CN109601263A - The restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow - Google Patents
The restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow Download PDFInfo
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- CN109601263A CN109601263A CN201811519196.XA CN201811519196A CN109601263A CN 109601263 A CN109601263 A CN 109601263A CN 201811519196 A CN201811519196 A CN 201811519196A CN 109601263 A CN109601263 A CN 109601263A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow.The restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow, including the following steps: in high and cold Marsh Wetland Degenerated ground, mixed seeding hairgrass seed and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed carry out field management later；Wherein, the weight ratio of the hairgrass seed and the Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed is 1~3:1~3, preferably 1~2:1~2.The present invention is using the high and cold Marsh Wetland effect highly significant degenerated after hairgrass and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass mixed seeding plantation for restoration harness, and achieve good ecology, economic and social benefit, the seed of both crops is easy to collect simultaneously, is suitble to large-scale plantation, and can be used for herding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture Treatment process fields, more particularly, to a kind of recovery side on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow
Method.
Background technique
Qinghai-Tibet Platean is referred to as " third place in the world grade ", has unique geographical environment and special weather conditions, and meadow is raw
State system is based on Alpine meadow, high-cold steppe and high and cold Marsh Wetland.In recent years, by human society and production and operating activities and
The joint effect of Global climate change has occurred the structure and function of the Qinghai-Tibet Alpine Grasslands ecosystem irreversible
Variation, meadow (including plant and soil) quality degradation, productivity, economic potential and service function reduce, the deterioration of the ecological environment,
Bio-diversity and its complexity degree reduce, and the service function and stability of the ecosystem are gradually lost, grassland ecological environment
Severe exacerbation.
Currently, the improvement recovery technology on Alpine meadow and high-cold steppe degeneration meadow is quite mature, available grass seeds
It is more, mainly there are Elymus nutans, Qinghai Festuca sinensis, Qinghai cool-zone turfgrasses etc., and these grass seeds all can industry metaplasia
It produces, and achieves a series of provincial standard and research achievement.In contrast, the recovery Study of Thin of Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland
It is weak, and can be also very rare with grass seeds, this has become the bottleneck problem of Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland revegetation.
In current production practices, the grass seeds of revegetation is few after degenerating for high and cold Marsh Wetland, and part is suitble to
For high and cold Marsh Wetland growing plants since plant is short and small, seed is not easy the reasons such as mechanization is collected or percentage of seedgermination is low,
It is restricted in popularization and application, is not suitable for further industrialization production seed, the scale for being also not suitable for high and cold Marsh Wetland is extensive
It is multiple.
In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow, this method uses hairgrass
The high and cold Marsh Wetland effect highly significant degenerated after being planted with Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass mixed seeding for restoration harness, and achieve
Good ecology, economic and social benefit, while the seed of both crops is easy to collect, and is suitble to large-scale plantation, and can
For herding.
In order to achieve the goal above, the present invention provides following technical schemes:
The restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow, including the following steps:
High and cold Marsh Wetland Degenerated on the ground, mixed seeding hairgrass seed and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed, it is laggard
Row field management；Wherein, the weight ratio of the hairgrass seed and the Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed be 1~3:1~3, preferably 1
~2:1~2.
Hairgrass and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass are grass family trial of Eleven Herbage Plants in Henan, and the two growing environment is to soil moisture
Content requirement is higher, and original silkworm egg is exactly in 3750 meters of Forage Land In Guoluo Prefecture Maqin County height above sea level of marsh when especially hairgrass wild cultivating is tamed
It is acquired on wetland, original seed is also the height at 4100 meters of Forage Land In Guoluo Prefecture Dari County height above sea level when Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass wild cultivating is tamed
It is acquired on cold grassy marshland, two kinds of herbages just all adapt to high and cold Marsh Wetland and its periphery growth very much.
In terms of botanical characteristics, hairgrass is thicket type herbage, and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass is rhizome type herbage, and the two is just mutual
It mends, can quickly form turf, phytobiocoenose is stablized, and resistance to herd resistance to trample, persistence is strong, and herbaceous stem is soft, yield is higher, herbage quality
Good, utilization periods are long.Meanwhile Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass has flourishing tiller regeneration and Propagation of Rhizomes ability, with growth year
The increase of limit, it is easier to form fine and close divot, water storage and water holding capacity are stronger, for water conservation, prevent erosion
And containment grassland degeneration will all play the role of it is good.
One aspect of the present invention using hairgrass two kinds of herbages of green, extra large English grass " seed size is similar, can sow simultaneously,
Breeding time is close, is convenient for cultivation management " the characteristics of, on the other hand Degenerated is acted on the ground using what two kinds of herbage complementations cooperateed with
Fine and close divot is quickly formed, and is not easy to degenerate after planting.In general, plantation second year, two kinds of herbage height can reach
60cm or more, the cover degree of crop community reach 82% or more in addition some areas can reach 97% or more, and can mechanical metaplasia
Grass seed is produced, development potentiality is huge.
The present invention is not simply to two kinds of herbage mixed seedings, it is required that the two is mixed with ratio 1~3:1~3 of science
Sowing is closed, specific seeding method is various such as common drilling.
Before planting, can carry out killing mouse control, turn over, apply fertilizer, harrowing mill etc. and conventional broadcasting preceding work.
To sum up, restoration methods of the invention have the following characteristics that
1. because ground is suitable for locality: extremely frigid zones locality wild cultivating tames grass seeds, extremely well-adapted, especially hairgrass
Original silkworm egg derives from high and cold Marsh Wetland, and the grass seeds that the present invention uses is exactly the Local grass-seed of extremely frigid zones locality；
2. good ecological: thicket type and rhizome type grazing hybrid sowing are easier to quickly form fine and close divot, after planting
It is not easy to degenerate；
Herd 3. taking into account with property: two kinds of herbages have preferable palatability, and nutritive value is abundant, can reach ecology, production pair
The effect of win；
4. combinations of mixed: under mixed seeding state, the sharpest edges of each grass seeds of competence exertion, in Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland
Range restoration shows optimal effect on administering；
5. the operability of mechanization: Seed Production can industrialization, it is easy to spread.
In order to obtain good recovery effects, the present invention also optimizes high and cold Marsh Wetland Degenerated ground planting implant
The technical characteristics such as reasonable utilization and scientific management after the place selection of quilt, agronomic measures, process flow and planting, specifically such as
Hereafter.
Preferably, the application rate of the hairgrass seed is 10~20kg/hm2, preferably 15~20kg/hm2, more preferable 15~
18kg/hm2。
The application rate of hairgrass seed can choose 10kg/hm2、12kg/hm2、13kg/hm2、15kg/hm2、17kg/hm2、
18kg/hm2Or 20kg/hm2Deng application rate is both related with the geographical environment on degeneration meadow, and the complexity also formed with two kinds of herbages is raw
State system is related, wherein preferred range has 15~20kg/hm2, 15~18kg/hm2。
Preferably, the application rate of the Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed is 10~20kg/hm2, preferably 10~15kg/hm2,
More preferable 12~15kg/hm2。
The application rate of Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed is 10kg/hm2、12kg/hm2、13kg/hm2、15kg/hm2、17kg/
hm2、18kg/hm2Or 20kg/hm2Deng application rate is both related with the geographical environment on degeneration meadow, also answers with what two kinds of herbages were formed
The miscellaneous ecosystem is related, wherein preferred range has 10~15kg/hm2Or 12~15kg/hm2。
Preferably, the high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow is: primary high and cold Marsh Wetland cover degree≤10%, green forage yield
300kg/hm2Hereinafter, it is poisoned, weeds class accounts for 60%~80%, content of organic matter 100g/kg hereinafter, soil horizon thickness >=
20cm。
Hairgrass and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass are extremely important to the adaptability of environment, and the present invention adapts to conventional criteria limit in principle
Fixed high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow, the meadow of following characteristics preferably: primary high and cold Marsh Wetland cover degree≤10%, fresh grass
Yield 300kg/hm2Hereinafter, it is poisoned, weeds class accounts for 60%~80%, content of organic matter 100g/kg hereinafter, soil horizon thickness >=
20cm；And recovery effects are more significant when meadow wholly or substantially loses ecology and grazing utilization function.
Preferably, the seedtime is the first tenday period of a month in May to early June, preferably depth of planting 0.5cm~1cm.
Preferably, apply base manure before the sowing, the base manure is chemical fertilizer or cattle and sheep excrement.
When applying the chemical fertilizer, the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is 30kg/hm2~60kg/hm2, the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is 60kg/hm2~
120kg/hm2, N/P ratio is 1 ﹕ 2~3.
The applied amount of the cattle and sheep excrement is 22500kg/hm2~30000kg/hm2。
Preferably, the method for the field management are as follows: prohibit in the Growing season of First Year after planting and annual period of seedling establishment
It herds, every year or next year in herbage tiller to jointing stage Nitrogen Top Dressing from third year after planting.
Tiller to the jointing stage is usually late June~early July.
Preferably, when the Nitrogen Top Dressing is annual carries out, applied amount 50kg/hm2More than；
The Nitrogen Top Dressing is applied amount 100kg/hm when next year carrying out2More than.
Preferably, during the recovery, Grazing grassland can also be utilized: the Growing season of the First Year after planting
It is herded with annual period of seedling establishment taboo, Productivity, which rises, carries out grazing utilization, and warm season grazing time is on late June to October
Ten days, the forage grass utilization rate that warm season is herded are controlled 40%~60%.Cold season grazing time in early April in late November to next year,
The forage grass utilization rate that cold season is herded is controlled 70%~90%.
Preferably, the high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow is height above sea level on the meadow of 3500m~4200m, and average annual temperature is 0
DEG C hereinafter, the gradient≤20 degree.
To sum up, compared with prior art, invention achieves following technical effects:
(1) restoration methods have because of ground the locality for being suitable for, it is good it is ecological, take into account and herd with property, combinations of mixed, machinery
The features such as change, has unique advantage compared to traditional restoration methods；
(2) recovery effects are good, plant second year, and two kinds of herbage height can reach 60cm or more, the cover degree of crop community
Reach 82% or more in addition some areas can reach 97% or more, and can mechanization production grass seed, development potentiality is huge
Greatly.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art be briefly described, it should be apparent that, it is described below
Attached drawing is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the situation on the spot before restoration of degraded grassland provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is method provided by the invention to the situation on the spot after restoration of degraded grassland；
Fig. 3 is the hairgrass herbage that the present invention harvests；
Fig. 4 is the Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass herbage that the present invention harvests.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but
Be it will be understood to those of skill in the art that it is following described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than it is whole
Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ability
Domain those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to guarantor of the present invention
The range of shield.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Agents useful for same
Or production firm person is not specified in instrument, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
Embodiment 1
The Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland for pulling out 3750 meters to Qinghai Province, Zhenghai great Wu, Forage Land In Guoluo Prefecture Maqin County carries out improvement recovery:
1, the selection of herbage variety
Selection is suitable for the hairgrass of high and cold Marsh Wetland growth and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass carries out mixed seeding.
2, process is sowed
Kill mouse and control → turning over → apply fertilizer → harrow and grind → broadcast sowing (drilling) → earthing → suppression.
Hairgrass application rate is 15kg/hm2, the application rate of Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass is 15kg/hm2, by 1:1 mixed seeding.It broadcasts
The kind phase is the first tenday period of a month in May~early June, and depth of planting is 0.5cm~1cm.
Fertilising before sowing is following chemical fertilizer: the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is 50kg/hm2, the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is 100kg/hm2, nitrogen
Phosphorus ratio is 1 ﹕ 2.
3, the field management of artificial vegetation
After artificial vegetation's planting, it should be managed and protected in time using fence；The Growing season of artificial vegetation's planting the 1st year is returned with annual
Green phase (late May), which is prohibited, herds；It can not apply fertilizer after being built up using ecological recovery as the high and cold Marsh Wetland artificial vegetation of target, to herd
With the high and cold Marsh Wetland artificial vegetation for target, in herbage tiller to jointing stage, (6 below the moon every year from the 3rd year after planting
Ten days to early July) Nitrogen Top Dressing 1 time, the dosage imposed every year is 50kg/hm2；To herd with the high and cold Marsh Wetland people for target
Work vegetation will carry out in time malicious weeds from the 4th year and meadow bandicoot is prevented and kill off.
4, the grazing utilization of artificial vegetation
The Growing season of artificial vegetation's planting the 1st year and annual period of seedling establishment are required to prohibit and be herded, and Productivity rises and can be fitted
Spend grazing utilization, warm season grazing time should late June to early October, forage grass utilization rate should control 40%~60% it
Between.Cold season grazing time should should control between 70%~90% in early April in late November to next year, forage grass utilization rate.
5, the scope of examination and time
Planting density and the uniformity are checked when sowing, are measured emergence rate after full stand, are measured wintering rate when turning green within the 2nd year.Often
Year measures meadow in the yield of mid or late August measurement grazing ground, the structure of community of investigation grazing ground and species composition, cut issue
Yield, investigation cradle structure of community and the species composition on ground.
Inspection method:
With accidental sampling measurement grassland yield, investigation structure of community and species composition.It surveys and produces, investigates Grassland Communities structure
And the sample prescription of 1m × 1m, 5 repetitions are used in species composition.
Check criteria:
It is required that emergence is uniformly neat, density is greater than 4000000 plants/hm2；The vegetation cover degree of planting First Year mid-August is big
It is greater than 80% after 50%, the 2nd year, species diversity increases, and group tends towards stability.
Embodiment 2
Improvement recovery is carried out to 3700 meters of Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland of Yushu cajaput city, Qinghai Province Batang township height above sea level:
1, the selection of herbage variety
Selection is suitable for the hairgrass of high and cold Marsh Wetland growth and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass carries out mixed seeding.
2, process is sowed
Kill mouse and control → turning over → apply fertilizer → harrow and grind → broadcast sowing (drilling) → earthing → suppression.
Hairgrass application rate is 18kg/hm2, the application rate of Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass is 12kg/hm2, by 1:1 mixed seeding.It broadcasts
The kind phase is the first tenday period of a month in May~early June, and depth of planting is 0.5cm~1cm.
Fertilising before sowing is following chemical fertilizer: the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is 30kg/hm2, the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is 60kg/hm2, nitrogen
Phosphorus ratio is 1 ﹕ 2.
3, the field management of artificial vegetation
After artificial vegetation's planting, it should be managed and protected in time using fence；The Growing season of artificial vegetation's planting the 1st year is returned with annual
Green phase (late May), which is prohibited, herds；It can not apply fertilizer after being built up using ecological recovery as the high and cold Marsh Wetland artificial vegetation of target, to herd
With the high and cold Marsh Wetland artificial vegetation for target, in herbage tiller to jointing stage, (6 below the moon every year from the 3rd year after planting
Ten days to early July) Nitrogen Top Dressing 1 time, the dosage imposed every year is 50kg/hm2；To herd with the high and cold Marsh Wetland people for target
Work vegetation will carry out in time malicious weeds from the 4th year and meadow bandicoot is prevented and kill off.
4, the grazing utilization of artificial vegetation
The Growing season of artificial vegetation's planting the 1st year and annual period of seedling establishment are required to prohibit and be herded, and Productivity rises and can be fitted
Spend grazing utilization, warm season grazing time should late June to early October, forage grass utilization rate should control 40%~60% it
Between.Cold season grazing time should should control between 70%~90% in early April in late November to next year, forage grass utilization rate.
5, the scope of examination and time
Planting density and the uniformity are checked when sowing, are measured emergence rate after full stand, are measured wintering rate when turning green within the 2nd year.Often
Year measures meadow in the yield of mid or late August measurement grazing ground, the structure of community of investigation grazing ground and species composition, cut issue
Yield, investigation cradle structure of community and the species composition on ground.
Inspection method:
With accidental sampling measurement grassland yield, investigation structure of community and species composition.It surveys and produces, investigates Grassland Communities structure
And the sample prescription of 1m × 1m, 5 repetitions are used in species composition.
Check criteria:
It is required that emergence is uniformly neat, density is greater than 4000000 plants/hm2；The vegetation cover degree of planting First Year mid-August is big
It is greater than 80% after 50%, the 2nd year, species diversity increases, and group tends towards stability.
Embodiment 3
The Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland for pulling out 3760 meters to Haibei Prefecture Qilian County Moeller Zhenghai carries out improvement recovery:
1, the selection of herbage variety
Selection is suitable for the hairgrass of high and cold Marsh Wetland growth and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass carries out mixed seeding.
2, process is sowed
Kill mouse and control → turning over → apply fertilizer → harrow and grind → broadcast sowing (drilling) → earthing → suppression.
Hairgrass application rate is 15kg/hm2, the application rate of Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass is 15kg/hm2, by 1:1 mixed seeding.It broadcasts
The kind phase is the first tenday period of a month in May~early June, and depth of planting is 0.5cm~1cm.
Fertilising before sowing is following chemical fertilizer: the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is 60kg/hm2, the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is 120kg/hm2, nitrogen
Phosphorus ratio is 1 ﹕ 2.
3, the field management of artificial vegetation
After artificial vegetation's planting, it should be managed and protected in time using fence；The Growing season of artificial vegetation's planting the 1st year is returned with annual
Green phase (late May), which is prohibited, herds；It can not apply fertilizer after being built up using ecological recovery as the high and cold Marsh Wetland artificial vegetation of target, to herd
With the high and cold Marsh Wetland artificial vegetation for target, in herbage tiller to jointing stage, (6 below the moon every year from the 3rd year after planting
Ten days to early July) Nitrogen Top Dressing 1 time, the dosage imposed every year is 50kg/hm2；To herd with the high and cold Marsh Wetland people for target
Work vegetation will carry out in time malicious weeds from the 4th year and meadow bandicoot is prevented and kill off.
4, the grazing utilization of artificial vegetation
The Growing season of artificial vegetation's planting the 1st year and annual period of seedling establishment are required to prohibit and be herded, and Productivity rises and can be fitted
Spend grazing utilization, warm season grazing time should late June to early October, forage grass utilization rate should control 40%~60% it
Between.Cold season grazing time should should control between 70%~90% in early April in late November to next year, forage grass utilization rate.
5, the scope of examination and time
Planting density and the uniformity are checked when sowing, are measured emergence rate after full stand, are measured wintering rate when turning green within the 2nd year.Often
Year measures meadow in the yield of mid or late August measurement grazing ground, the structure of community of investigation grazing ground and species composition, cut issue
Yield, investigation cradle structure of community and the species composition on ground.
Inspection method:
With accidental sampling measurement grassland yield, investigation structure of community and species composition.It surveys and produces, investigates Grassland Communities structure
And the sample prescription of 1m × 1m, 5 repetitions are used in species composition.
Check criteria:
It is required that emergence is uniformly neat, density is greater than 4000000 plants/hm2；The vegetation cover degree of planting First Year mid-August is big
It is greater than 80% after 50%, the 2nd year, species diversity increases, and group tends towards stability.
The recovery situation of above embodiments 1 to 3 is respectively as shown in table 1 to 3.
The recovery situation of 1 embodiment 1 of table
| The planting time limit | Height (㎝) | Cover degree (%) | Aboveground phylomass (fresh weight) (g/ ㎡) |
| First Year | 20.0 | 75.0 | 230.5 |
| Second year | 65.5 | 95.8 | 1837.5 |
| Third year | 78.4 | 98.5 | 2243.8 |
The recovery situation of 2 embodiment 2 of table
| The planting time limit | Height (㎝) | Cover degree (%) | Aboveground phylomass (fresh weight) (g/ ㎡) |
| First Year | 28.0 | 80.0 | 295.6 |
| Second year | 87.9 | 97.5 | 2428.9 |
| Third year | 90.7 | 99.5 | 2923.4 |
The recovery situation of 3 embodiment 3 of table
| The planting time limit | Height (㎝) | Cover degree (%) | Aboveground phylomass (fresh weight) (g/ ㎡) |
| First Year | 15.0 | 60.0 | 183.8 |
| Second year | 62.5 | 82.4 | 1627.6 |
| Third year | 72.1 | 96.5 | 2015.9 |
Measuring method in all of above table are as follows: in the annual vigorous period of herbage (mid-August), measure Mixture effect
Height, cover degree and aboveground phylomass (fresh weight).
Above table illustrates: the hairgrass and blueness of the high and cold Marsh Wetland Degenerated of different latitude difference planting on the ground in Qinghai Province
Extra large English grass mixed seeding artificial vegetation, height, cover degree and the aboveground phylomass of group are significantly higher than Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland,
And with the increase of the planting time limit, height, cover degree and the aboveground phylomass of artificial community show the trend increased, group
Stability enhancing, water conservation ability are promoted, and good ecology, social and economic benefit are generally achieved, by
Consistent favorable comment.Photo on the spot before the restoration of degraded grassland that Fig. 1 chooses for embodiment 1, Fig. 2 are that embodiment 1 is sowed the 2nd year
Photo on the spot, Fig. 3 is the hairgrass applied example 1 and sow the 2nd year harvest, Fig. 4 be apply example 1 sow the 2nd year harvest Qinghai Grassland it is early
Ripe standing grain.
In addition, the present invention also compares two kinds of grazing hybrid sowings and recovery situation when unicast, it is found that the 0- on meadow after unicast
Mixed seeding soil moisture content of the 20cm soil moisture content well below above embodiments, but mixed seeding and unicast 0-20cm soil moisture content
It is all remarkably higher than control (Degraded Alpine Marsh Wetland), the results are shown in Table shown in 4.
4 0-20cm soil moisture content (%) of table
Note: " soil moisture content " refers to sowing second year in herbage vigorous period (mid-August), the 0- of measurement in table
20cm soil moisture content." unicast " only individually sows hairgrass, and sowing condition is identical with the mixed seeding of corresponding embodiment.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
In high and cold Marsh Wetland Degenerated ground, mixed seeding hairgrass seed and Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed carry out field later
Between manage；Wherein, the weight ratio of the hairgrass seed and the Qinghai Grassland annual bluegrass seed be 1~3:1~3, preferably 1~2:
1~2.
2. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hairgrass kind
The application rate of son is 10~20kg/hm2, preferably 15~20kg/hm2, more preferable 15~18kg/hm2。
3. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the blueness
The application rate of extra large English grass seed is 10~20kg/hm2, preferably 10~15kg/hm2, more preferable 12~15kg/hm2。
4. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high and cold natural pond
Damp wetlands degradation meadow is: primary high and cold Marsh Wetland cover degree≤10%, green forage yield 300kg/hm2The weeds hereinafter, it is poisoned
Class accounts for 60%~80%, and content of organic matter 100g/kg is hereinafter, soil horizon thickness >=20cm.
5. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when the sowing
Phase is the first tenday period of a month in May to early June, preferably depth of planting 0.5cm~1cm.
6. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the sowing
Apply base manure before, the base manure is chemical fertilizer or cattle and sheep excrement；
When applying the chemical fertilizer, the amount of application of nitrogenous fertilizer is 30kg/hm2~60kg/hm2, the dosage of phosphate fertilizer is 60kg/hm2~
120kg/hm2, N/P ratio is 1 ﹕ 2~3；
The applied amount of the cattle and sheep excrement is 22500kg/hm2~30000kg/hm2。
7. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the field pipe
The method of reason are as follows: it is herded in the Growing season of First Year after planting and annual period of seedling establishment taboo, it is annual from third year after planting
Or next year in herbage tiller to jointing stage Nitrogen Top Dressing.
8. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described to impose nitrogen
When fertilizer is carries out every year, applied amount 50kg/hm2More than；
The Nitrogen Top Dressing is applied amount 100kg/hm when next year carrying out2More than.
9. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the recovery
Period can also utilize Grazing grassland: the Growing season of the First Year after planting and annual period of seedling establishment taboo are herded, growth regulation
Carry out grazing utilization from 2 years, and warm season grazing time is in late June to early October, the forage grass utilization rate control that warm season is herded
System is 40%~60%；In early April in late November to next year, the forage grass utilization rate control that cold season is herded exists cold season grazing time
70%~90%.
10. the restoration methods on high and cold Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described high and cold
Marsh Wetland degeneration meadow is height above sea level on the meadow of 3500m~4200m, and average annual temperature is at 0 DEG C hereinafter, the gradient≤20 degree.
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