CN109687541A - 电池供电装置 - Google Patents

电池供电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109687541A
CN109687541A CN201710974637.4A CN201710974637A CN109687541A CN 109687541 A CN109687541 A CN 109687541A CN 201710974637 A CN201710974637 A CN 201710974637A CN 109687541 A CN109687541 A CN 109687541A
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battery
power
power supply
supply circuit
battery pack
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陈嘉璋
吴道成
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STL Technology Co Ltd
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STL Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/925,113 priority patent/US10923943B2/en
Publication of CN109687541A publication Critical patent/CN109687541A/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using temperature dependent resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H02J2007/0067—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

Abstract

本发明提供一种电池供电装置，其包括一电池组、至少一开关器、一电源电源管理芯片、一预供电电路，预供电电路包括一降压及限流模块，降压及限流模块包括至少一齐纳二极管及至少一限流电阻，其中当开关器断开时，电池组经由预供电电路供电至一系统装置，则，电池供电装置即使运作在一待机的工作模式，电池组仍可经由预供电电路供电至系统装置，再者，电池供电装置经由预供电电路供电时，电源管理芯片能够处在待机状态，以降低电池能量的损耗而延长电池供电装置的供电时间。

Description

电池供电装置
技术领域
本发明有关于一种电池供电装置，尤指一种能够提供备用能量的电池供电装置。
背景技术
为了避免系统装置在执行重要的任务时，发生断电的情况，系统装置是可以连接一外部的电池供电装置。当断电发生时，藉由电池供电装置的放电，以提供系统装置执行重要任务所需的备用电源。
以往电池供电装置的内部是设置有一直流电源转换器(如切换式电源转换器或线性式电源转换器)，电池供电装置可以利用直流电源转换器将电池的电压降压至系统装置所需的电压，以便供电至系统装置。
然而，直流电源转换器的组件成本较高，将会增加电池供电装置的硬件费用，且直流电源转换器的耗电性较高，容易造成电池能量的损耗，且在执行放电的过程中，容易过度放电而造成电池芯的损坏。再者，当电池供电装置经由直流电源转换器供电时，电池供电装置的一电源管理芯片都必须被唤醒，以便控制直流电源转换器的运作，然而，正常运作的电源管理芯片是容易造成电池供电装置的电池能量快速耗尽。
发明内容
本发明的一目的，在于提出一种电池供电装置，其包括有一电池组、至少一开关器、一电源管理芯片及一预供电电路，电池供电装置运作在一待机的省电模式下，电池组仍可经由预供电电路供电至一系统装置，且待机状态的电源管理芯片将可降低电池组的电池能量的损耗，而延长电池供电装置的供电时间。
本发明又一目的，在于提出一种电池供电装置，电池供电装置的预供电电路包括一降压及限流模块，降压及限流模块包括至少一齐纳二极管及至少一限流电阻，电池组的放电能量经由齐纳二极管的降压及限流电阻的限流以供电至系统装置，在此，藉由齐纳二极管的压降电压，以限制电池组的最低放电电压，避免电池组的过度放电而造成永久的损坏。
本发明又一目的，在于提出一种电池供电装置，电池供电装置的预供电电路尚包括一温度保护模块，当降压及限流模块的工作温度超过一温度门槛值时，温度保护模块将产生一高阻抗，经由高阻抗断开电池组、预供电电路与系统装置间的一电流回路，致使以避免降压及限流模块过热时供电至系统装置，增加供电上的安全性。
为达成上述目的，本发明提供一种电池供电装置，其用以供电至一系统装置，电池供电装置包括：一电池组，由多颗电池串联而成；至少一开关器，连接在电池组与系统装置间；一电源管理芯片，连接开关器，用以控制开关器的导通或断开；及一预供电电路，连接在电池组与系统装置间，预供电电路包括一降压及限流模块，降压及限流模块包括至少一齐纳二极管及至少一限流电阻，齐纳二极管串联限流电阻，其中开关器断开时，电池组经由预供电电路供电至系统装置。
本发明一实施例中，电源管理芯片从一正常的工作模式转换为一待机的工作模式前，开关器被电源管理芯片控制为断开。
本发明一实施例中，预供电电路尚包括一温度保护模块，温度保护模块连接降压及限流模块且用以感测降压及限流模块的一工作温度，当降压及限流模块的工作温度超过一温度门槛值时，温度保护模块断开电池组、预供电电路与系统装置间的一电流回路。
本发明一实施例中，温度保护模块为一正温度系数的阻抗组件。
本发明一实施例中，温度保护模块为一热敏电阻、一多晶硅保险丝或一断路器。
本发明一实施例中，电源管理芯片操作在一正常的工作模式时，开关器被电源管理芯片控制为导通，电池组经由开关器供电至系统装置。
本发明一实施例中，电源管理芯片接收一唤醒信号，电源管理芯片根据唤醒信号以从待机的工作模式转换为正常的工作模式。
本发明一实施例中，开关器为一接面场效晶体管、一金氧半场效晶体管、一双载子晶体管或一继电器。
附图说明
图1：本发明电池供电装置的电路区块示意图。
图2：本发明预供电电路的降压及限流模块的电路结构示意图。
主要组件符号说明：
10 电池供电装置 11 电池组
13 电源管理芯片 15 开关器
17 预供电电路 18 降压及限流模块
181 齐纳二极管 183 限流电阻
19 温度保护模块 20 系统装置
具体实施方式
请参阅图1，为电池供电装置的电路示意图。如图1所示，本发明电池供电装置10用以供电至一系统装置20，其包括有一电池组11、一电源管理芯片13、至少一开关器15及一预供电电路17。电池组11由多颗电池串联而成。开关器15连接在电池组11与系统装置20间。开关器15可以为一接面场效晶体管(JFET)、一金氧半场效晶体管(MOSFET)一双载子晶体管(BJT)或一继电器。预供电电路17连接在电池组11与系统装置20间，其为一旁路的供电电路。
电源管理芯片13连接开关器15，其用以控制开关器15的开关导通或断开。当电源管理芯片13运作在一正常的工作模式时，将发布一致能信号至开关器15，以导通开关器15，电池组11的一放电能量(如放电电流)经由导通的开关器15供电至系统装置20。或者，当电源管理芯片13欲从正常的工作模式转换为一待机的工作模式(或称为省电的工作模式)前，电源管理芯片13先发布一禁能信号至开关器15，以断开开关器15；而后，当电源管理芯片13运作在待机的工作模式时，电池组11的放电能量经由预供电电路17供电至系统装置20。于此，电池组11、开关器15与系统装置20间形成有一正常的供电回路，而电池组11、预供电电路17与系统装置20间形成有一旁路的供电回路。
如图1及图2所示，本发明预供电电路17包括有一降压及限流模块18。降压及限流模块18包括至少一齐纳二极管181及至少一限流电阻183。齐纳二极管181与限流电阻183是以串联方式连接一起。当电源管理芯片13运作在待机的工作模式时，齐纳二极管181将电池组11的电池电压降压至系统装置20所需的电压，而限流电阻183将电池组11的放电电流限制在系统装置20的可容许的电流范围内。则，电池组11的放电能量经由降压及限流模块18的降压及限流后以供电至系统装置20。再者，藉由齐纳二极管181的压降电压，以限制电池组11的最低放电电压，进而避免电池组11的过度放电而造成永久的损坏。在本发明中，齐纳二极管181配置的数量根据于系统装置20所需的电压而决定，而限流电阻183配置的数量根据于系统装置20的可容许的电流范围而决定。
于此，本发明电池供电装置10运作在待机的省电模式下，电池组11仍可经由预供电电路17来供电至系统装置20，且待机状态的电源管理芯片13将可降低电池组11的电池能量的损耗，而延长电池供电装置10的供电时间。
另，本发明电源管理芯片13是可以接收一唤醒信号，唤醒信号是可以为系统装置20或一外部控制装置所发布。当电源管理芯片13接收唤醒信号时，其可以从待机的工作模式转换回正常的工作模式，且发出一致能信号至开关器15，以控制开关器15重新导通。
又，预供电电路17尚包括一温度保护模块19。降压及限流模块18经由温度保护模块19连接系统装置20。在本发明一实施例中，温度保护模块19为一正温度系数的阻抗组件，如热敏电阻(PTC)、多晶硅保险丝(polyfuse)或断路器(breaker)，其将随着温度的上升而增加阻抗。温度保护模块19用以感测降压及限流模块18的一工作温度。当降压及限流模块18的工作温度超过一温度门槛值时，温度保护模块19将产生一高阻抗，电池组11、预供电电路17与系统装置20间的一电流回路将被温度保护模块19的高阻抗所断开。藉由温度保护模块19的设置，以避免降压及限流模块18过热时继续供电至系统装置20，增加供电上的安全性。
以上所述者，仅为本发明之一较佳实施例而已，并非用来限定本发明实施之范围，即凡依本发明权利要求所述之形状、构造、特征及精神所为之均等变化与修饰，均应包括于本发明之权利要求内。

Claims (8)

1.一种电池供电装置，其特征在于，用以供电至一系统装置，所述电池供电装置包括：
一电池组，由多颗电池串联而成；
至少一开关器，连接在所述电池组与所述系统装置间；
一电源管理芯片，连接所述开关器，用以控制所述开关器的导通或断开；及
一预供电电路，连接在所述电池组与所述系统装置间，所述预供电电路包括一降压及限流模块，所述降压及限流模块包括至少一齐纳二极管及至少一限流电阻，所述齐纳二极管串联所述限流电阻，其中所述开关器断开时，所述电池组经由所述预供电电路供电至所述系统装置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述电源管理芯片从一正常的工作模式转换为一待机的工作模式前，所述开关器被所述电源管理芯片控制为断开。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述预供电电路尚包括一温度保护模块，所述温度保护模块连接所述降压及限流模块且用以感测所述降压及限流模块的一工作温度，当所述降压及限流模块的所述工作温度超过一温度门槛值时，所述温度保护模块断开所述电池组、所述预供电电路与所述系统装置间的一电流回路。
4.根据权利要求3所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述温度保护模块为一正温度系数的阻抗组件。
5.根据权利要求3所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述温度保护模块为一热敏电阻、一多晶硅保险丝或一断路器。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述电源管理芯片操作在一正常的工作模式时，所述开关器被所述电源管理芯片控制为导通，所述电池组经由所述开关器供电至所述系统装置。
7.根据权利要求2所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述电源管理芯片接收一唤醒信号，所述电源管理芯片根据所述唤醒信号以从所述待机的工作模式转换为所述正常的工作模式。
8.根据权利要求1所述的电池供电装置，其特征在于，所述开关器为一接面场效晶体管、一金氧半场效晶体管、一双载子晶体管或一继电器。
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