CN109695160A - 一种环保合成革 - Google Patents

一种环保合成革 Download PDF

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CN109695160A
CN109695160A CN201811583599.0A CN201811583599A CN109695160A CN 109695160 A CN109695160 A CN 109695160A CN 201811583599 A CN201811583599 A CN 201811583599A CN 109695160 A CN109695160 A CN 109695160A
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layer
parts
synthetic leather
woven fabrics
base cloth
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刘顺兆
刘传庆
陈意
徐蓉
吴丽萍
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YANGZHOU DERWINS PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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YANGZHOU DERWINS PLASTICS TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种环保合成革，包括基布层、防水层和面层；其中，基布层厚度均匀布设，基布层为无纺布，无纺布包括40‑50份的麻纤维、45‑50份的碳纤维和5‑15份的热塑性纤维，麻纤维、碳纤维和热塑性纤维经均匀混合、开松、针刺、浸渍和定型制得无纺布，麻纤维、碳纤维和热塑性纤维经针刺相互缠结，无纺布均匀渗透有聚氨酯树脂，防水层均匀涂覆于基布层的表面，防水层由防水剂溶液喷涂、烘干成型，防水剂溶液包括60‑70份的丙纶油剂和30‑40份的水性聚氨酯树脂，面层涂覆于防水层的表面，并经压印和染色处理。采用本发明中的环保合成革，可以避免使用过程中挥发对人体有害的气体，具有较好的环保性。

Description

一种环保合成革
技术领域
本发明涉及合成革领域，尤其涉及一种环保合成革。
背景技术
目前，合成革广泛应用于服装、车辆和家装领域，具有较好的应用前景。然而合成革存在以下缺点：合成革制备原材料中含有挥发性的有毒物质，导致合成革制品在使用过程中挥发出有害气体，对人体健康造成危害；(2)现有合成革的制备工艺较为复杂，同时能耗较高，导致生产效率低，生产成本高。因此，有必要设计一种环保合成革。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况，本发明提供了一种环保合成革，可以保证制备后的合成革具有较好的环保性，避免使用过程中挥发出有毒气体或气味。
为实现上述目的，本发明公开了一种环保合成革，包括：
基布层，厚度均匀布设，所述基布层为无纺布，所述无纺布包括40-50份的麻纤维、45-50份的碳纤维和5-15份的粘结纤维，所述无纺布中均匀渗透有热塑性树脂，所述麻纤维、所述碳纤维和所述粘结纤维经均匀混合、开松、成网、针刺、浸渍和定型制得所述无纺布，所述麻纤维、所述碳纤维和所述粘结纤维经针刺相互缠结；
防水层，均匀涂覆于所述基布层的表面，所述防水层由防水剂溶液喷涂、烘干成型，所述防水剂溶液包括60-70份的丙纶油剂和30-40份的水性聚氨酯树脂；以及
面层，涂覆于所述防水层的表面，并经压印和染色处理；
其中，浸渍的溶液为热塑性树脂溶液，浸渍时间为5-10min，定型的温度为100℃-120℃，定型的压力为0.02-0.1MPa，烘干的温度为90℃-100℃，烘干的时间为2-5min。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)无纺布的原材选用麻纤维、碳纤维和热塑性纤维等无毒环保型的纤维，可以避免生产和使用过程中，挥发出有毒有害气体，实现绿色生产。
(2)通过添加粘结纤维，保证成型后麻纤维和碳纤维之间的连接界面的粘结强度，进而保证无纺布整体的结构强度；利用粘结纤维和热塑性树脂共同作用，起到固定麻纤维和碳纤维的作用，同时分担麻纤维和碳纤维传递的应力；碳纤维作为增强体，通过添加碳纤维，保证无纺布的结构强度满足使用要求。
(3)环保合成革为绿色产品，具有结构简单、密度小、强度高、防水性好、耐腐蚀性好、抗冲击韧性好、使用寿命长和美观度高等优点。
本发明一种环保合成革的进一步改进在于，所述热塑性树脂溶液为聚氨酯树脂、聚乙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂和丙烯酸树脂的混合物，所述混合物包括80-90份的聚氨酯树脂、5-10份的聚乙烯树脂、1-5份的聚丙烯树脂以及1-5份的丙烯酸树脂。
本发明一种环保合成革的进一步改进在于，所述基布层和所述防水层之间设有保温层。通过设置保温层起保温隔热作用。
本发明一种环保合成革的更进一步改进在于，所述保温层和所述防水层之间设有耐热层，所述耐热层由耐热涤纶纤维经杂乱成网、针刺和压合成型制得。经杂乱成网、针刺和压合成型可以保证耐热层的成型质量，具有强度高、弹性好、热塑性好、阻燃性及耐热性好等优点。
本发明一种环保合成革的进一步改进在于，所述面层压印形成有压纹，所述压纹位置附着有染色剂。通过压纹和染色处理，保证环保合成革整体的美观度。
本发明一种环保合成革的进一步改进在于，所述面层为涂覆于所述防水层表面的涂饰剂，所述涂饰剂包括聚醚多元醇、大分子有机硅氧烷和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮碘。
本发明一种环保合成革的进一步改进在于，所述聚氨酯树脂溶液中均匀混合有致孔剂。通过添加致孔剂，可以保证成型后的无纺布上形成有透气孔，保证良好的透气性。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种环保合成革的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为利于对本发明的了解，以下结合附图及实施例进行说明。
参阅图1可知，本发明公开了一种环保合成革，包括基布层1、防水层2和面层3；其中，基布层1厚度均匀布设，基布层1为无纺布，无纺布包括40-50份的麻纤维、45-50份的碳纤维和5-15份的粘结纤维，无纺布中均匀渗透有热塑性树脂，麻纤维、碳纤维和粘结纤维经均匀混合、开松、成网、针刺、浸渍和定型制得无纺布，麻纤维、碳纤维和粘结纤维经针刺相互缠结，浸渍的溶液为热塑性树脂溶液，浸渍时间为5-10min，定型的温度为100℃-120℃，定型的压力为0.02-0.1MPa；防水层2均匀涂覆于基布层1的表面，防水层2由防水剂溶液喷涂、烘干成型，防水剂溶液包括防水剂溶液包括60-70份的丙纶油剂和30-40份的水性聚氨酯树脂，烘干的温度为90℃-100℃，烘干的时间为2-5min；面层3涂覆于防水层2的表面，并且面层3经压印和染色处理。本实施例中，(1)无纺布的原材均为环保无毒的纤维材料，可以保证使用过程中不会挥发出有毒气体，保证了合成革绿色环保；(2)通过添加碳纤维，可以增强无纺布的结构强度，通过添加粘结纤维，在100℃-120℃温度下融化且具有一定的流动性，使得麻纤维和碳纤维之间的缠结界面均匀粘结有粘结纤维，与现有技术中仅渗透热塑性树脂(包括聚氨酯树脂)相比可更好的保证麻纤维和碳纤维之间的连接强度，继而保证合成革具有较好的结构强度；(3)麻纤维、碳纤维和粘结纤维经均匀混合、开松、成网、针刺、浸渍和定型成型，可以保证麻纤维、碳纤维和粘结纤维之间充分缠结接触，以保证相互之间的粘合度；(4)通过在基布层1上涂覆防水层2，可以保证合成革具有防水作用；(5)渗透热塑性树脂与现有技术中添加热固性树脂相比，可以保证合成革具有较好的抗冲击性和较大的断裂延伸性，同时面层3在涂覆(涂覆中需要进行烘干处理)中，粘结纤维、热塑性树脂以及水性聚氨酯树脂受热软化，冷却降温后实现基布层1、防水层2和面层3之间的紧密粘结在一起；(6)采用麻纤维、碳纤维制成的无纺布具有较好的柔软性和舒适感。具体的，(1)针刺包括一次针刺和二次针刺，其中一次针刺的针刺密度为70-80针/cm3，二次针刺的针刺密度为60-70针/cm3；(2)合成革还可经皮革揉纹机进行揉纹处理，保证揉纹后的合成革具有较好的柔软度，酷似真皮，揉纹温度为70-85℃，揉纹时间20-30min；具体的，揉纹过程中每隔8-10min取出揉纹的合成革，并将其与样品揉纹效果核对，保证揉纹的质量符合要求，揉完后进行冷却干燥处理，最后叠放整齐、送检入库；(3)喷涂防水剂后，利用真空烘干设备进行烘干，与一般烘干设备相比，缩短了烘干时间，并且烘干后的防水层2的物理、化学性能不会发生改变；(4)实际使用中，利用粘结纤维和热塑性树脂的粘合性，可以保证合成革出现裂纹时，能够阻碍合成革损伤的进一步扩大，当部分纤维断裂，可以将受力传递至其他纤维；(5)面层3染色时可采用水晶染、糊染和蜡染等染色方式。
进一步的，基布层1和防水层2之间设有保温层4。本实施例中，通过设置保温层4保证成型后的合成革具有一定的隔热保温性能。具体的，保温层4的原材为棉纤维。
更进一步的，保温层4和防水层2之间设有耐热层5，耐热层5由耐热涤纶纤维经杂乱成网和热压成型制得。本实施例中，耐热层5通过对耐热涤纶纤维杂乱成网、针刺和压合成型(压合成型包括加热和加压)可以保证耐热层5的成型质量，成型后的耐热层5具有强度高、弹性好、热塑性好、阻燃性好及耐热性好等优点。
进一步的，面层3为涂覆于防水层2表面的涂饰剂，涂饰剂包括聚醚多元醇、大分子有机硅氧烷和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮碘；可以保证制备后的合成革具有较好的耐磨性和防污性，同时保证面层和防水层之间的粘结强度。具体的，聚醚多元醇为20-40份，大分子有机硅氧烷为5-10份，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮碘为3-5份。
进一步的，面层3压印形成有压纹，压纹位置附着有染色剂。本实施例中，通过在面层3上压纹及在压纹位置染色，可以保证合成革整体的美观性。
进一步的，聚氨酯树脂溶液中均匀混合有致孔剂。本实施例中，通过添加致孔剂，可以保证成型后的无纺布上形成有微透气孔，进而保证合成基布层1具有良好的透气和透湿性能。
本发明中，面层3还包括5-10份的聚氨酯树脂、3-5份的稀释剂、1-2份的有机硅助剂、3-5份的染色料。
本发明中无纺布还包括30-40份的大豆纤维，使得合成革具有一定的可降解性。
本发明中，热塑性树脂溶液中还均匀混合有抗菌剂，可用于抗菌防霉，进一步提高合成革的产品质量，并且通过将抗菌剂添加于热塑性树脂溶液中，可以保证抗菌防霉的持久性。
本发明中，通过压花机对面层3表面进行压花处理，然后再进行染色。
本发明一种环保合成革的有益效果包括：
1.合成革具有较好的环保性，有效避免使用过程中挥发出有毒气体或气味，同时具有较好强度、弹性、热塑性、透气性、隔热保温性以及一定的可降解性。
2.基布层和面层之间采用热压成型，防水层经喷涂、烘干成型于基布层的表面，可以有效保证相互之间的粘结(连接)强度高，延长合成革的使用寿命。
3.合成革的结构简单，简化了合成革的制备工序，提高了生产效率。
以上仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明做任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案的范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
需要说明的是，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容的能涵盖的范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种环保合成革，其特征在于：包括
基布层，厚度均匀布设，所述基布层为无纺布，所述无纺布包括40-50份的麻纤维、45-50份的碳纤维和5-15份的粘结纤维，所述无纺布中均匀渗透有热塑性树脂，所述麻纤维、所述碳纤维和所述粘结纤维经均匀混合、开松、成网、针刺、浸渍和定型制得所述无纺布，所述麻纤维、所述碳纤维和所述粘结纤维经针刺相互缠结；
防水层，均匀涂覆于所述基布层的表面，所述防水层由防水剂溶液喷涂、烘干成型，所述防水剂溶液包括60-70份的丙纶油剂和30-40份的水性聚氨酯树脂；以及
面层，涂覆于所述防水层的表面，并经压印和染色处理；
其中，浸渍的溶液为热塑性树脂溶液，浸渍时间为5-10min，定型的温度为100℃-120℃，定型的压力为0.02-0.1MPa，烘干的温度为90℃-100℃，烘干的时间为2-5min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保合成革，其特征在于：所述热塑性树脂溶液为聚氨酯树脂、聚乙烯树脂、聚丙烯树脂和丙烯酸树脂的混合物，所述混合物包括80-90份的聚氨酯树脂、5-10份的聚乙烯树脂、1-5份的聚丙烯树脂以及1-5份的丙烯酸树脂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保合成革，其特征在于：所述基布层和所述防水层之间设有保温层。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种环保合成革，其特征在于：所述保温层和所述防水层之间设有耐热层，所述耐热层由耐热涤纶纤维经杂乱成网、针刺和压合成型制得。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保合成革，其特征在于：所述面层压印形成有压纹，所述压纹位置附着有染色剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保合成革，其特征在于：所述面层为涂覆于所述防水层表面的涂饰剂，所述涂饰剂包括聚醚多元醇、大分子有机硅氧烷和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮碘。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种环保合成革，其特征在于：所述聚氨酯树脂溶液中均匀混合有致孔剂。
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