CN109757141B - Rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for rice stubble fields - Google Patents

Rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for rice stubble fields Download PDF

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CN109757141B
CN109757141B CN201910086861.9A CN201910086861A CN109757141B CN 109757141 B CN109757141 B CN 109757141B CN 201910086861 A CN201910086861 A CN 201910086861A CN 109757141 B CN109757141 B CN 109757141B
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rotary tillage
ditching
system assembly
fertilizer
seed
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CN109757141A (en
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李兆东
何顺
王晴晴
武尧尧
陈黎卿
张甜
王韦韦
杨洋
刘路
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for a rice stubble field, which comprises a rack, wherein a suspension bracket, a fertilizing system assembly, a rotary tillage and ditching system assembly, a seed supply and seed discharge system assembly and a pressing mechanism assembly which are connected with a walking traction device are sequentially arranged on the rack from the front end to the rear end; wherein the fertilizing system assembly and the seed supplying and seeding system assembly both comprise a wide-width broadcasting device. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the rotary tillage and ditching device can guarantee the ditching distance, simultaneously complete the rotary tillage and ditching work and guarantee the balance of the whole device, and can guarantee the operation stability compared with the mode that the ditching cutter is arranged on one side of the whole device; the fertilizing system assembly and the seed supplying and discharging system assembly uniformly sow and fertilize by arranging the wide-width sowing device, so that wide-width sowing is realized; the press wheel can be adjusted in height as required by using the arrangement of the detachable positioning sheet, and the production stability can be ensured.

Description

Rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for rice stubble fields
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for a rice stubble field.
Background
With the improvement of the agricultural mechanization degree, the rotary cultivator, the ditching machine, the fertilizer applicator and the like are widely used in the field of agricultural tillage and soil preparation, so that the two hands of farmers are fundamentally liberated, the operation efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced; in the prior art, a plurality of fertilizer boxes are arranged for simultaneously applying a plurality of fertilizers, a plurality of fertilizer tubes are generally required to be correspondingly arranged, a plurality of seed tubes are also required to be arranged, the structure is relatively complex, and the seed metering is centralized; in addition, the ditching cutter usually needs to be provided with a special ditching shaft, so that the whole device is more complicated, and the maintenance cost is increased; the current suppression mechanism uses accessories such as chain or pneumatic rod to realize in order to set up different height according to different demands usually, but in the actual operation in-process, because mechanical vibration is serious, pneumatic cylinder and chain because the structure is complicated, appear damaging easily in the vibration process, consequently are difficult to promote, consequently, need carry out further improvement to rotary tillage ditching machine to above problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing rotary tillage ditcher is complex in structure and not easy to maintain, and provides a rotary tillage ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for rice stubble fields.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for the rice stubble field comprises a rack, wherein a suspension bracket, a fertilizing system assembly, a rotary tillage and ditching system assembly, a seed supply and seed discharge system assembly and a pressing mechanism assembly which are connected with a walking traction device are sequentially arranged on the rack from the front end to the rear end;
the fertilizing system assembly is arranged above the rotary tillage and ditching system assembly and comprises a fertilizer box, the bottom of the fertilizer box is fixedly connected with a fertilizer distributor, and the lower end of the fertilizer distributor is connected with a wide-width broadcasting device;
a central gear box is arranged at the position, located on the rear side of the suspension frame, of the rack, power output ends are arranged on two sides of the central gear box, the power output ends are fixedly connected with a left rotary tillage assembly and a right rotary tillage assembly which are symmetrically arranged respectively, the left rotary tillage assembly comprises a left rotary tillage shaft, the right rotary tillage assembly comprises a right rotary tillage shaft, cutter holders which are uniformly distributed in four spiral lines from the central gear box to two sides are arranged on the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft at equal intervals, two ditching cutters and two rotary tillage cutters are respectively installed on the cutter holders, close to the central gear box, of the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft in a staggered mode, and rotary cutters are installed on the cutter holders at other positions;
the ditching cutters are L-shaped cutters and comprise side cutting edges, and the ditching cutters on two sides of the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft are arranged oppositely, namely the ditching cutters are bent towards the central gear box; when the ditching cutter is positioned at the bottommost part, the side cutting edge faces one side of the compacting mechanism assembly;
the seed supply and seed discharge system assembly comprises a seed box, the bottom of the seed box is fixedly connected with a seed discharge device, and the lower end of the seed discharge device is connected with a wide-width broadcast sowing device;
the wide-width broadcasting device comprises a guide chute, the bottom of the guide chute is detachably and fixedly connected with a discharge chute, the discharge chute comprises a clamping opening, a discharge opening and a discharge bottom plate, the width of the clamping opening is smaller than that of the discharge opening, the discharge bottom plate is of a trapezoidal structure, and the discharge bottom plate is a wave-shaped plate which is radially distributed;
the pressing mechanism assembly comprises a pressing wheel frame capable of rotating around a rack, a positioning sheet for adjusting the rotation angle of the pressing wheel frame relative to the rack is arranged in the middle of the pressing wheel frame, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the positioning sheet, the positioning sheet is detachably connected with the tail end of the rack through the limiting holes, and a pressing wheel is arranged between the pressing wheel frames.
As a further improvement of the scheme, the number of the fertilizer boxes is two or more, each fertilizer box is connected with two or more fertilizer applicators, a fertilizer outlet of each fertilizer applicator is connected to an upper opening of a guide chute of the wide-width broadcasting device through a hose, and after the fertilizer is guided by the wide-width broadcasting device, uniform sowing of the fertilizer is realized through the discharge bottom plate.
As a further improvement to the scheme, the corners of the ditching knife are transited by arc surfaces, so that the mechanical property of the ditching knife can be ensured.
As a further improvement to the proposal, the blade of the rotary blade arranged on the left rotary tillage shaft blade seat faces to the left, and the blade of the rotary blade arranged on the right rotary tillage shaft blade seat faces to the right.
As a further improvement of the proposal, the included angle between the side plane of the tool apron provided with the ditching tool and the axis of the rotary tillage shaft is 75 degrees.
As a further improvement to the above, the discharge bottom plate is inclined relative to the bottom surface toward the discharge opening.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the rotary tillage ditcher, the ditching cutters are arranged on two sides of the central gear box, so that the ditching distance can be ensured, and meanwhile, the ditching cutters and the rotary tillage cutters simultaneously use the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft, and rotary tillage and ditching work can be simultaneously completed; the central gear box drives the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft simultaneously, and the ditching cutters are arranged on two sides of the central gear box respectively, so that the balance of the whole device can be ensured, and the operation stability can be ensured compared with the situation that the ditching cutters are arranged on one side of the whole device; the fertilizing system assembly and the seed supplying and discharging system assembly uniformly sow and fertilize by arranging the wide-width sowing device, so that wide-width sowing is realized; the press wheel can be adjusted in height as required by using the arrangement of the detachable positioning sheet, and the production stability can be ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the broad width broadcasting device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the ditching knife.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of the rotary tillage and ditching system assembly.
Wherein the reference numerals include: 1-a frame, 11-a suspension bracket, 2-a fertilization system assembly, 21-a fertilizer box, 3-a rotary tillage and ditching system assembly, 31-a left rotary tillage shaft, 32-a right rotary tillage shaft, 33-a cutter holder, 34-a ditching cutter, 35-a rotary tillage cutter, 4-a seed supply and seed discharge system assembly, 41-a seed box, 5-a pressing mechanism assembly, 51-a pressing wheel frame, 52-a positioning sheet, 53-a limiting hole, 54-a pressing wheel, 6-a wide width sowing device, 61-a guide chute, 62-a discharge chute, 621-a clamping port, 622-a discharge port and 623-a discharge bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for the rice stubble field comprises a frame 1, wherein a suspension bracket 11, a fertilizing system assembly 2, a rotary tillage and ditching system assembly 3, a seed supply and seed discharge system assembly 4 and a pressing mechanism assembly 5 which are connected with a walking traction device are sequentially arranged on the frame 1 from the front end to the rear end;
the walking traction equipment is a tractor or other traction equipment;
the fertilizing system assembly 2 is arranged above the rotary tillage and ditching system assembly 3, the fertilizing system assembly 2 comprises a fertilizer box 21, the bottom of the fertilizer box 21 is fixedly connected with a fertilizer distributor 2, and the lower end of the fertilizer distributor 2 is connected with a wide-width broadcasting device 6;
a central gear box is arranged at the position, located on the rear side of the suspension bracket 11, of the rack 1, power output ends are arranged on two sides of the central gear box, the power output ends are fixedly connected with a left rotary tillage assembly and a right rotary tillage assembly which are symmetrically arranged respectively, the left rotary tillage assembly comprises a left rotary tillage shaft 31, the right rotary tillage assembly comprises a right rotary tillage shaft 32, cutter holders 33 which are uniformly distributed to two sides in four spiral lines at equal intervals from the central gear box are arranged on the left rotary tillage shaft 31 and the right rotary tillage shaft 32, two ditching cutters 34 and two rotary tillage cutters 35 are respectively installed on the cutter holders 33, close to the central gear box, of the left rotary tillage shaft 31 and the right rotary tillage shaft 32 in a staggered mode, and rotary tillage cutters 35 are installed on the cutter holders 33 at other positions;
the ditching cutters 34 are L-shaped cutters, each ditching cutter 34 comprises a side cutting edge 341, and the ditching cutters 34 on two sides of the left rotary tillage shaft 31 and the right rotary tillage shaft 32 are oppositely arranged, namely the ditching cutters 34 are bent towards the central gear box; when the furrowing blade 34 is positioned at the bottommost portion, the side cutting edge 341 faces the suppressing mechanism 5 assembly side;
the seed supply and seed discharge system assembly 4 comprises a seed box 41, the bottom of the seed box 41 is fixedly connected with a seed discharge device, and the lower end of the seed discharge device is connected with a wide-width broadcast sowing device 6;
the wide-width broadcasting device 6 comprises a material guide groove 61, the bottom of the material guide groove 61 is detachably and fixedly connected with a material discharge groove 62, the material discharge groove 62 comprises a clamping port 621, a material discharge port 622 and a material discharge bottom plate 623, the width of the clamping port 621 is smaller than that of the material discharge port 622, the material discharge bottom plate 623 is of a trapezoidal structure, and the material discharge bottom plate 623 is a wave-shaped plate in radiation distribution;
the compacting mechanism assembly 5 is including winding frame 1 pivoted compacting wheel frame 51, compacting wheel frame 51 intermediate position is equipped with the spacer 52 of adjusting compacting wheel frame 51 for 1 rotation angle of frame, is equipped with a plurality of spacing holes 53 on the spacer 52, and spacer 52 is through spacing hole 53 detachable and frame 1 end-to-end connection, be equipped with compacting wheel 54 between compacting wheel frame 51.
In this embodiment, the number of the fertilizer boxes 21 is two, each fertilizer box 21 is connected with two fertilizer applicators 2, a fertilizer outlet of each fertilizer applicator is connected to an upper opening of the material guide groove 61 of the broad width broadcasting device 6 through a hose, and after the material is guided by the broad width broadcasting device 6, uniform sowing of the fertilizer is realized through the wavy discharging bottom plate 623.
Wherein, the corner of ditching sword 34 is by the arc surface transition, can guarantee the mechanical properties of ditching sword 34, and the side plane of the blade holder 33 of installation ditching sword 34 is 75 with the axis contained angle of rotary tillage axle.
Wherein, the blade of the rotary blade 35 installed on the left rotary tillage shaft blade seat 33 faces to the left, and the blade of the rotary blade 35 installed on the right rotary tillage shaft blade seat 33 faces to the right.
The discharging bottom plate 623 is inclined towards the discharging port 622 relative to the bottom surface, so that fertilizer or seeds can be prevented from being accumulated in the discharging groove 61.
In the rotary tillage ditcher, the ditching cutters 34 are arranged at two sides of the central gear box, so that the ditching distance can be ensured, and the ditching cutters 34 and the rotary tillage cutters 35 simultaneously use the left rotary tillage shaft 31 and the right rotary tillage shaft 32 to complete rotary tillage and ditching work; the central gear box drives the left rotary tillage shaft 31 and the right rotary tillage shaft 32 simultaneously, and the ditching cutters 34 are respectively arranged on two sides of the central gear box, so that the balance of the whole device can be ensured, and the operation stability can be ensured compared with the mode that the ditching cutters 34 are arranged on one side of the whole device; the fertilizing system assembly 2 and the seed supply and seed discharging system assembly 4 uniformly sow and fertilize by arranging the wide-width sowing device 6, so that wide-width sowing is realized; the height of the press wheel 54 can be adjusted as required by the arrangement of the detachable positioning sheet 52, and the production stability can be ensured.
The rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine suitable for the rice stubble field is used for wheat planting according to the technology in the field, and the following results are obtained by selecting a proper sowing amount:
TABLE 1
Figure 116833DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As can be seen from the data in the table 1, the rotary tillage, ditching and uniform sowing machine is suitable for planting wheat in the rice stubble field, the sowing uniformity is good, and the production stability can be ensured.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A rotary tillage, ditching and uniform seeding machine suitable for rice stubble fields is characterized by comprising a rack, wherein the rack is sequentially provided with a suspension bracket, a fertilizing system assembly, a rotary tillage and ditching system assembly, a seed supply and seed discharge system assembly and a pressing mechanism assembly from the front end to the rear end, wherein the suspension bracket is connected with a walking traction device;
the fertilizing system assembly is arranged above the rotary tillage and ditching system assembly and comprises a fertilizer box, the bottom of the fertilizer box is fixedly connected with a fertilizer distributor, and the lower end of the fertilizer distributor is connected with a wide-width broadcasting device;
a central gear box is arranged at the position, located on the rear side of the suspension frame, of the rack, power output ends are arranged on two sides of the central gear box, the power output ends are fixedly connected with a left rotary tillage assembly and a right rotary tillage assembly which are symmetrically arranged respectively, the left rotary tillage assembly comprises a left rotary tillage shaft, the right rotary tillage assembly comprises a right rotary tillage shaft, cutter holders which are uniformly distributed in four spiral lines from the central gear box to two sides are arranged on the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft at equal intervals, two ditching cutters and two rotary tillage cutters are respectively installed on the cutter holders, close to the central gear box, of the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft in a staggered mode, and rotary cutters are installed on the cutter holders at other positions;
the ditching cutters are L-shaped cutters and comprise side cutting edges, and the ditching cutters on two sides of the left rotary tillage shaft and the right rotary tillage shaft are arranged oppositely, namely the ditching cutters are bent towards the central gear box; when the ditching cutter is positioned at the bottommost part, the side cutting edge faces one side of the compacting mechanism assembly;
the seed supply and seed discharge system assembly comprises a seed box, the bottom of the seed box is fixedly connected with a seed discharge device, and the lower end of the seed discharge device is connected with a wide-width broadcast sowing device;
the wide-width broadcasting device comprises a guide chute, the bottom of the guide chute is detachably and fixedly connected with a discharge chute, the discharge chute comprises a clamping opening, a discharge opening and a discharge bottom plate, the width of the clamping opening is smaller than that of the discharge opening, the discharge bottom plate is of a trapezoidal structure, and the discharge bottom plate is a wave-shaped plate which is radially distributed;
the discharging bottom plate is inclined relative to the ground surface to the discharging opening;
the pressing mechanism assembly comprises a pressing wheel frame capable of rotating around a rack, a positioning sheet for adjusting the rotation angle of the pressing wheel frame relative to the rack is arranged in the middle of the pressing wheel frame, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the positioning sheet, the positioning sheet is detachably connected with the tail end of the rack through the limiting holes, and a pressing wheel is arranged between the pressing wheel frames.
2. The rotary tillage, ditching and evenly sowing machine suitable for the rice stubble fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the fertilizer boxes is multiple, each fertilizer box is connected with a plurality of fertilizer distributors, a fertilizer outlet of each fertilizer distributor is connected to an upper opening of a guide chute of the wide-width sowing device through a hose, and after the fertilizer is guided by the wide-width sowing device, even sowing of the fertilizer is realized through a discharge bottom plate.
3. The rotary tillage, ditching and evenly sowing machine for the rice stubble fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein corners of the ditching cutter are transited by circular arc surfaces.
4. The rotary tillage, ditching and evenly sowing machine for the rice stubble fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blade of the rotary tillage blade mounted on the left rotary tillage shaft blade holder faces to the left, and the blade of the rotary tillage blade mounted on the right rotary tillage shaft blade holder faces to the right.
5. A rotary tillage, furrowing and uniform seeding machine suitable for rice stubble fields as claimed in claim 1, wherein an included angle of a side plane of a blade holder for mounting the furrowing blade and an axis of the rotary tillage shaft is 75 °.
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CN110121955A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-08-16 商丘市农林科学院 A kind of rotary tillage ferti all-in-one machine

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CN203691886U (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-07-09 南通世创农业机械有限公司 Furrowing cutterhead assembly
CN105612834A (en) * 2014-10-30 2016-06-01 刘幼芝 Dual-purpose shallow-ploughing and furrowing knife shaft
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