CN109642633B - 液压阻尼支承 - Google Patents

液压阻尼支承 Download PDF

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CN109642633B
CN109642633B CN201780051240.6A CN201780051240A CN109642633B CN 109642633 B CN109642633 B CN 109642633B CN 201780051240 A CN201780051240 A CN 201780051240A CN 109642633 B CN109642633 B CN 109642633B
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diaphragm
foam
chamber
hydraulic
damping
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CN109642633A (zh
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M·利利格林
J·菲利普
T·时梅尔
T·斯托克
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Vibracoustic SE
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/105Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of partitions between two working chambers
    • F16F13/106Design of constituent elastomeric parts, e.g. decoupling valve elements, or of immediate abutments therefor, e.g. cages
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/12Arrangement of engine supports
    • B60K5/1208Resilient supports
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16FSPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02Materials; Material properties solids
    • F16F2224/0225Cellular, e.g. microcellular foam

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种液压阻尼支承(10,100),其用于支承机动车动力总成、尤其用于将机动车发动机支承在机动车车身上,包括支撑支承芯体(14)且包围出工作腔(16)的托簧(12)以及通过隔板(20)与所述工作腔(16)隔开并由平衡隔膜(22)界定的平衡腔(18),其中所述平衡腔(18)和所述工作腔(16)填充有流体(24)并通过设置在所述隔板(20)内的阻尼通道(26)彼此连通,并且其中所述隔板(20)具有以能够振动的方式容纳的隔膜(28),其中所述隔膜(28)配属有泡沫材料件(32,46),所述泡沫材料件在偏转的情况下支撑隔膜(28)。

Description

液压阻尼支承
技术领域
本发明涉及用于支撑机动车动力总成的液压阻尼支承,尤其涉及将机动车发动机支承在机动车车身上的液压阻尼支承,该液压阻尼支承包括支撑支承芯体且包围出工作腔的托簧以及通过隔板与工作腔隔开且由平衡隔膜界定的平衡腔,其中平衡腔和工作腔填充有流体并且通过设置在隔板中的阻尼通道彼此连通,其中隔板具有以能够振动的方式被收纳的隔膜。
背景技术
这样的液压阻尼支承也被称为液压悬架并且尤其用于将机动车发动机支撑在机动车车身上,以便一方面阻尼由道路颠簸引起的振动,另一方面隔离声振动。例如,由弹性材料制成的托簧形成声隔离。由道路颠簸引起的振动被液压系统阻尼,其中液压系统由流体阻尼的工作腔、平衡腔以及将这两个腔彼此相连的阻尼通道形成。
工作腔通过托簧的移动而变大或变小,由此在工作腔内形成液压压力。由于压力原因,工作腔内的流体通过阻尼通道被压入平衡腔。由于阻尼通道的小直径以及与此相关的高机械传动比(由相对于阻尼通道横截面的托簧等效排流横截面产生),所传入的振动被吸收或阻尼。
为了解耦高频小振幅振动,就是说在声音相关区域内,在隔板内设置弹性隔膜是已知的。在这种情况下,隔膜高频小振幅振动,以显著减小支承动态刚度的增大。
在发动机空转运行中,期望降低小于支承静态刚度的动态刚度。相反,为了获得所需阻尼性能,在行驶运行中需要该支承的高刚度。为此,已知提供具有用于隔膜的切换装置的液压阻尼支承,该支承借助该切换装置可适用于发动机的行驶运行或空转运行。例如,该切换装置可通过空气腔来实现,该空气腔设置在隔膜下面且填充有空气或以可切换的方式被排空。
因此,在一定幅度下的振动阻尼通常伴随动态总刚度的增加。如果期望低动态刚度,则以等同的措施限制阻尼通道的功效。但是,两种状态通常不可能同时发生。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种液压阻尼支承,其虽然具有阻尼作用,但具有特别低的动态总刚度。
提供一种用于实现该目的的根据本发明/实施例的液压阻尼支承。该液压阻尼支承的有利的实施例是附加技术特征的主题。
根据本发明的支承,泡沫材料件在偏转的情况下支撑隔膜。在该过程中,泡沫材料件在阻尼系统中产生足够的刚度,以在一定的给定频率下产生阻尼作用。另外,隔膜/泡沫材料件系统的组合刚度在支承的共振频率以上足够低以减小托簧刚度。
因此,泡沫材料件的物理性能允许支承的高阻尼和低刚度,而没有相应状态通常具有的副作用或缺点。
有利地,泡沫材料件被振动的隔膜压缩。
作用于液压阻尼支承的振动被托簧吸收并使工作腔变大或变小,从而在工作腔中产生液压压力。对于给定的频率范围,工作腔中产生的压力被传递至隔膜。在这种情况下,泡沫材料件与隔膜具有足够高的刚度使泡沫材料件以不能振动的方式支撑隔膜。因此,迫使流体经过阻尼通道并产生阻尼作用。
从工作腔中的可调压力极限起,泡沫材料件和隔膜的刚度不足以大到使泡沫材料件以不能振动的方式支撑隔膜。因此,隔膜振动。可借助于泡沫材料件和隔膜的刚度来调节压力极限的水平。泡沫材料件被振动的隔膜压缩。从而,为隔膜提供振动空间。但是,在这种情况下,泡沫材料件和隔膜的刚度低到使动态总刚度可设定成与没有阻尼作用的状态相似的值。
有利地,支承的阻尼性能可通过泡沫材料件的邵氏硬度来调节。
有利地,泡沫材料件被收纳在腔室中。后者可设置在隔板或支承杯体中。
在有利的实施例中,该腔室在一个端面处被隔膜密封。
在有利的实施例中,泡沫材料件由闭孔泡沫材料构成。相比于开孔泡沫材料件,闭孔泡沫材料件是不吸水的。从而,可能进入的湿气不会被泡沫材料件吸收。在有利的实施例中,泡沫材料件由PU泡沫材料形成,特别是由微孔泡沫材料(MCU)形成。
在有利的实施例中,在腔室上设置有与切换阀相对应的开口。该腔室充填有空气,空气以可控的方式通过腔室上的开口,切换阀与腔室上的开口相关联。空气优选地直接抽吸自液压阻尼支承的外部环境。
泡沫材料件在隔膜振动时被压缩以在腔室中产生空的空间。在振动过程中,该空间沿隔膜振动方向在径向向外方向和轴向上变大。如果产生的空间通过开口和切换阀充填有空气,则使隔膜与泡沫材料件在短时间内分离,从而降低隔膜/泡沫材料件系统的刚度。由此可降低液压阻尼支承的动态总刚度。
在有利的实施例中,泡沫材料件形成为具有中空柱状的形状。
附图说明
以下参照如图示意性所示的实施例来更详细解释本发明。在附图中:
图1示出液压阻尼支承的示例实施例的截面视图;和
图2示出液压阻尼支承的另一示例实施例的截面视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出一种具有支撑支承芯体14且包围出工作腔16的托簧12的液压阻尼支承10。此外,设有平衡腔18,其通过隔板20与工作腔16隔开并且由平衡隔膜22界定出。工作腔16和平衡腔18填充有流体24并且通过布置在隔板20内的阻尼通道26彼此连通。
隔板20具有以能够振动的方式被收纳的隔膜28。隔膜28与其中收纳有圆柱形泡沫材料件32的腔室30相关联。腔室30被模制在收纳平衡腔的杯体34内。隔膜28在腔室34的端面覆盖腔室30。
泡沫材料件32完全填充腔室30。在这种情况下,泡沫材料件32贴靠腔室30的所有侧以及隔膜28。但是,泡沫材料件32并未附接至隔膜。在液压阻尼支承的运行期间,泡沫材料件32贴靠在隔膜28的能够振动的区域内。
作用在液压阻尼支承10上的振动被托簧12吸收并使工作腔16变大或变小。从而,在工作腔16中产生液压压力。对于给定的频率范围,工作腔16中产生的压力被传递至隔膜28上。但是,泡沫材料件32在腔室30中贴靠隔膜28并且支撑隔膜。泡沫材料件32与隔膜28一起具有足够高的刚度来迫使流体24通过阻尼通道26并产生阻尼作用。但是在这种情况下,刚度相对低,以便由此将动态总刚度设定成与没有阻尼作用的状态相似的值。
图2示出根据本发明的液压阻尼支承的另一实施例。
液压阻尼支承100具有腔室44,其在远离隔膜28的一侧沿径向居中地具有与切换阀42相关联的开口48。在切换阀42的打开位置,空气36可从外部被引入腔室44。
此外,液压阻尼支承100具有带通路50的中空柱状泡沫材料件46。通路50沿径向居中地布置并且沿轴线A轴向地延伸向泡沫材料件46。
同样在此实施例中,作用在液压阻尼支承100上的振动被托簧12吸收并且使工作腔16变大或变小。从而,在工作腔16中产生液压压力。对于给定的频率范围,工作腔16中产生的压力被传递至隔膜28上。但泡沫材料件46在腔室44中贴靠隔膜28的底部并支撑隔膜。泡沫材料件46和隔膜28一起具有足够高的刚度以迫使流体24通过阻尼通道26并产生阻尼作用。
隔膜28由泡沫材料件46支撑以使泡沫材料件46在隔膜28振动时被压缩。当隔膜28振动时,泡沫材料件46被压缩以在腔室44中产生空的空间。在振动过程中,该空间沿着隔膜28振动的方向在径向向外方向以及轴向上变大。
在腔室44中由振动隔膜28产生的空间通过泡沫材料件46的通路50可被充填有空气36,泡沫材料件的通路沿径向居中地布置且沿轴向延伸。在短时间内,这使隔膜28与泡沫材料件46分离,从而降低了隔膜/泡沫材料件系统的刚度。因此,可降低液压阻尼支承100的动态总刚度。
附图标记列表
10,100 液压阻尼支承;12 托簧;14 支承芯体;16 工作腔;18 平衡腔;20 隔板;22 平衡隔膜;24 流体;26 阻尼通道;28 隔膜;30,44 腔室;32,46 泡沫材料件;34 杯体;36 空气;42 切换阀;48 开口;50 通路。

Claims (9)

1.一种液压阻尼支承(10,100),其用于支承机动车动力总成,该液压阻尼支承包括支撑支承芯体(14)且包围出工作腔(16)的托簧(12)以及通过隔板(20)与所述工作腔(16)隔开并由平衡隔膜(22)界定的平衡腔(18),其中所述平衡腔(18)和所述工作腔(16)充填有流体(24)并通过设置在所述隔板(20)内的阻尼通道(26)彼此连通,并且其中所述隔板(20)具有以能振动的方式被收纳的隔膜(28),所述隔膜(28)配属有泡沫材料件(32,46),所述泡沫材料件在偏转情况下支撑该隔膜(28),其中,所述泡沫材料件(32,46)支撑所述隔膜(28),从而所述泡沫材料件(32,46)通过该隔膜(28)的振动被压缩,其特征在于,在腔室(30,44)上设置有对应于切换阀(42)的开口(48),所述切换阀(42)布置在所述液压阻尼支承内并且所述泡沫材料件具有通路(50),所述开口(48)、所述通路(50)和所述切换阀(42)一一对应。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述泡沫材料件(32,46)被收纳在腔室(30,44)中。
3.根据权利要求2所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述腔室(30,44)在一个端面侧由所述隔膜(28)密封。
4.根据前述任一权利要求所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述泡沫材料件(32,46)由闭孔泡沫材料构成。
5.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述泡沫材料件(32,46)由聚氨酯泡沫材料构成。
6.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述泡沫材料件(32,46)呈中空柱形构成。
7.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述支承的阻尼性能能通过所述泡沫材料件的邵氏硬度来调节。
8.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述泡沫材料件(32,46)由微孔泡沫材料(MCU)构成。
9.根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100),其特征在于,所述的液压阻尼支承(10,100)用于将机动车发动机支承在机动车车身上。
CN201780051240.6A 2016-11-03 2017-11-02 液压阻尼支承 Active CN109642633B (zh)

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DE102016120959.7A DE102016120959B4 (de) 2016-11-03 2016-11-03 Hydraulisch dämpfendes Lager
DE102016120959.7 2016-11-03
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