CN109769683A - A kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device - Google Patents

A kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109769683A
CN109769683A CN201711120134.7A CN201711120134A CN109769683A CN 109769683 A CN109769683 A CN 109769683A CN 201711120134 A CN201711120134 A CN 201711120134A CN 109769683 A CN109769683 A CN 109769683A
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China
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culture
nutrient solution
matrix
solution
plant
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CN201711120134.7A
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唐永康
董文平
余青霓
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China Astronaut Research and Training Center
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China Astronaut Research and Training Center
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Priority to CN201711120134.7A priority Critical patent/CN109769683A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Abstract

A kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device, the device include that stereoscopic culture frame, nutrient solution circulation and disinfection, Solution culture method, matrix culture, LED light source and measurement control.Stereoscopic culture frame gives plant growth to provide solid space for fixing LED light source and culture bed.Nutrient solution circulation and disinfection mainly recycle the nutrient solution in two kinds of training methods of nutrient solution and matrix, and disinfection filtering.Solution culture method mainly uses liquid mode culture difference plant.Solid matrix mode culture plant is mainly taken in matrix culture.LED light source mainly uses composite LED lamp to provide illumination condition for plant growth and radiates in time.Measurement control is mainly used for measuring and controlling all kinds of plant growth environment parameters.The present invention is using three-dimensional, multilayer mode culture plant;The on-line automatic regulation and control of nutrient composition, recycles for a long time;Using composite LED lamp, illumination is more evenly consistent, can satisfy multiclass plant growth to the different demands of light source.

Description

A kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device, it is mainly used in celestial body base (such as moon/fire outside ground Star) etc. manned deep space exploration closed environment.Belong to Long-term Manned Spaceflight environmental control and life support technical field of research.
Background technique
Cultivate plant in specific closed artificial ecoenvironment and study its growth characteristics, for establish in the future space by Ecological life-support systems (controlled ecological life support system, CELSS) are controlled with very long-pending The meaning (Rajapakse etc., 2009) of pole.Celestial body base is remote apart from the earth outside ground, transports life by airship or space shuttle It is extremely expensive to protect goods and materials.Therefore, it is necessary to which celestial body base utilizes local resources in situ to regenerate required for spacefarer entirely outside ground Portion is raw to protect goods and materials (food, oxygen and water).
Plant is the key organism component (Wheeler etc., 2001) in CELSS system.Outside ground in celestial body base, pass through Photosynthesis, transpiration and the decomposition of microorganism of plant, can provide food, oxygen and water, and follow for spacefarer The waste that ring utilizes system to generate extends deep space exploration to guarantee long-term resident (Poughon etc., 2009) of spacefarer Time and distance (Hoehn etc., 1998).How efficiently quickly plant is cultivated in celestial body base outside ground, is to restrict spacefarer to stay Stay the important factor in order of time.For this purpose, carried out both at home and abroad it is more for plant culture experiment research (Tang Yongkang etc., 2008, 2010;Goto etc., 2002;Chamberlain etc., 2002), and including in the ground extreme environments such as south poles, desert, isolated island It carries out " people-plant-environment " and integrates test (Guo Shuansheng etc., 2013).
The present invention designs and establishes a kind of plant cultivation device with multilayer culture structure, and is directed to cultivated plant Growth demand characteristics and substance recycle requirement, create the culture apparatus of suitable multiclass plant growth.The device is Large-scale experiment system, is suitably applied that plant in ground or airtight space environment is long-term and three-dimensional culture.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the characteristics of for airtight space environmental condition, Invent a kind of three-dimensional, multilayer, nutrient solution can recycle for a long time, LED light source (light quality, light intensity and photoperiod) can as needed into The plant cultivation device of the features such as row regulation and control, suitable multiclass plant culture.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device, including stereoscopic culture frame, nutrient solution Circulation is controlled with disinfection, Solution culture method, matrix culture, LED light source and measurement.Stereoscopic culture frame is mainly used for fixed LED light Source and culture bed, provides solid space for plant growth.Nutrient solution circulation and disinfection mainly cultivate nutrient solution and two kinds of matrix Nutrient solution in mode is recycled, and disinfection filtering.Solution culture method mainly uses liquid mode culture difference plant. Solid matrix mode culture plant is mainly taken in matrix culture.LED light source mainly uses New LED to provide illumination for plant growth Condition simultaneously radiates in time.Measurement control is mainly used for measuring and controlling all kinds of plant growth environment parameters.
The stereoscopic culture frame is multilayered structure, is used for stereoscopic culture plant.The culturing rack of matrix culture is four layers of knot Structure, each layer include LED light source, culture bed, culture substrate, optical sensor and moisture transducer.For Solution culture method Culturing rack be three-decker, each layer includes LED light source, culture bed and optical sensor.Nutrient solution storage tank, collecting pit and Circulating pump etc. is respectively positioned on culturing rack lower part.
The described nutrient solution circulation and disinfection for plant nutrition liquid automatic preparation and adjusting, conveying, collect, filter, Iterative cycles after disinfection, monitoring, allotment utilize.Capital equipment includes nutrient solution storage tank, mother liquor case, acid solution case, lye tank, adds It infuses pump, pipeline, ultraviolet sterilizer, collecting pit, return liquid circulating pump, and corresponding liquid level sensor, pH sensor, conductance sensing Device and dissolved oxygen sensor etc..Nutrient solution storage tank can adjust nutrient solution nutrient density and ratio according to different plant nutrient demands Example, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration, for it is each it is culture bed plant is provided needed for nutrient solution.Mother liquor case is used for Additional nutrient solution ingredient, Required nutrient is provided for plant growth.Acid solution case and lye tank are for adjusting nutrient solution pH value.Ultraviolet sterilizer is used for nutrition The sterilizing of liquid harmful microorganism.Collecting pit is used to collect the nutrient solution of reflux, is pooled to nutrient solution tank in real time.Sensor is for supervising Nutrient solution object/change characteristic is surveyed, to meet plant growth needs.
The Solution culture method is made of components such as culturing rack, nutrition liquid pipeline, culture bed, deflectors.It is main to utilize The good nutrient solution of system automatic governing cultivates plant automatically, and nutrient solution in systems recycle by automatic cycle.Culture Plant be fixed on culture bed by sponge, root system is immersed in nutrient solution.The mineral being absorbed and utilized in growing process Nutrient is by automatic monitoring and supplement.Matrix culture is by culturing rack, nutrition liquid pipeline, culture bed, drip irrigation pipeline, culture medium The components such as matter, water dropper composition.Matrix culture mainly uses the fixed plant of solid matrix, by system automatic governing in the way of dropper Good nutrient input is sent to root system of plant.Moisture/nutrient in matrix is monitored on-line by moisture transducer and controls dropper system Automatically supply nutrient solution.
The LED light source includes lamp plate, composite LED lamp and cooling line, and predominantly inhomogeneity plant growth provides institute The illumination condition needed.By red, blue and white LED chip, combination manufacture forms composite LED lamp by a certain percentage, and grain and oil class is planted Red, blue and white LED chip ratio in composite LED lamp used in object are 1: 1: 1, compound used in fruits and vegetables class plant Red, blue and white LED chip ratio in LED light are 2: 1: 1.Light quality, light intensity and the light week that monochromatic LED chip shines Phase can need to be automatically adjusted by computer according to culture plant, and wherein the adjusting proportional region of light intensity is 10%-100%. The big portion that can in real time can be distributed LED light with automatic cycle cooling medium, the cooling medium in the cooling line at lamp plate back Heat is divided to take away, to guarantee the optimal operating temperature of LED light and luminous efficiency.
The measurement control is mainly made of various kinds of sensors and corresponding control unit such as pump and valve.All kinds of sensings All kinds of parameters in device self-operated measuring unit, and calculated and judged automatically by computer, then computer is according to the automatic hair of setting Send related command to different control units, thus within the set range by the environment parameter control of corresponding plants growth.
The advantages of the present invention over the prior art are that:
(1) present invention is using three-dimensional, multilayer mode culture plant, and has the two kinds of plant cultures of nutrient solution and matrix simultaneously Mode can make effective use of the confined space in closed system, improve the plant production efficiency of unit space.
(2) present invention is using the on-line automatic measurement of nutrient composition, control, stirring, filtering, disinfection and circulation, Ke Yiman The mineral nutrient of sufficient inhomogeneity plant different stages of growth needs.It is nutrient solution used to recycle for a long time.
(3) present invention uses composite LED lamp, and a variety of monochromatic light integrated chips are in a LED lamp bead, illumination more evenly one It causes.Monochromatic light quality, light intensity and photoperiod can individually control, and can satisfy multiclass plant growth needs the difference of light source It asks.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device composition and schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is LED illumination structure principle chart;
Fig. 3 is culture bed structural schematic diagram.
In figure: 1 nutrient solution storage tank, 2 acid solution storage tanks, 3 lye storage tanks, 4 acid solution dispenser pumps, 5 lye dispenser pumps, 6 nutrient solutions Storage tank liquid level sensor, 7pH sensor, 8 conductivity sensors, 9 dissolved oxygen sensors, 10 air compressors, 11 filter A, 12 Circulating pump A, 13 ultraviolet sterilizer A, 14 filter Bs, 15 circulating pump B, 16 ultraviolet sterilizer B, 17 mother liquor case A, 18 mother liquor case B, 19 mother liquor case C, 20 computers, 21 times liquid circulating pumps, 22 collecting pit liquid level sensors, 23 collecting pits, 24 supply valve A, 25 matrix Culturing rack, 26 optical sensors, 27 matrix culture LED lamp panels, 28 matrix are culture bed, 29 moisture transducers, 30 Solution culture methods Frame, 31 supply valve B, 32 supply valve C, 33 supply valve D, 34 supply valve E, 35 supply valve F, 36 supplying valve G, 37 times liquid valve A, 38 times Liquid valve B, 39 Solution culture method LED lamp panels, 40 culture substrates, 41 cooling line A, 42 matrix culture LED light, 43 nutrient solution entrances A, 44 nutrient solution outlet A, 45 Solution culture method LED light, 46 nutrient solution entrance B, 47 nutrient solution outlet B, 48 cooling line B, 49 Solution culture method bed, 50 matrix culture nutrient solution entrances, 51 nutrient solution water droppers, 52, nutrient solution deflector, 53 nutrient solution entrances, 54 nutrient solution outlets, 55 mother liquor dispenser pumps.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, building stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device, it is empty to provide growth for closed environment neutral body culture plant Between, nutrient solution recycles and illumination condition.The device is mainly by stereoscopic culture frame, nutrient solution circulation and disinfection, nutrient solution culture Feeding, matrix culture, LED light source and measurement control several parts compositions.
Nutrient solution storage tank (1) is located at below matrix culturing rack (25), is provided with nutrient solution storage tank liquid level sensor (6), pH Sensor (7), conductivity sensor (8) and dissolved oxygen sensor (9), be mainly used for contain nutrient solution, and adjust nutrient solution pH, The parameters such as conductance and dissolved oxygen.Acid solution storage tank (2) and lye storage tank (3) can be added by acid solution dispenser pump (4) and lye respectively Note pumps (5) to fill acid solution and lye in nutrient solution storage tank (1), to adjust in nutrient solution pH to setting range.Air compression Compressed air can be passed through nutrient solution storage tank (1) and meet root system of plant pair to improve the dissolved oxygen concentration of nutrient solution by machine (10) The demand of oxygen.Mother liquor case A (17), mother liquor case B (18) and mother liquor case C (19) can be by mother liquor dispenser pumps (55) by different mothers Liquid is added in nutrient solution storage tank (1), to supplement all kinds of mineral nutrients that plant absorption utilizes.
Deployed nutrient solution is transported to matrix by filter A (11), circulating pump A (12) and ultraviolet sterilizer A (13) Culture bed (28) are utilized for the plant absorption of matrix culture.Filter B (14), circulating pump B (15) and purple can also be passed through simultaneously Outer sterilizer B (16) is transported to Solution culture method bed (49), utilizes for hydroponic plant absorption.The nutrient solution quilt of conveying It after plant absorption utilizes, is uniformly collected into collecting pit (23), then sends nutrient input back to nutrient solution by going back to liquid circulating pump (21) Storage tank (1), is adjusted.The nutrient solution regulated is transported to matrix culture bed (28) and Solution culture method bed (49) quilt again Plant absorption utilizes.It utilizes so on circulate.
Stereoscopic culture frame is mainly used for stereoscopic culture plant, mainly includes matrix culturing rack (25) and Solution culture method frame (30) two class culturing racks.Wherein, matrix culturing rack (25) is four-layer structure, mainly cultivates plant using matrix training method, Cultivated plant is mainly fruits and vegetables class plant, such as lettuce and three-coloured amaranth.Solution culture method frame (30) is three-decker, main using battalion Nutrient solution mode cultivates plant, and cultivated plant is mainly grain class, such as wheat and potato.
Nutrient solution enters base by supply valve A (24), supply valve B (31), supply valve C (32) and supply valve D (33) all the way Matter is culture bed (28), then enters training by the nutrient solution water dropper (51) on matrix culture nutrient solution entrance (50) and dropper pipeline It supports in matrix (40), is then absorbed and utilized by root system of plant.Moisture transducer (29) are disposed in culture substrate (40), for supervising Moisture content is surveyed, to guarantee that plant has sufficient moisture supply.Plant culture uses matrix culture LED lamp panel (27), illumination Intensity can be measured with optical sensor (26).Computer (20) can control matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) light quality, Light intensity and photoperiod.
Another way nutrient solution enters Solution culture method frame (30) by supply valve E (34) and supply valve F (35), then leads to again Overnutrition liquid entrance (53) enters in Solution culture method bed (49).Nutrient solution is led in Solution culture method bed (49) by nutrient solution Flowing plate (52) circulates, and enters next culture bed circulation finally by nutrient solution outlet (54), then by supply valve G (36) It utilizes.Plant culture uses Solution culture method LED lamp panel (39).Computer (20) can control Solution culture method LED lamp panel (39) light quality, light intensity and photoperiod.
LED light source includes two classes, and the matrix culture LED light (42) in matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) is blended lamp, mainly For cultivating fruits and vegetables class plant, red, blue and white LED chip ratio are 2: 1: 1.Cooling medium passes through nutrient solution entrance A (43) enter matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) back cooling line A (41), coil matrix culture LED light (42), finally from Nutrient solution outlet A (44), into next lamp plate, so that the heat that LED light is distributed is taken away.Solution culture method LED lamp panel (39) the Solution culture method LED light (45) in is also blended lamp, is mainly used for cultivating grain oil crop, red, blue and white Color LED chip ratio is 1: 1: 1.Cooling medium then passes through nutrient solution entrance B (46), cooling line B (48) and nutrient solution outlet B (47) heat for distributing LED light is taken away, to guarantee the optimum working temperature and luminous efficiency of LED light.
Measurement control mainly passes through computer (20) acquisition nutrient solution storage tank liquid level sensor (6), pH sensor (7), electricity Derivative sensor (8), dissolved oxygen sensor (9), collecting pit liquid level sensor (22), optical sensor (26) and moisture transducer (29) then signal sends instructions to acid solution dispenser pump (4), lye dispenser pump (5), air compressor (10), circulating pump A (12), circulating pump B (15), time liquid circulating pump (21), supply valve A (24), supply valve B (31), supply valve C (32), supply valve D (33), supply valve E (34), supply valve F (35), supplying valve G (36), time liquid valve A (37), time liquid valve B (38), mother liquor dispenser pump (55), the functional components such as matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) and Solution culture method LED lamp panel (39), to realize that nutrient solution is adjusted And conveying and LED light are adjusted.
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of those skilled in the art.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device, it is characterised in that: the device mainly by stereoscopic culture frame, nutrient solution circulation with Disinfection, Solution culture method, matrix culture, LED light source and measurement control composition.Stereoscopic culture frame include matrix culturing rack (25) and Solution culture method frame (30).Matrix culturing rack (25) is four-layer structure, mainly uses matrix training method culture plant.Nutrient solution Culturing rack (30) is three-decker, mainly uses nutrient solution mode culture plant.
2. stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: nutrient solution circulation is used for disinfection The automatic preparation and adjusting of plant nutrition liquid conveying, collection, filtering, are sterilized, are monitored, the iterative cycles utilization after allotment.Nutrition Liquid storage tank (1) is located at below matrix culturing rack (25), is provided with nutrient solution storage tank liquid level sensor (6), pH sensor (7), electricity Derivative sensor (8) and dissolved oxygen sensor (9), for adjusting the parameters such as nutrient solution pH, conductance and dissolved oxygen.Acid solution storage tank (2) Acid solution and lye are filled to nutrient solution storage tank by acid solution dispenser pump (4) and lye dispenser pump (5) respectively with lye storage tank (3) (1) in.Compressed air can be passed through nutrient solution storage tank (1) by air compressor (10).Mother liquor case A (17), mother liquor case B (18) and Different mother liquors are added in nutrient solution storage tank (1) by mother liquor case C (19) by mother liquor dispenser pump (55).Deployed nutrient solution is logical Filter A (11), circulating pump A (12) and ultraviolet sterilizer A (13) are crossed, it is culture bed (28) to be transported to matrix.It can also lead to simultaneously It crosses filter B (14), circulating pump B (15) and ultraviolet sterilizer B (16) and is transported to Solution culture method bed (49).The nutrient solution of conveying It after being absorbed and used by plants, is uniformly collected into collecting pit (23), then sends nutrient input back to nutrition by going back to liquid circulating pump (21) Liquid storage tank (1), then adjusted, it recycles.
3. stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: nutrient solution passes through confession all the way It answers valve A (24), supply valve B (31), supply valve C (32) and supply valve D (33) culture bed (28) into matrix, then passes through matrix The nutrient solution water dropper (51) cultivated on nutrient solution entrance (50) and dropper pipeline enters in culture substrate (40).Cloth in matrix (40) Moisture transducer (29) are equipped with, for monitoring moisture content.Intensity of illumination in matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) is sensed with illumination Device (26) measures.Another way nutrient solution enters Solution culture method frame (30) by supply valve E (34) and supply valve F (35), Then entered in Solution culture method bed (49) by nutrient solution entrance (53) again.Nutrient solution passes through in Solution culture method bed (49) Nutrient solution deflector (52) circulates, and enters next culture bed recycle finally by nutrient solution outlet (54).Plant Culture uses Solution culture method LED lamp panel (39).Computer (20) can control matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) and culture LED Light quality, light intensity and the photoperiod of lamp plate (39).
4. stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device according to claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) the matrix culture LED light (42) in is blended lamp, and red, blue and white LED chip ratio are 2: 1: 1.It is cooling to be situated between Matter enters the cooling line A (41) at matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) back by nutrient solution entrance A (43), coils matrix culture LED light (42), finally from nutrient solution outlet A (44), into next lamp plate.Nutrition in Solution culture method LED lamp panel (39) Liquid culture LED light (45), red, blue and white LED chip ratio are 1: 1: 1.Cooling medium then passes through nutrient solution entrance B (46), the heat that cooling line B (48) and nutrient solution outlet B (47) distribute LED light is taken away.
5. stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that: computer (20) is adopted Collect nutrient solution storage tank liquid level sensor (6), pH sensor (7), conductivity sensor (8), dissolved oxygen sensor (9), collecting pit liquid The sensor signals such as level sensor (22), optical sensor (26) and moisture transducer (29), then send instructions to acid solution and add Note pump (4), lye dispenser pump (5), air compressor (10), circulating pump A (12), circulating pump B (15), return liquid circulating pump (21), Supply valve A (24), supply valve B (31), supply valve C (32), supply valve D (33), supply valve E (34), supply valve F (35), feed flow Valve G (36), it returns liquid valve A (37), return liquid valve B (38), mother liquor dispenser pump (55), matrix culture LED lamp panel (27) Solution culture method The functional components such as LED lamp panel (39), to realize that nutrient solution is adjusted and conveyed and LED light is adjusted.
CN201711120134.7A 2017-11-14 2017-11-14 A kind of stereoscopic multi-layer plant cultivation device Pending CN109769683A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190521