CN109699534B

CN109699534B - Loach fry breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN109699534B
Application number: CN201910153228.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周文宗; 吕巍巍; 黄伟伟; 孙小淋; 袁泉; 马超; 姚春霞
Original assignee: Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2019-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-28
Publication date: 2021-11-12
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-28
Also published as: CN109699534A

Abstract

The invention discloses a loach fry breeding method, which comprises the following steps: (1) injecting pollution-free water into the soilless culture pond in the greenhouse, and putting weeping willow branches; (2) putting the weeping willow branches for 20-30 days, putting loach water bloom, and putting the finless eel the next day. The method for extracting loach fry and breeding has the characteristics of convenient material taking, easy water quality regulation and control, convenient fishing, less pest and disease damage of loaches, high fry survival rate and the like.

Description

Loach fry breeding method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a loach fry breeding method.

Background

The artificial propagation of loaches (Misgurnus anguillarum) has a large development space. At present, parent selection, spawning induction, fertilization, hatching and other technologies of loaches are mature, and loach water bloom (the body length is less than 1cm) can be produced and provided in large batches in many breeding farms. However, loach larvae with the body length of 1-3cm are in a transition sensitive period of switching gill respiration to intestinal respiration, the requirements on environmental conditions are severe, the influence factors such as parent quality, hatching mode, oxygenation method, initial feed, breeding density, water quality, plant diseases and insect pests, aquatic weed species and the like are too many, the system control is difficult, the problem of 'die pieces' is very prominent, the dead loach larvae seriously pollute the breeding water body, the survival rate of the loach larvae is extremely low, the death rate reaches 50% -80%, and even 100% (Zhang Xia, the reason and the solution of 'die pieces' in loach breeding, scientific research and fishery, 2016 (next half month)). Therefore, a new technology is urgently needed to be adopted in production to improve the survival rate of the loach fries.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a loach fry breeding method, which comprises the following steps:

(1) injecting pollution-free water into a soilless culture pond in the greenhouse, and putting Salix babylonica branches;

(2) putting the weeping willow branches for 20-30 days, putting loach water bloom, and putting the finless eel the next day;

then the conventional culture can be carried out.

Wherein the area of the soilless culture pond in the step (1) is 10-100m²The height of the injected non-polluted water is 20-50 cm; the weeping willow branches are willow leaves removed, each weeping willow branch is 20-50 cm in length and 1-5 cm in diameter, and the area of the weeping willow branches covering the culture pond is 10-30%.

Wherein, the loach water bloom in the step (2) is incubated for 3-6 days, and the water bloom density is 2000-²The specification of the rice field eels is 20-30 g/tail, and 1-2 rice field eels are matched with water flowers of 1 ten thousand loaches put in each rice field eel.

Specifically, the loach fry breeding method comprises the following steps:

(1) 10-100m in the greenhouse²Injecting solarized pollution-free motor-pumped well water (or river water) into the impermeable membrane soilless culture pond, wherein the height of the motor-pumped well water (or river water) is 20-50 cm, putting weeping willow branches with willow leaves removed, the length of the weeping willow branches is 20-50 cm, the diameter of the weeping willow branches is 1-5 cm, and the area covering the culture pond is 10-30%;

(2) putting the weeping willow branches for 20-30 days, growing root systems on the weeping willow branches, putting loach water flowers which are hatched for 3-6 days, wherein the water flower density is 2000-²And putting healthy ricefield eels with the specification of 20-30 g/tail the next day, wherein 1-2 ricefield eels are matched with water flowers of 1 ten thousand loaches.

Wherein, the specification and the treatment of the soilless culture pond are as follows:

paving a high-density polyethylene impermeable film with a thickness of 0.3-1 mm on the soil-free pools arranged in the greenhouse, wherein the area of each soil-free pool is 10-100m²The height is 80-100cm, the bottom of the pool is an inclined plane, the lowest position is 5-10cm lower than the highest position, and a water outlet is arranged at the lowest position;

throwing weeping willow branches: injecting solarized pollution-free motor-pumped well water (or river water) into a soilless culture pond, wherein the height of the water is 20-50 cm, putting weeping willow branches with willow leaves removed, the length of each weeping willow branch is 20-50 cm, the diameter of each weeping willow branch is 1-5 cm, fixing two ends of each weeping willow branch on a small piece of foam plastic with the diameter of 2-5 cm to enable the weeping willow branches to float on the water surface, and the area of the branches covering the culture pond is not more than 30% (preferably 10-30%);

putting healthy finless eels: putting into weeping willow branches for 20-30 days (red roots of weeping willow grow), and putting loach water bloom with hatching time of 3-6 days, wherein the water bloom density is 2000-²And putting the healthy ricefield eels with the specification of 20-30 g/tail in the next day of the loach water bloom, and matching 1-2 ricefield eels with the water bloom of each 1 ten thousand loaches.

The whole culture time is 25-30 days from the start of putting loach water bloom to the growth of fries, and the subsequent culture method is the same as the conventional method.

The principle and the characteristics of the invention are as follows:

the weeping willow branches with the root systems are used for replacing general waterweeds, diversified ecological environments are provided for the loach fries to inhabit, the defects that the general waterweeds such as water hyacinth, water lettuce and the like grow too fast, the root systems wither too much, secondary pollution of water is easily caused and the like are overcome, and secondary metabolites such as salicylic acid and the like secreted by the weeping willow branches have certain effects on preventing and treating loach saprolegniasis, white spot and the like;

healthy and active finless eels are put in the culture pond, and the feeding stress effect of the finless eels on the loach fries is utilized to effectively remove the loach fries which are weak, sick and disabled, and the pollution of the dead loach fries to a water body and the spread of plant diseases and insect pests are avoided, so that the survival rate of the loach fries is greatly improved. The survival rate of the loach larvae is over 30 percent when the loach larvae grow to 3cm in length, and the survival rate of the loach larvae in the prior art is generally about 20 percent.

The method for culturing the loach fries has the characteristics of convenient material taking, easy water quality regulation and control, convenient fishing, less pest and disease damage of the loaches, high fry survival rate and the like. Soilless culture is adopted in the whole cultivation process, too many root system litters are not generated, the weeping willow branches are conveniently picked up and then pulled out, water drainage is thorough and clean, the loach seed catching and harvesting are very easy, and labor cost is saved.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:

example 1

The implementation place is as follows: shanghai city Fengxian district village and village town. The implementation time is as follows: 2016 (4-6 months)

Specification and treatment of the soilless culture pond: a layer of high-density polyethylene impermeable membrane with the thickness of 0.35 mm is paved on the soil pools arranged in the greenhouse, and the area of each soil-free pool is 20m²The height is 80cm, the bottom of the pool is an inclined plane, the lowest part is 6cm lower than the highest part, and a water outlet is arranged at the lowest part;

throwing weeping willow branches: injecting solarized pollution-free motor-pumped well water (or river water) into a soilless culture pond, wherein the height of the water is 30 cm, placing weeping willow branches with willow leaves removed, the length of the weeping willow branches is 30-40 cm, the diameter of the weeping willow branches is 3-5 cm, fixing two ends of the branches on small blocks of foamed plastic with the diameter of 3cm respectively to enable the weeping willow branches to float on the water surface, and the area of the branches covering the culture pond accounts for 25%;

putting healthy finless eels: putting the weeping willow branches for 20 days, allowing red root systems of the weeping willows to grow out, putting loach water bloom incubated for 3 days, wherein the water bloom density is 3000 tails/m²And adding 6 thousands of loach water bloom in each culture pond, and adding healthy finless eels with the specification of 20-30 g/tail in the next day.

The whole culture time from the putting of the loach water bloom to the growth of the fries is 30 days, and the subsequent loach culture method can adopt a conventional method (for example, Leishu Shuibo's Nommlung, Misgurni Anguillicaudati high-efficiency culture enrichment technology and example, Chinese agricultural Press 2016: 52-54).

And 6 thousands of loach water blossoms are cultured in each soilless culture pond, 2.2 thousands of loach seedlings are finally produced, the length of each loach is averagely 2.6cm, and the weight of each loach is averagely 0.23 g. During the production period, the survival rate of the loach fries is 36.67%.

Claims

1. A loach fry breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) injecting pollution-free water into the soilless culture pond in the greenhouse, and putting weeping willow branches;

the loach water bloom in the step (2) is incubated for 3-6 days, and the water bloom density is 2000-²The finless eel is 20-30 g/fish, 1-2 finless eels are matched with water and flowers of 1 ten thousand loaches put in each fish;

the area of the soilless culture pond in the step (1) is 10-100m²The height of the injected non-polluted water is 20-50 cm; the weeping willow branches are willow leaves removed, each weeping willow branch is 20-50 cm in length and 1-5 cm in diameter, and the area of the weeping willow branches covering the culture pond is 10-30%.