物可回應電流而發光。包含有機化合物的發光層被夾置於兩個電極之間。有機EL組件由於其高照度、重量輕、超薄外形、自照明而無需背光、低功耗、廣視角、高對比、製造方法簡單以及反應時間快速而被應用於平板顯示器。
典型上,有機EL組件是由位於兩個電極之間的有機材料層構成。有機材料層包括電洞傳輸層(hole transporting layer;HTL)、發光層(emitting layer;EML)、及電子傳輸層(electron transporting layer;ETL)。有機電激發光的基本原理涉及載子(carrier)的注入、傳輸、及複合以及激子(exciton)的形成,以進行發光。當向有機EL組件施加外部電壓時,電子和電洞分別從陰極和陽極注入。電子從陰極注入最低未佔用分子軌域(lowest unoccupied molecular orbital,LUMO)中,而電洞從陽極注入最高佔用分子軌域(highest occupied molecular orbital,HOMO)中。隨後,電子在發光層中與電洞重組而形成激子,然後激子失活而發光。當
發光分子吸收能量而達到激發態時,依據電子和電洞的自旋組合,激子可呈單重態或三重態。眾所周知,在電激發下形成的激子通常包括25%的單重態激子和75%的三重態激子。然而,在螢光材料中,75%的三重態激子中的電生成能量將作為熱量消散,因為從三重態衰減是自旋禁阻(spin forbidden)的。因此,螢光電激發光組件僅具有25%的內部量子效率(internal quantum efficiency),導致理論上最高的外部量子效率(EQE)僅有5%,因為組件的光輸出耦合效率只有約20%。相較於螢光電激發光組件,磷光有機EL組件利用自旋-軌域相互作用(spin-orbit interaction)來促進單重態與三重態之間的系統間穿越(intersystem crossing),因此來自單重態和三重態的發光皆可取得,而且電激發光組件的內部量子效率可自25%升至100%。
對於使用有機EL組件的平板顯示器來說,有機EL組件中使用的有機材料仍無法令人滿意。如果可以在延長半衰期、降低驅動電壓、或提高電流效率等等任何一方面,能有改善,都足以使有機EL組件或平板顯示器等相關產業有明顯的發展與提升。因此,本發明的目的之一,是提供一種有機化合物及使用該有機化合物的有機EL元件,該有機EL元件可以表現出更高的亮度或電流效率、或更長的半衰期。
因此,本發明的目的是提供一種有機化合物及使用該有機化合物的有機EL元件,該有機EL元件可以表現出更高的亮度或電流效率、或更長的半衰期。
本發明的另一目的是提供一種有機化合物及使用該有機化合物的有機EL元件,該有機EL元件能夠在降低的電壓下操作、或表現出更高的電流效率或更長的半衰期。
本發明的又一個目的是提供一種有機化合物,該有機化合物可在有機EL元件中用作發光層的磷光主體材料、螢光主體材料、或螢光摻雜劑材料、及/或電子傳輸材料,以改善功耗、亮度、電流效率、元件光色、或壽命。
其中X和Y是二價橋獨立選自於由O、S、Se、NR4、CR5R6、和SiR7R8所構成的群組;R1至R3獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50
個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;R4為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;以及R5至R8獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代烷基(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、或叔丁基)、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代(例如被甲基取代)或未經取代芳基(例如苯基)、具有6至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基(例如吡啶基)、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有3至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基。
本發明進一步提供一種有機電激發光元件。該有機電激發光元件(有機EL元件)包含由陰極和陽極組成的電極對、及在該電極對之間的發光層及一個或多個有機薄膜層。該發光層和該有機薄膜層中的至少一個例如式(1)或式(2)的有機化合物。本發明使用的有機化合物用於作為摻雜劑材料或主體材料,可使有機EL元件在相同電壓下具有更高的亮度(例如約1036~1506cd/m2)或電流效率(例如約5.50~7.62cd/A)、或更長的半衰期(例如約388~480小時)。本發明的有機EL元件使用式(1)或式(2)的有機化合物作為電子傳輸材料,可具有降低的驅動電壓(例如約4.3~5.0V)、更低的功耗、更高的電流效率(例如約7.82~8.60cd/A)、更長的半衰期(例如約425~560小時)。本發明的有機EL元件使用式(1)或式(2)的有機化合物作為磷光主體材料,在相同電壓下可具有更高的亮度(例如約880~1311cd/m2)或電流效率(例如約11.19~36.22cd/A)及更長的半衰期(例如約680~1136小時)。
10:透明電極
20:電洞注入層
30:電洞傳輸層
40:發光層
50:電子傳輸層
60:電子注入層
70:金屬電極
圖1為本發明的有機EL元件的一個實施方式。
本發明欲探究前述有機材料以及使用此類有機材料的有機EL裝置。在下文中將提供生產、結構以及要素的詳細描述以使本發明可充分地被理解。顯然本發明的應用並不限於本領域所屬技術領域技術人員所熟悉的特定細節。另一方面,普遍周知的常見元素和過程並未詳細描述于本發明中,且不應對本發明產生不必要的限制。現將在下文中更詳細地描述本發明的一些較佳實施方式。但是,應認知的是,本發明可以在除明確描述的實施方式之外的廣泛多種其它實施方式中實踐,即,本發明還可以廣泛應用於其它實施方式,並且除了如本發明中所指定外,本發明的範圍不受明確限制。
其中X和Y是二價橋獨立選自於由O、S、Se、NR4、CR5R6、和SiR7R8所構成的群組;R1至R3獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;R4為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;以及R5至R8獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代烷基(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、或叔丁基)、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代(例如被甲基取代)或未經取代芳基(例如苯基)、具有6至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基(例如吡啶基)、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有3至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基。
X和Y是二價橋獨立選自於由O、S、Se、NR4、CR5R6、和SiR7R8所構成的群組;R1至R3獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;R4為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;以及R5至R8獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代烷基(例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、或叔丁基)、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代(例如被甲基取代)或未經取代芳基(例如苯基)、具有6至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基(例如吡啶基)、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有3至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基。
在一些實施例中,R1至R4獨立為經取代或未經取代苯基、經取代或未經取代二苯基、經取代或未經取代氟基、經取代或未經取代苯並茀基、經
取代或未經取代萘基、經取代或未經取代蒽基、經取代或未經取代菲基、經取代或未經取代芘基、經取代或未經取代基、經取代或未經取代三亞苯基、經取代或未經取代苯並咪唑、經取代或未經取代哢唑基、經取代或未經取代雙哢唑基、經取代或未經取代二苯並喃基、經取代或未經取代二苯並噻吩基、經取代或未經取代二苯基磷氧、經取代或未經取代三嗪基、經取代或未經取代二嗪基、經取代或未經取代吡啶基、經取代或未經取代菲羅啉基、經取代或未經取代二氫吖啶基、經取代或未經取代硫二苯胺基、經取代或未經取代二氫吩嗪基、經取代或未經取代二苯胺基、經取代或未經取代三苯胺基、經取代(例如苯取代)或未經取代的喹唑啉基、經取代或未經取代的吩惡嗪基、或經取代或未經取代苯基二苯並呋喃苯胺。
在本發明的另一個實施例中,提供了一種有機電激發光元件。所述有機電激發光元件包含由陰極和陽極組成的一電極對、及在該電極對之間的發光層及一個或多個有機薄膜層。所述發光層和有機薄膜層中的至少一個包含例如式(1)、式(2)、式(12)、式(13)、式(14)、或式(15)的有機化合物。
在一些實施例中,包含式(1)、式(2)、式(12)、式(13)、式(14)、或式(15)的有機化合物的發光層為主體材料。所述主體材料可以是磷光主體材料或螢光主體材料。在某些實施例中,包含式(1)、式(2)、式(12)、式(13)、式(14)、或式(15)的有機化合物的發光層被用作螢光摻雜劑材料。
在一些實施例中,包含式(1)、式(2)、式(12)、式(13)、式(14)、或式(15)的有機化合物的有機薄膜層為電子傳輸層。
在本發明的另一實施例中,所述有機電激發光元件為一發光面板。在本發明的其他實施例中,所述有機電激發光元件為背光面板。
將借助以下的示例性實施例來清楚闡明本發明的有機化合物的詳細製備,但本發明並不限於此等示例性實施例。實施例1至實施例15說明本發明的有機化合物的製備,而實施例16至實施例18說明有機EL元件的製造及測試報告。然而,本發明並不限於這些實施例。實施例1至實施例15只是舉例說明本發明有機化合物的製備,而實施例16至實施例18也僅只是舉例說明若干有機EL組件的製造及測試報告而已,並非用以限制本發明。
將3g(8.4mmol)10-溴苯並[g]、2.5g(10.1mmol)4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-八甲基-2,2'-雙(1,3,2-二惡硼烷)、0.12g(0.1mmol)Pd(PPh3)4、1.0g(12.6mmol)乙酸鈉、及60ml 1,4-二氧六環的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在100℃下加熱6小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。隨後,用乙酸乙酯和水萃取有機層,然後用無水硫酸鎂乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到中間體A(2.8g,85%)。
將2g(5.0mmol)中間體A1、1.4g(5.0mmol)2,4-二溴硝基苯、0.06g(0.05mmol)Pd(PPh3)4、10ml 2M Na2CO3水溶液、10ml EtOH、及30ml甲苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在100℃下加熱12小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。隨後,用二氯甲烷和水萃取有機層,然後用無水MgSO4乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到中間體A2(1.2g,50%)。
將1g(2.1mmol)中間體A2、5.5g(21.0mmol)三苯基膦、及30ml oDCB的混合物置於氮氣下,然後在180℃下加熱8小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。將混合物倒入水中,然後過濾,得到中間體A3(0.5g,50%)。
將2.0g(4.5mmol)中間體A3、1.1g(6.7mmol)溴苯、0.05g(0.2mmol)Pd(OAc)2、0.1g(0.4mmol)三叔丁基鏻四氟硼酸鹽、0.9g(9.0mmol)叔丁醇鈉、及50ml甲苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在120℃下加熱16小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。隨後,用二氯甲烷和水萃取有機層,然後用無水MgSO4乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到中間體A4(1.3g,55%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):523.5。
將2g(3.8mmol)中間體A4、1.5g(5.7mmol)4,4,4',4',5,5,5',5'-八甲基-2,2'-雙(1,3,2-二惡硼烷)、0.09g(0.076mmol)Pd(PPh3)4、0.7g(7.6mmol)乙酸鈉、及60ml 1,4-二氧六環(1,4-Dioxane)的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在100℃下加熱6小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。隨後,用乙酸乙酯和水萃取有機層,然後用無水硫酸鎂乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到中間體A5(1.7g,80%)。
將2g(3.5mmol)中間體A5、1.0g(3.5mmol)2-碘苯甲酸甲酯、0.04g(0.04mmol)Pd(PPh3)4、10ml 2M Na2CO3水溶液、10ml EtOH、及30ml甲苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在100℃下加熱12小時。反應完成後,使混合物
冷卻至室溫。隨後,用二氯甲烷和水萃取有機層,然後用無水硫酸鎂乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到中間體A6(1.6g,82.1%)。
在氮氣下,在乾燥的THF中攪拌1.6g(2.8mmol)中間體A6的同時,向其中緩慢滴加甲基溴化鎂(6當量)。將混合物在室溫下攪拌16小時。反應完成後,緩慢加入少量的蒸餾水,然後將混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取及用水洗滌。用無水MgSO4乾燥有機層,然後移除溶劑以得到殘餘物。隨後,將過量的磷酸溶劑(約10ml)加到殘餘物中,然後將其在室溫下攪拌超過16小時。之後,緩慢加入蒸餾水(約50ml),然後攪拌1小時。將沉澱的固體過濾之後,用二氯甲烷溶劑萃取濾出的固體,然後用氫氧化鈉水溶液洗滌。隨後,取出二氯甲烷溶劑層,然後使用硫酸鎂除去水分。最後,除去殘餘溶劑,得到化合物C1(0.6g,43%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):559.25。
使用與合成中間體A6相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A1替換中間體A6、用1.4g的2,4-二溴硝基苯替換2-碘苯甲酸甲酯,以得到中間體A7(1.9g,產率=81%)。
使用與合成化合物C1相同的合成步驟,不同的是用1.9g中間體A7替換中間體A6,以得到中間體A8(1.1g,產率=61%)。
使用與合成中間體A2相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A9替換中間體A1,用1.4g的1-溴硝基苯替換2,4-二溴硝基苯,以得到所要的中間體A10(1.0g,產率=53%)。
使用與合成中間體A3相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A10替換中間體A2,以得到所要的中間體A11(1.9g,產率=67.6%)。
使用與合成中間體A4相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A11替換中間體A3,以得到所要的化合物C2(1.2g,產率=53%)。
使用與合成中間體A2相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的(2-苯基萘-1-基)硼酸替換中間體A1,用2.8g的1-溴硝基苯替換2,4-二溴硝基苯,以得到所要的中間體A12(2.1g,產率=50%)。
將10g(27.8mmol)中間體A12、0.07g(0.28mmol)碘、及1000ml苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在UV光下暴露4小時。反應完成後除去溶劑,然後將殘餘物再結晶3次,得到中間體A13(2.3g,23%)。
使用與合成中間體A5相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A13替換中間體A4,以得到所要的化合物A14(1.5g,產率=68%)。
使用與合成中間體A7相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A14替換中間體A1,以得到所要的化合物A15(1.6g,產率=68.3%)。
使用與合成化合物A8相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2.5g中間體A15替換中間體A7,以得到中間體A16(1.1g,產率=42.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A9相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A16替換中間體A8,以得到所要的化合物A17(1.5g,產率=66.7%)。
使用與合成中間體A10相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A10替換中間體A17,以得到所要的中間體A18(1.6g,產率=56.2%)。
使用與合成中間體A11相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A18替換中間體A10,以得到所要的中間體A19(1.2g,產率=64.2%)。
使用與合成化合物C2相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A19替換中間體A11,以得到所要的化合物C4(1.2g,產率=53%)。
使用與合成中間體A12相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g的2-(萘-2-基)苯基硼酸替換(2-苯基萘-1-基)硼酸,用1.4g的2,8-二溴二苯並[b,d]呋喃替換1,4-二溴苯,以得到所要的中間體A20(1.7g,產率=43.1%)。
將10g(22.3mmol)中間體A20、0.07g(0.28mmol)碘、及1000ml苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在UV光下暴露4小時。反應完成後除去溶劑,然後將殘餘物再結晶3次,得到中間體A21(2.3g,23%)。
使用與合成中間體A6相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的A22替換A5,用2g的甲基5-溴-2-碘苯甲酸甲酯替換甲基2-碘苯甲酸甲酯,以得到所要的中間體A23(2.4g,產率=78.3%)。
使用與合成化合物C1相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A23替換中間體A6,以得到中間體A24(0.92g,產率=48.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A20相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2.8g的3,6-二溴-9,9-二甲基-9H-芴替換2,8-二溴二苯並[b,d]呋喃,以得到所要的中間體A25(1.7g,產率=45.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A21相同的合成步驟,不同的是用8g中間體A25替換中間體A20,以得到中間體A26(2.3g,產率=29%)。
使用與合成中間體A23相同的合成步驟,不同的是用6g的A27替換A22,用4.1g的1,4-二溴-2-硝基苯替換甲基5-溴-2-碘苯甲酸甲酯,以得到所要的中間體A28(3.8g,產率=54.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A3相同的合成步驟,不同的是用5g中間體A28替換中間體A2,以得到所要的中間體A29(2.3g,產率=50%)。
使用與合成化合物C2相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A29替換中間體A11,以得到所要的化合物A30(1.5g,產率=43.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A6相同的合成步驟,不同的是用6g的甲基5-溴-2-碘苯甲酸甲酯替換甲基2-碘苯甲酸甲酯,以得到所要的中間體A31(7.8g,產率=67.8%)。
使用與合成化合物C1相同的合成步驟,不同的是用5g中間體A31替換中間體A6,以得到中間體A32(2.3g,產率=47.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A25相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的2-(4-甲氧基萘-2-基)苯基硼酸替換2-(萘-2-基)苯基硼酸,以得到所要的中間體A33(2.3g,產率=43.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A26相同的合成步驟,不同的是用8g中間體A33替換中間體A24,以得到中間體A34(1.8g,產率=30%)。
使用與合成中間體A27相同的合成步驟,不同的是用6g中間體A34替換中間體A26,以得到所要的化合物A35(4.5g,產率=69.2%)。
使用與合成中間體A28相同的合成步驟,不同的是用6g的中間體A35替換中間體A27,用2.2g的1-溴-2-硝基苯替換1,4-二溴-2-硝基苯,以得到所要的中間體A36(3.8g,產率=63.5%)。
使用與合成中間體A29相同的合成步驟,不同的是用5g中間體A36替換中間體A28,以得到所要的中間體A37(2.3g,產率=48.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A30相同的合成步驟,不同的是用4g中間體A37替換中間體A29,以得到所要的中間體A38(2.5g,產率=55.3%)。
在氮氣下將3g(5.08mmol)中間體A38和二氯甲烷(60ml)的混合物放入反應器中。向其中加入三溴化硼(1當量),然後攪拌2小時,直到反應結束。用二氯甲烷和水萃取反應混合物,然後用無水MgSO4乾燥。將溶劑移除得到中間體A39(2.6g,產率=89.1%)。
在氮氣下將2.6g(4.51mmol)中間體A39和二氯甲烷(60ml)的混合物放入反應器中。向其中加入吡啶(1.5當量)和三氟甲磺酸酐(1.7當量),然後攪拌12小時,直到反應結束。用二氯甲烷和水萃取反應混合物,然後用無水MgSO4乾燥。將溶劑移除得到中間體A40(2.9g,產率=92.8%)。
使用與合成中間體A35相同的合成步驟,不同的是用5g中間體A40替換中間體A34,以得到所要的化合物A41(3.4g,產率=71.2%)。
使用與合成中間體A41相同的合成步驟,不同的是用4g中間體A32替換中間體A40,以得到所要的化合物A42(2.8g,產率=65.2%)。
使用與合成中間體A41相同的合成步驟,不同的是用4g中間體A30替換中間體A40,以得到所要的化合物A43(3.1g,產率=72.3%)。
將3.0g(4.7mmol)中間體A32、0.9g(5.6mmol)雙苯基胺、0.04g(0.18mmol)Pd2(OAc)2、0.1g(4.47mmol)四氟硼酸三叔丁基膦、1.3g(14mmol)叔丁醇鈉及60ml鄰二甲苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在150℃下加熱8小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。隨後,用二氯甲烷和水萃取有機層,然後用無水MgSO4乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到化合物C71(2.4g,72.3%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):726.3。
使用與合成化合物C71相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A30替換中間體A32,以得到所要的化合物C72(2.4g,產率=68.3%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):754.4。
將1g(1.5mmol)中間體A43、1.1g(1.8mmol)2-氯-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪、0.01g(0.03mmol)四(三苯基膦)鈀、4ml的2M碳酸鈉溶液、10ml乙醇、
及30ml甲苯混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在100℃下加熱12小時。反應完成後,使混合物冷卻至室溫。隨後,用二氯甲烷和水萃取有機層,然後用無水MgSO4乾燥。將溶劑移除之後,通過矽膠管柱層析純化殘餘物,得到化合物C80(0.6g,53%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):790.31。
使用與合成化合物C80相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A41替換中間體A43,用9-溴蒽替換2-氯-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,以得到所要的化合物C77(2.2g,產率=68.3%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):735.28。
使用與合成中間體A20相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A24替換2,8-二溴二苯並[b,d]呋喃,不同的是用1.4g芘-1-基硼酸替換2-(萘-2-基)苯硼酸,以得到所要的化合物C78(1.8g,產率=50.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A36相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A42替換A35,用1.1g 2-氯-1,10-菲羅啉替換1-溴-2-硝基苯,以得到所要的化合物C79(2.1g,產率=66.2%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):737.6。
使用與合成化合物C71相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A40替換中間體A32,用10H-吩惡嗪A40替換二苯胺,以得到所要的化合物C85(2.4g,產率=68.3%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):740.29。
使用與合化合物C80相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A41替換A43,用1.1g的2-氯-9-苯基-1,10-菲羅啉替換2-氯-4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪,以得到所要的化合物C79(2.1g,產率=66.2%)。MS(m/z,FAB+):737.6。
使用與合成中間體A2相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的(3-苯基萘-2-基)硼酸替換中間體A1,用2.8g的1,4-二溴苯替換2,5-二溴硝基苯,以得到所要的中間體A44(2.1g,產率=50%)。
將10g(27.8mmol)中間體A44、0.07g(0.28mmol)碘、及1000ml苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在UV光下暴露4小時。反應完成後除去溶劑,然後將殘餘物再結晶3次,得到中間體A45(2.3g,23%)。
使用與合成中間體A5相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A45替換中間體A4,以得到所要的化合物A46(1.5g,產率=68%)。
使用與合成中間體A7相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g的中間體A46替換中間體A1,用以得到所要的中間體A47(1.9g,產率=81.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A8相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A47替換中間體A7,以得到中間體A48(1.1g,產率=61.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A9相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A48替換中間體A8,以得到所要的化合物A49(2.3g,產率=72.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A2相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的中間體A49替換中間體A27,用1.1g的1-溴-2-硝基苯替換2,4-二溴硝基苯,以得到所要的中間體A50(2.5g,產率=67.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A3相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A50替換中間體A2,以得到所要的中間體A51(1.9g,產率=67.6%)。
使用與合成中間體A4相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g中間體A51替換中間體A3,以得到所要的化合物C6(2.5g,產率=55.3%)。
使用與合成中間體A12相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g的(1-苯基萘-2-基)硼酸替換2-苯基萘-1-基硼酸,用1.4g的2,8-二溴二苯並[b,d]呋喃替換1,4-二溴苯,以得到所要的中間體A52(1.8g,產率=45.9%)。
將10g(22.3mmol)中間體A52、0.06g(0.23mmol)碘、及1000ml苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在UV光下暴露4小時。反應完成後除去溶劑,然後將殘餘物再結晶3次,得到中間體A53(2.1g,21%)。
使用與合成中間體A17相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A53替換A16,以得到所要的化合物A54(1.3g,產率=59.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A6相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的A54替換A5,以得到所要的中間體A55(2.5g,產率=81.7%)。
使用與合成化合物C1相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A55替換中間體A6,以得到化合物C21(0.85g,產率=44.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A12相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g的2-(萘基-1-基)苯硼酸替換(2-苯基萘-1-基)苯硼酸,用1.4g的2,8-二溴二苯並[b,d]呋喃替換1,4-二溴苯,以得到所要的中間體A56(1.7g,產率=43.4%)。
將10g(22.3mmol)中間體A56、0.06g(0.23mmol)碘、及1000ml苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在UV光下暴露4小時。反應完成後除去溶劑,然後將殘餘物再結晶3次,得到中間體A57(2.2g,22%)。
使用與合成中間體A17相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A57替換中間體A16,以得到所要的化合物A58(1.5g,產率=68.2%)。
使用與合成中間體A6相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的中間體A58替換中間體A5,用以得到所要的中間體A59(2.3g,產率=75.2%)。
使用與合成化合物C1相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A59替換中間體A6,以得到化合物C24(0.88g,產率=45.6%)。
使用與合成中間體A12相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g的2-(萘基-2-基)苯硼酸替換(2-苯基萘-2-基)苯硼酸,用1.4g的2,8-二溴二苯並[b,d]呋喃替換1,4-二溴苯,以得到所要的中間體A56(1.7g,產率=43.4%)。
將10g(22.2mmol)中間體A60、0.06g(0.23mmol)碘、及1000ml苯的混合物脫氣並置於氮氣下,然後在UV光下暴露4小時。反應完成後除去溶劑,然後將殘餘物再結晶3次,得到中間體A61(2.3g,23%)。
使用與合成中間體A17相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A61替換中間體A16,以得到所要的化合物A62(1.3g,產率=59.1%)。
使用與合成中間體A6相同的合成步驟,不同的是用3g的中間體A62替換中間體A5,用以得到所要的中間體A63(2.4g,產率=80%)。
使用與合成化合物C1相同的合成步驟,不同的是用2g中間體A63替換中間體A6,以得到化合物C25(0.78g,產率=40.1%)。
提供阻值為9~12歐姆/平方(ohm/square)及厚度為120~160nm的銦錫氧化物塗層玻璃(以下稱為ITO基板),並在超聲波浴(例如洗滌劑、去離子水)中進行多步驟清洗。在氣相沉積有機層之前,通過紫外光(UV)和臭氧進一步處理清洗過的ITO基板。ITO基板的所有前處理工藝皆在潔淨室(100級)內進行。
在高真空設備下(10-7Torr)利用電阻加熱的石英舟以氣相沉積將這些有機層依序塗布到ITO基板上。借助石英晶體監視器來精確監控或設定各層的厚度和氣相沉積速率(0.1~0.3nm/sec)。如上所述,還可以使個別層包含不只一種化合物,即通常摻雜有摻雜劑材料的主體材料。此可通過來自兩個或多個來源的共氣相沉積成功地實現,表示本發明的有機化合物是熱穩定的。
使用二吡嗪並[2,3-f:2',3'-h]喹喔啉-2,3,6,7,10,11-六腈(dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile)(HAT-CN)形成電洞注入層,並使用N,N-雙(萘-1-基)-N,N-雙(苯基)-聯苯胺(NPB)形成有機EL元件的電洞傳輸層。使用2,9-雙(萘-2-基)-4,7-二苯基-1,10-啡啉(NPhen)作為有機EL元件的電子傳輸材料,因其相較於BPhen或BCP具有更高的熱穩定性和更長的壽命。對於螢光發光元件,使用1,1'-(9,9-二甲基-9H-芴-2,7-二基)二芘(DFDP)作為主體材料,並使用(E)-6-(4-(二苯基胺基)苯乙烯基)-N,N-二苯基萘-2-胺(D1)作為螢光摻雜劑。對於磷光發光元件,使用雙(2-甲基-8-羥基喹啉)-4-(苯基苯酚)鋁(BAlq)作為發光層的主體材料,並使用三(1-苯基異喹啉)銥(III)(Ir(piq)3)或三(2-苯基喹啉)銥(III)(Ir(2-phq)3)作為摻雜劑材料。使用化合物C77和C78作為螢光主
體材料來與DFDP比較。使用中間體C71、C72、及C85作為螢光摻雜劑材料來與D1比較。使用化合物C79、C80、及C89作為電子傳輸材料來與NPhen比較。使用化合物C1、C2、C4、C6、C21、C24、及C25作為磷光主體材料來與BAlq比較。本發明中用於製作對照和例示性有機EL元件的部分OLED材料的化學結構如下所示:
有機EL元件一般包含通過熱蒸發形成為陰極的低功函數金屬,例如Al、Mg、Ca、Li及K,且該低功函數金屬可有助於電子從陰極注入電子傳輸層。另外,在陰極與電子傳輸層之間引入薄膜電子注入層,用於降低電子注入阻障並改善有機EL元件的性能。習知的電子注入層材料為具有低功函數的金屬鹵化物或金屬氧化物,例如:LiF、MgO、或Li2O。
另一方面,在製作有機EL元件之後,通過使用PR650光譜掃描光譜儀量測EL光譜及CIE座標。此外,使用吉時利(Keithley)2400可程式化電壓電流源測得電流/電壓、亮度/電壓、及效率/電壓特性。在室溫(約25℃)及大氣壓下操作上述設備。
使用與上述一般方法類似的過程製作發射藍色螢光並具有以下如圖1所示元件結構的有機EL元件,由下而上各層分別是:ITO/HAT-CN(20nm)/NPB(50nm)/藍色螢光主體材料(DFDP或C77或C78)+5%摻雜劑材料(D1或C71、C72、或C85)(30nm)/NPhen(30nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al(160nm)。在圖1所示的元件中,將電洞注入層(HIL)20(HAT-CN)沉積到透明電極10(ITO)上,將電洞傳輸層(HTL)30沉積到電洞注入層20上,將發光層40(摻雜的主體)沉積到電洞傳輸層30(NPB)上,將電子傳輸層(ETL)50沉積到發光層40(藍色螢光主體材料+5%摻雜劑材料)上,將電子注入層(EIL)60沉積到電子傳輸層50上,將金屬電極層70(Al)沉積到電子注入層60上。將這些有機EL元件的I-V-B(1000尼特亮度時)和半衰期測試報告總結於下表1。半衰期的定義為3000cd/m2的初始亮度降至一半的時間。
根據上述有機EL元件的測試報告總結,顯而易見的是,用作藍色螢光主體或摻雜劑材料的式(1)或式(2)有機化合物表現出比現有技術的材料更佳的性能。具體來說,本發明使用式(1)或式(2)的有機化合物作為摻雜劑材料或主體材料來與主體材料DFDP或摻雜劑材料D1搭配的有機EL元件在相同電壓下具有更高的亮度或電流效率、或更長的半衰期。
使用與上述一般方法類似的過程製作具有以下如圖1所示元件結構的有機EL元件,由下而上各層分別是:ITO/HAT-CN(20nm)/NPB(50nm)/DFDP+5% D1(30nm)/NPhen或C79、C80、或C89(30nm電子傳輸層)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al(160nm)。將此等發射藍色螢光的有機EL元件的I-V-B和半衰期測試報告總結於下表2,並將半衰期定義為3000cd/m2的初始亮度降低一半的時間。
根據上述有機EL元件的測試報告總結,顯而易見的是,用作電子傳輸材料的式(1)或式(2)有機化合物表現出比現有技術的材料NPhen更佳的性能。具體來說,本發明的有機EL元件使用式(1)或式(2)的有機化合物作為電子傳輸材料來與主體材料DFDP和摻雜劑材料D1搭配可具有更低的功耗、更高的電流效率、或更長的半衰期。
使用與上述一般方法類似的過程製作發射磷光並具有以下如圖1所示元件結構的有機EL元件,由下而上各層分別是:ITO/HAT-CN(20nm)/NPB(50nm)/磷光主體材料(C1、C2、C4)+10%摻雜劑材料(30nm)/NPhen(30nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al(160nm)。將這些發射磷光的有機EL元件的I-V-B和半衰期測試報告總結於下表3,並將半衰期定義為3000cd/m2的初始亮度降低一半的時間。
根據上述有機EL元件的測試報告總結,顯而易見的是,用作磷光主體材料的式(1)或式(2)有機化合物表現出比現有技術的材料BAlq更佳的性能。具體來說,本發明的有機EL元件使用式(1)或式(2)的有機化合物作為磷光主體材料來與摻雜劑材料Ir(piq)3或Ir(2-phq)3搭配在相同電壓下可具有更高的亮度或電流效率或更長的半衰期。
其中Q1和Q2其中之一可以由下式(3)表示:
其中X和Y是二價橋獨立選自於由O、S、Se、NR4、CR5R6、和SiR7R8所構成的群組;R1至R3獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;R4為氫原子、鹵素、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基;以及R5至R8獨立為氫原子、鹵素、具有1至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳基、具有6至30個碳原
子的經取代或未經取代雜芳基、具有5至50個碳原子的經取代或未經取代芳胺基、或具有3至30個碳原子的經取代或未經取代雜芳胺基。
根據上述教導顯然可以作出許多的修改及變化。因此,應當瞭解的是,在本發明的範圍內,可以以本文具體描述的方式以外的其他方式來實施本發明。雖然,本文中已說明並描述了具體實施方式,但對於本領域技術人員來說,顯而易見的,在不偏離欲單獨由本發明範圍限制的情況下,是可以對本發明作出許多修改,但不足以限制本發明。
10‧‧‧透明電極
20‧‧‧電洞注入層
30‧‧‧電洞傳輸層
40‧‧‧發光層
50‧‧‧電洞阻擋層
60‧‧‧電子傳輸層
70‧‧‧電子注入層
80‧‧‧金屬電極
Claims (10)
- 一種以下式(12)、式(13)、式(14)、或式(15)表示的有機化合物:
- 如請求項1所述的有機化合物,其中該有機化合物是由下式(4)至式(11)其中之一表示:
- 如請求項1所述的有機化合物,其中R1至R4獨立為經取代或未經取代苯基、經取代或未經取代二苯基、經取代或未經取代氟基、經取代或未經取代苯並茀基、經取代或未經取代萘基、經取代或未經取代蒽基、經取代或未經取代菲基、經取代或未經取代芘基、經取代或未經取代基、經取代或 未經取代三亞苯基、經取代或未經取代苯並咪唑、經取代或未經取代哢唑基、經取代或未經取代雙哢唑基、經取代或未經取代二苯並喃基、經取代或未經取代二苯並噻吩基、經取代或未經取代二苯基磷氧、經取代或未經取代三嗪基、經取代或未經取代二嗪基、經取代或未經取代吡啶基、經取代或未經取代菲羅啉基、經取代或未經取代二氫吖啶基、經取代或未經取代硫二苯胺基、經取代或未經取代二氫吩嗪基、經取代或未經取代二苯胺基、經取代或未經取代三苯胺基、或經取代或未經取代苯基二苯並呋喃苯胺。
- 一種有機電激發光元件,包含由陰極和陽極組成的電極對、及在所述電極對之間的發光層及一個或多個有機薄膜層,其中所述發光層和有機薄膜層中的至少一個包含如請求項1或請求項5所述的有機化合物。
- 如請求項6所述的有機電激發光元件,其中該有機化合物為發光層的主體材料或螢光摻雜劑材料。
- 如請求項6所述的有機電激發光元件,其中包含該有機化合物的有機薄膜層為電子傳輸層。
- 如請求項6所述的有機電激發光元件,其中所述有機電激發光元件為發光面板或背光面板。
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US20140264312A1 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2014-09-18 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Novel organic compound and organic light-emitting device |
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