CN109699224A - A kind of method of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility - Google Patents
A kind of method of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/22—Methane [CH4], e.g. from rice paddies
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility, belong to agricultural technology field, comprising: before the mashing of rice field, apply organic fertilizer and the first nitrogenous fertilizer；The sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 3~4t/hm2；For first nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is 15~20kg/hm2.Using method of the invention compared with conventional, increase organic matter in soil difference topsoil soils, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content and 50~2000 μm of sand-grain volume content, enhance the permeability of soil, culture fertility, paddy methane, nitrous oxide emission and comprehensive greenhouse effects are reduced, are obtained and the close rice yield of conventional fertilizer application amount.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility.
Background technique
Rice field is important greenhouse gas emission source, reduces rice field greenhouse gas emission for extenuating greenhouse effects meaning
It is great.Methane is one of greenhouse gases important in rice field, and paddy methane discharge accounts for about 17% left side of global annual total release
The right side, recent research indicate that, the annual emissions of China's paddy methane are 7.2-9.5 Tg, and Emission Reduction Potential is huge.According to statistics, China is each
About 600,000,000 tons of the stalk that class crop produces every year or so, wherein 2.3 hundred million tons of rice straw, stalk resource are rationally recycled into
For China's Rice Production urgent problem.Good ecological environment is kept, rural Green Development is promoted, should actively push away
It comprehensively utilizes into China's rice straw, caused by reducing because of crop straw burning the problems such as environmental pollution, explores solid with China rice field
The straw utilization new route that carbon emission reduction and improvement of soil fertility technology are adapted.
China is Rice Production big country in the world, and Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area accounts for about world's rice field area up to 4.5 hundred million mu
27%, account for 34% or so of China cereal crops total cultivated area.The Heilungkiang japonica rice main producing region important as China and commodity
Grain production base, Monitoring of Paddy Rice Plant Area steeply rose in recent years, for ensureing that it is very important that China's grain ration effective supply has
Effect.Further, since China farmland is mainly to apply based on chemical fertilizer, and nitrogen application is excessive, and utilization rate is low, generally 30%
Left and right, organic manure application rate are less.Though the black earth rice field organic matter with higher in Heilungkiang, rice field chronic administration chemical fertilizer,
Lead to soil hardening, soil fertility constantly declines.Currently, preparing biological organic fertilizer using rice straw and being returned in rice field
It is the technical measures of ideal a kind of carbon fixation and emission reduction and culture fertility instead of part chemical fertilizer.Reached using conventional method
The effect is unsatisfactory for carbon fixation and emission reduction culture fertility.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility, use is provided by the invention
Method improves the ability of carbon fixation and emission reduction, improves the fertility of paddy soil.
The present invention provides a kind of methods of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility, comprising: before the mashing of rice field, application has
Machine fertilizer and the first nitrogenous fertilizer；
The sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 3~4t/hm2；
For first nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is 15~20kg/hm2。
Preferably, the sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 3.779t/hm2。
Preferably, the sowing amount of first nitrogenous fertilizer is 18kg/hm2。
Preferably, before the mashing of rice field, potash fertilizer is also applied, the potash fertilizer is with K2O meter, sowing amount are 50~70kg/hm2。
Preferably, before the mashing of rice field, phosphate fertilizer is also applied, the phosphate fertilizer is with P2O5Meter, sowing amount are 60~80kg/hm2。
Preferably, the sowing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 70kg/hm2。
Preferably, rice plant of tillering stage apply the second nitrogenous fertilizer, second nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount be 50~
60kg/hm2。
Preferably, the sowing amount of second nitrogenous fertilizer is 54kg/hm2。
Preferably, Rise's boot period apply third nitrogenous fertilizer, the third nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount be 50~
60kg/hm2。
Preferably, the sowing amount of the third nitrogenous fertilizer is 54kg/hm2。
The present invention provides a kind of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility method, rice field mashing before, apply organic fertilizer and
First nitrogenous fertilizer；The sowing amount of organic fertilizer is 3~4t/hm2；For first nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is 15~20kg/hm2.This hair
Bright method increases the nutrient of topsoil, improves soil fertility；Make the soil bulky grain of different topsoils form content to be mentioned
Height enhances the permeability of soil, and methane-oxidizing bacteria vigor is caused to enhance, and promotes the oxidation of methane, reduces paddy methane row
It puts；Reduce nitrous oxide emission.And then have the function that carbon fixation and emission reduction culture fertility.
The embodiment of the present invention is as the result is shown: using method of the invention compared with conventional, increasing soil difference topsoil
Soil with organic matter, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content and 50~2000 μm of sand-grain volume content, enhance the permeability of soil, training
Fertile soil fertility reduces paddy methane, nitrous oxide emission and comprehensive greenhouse effects, obtains and the close rice of conventional fertilizer application amount
Yield.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of methods of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility, comprising: before the mashing of rice field, application has
Machine fertilizer and the first nitrogenous fertilizer；The sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 3~4t/hm2；First nitrogenous fertilizer is in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount 15
~20kg/hm2。
Before the present invention is beaten in rice field, the amount for applying organic fertilizer is 3~4t/hm2, preferably 3.4~3.9t/hm2, more excellent
It is selected as 3.779t/hm2.In the present invention, the organic fertilizer preferably nitrogenous 1.429%, phosphorus 1.443%, potassium 1.454% and have
Machine matter 27.397%.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the organic fertilizer, using conventional commercial product.At this
In invention, the organic fertilizer is preferably the product of the triumphant good fortune new energy development in science and technology Co., Ltd sale of Harbin Shuangcheng City.
The present invention rice mashing before, apply the first nitrogenous fertilizer, first nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount be 15~
20kg/hm2, preferably 16~19kg/hm2, more preferably 18kg/hm2.In the present invention, first nitrogenous fertilizer is preferably with urine
Element applies, and the nitrogen content of the urea is preferably 46%.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the urea, using normal
Commercial product is advised, in embodiments of the present invention, the urea is preferably bought in Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd..
The present invention preferably also applies potash fertilizer before the mashing of rice field, and the potash fertilizer is with K2O meter, sowing amount is preferably 50~
70kg/hm2, more preferably 55~65kg/hm2, most preferably 60kg/hm2.In the present invention, the potash fertilizer is preferably with sulfuric acid
Potassium applies, and for the potassium in the potassium sulfate in terms of potassium oxide, content is preferably 50%.The present invention does not have the source of the potassium sulfate
There is particular determination, using conventional commercial product, in embodiments of the present invention, the potassium sulfate is preferably bought in Yunnan cloud
Tian Hua limited liability company.
The present invention preferably also applies phosphate fertilizer before the mashing of rice field, and the phosphate fertilizer is with P2O5Meter, sowing amount is preferably 60~
80kg/hm2, more preferably 65~75kg/hm2, most preferably 70kg/hm2.In the present invention, the phosphate fertilizer is preferably with phosphoric acid
Diammonium applies, and the phosphorus in the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is with P2O5Meter, content is preferably 46%, and the nitrogen content in the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is preferred
It is 18%.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the Diammonium phosphate (DAP), using conventional commercial product, in the present invention
In embodiment, the Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is preferably bought in Yunnan Yuntianhua Co., Ltd..
The present invention preferably applies the second nitrogenous fertilizer in rice plant of tillering stage, and in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is preferably second nitrogenous fertilizer
50~60kg/hm2, more preferably 52~58kg/hm2, most preferably 54kg/hm2.In the present invention, second nitrogenous fertilizer is excellent
Choosing is applied with urea, and the nitrogen content of the urea is preferably 46%.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the urea,
Using conventional commercial product.
The present invention preferably applies third nitrogenous fertilizer in Rise's boot period, and in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is preferably the third nitrogenous fertilizer
50~60kg/hm2, more preferably 52~58kg/hm2, most preferably 54kg/hm2.In the present invention, the third nitrogenous fertilizer is excellent
Choosing is applied with urea, and the nitrogen content of the urea is preferably 46%.The present invention is not particularly limited the source of the urea,
Using conventional commercial product.
The present invention is not particularly limited other management in rice field, is managed using conventional rice field.
A kind of method of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility of the present invention is done into one combined with specific embodiments below
Detailed introduction is walked, technical solution of the present invention includes but is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
When rice maturation (late September to early October), harvested in due course using combine harvester, and stalk is removed
Rice field, autumn turn over site preparation, and ploughed depth is 18~20cm.Second year early or mid May is beaten using beater.Before mashing
Apply biological organic fertilizer 3.779t/hm2(wherein nitrogenous 1.429%, phosphorus 1.443%, potassium 1.454%, organic matter
27.397%), purity nitrogen 18kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46% deducts the nitrogen contained in Diammonium phosphate (DAP)), P2O570kg/
hm2(apply Diammonium phosphate (DAP), nitrogen, P2O5Content is respectively as follows: 18% and 46%, deducts the phosphorus contained in biological organic fertilizer), K2O
60kg/hm2(applying potassium sulfate, potassium oxide content 50% deducts the potassium contained in biological organic fertilizer).It sinks after mashing 5 days in fact,
Start rice transplanting, the seeding row spacing of rice transplanting is 30cm × 13.3cm, and in early or mid June application primary tillering fertilizer, amount of application is purity nitrogen
54kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46%) applies a booting fertilizer in early or mid July, and amount of application is purity nitrogen 54kg/hm2
(applying urea, nitrogen content 46%), the water management in rice seedling bed is according to shallow irrigation early period, mid-term dry field, later period alternation of wetting and drying
Mode carries out, disease pest and weed is prevented and treated etc. is managed according to conventional high yield technique.
In the fertilising of embodiment 1, biological organic fertilizer, the first nitrogenous fertilizer, the second nitrogenous fertilizer and third nitrogenous fertilizer total purity nitrogen sowing amount
For 180kg/hm2。
Embodiment 2
When rice maturation (late September to early October), harvested in due course using combine harvester, and stalk is removed
Rice field, autumn turn over site preparation, and ploughed depth is 18~20cm.Second year early or mid May is beaten using beater.Before mashing
Apply biological organic fertilizer 3t/hm2It is (wherein nitrogenous 1.429%, phosphorus 1.443%, potassium 1.454%, organic matter 27.397%), pure
Nitrogen 15kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46% deducts the nitrogen contained in Diammonium phosphate (DAP)), P2O560kg/hm2(apply di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, nitrogen, P2O5Content is respectively as follows: 18% and 46%, deducts the phosphorus contained in biological organic fertilizer), K2O 50g/hm2(apply sulfuric acid
Potassium, potassium oxide content 50% deduct the potassium contained in biological organic fertilizer).It sinks after mashing 5 days in fact, starts rice transplanting, rice transplanting
Seeding row spacing is 30cm × 13.3cm, and in early or mid June application primary tillering fertilizer, amount of application is purity nitrogen 60kg/hm2(urea is applied,
Nitrogen content is 46%), to apply a booting fertilizer in early or mid July, amount of application is purity nitrogen 60kg/hm2(urea is applied, nitrogen content is
46%), the water management in rice seedling bed is according to shallow irrigation early period, mid-term dry field, and the mode of later period alternation of wetting and drying carries out, Pest organism
Evil prevention and treatment etc. is managed according to conventional high yield technique.
Embodiment 3
When rice maturation (late September to early October), harvested in due course using combine harvester, and stalk is removed
Rice field, autumn turn over site preparation, and ploughed depth is 18~20cm.Second year early or mid May is beaten using beater.Before mashing
Apply biological organic fertilizer 4t/hm2It is (wherein nitrogenous 1.429%, phosphorus 1.443%, potassium 1.454%, organic matter 27.397%), pure
Nitrogen 20kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46% deducts the nitrogen contained in Diammonium phosphate (DAP)), P2O580kg/hm2(apply di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
Ammonium, nitrogen, P2O5Content is respectively as follows: 18% and 46%, deducts the phosphorus contained in biological organic fertilizer), K2O 70g/hm2(apply sulfuric acid
Potassium, potassium oxide content 50% deduct the potassium contained in biological organic fertilizer).It sinks after mashing 5 days in fact, starts rice transplanting, rice transplanting
Seeding row spacing is 30cm × 13.3cm, and in early or mid June application primary tillering fertilizer, amount of application is purity nitrogen 50kg/hm2(urea is applied,
Nitrogen content is 46%), to apply a booting fertilizer in early or mid July, amount of application is purity nitrogen 50kg/hm2(urea is applied, nitrogen content is
46%), the water management in rice seedling bed is according to shallow irrigation early period, mid-term dry field, and the mode of later period alternation of wetting and drying carries out, Pest organism
Evil prevention and treatment etc. is managed according to conventional high yield technique.
Embodiment 4
Paddy methane and oxidation are sub- in the measuring method monitoring embodiment 1 combined using static camera bellows-gas chromatography
The discharge amount of nitrogen, method particularly includes: gaseous sample is extracted out of field is sealed cabinet using static camera bellows, sample is through adopting
The emission flux of methane and nitrous oxide can be analyzed simultaneously with Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph after collection, then calculate methane and
The discharge amount of nitrous oxide and comprehensive greenhouse effects.In addition, surveying the yield of production method measurement rice using the side of cutting, 1 the results are shown in Table.
1 methane of table and nitrous oxide emission amount result
The outer thermogravimetric of high temperature is respectively adopted in soil with organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and the clay volume content of embodiment 1
Potassium chromate oxidation-volumetric method, sodium bicarbonate method, ammonium acetate extraction method and soil Laser immunotherapy are detected, and are as a result seen
Table 2.
2 organic matter of table, available phosphorus, available potassium and clay volume content result
Comparative example 1
When rice maturation (late September to early October), harvested in due course using combine harvester, and stalk is removed
Rice field, autumn turn over site preparation, and ploughed depth is 18~20cm.Second year early or mid May is beaten using beater.Before mashing
Apply purity nitrogen 72kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46% deducts the nitrogen contained in Diammonium phosphate (DAP)), P2O570kg/hm2It (applies
Diammonium phosphate (DAP), nitrogen, P2O5Content be respectively as follows: 18% and 46%), K2O 60g/hm2(potassium sulfate is applied, potassium oxide content is
50%).It sinks after mashing 5 days in fact, starts rice transplanting, the seeding row spacing of rice transplanting is 30cm × 13.3cm, primary in early or mid June application
Tillering fertilizer, amount of application are purity nitrogen 54kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46%) applies a booting fertilizer in early or mid July,
Amount of application is purity nitrogen 54kg/hm2(applying urea, nitrogen content 46%), the water management in rice seedling bed according to shallow irrigation early period, in
Phase dry field, the mode of later period alternation of wetting and drying carries out, disease pest and weed prevention and treatment etc. is managed according to conventional high yield technique.
The discharge amount of methane and nitrous oxide and the method for comprehensive greenhouse effects are detected with embodiment 1, the results are shown in Table 3.
The result of the discharge amount and comprehensive greenhouse effects of 3 methane of table and nitrous oxide
Detect the same embodiment of method of soil with organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and clay volume content in comparative example 1
1, it the results are shown in Table 4.
4 organic matter of table, available phosphorus, available potassium and clay volume content result
By above embodiments and comparative example, it can be concluded that, compared with comparative example 1, methane emission of the invention, oxidation are sub-
Nitrogen discharged amount and comprehensive greenhouse effects reduce by 24.7%, 8.9% and 23.3% respectively；And the yield of two methods is close.
Compared with comparative example 1, the present invention is in the content of organic matter of 0~10cm topsoil, available phosphorus content, quick-acting potassium content
It is respectively increased 1.2%, 13.9%, 6.2% and 5.3% with 50~2000 μm of sand-grain volume contents, and 0~2 μm of clay volume contains
Amount and 2~50 μm of powder volume contents decline 2.6% and 0.6% respectively；10~20cm topsoil the content of organic matter, effectively
8.0%, 12.6%, 25.4% and is respectively increased in phosphorus content, quick-acting potassium content and 50~2000 μm of sand-grain volume contents
11.2%, and 0~2 μm of clay volume content and 2~50 μm of powder volume contents decline 6.0% and 1.0% respectively；20~
The content of organic matter, available phosphorus content, quick-acting potassium content and 50~2000 μm of sand-grain volume contents of 30cm topsoil are respectively increased
12.4%, 8.0%, 0.6% and 18.4%, and 0~2 μm of clay volume content and 2~50 μm of powder volume contents respectively under
Drop 5.5% and 1.7%.
It therefore deduces that, using method of the invention compared with conventional, increases organic in soil difference topsoil soils
Matter, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content and 50~2000 μm of sand-grain volume content, enhance the permeability of soil, culture fertility subtracts
Few paddy methane, nitrous oxide emission and comprehensive greenhouse effects, obtain and the close rice yield of conventional fertilizer application amount.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of carbon fixation and emission reduction fertilizing rice field soil fertility characterized by comprising before the mashing of rice field, apply organic fertilizer
With the first nitrogenous fertilizer；
The sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 3~4t/hm2；
For first nitrogenous fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is 15~20kg/hm2。
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the sowing amount of the organic fertilizer is 3.779t/hm2。
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the sowing amount of first nitrogenous fertilizer is 18kg/hm2。
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein also applying potash fertilizer, the potash fertilizer is with K before the mashing of rice field2O
Meter, sowing amount are 50~70kg/hm2。
5. method according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that before the mashing of rice field, also apply phosphate fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer
With P2O5Meter, sowing amount are 60~80kg/hm2。
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the sowing amount of the phosphate fertilizer is 70kg/hm2。
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein applying the second nitrogenous fertilizer, second nitrogen in rice plant of tillering stage
For fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is 50~60kg/hm2。
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that the sowing amount of second nitrogenous fertilizer is 54kg/hm2。
9. the method according to claim 1, wherein applying third nitrogenous fertilizer, the third nitrogen in Rise's boot period
For fertilizer in terms of purity nitrogen, sowing amount is 50~60kg/hm2。
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the sowing amount of the third nitrogenous fertilizer is 54kg/hm2。
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| CN111480433A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-08-04 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | Fertilizing method for combined application of organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer and straw |
| CN114793801A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-07-29 | 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所 | Rice field greenhouse gas emission reduction method based on straw returning |
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