CN109792925A - West safflower bulbil breeds bulb method - Google Patents
West safflower bulbil breeds bulb method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109792925A CN109792925A CN201910203471.5A CN201910203471A CN109792925A CN 109792925 A CN109792925 A CN 109792925A CN 201910203471 A CN201910203471 A CN 201910203471A CN 109792925 A CN109792925 A CN 109792925A
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- west safflower
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Abstract
West safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, belongs to technical field of plant propagation.The following steps are included: 1) collect west safflower bulbil；2) bulbil is classified；3) bulbil sterilizes；4) root agent is urged to handle；5) cave substrate culture；6) seedling fostering；7) Production of Large Fields；8) bulb harvests.A kind of above-mentioned west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, and easy to operate, breeding potential can reach 1:5, fill up the blank of correlative technology field；And greatly reduce west safflower planting cost, be conducive to developing for west safflower industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, specially west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method.
Background technique
West safflower (Crocus sativus L.) is Iridaceae herbaceos perennial.Alias safflower, safron.Cause
With pharmacological effects such as activating microcirculation and removing stasis medicinal, removing pattogenic heat from the blood and toxic material from the body, swelling and pain relieving, blood-nourishing promoting menstruation, resolving stagnation for tranquilization, and medicinal valence with higher
Value.Zhejiang Province's main product in small towns such as the town Jiande Yang Cunqiao, ocean town, plum cities and towns, the town the Gan Tan towns He Sandou.Main product due to length
Phase plantation, production environment gradually deteriorate, and bulb quality constantly declines, and the method for breeding west safflower bulb at present is strange land string kind,
I.e. the bulb in source area transports to strange land through field planting, indoor culture after having adopted filigree, and next year transports source area back again.Such side
The bulb reproduction rate that method obtains is about in 1:1.5, and transportation cost is higher, and manpower and material resources investment is larger, hinders significantly western red
Flower industry is developed.Therefore there is an urgent need to find one kind to find to use through experimental cultivation in the method for fast breeding bulb
The bulbil of west safflower can breed bulb with high efficiency and have no that there is west safflower in the country at present by the inquiry to related literatures
Bulbil breeds the relevant academic paper of bulb method and patent, and this field is still blank.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to design, to provide a kind of west safflower bulbil numerous
The technical solution of bulb method is grown, easy to operate, breeding potential can reach 1:5, fill up the blank of correlative technology field；And significantly
West safflower planting cost is reduced, developing for west safflower industry is conducive to.
The west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) west safflower bulbil is collected
Bud is rationally stayed according to bulb Individual Size, retains terminal bud 1~3, remaining bulbil is all extractd；
2) bulbil is classified
It is level-one that length, which is greater than 12cm, and length is second level in 8cm-12cm, chooses level-one bulbil, second level bulbil, spare；
3) bulbil sterilizes
70% 700-900 times of liquid of import thiophanate methyl of bulbil root or 50% carbendazol wettable powder 900-1100 liquid impregnate
8-12 minutes；
4) root agent is urged to handle
By level-one bulbil respectively with urging root agent A, urge root agent B immersion treatment, second level bulbil is with urging root agent B immersion treatment, when immersion
Between be 2 seconds, described to urge root agent A be indolebutyric acid, and urging root agent B is that No. 1 plant of gloomy life urges root agent；Indolebutyric acid can be from market
It directly buys, No. 1 plant of gloomy life urges root agent that can directly buy from Zhejiang Sen He Group Plc；
5) cave substrate culture
West safflower bulbil after growth-promoting root to be transplanted into hole tray, the matrix of hole tray requires good ventilative water permeability,
West safflower seedling rotten is prevented, the quality requirements of matrix: slant acidity, pH value is between 5.5-7；The matrix is lambert
The nursery peat of brand can directly be bought from market；
6) seedling fostering
West safflower seedling under December primary vaccination is cultivated 1 month in hole tray, and 5-15 DEG C of temperature requirement, humidity requires within 70%, in 1
The middle of the month digs out from hole tray, transplanting to crop field；
7) Production of Large Fields carries out field management according to the planting requirement of west safflower bulb；
8) bulb harvests
When west safflower ground blade is all withered and yellow, harvested when selecting fine day soil in leather hard, the bulb of harvest removes mud
Native and thin booth furrow face, then transports interior back.
The west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that and in step 1): 35 grams or more bulbs stay bud 3,
25~35 grams of bulbs stay bud 2, and 25 grams or less bulbs stay bud 1.
The west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 4): the concentration for urging root agent A is 1g indoles
Butyric acid converts 250-350ml water, and preferably 1g indolebutyric acid converts 300ml water.
The west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 4): the concentration for urging root agent B is the gloomy life of 1g
No. 1 plant urges root agent to convert 150-200ml water, and preferably 1g No. 1 plant of gloomy life urges root agent to convert 180ml water.
The west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 7): the field of plantation west safflower bulb
It is required that fertile soil is loose, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the low high and dry field of level of ground water；Before plantation, it is public that mu applies organic commercial fertilizer 450-550
40~50 kilograms of jin, 40-60 kilograms of calcium superphosphate and import sulfur-bearing ternary compound fertilizer make base fertilizer；After under bulb kind, use per acre
Leaven is in the ranks made in 2000~3000 kilograms of decomposed column fertilizer or 1000~1500 kilograms of dry rice straw coverings；Spacing in the rows is 8-12 centimetres, row
Away from being 20~25 centimetres；Planting depth sees that seedling spraying fertilizer, seedling are weak multiple with 45% potassium sulfate for 2 months to March with 4-5 times of kind of bulb diameter
14-16 kilograms of Hefei is watered to pour and apply；At the beginning of mid-February to 3 months, spraying conerete one is added to carry out outside root with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Top dressing is spaced primary, even spray 2 times~3 times in 7~10 days；West safflower field prevents weeds, and before field planting, mu is with 100 milliliters of butachlor
45-55 kilograms of bath spraying, and field has grass just to pull out by hand after being colonized, and is unable to shovel and applies untested weeding
Agent, in order to avoid injure west safflower bulb root system or cause phytotoxicity.
A kind of above-mentioned west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, and easy to operate, breeding potential can reach 1:5, fill up related skill
The blank in art field；And greatly reduce west safflower planting cost, be conducive to developing for west safflower industry.
Specific embodiment
Now in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention and correlation test, the invention will be further described.
1) west safflower bulbil is collected
It blooms within about 50 days after west safflower bulb rudiment, florescence is generally late October to mid-November.Each bulb only counts
A terminal bud, which can budding, blooms, and bulbil cannot bloom, and need to smear down.Bud is rationally stayed according to bulb Individual Size, retains terminal bud 1~3,
35 grams or more bulbs preferably stay bud 3, and 25~35 grams of bulbs preferably stay bud 2, and 25 grams or less bulbs preferably stay bud 1.Remaining bulbil is complete
It extracts in portion.
2) bulbil is classified
It is level-one that length, which is greater than 12cm, and length is second level in 8cm-12cm, and it is three-level that length is below in 8 cm.According to etc.
Grade sorts out bulbil.Each grade is secondary in two batches again, gives over to different root-growing agents and does check experiment.
3) bulbil sterilizes
1000 times of liquid of bulbil root 70% import thiophanate methyl, 800 times of liquid or 50% carbendazol wettable powder impregnate 10 points
Clock.
4) root agent is urged to handle
By two batches of level-one bulbil respectively with urging root agent A, B immersion treatment, second level, the same grade bulbil of two batches of three-level bulbil
Processing.The effect for expediting the emergence of root to different grades of bulbil with charting difference root-growing agent, is shown in Table 1.Soaking time is 2 seconds.Institute
The root agent A that urges stated is indolebutyric acid, and urging root agent B is that No. 1 plant of gloomy life urges root agent.
Table 1 shows: the bulbil of same grade, and plant urges the concentration of root agent high, and the fibrous root length of bulbil will be grown, fibrous root quantity
It is more.Urge root agent concentration low, bulbil fibrous root growing way is limited.The plant of same concentration urges root agent, and bulbil length is long, i.e., grade is one
The bulbil fibrous root length of grade is than second level, the bulbil fibrous root length of three-level is long, fibrous root quantity than second level, three-level bulbil fibrous root number
It measures more.
5) cave substrate culture
West safflower bulbil after growth-promoting root is transplanted by batch into 28 hole hole trays, is carried out in hole tray according to test process number
Label, classification are put.The matrix of hole tray requires good ventilative water permeability, prevents west safflower seedling rotten.Matrix
Quality requirements: slant acidity, pH value is between 5.5-7.
6) seedling fostering
West safflower seedling under December primary vaccination, is cultivated 1 month in hole tray, pays attention to the temperature and humidity for adjusting growing environment, temperature requirement
5 --- 15 degrees Celsius, humidity requires within 70%.General new bulb slow growth within the year, second year start to increase January.In 1
The middle of the month digs out from hole tray, transplanting to crop field.
7) Production of Large Fields
The field for planting west safflower bulb requires fertile soil loose, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, the low high and dry field of level of ground water.Before plantation,
General mu applies 40~50 kilograms of 500 kilograms of organic commercial fertilizer, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate and import sulfur-bearing ternary compound fertilizer and makees base fertilizer.
After under bulb kind, in the ranks make leaven with 2000~3000 kilograms of decomposed column fertilizer or 1000~1500 kilograms of dry rice straw coverings per acre.
Spacing in the rows is 10 centimetres, and line-spacing is generally 20~25 centimetres.Planting depth is advisable with 4 times of kind of bulb diameter.See that seedling is applied to March within 2 months
Top dressing, seedling is weak to be watered to pour and applies with 15 kilograms of 45% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer；At the beginning of mid-February to 3 months, with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Add one progress foliage top dressing of spraying conerete, is spaced primary, even spray 2 times~3 times in 7~10 days.West safflower field will prevent weeds, fixed
Before plant, can 100 milliliters of mu butachlor 50 kilograms of baths it is spraying, the gramineae weeds such as amur foxtail can be prevented and kill off, field after being colonized
There is grass just to pull out by hand, be unable to shovel and apply untested herbicide, in order to avoid injure west safflower bulb root system or cause
Phytotoxicity.
Six batch experiment seedling point fields are planted, and are marked in field.
8) bulb harvests
When west safflower ground blade is all withered and yellow, harvested when selecting fine day soil in leather hard.The bulb of harvest should remove
Soil and thin booth furrow face, then transport interior back.The bulb of different field harvests stores classifiedly.
9) bulb is classified
35 grams or more are weighed by bulb, 25~35 grams, 15~25 grams, 8~15 grams are divided into fourth gear.With six batch experiment kind of charting
Seedling breeding success rate, is shown in Table 2.
2 different batches west safflower sapling multiplication of table at bulb success rate (%)
| Test process number | 1A | 1B | 2A | 2B | 3A | 3B |
| Success rate | 60.23 | 80.58 | 50.15 | 60.46 | 30.25 | 45.75 |
Table 2 shows: plant is urged in the identical situation of root agent concentration, and the success rate of level-one bulbil is higher than second level, three-level bulbil.It is same
The bulbil of grade, the success rate of gloomy No. 1 bulbil for urging root agent to impregnate of life are higher than the success rate for the bulbil that soaking with indole butyric acid is crossed.
Mesostroma of the present invention composition and quality, whether urge the different formula of root agent, field production technology maturation, it is numerous to bulb
Success rate is grown all to have a significant impact.
Claims (5)
1. west safflower bulbil breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) west safflower bulbil is collected
Bud is rationally stayed according to bulb Individual Size, retains terminal bud 1~3, remaining bulbil is all extractd；
2) bulbil is classified
It is level-one that length, which is greater than 12cm, and length is second level in 8cm-12cm, chooses level-one bulbil, second level bulbil, spare；
3) bulbil sterilizes
70% 700-900 times of liquid of import thiophanate methyl of bulbil root or 50% carbendazol wettable powder 900-1100 liquid impregnate
8-12 minutes；
4) root agent is urged to handle
By one, two, three bulbil respectively with urging root agent A, urging root agent B immersion treatment, soaking time is 2 seconds, and described urges root agent A
For indolebutyric acid, urging root agent B is that No. 1 plant of gloomy life urges root agent；
5) cave substrate culture
West safflower bulbil after growth-promoting root to be transplanted into hole tray, the matrix of hole tray requires good ventilative water permeability,
West safflower seedling rotten is prevented, the quality requirements of matrix: slant acidity, pH value is between 5.5-7；The matrix is nursery mud
Charcoal；
6) seedling fostering
West safflower seedling under December primary vaccination is cultivated 1 month in hole tray, and 5-15 DEG C of temperature requirement, humidity requires within 70%, in 1
The middle of the month digs out from hole tray, transplanting to crop field；
7) Production of Large Fields carries out field management according to the planting requirement of west safflower bulb；
8) bulb harvests
When west safflower ground blade is all withered and yellow, harvested when selecting fine day soil in leather hard, the bulb of harvest removes mud
Native and thin booth furrow face, then transports interior back.
2. west safflower bulbil as described in claim 1 breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 1): 35 grams or more bulbs
Bud 3 are stayed, 25~35 grams of bulbs stay bud 2, and 25 grams or less bulbs stay bud 1.
3. west safflower bulbil as described in claim 1 breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 4): urging that root agent A's is dense
Degree is that 1g indolebutyric acid converts 250-350ml water, and preferably 1g indolebutyric acid converts 300ml water.
4. west safflower bulbil as described in claim 1 breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 4): urging that root agent B's is dense
Degree is that No. 1 plant of the gloomy life of 1g urges root agent to convert 150-200ml water, and preferably 1g No. 1 plant of gloomy life urges root agent to convert 180ml water.
5. west safflower bulbil as described in claim 1 breeds bulb method, it is characterised in that in step 7): plantation west safflower kind
The field of ball requires fertile soil loose, and irrigation and drainage are convenient, the low high and dry field of level of ground water；Before plantation, mu applies organic commercial fertilizer
40~50 kilograms of 450-550 kilograms, 40-60 kilograms of calcium superphosphate and import sulfur-bearing ternary compound fertilizer make base fertilizer；After under bulb kind,
In the ranks make leaven with 2000~3000 kilograms of decomposed column fertilizer or 1000~1500 kilograms of dry rice straw coverings per acre；Spacing in the rows is 8-12 lis
Rice, line-spacing are 20~25 centimetres；Planting depth sees seedling spraying fertilizer, weak 45% sulphur of seedling for 2 months to March with 4-5 times of kind of bulb diameter
14-16 kilograms of sour K composite fertilizer is watered to pour and apply；At the beginning of mid-February to 3 months, with 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate add spraying conerete one into
Row foliage top dressing is spaced primary, even spray 2 times~3 times in 7~10 days；West safflower field prevents weeds, before field planting, mu butachlor
100 milliliters 45-55 kilograms of bath spraying, and field has grass just to pull out by hand after being colonized, and is unable to shovel and application without test
Herbicide, in order to avoid injury west safflower bulb root system or cause phytotoxicity.
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| CN201910203471.5A CN109792925A (en) | 2019-03-18 | 2019-03-18 | West safflower bulbil breeds bulb method |
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Cited By (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111713394A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-09-29 | 上海市农业科学院 | Saffron substrate cultivation method |
| CN112042481A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-08 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Indoor planting method for promoting growth of saffron corms |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111713394A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-09-29 | 上海市农业科学院 | Saffron substrate cultivation method |
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| CN112042481A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2020-12-08 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Indoor planting method for promoting growth of saffron corms |
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Application publication date: 20190524 |