CN109578450A - 旋转驱动力传递机构 - Google Patents

旋转驱动力传递机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109578450A
CN109578450A CN201811094123.0A CN201811094123A CN109578450A CN 109578450 A CN109578450 A CN 109578450A CN 201811094123 A CN201811094123 A CN 201811094123A CN 109578450 A CN109578450 A CN 109578450A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
axis
axle portion
driving force
transmission mechanism
force transmission
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Granted
Application number
CN201811094123.0A
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English (en)
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CN109578450B (zh
Inventor
上川满
榊原泰辅
须藤纯
须藤纯一
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Publication of CN109578450B publication Critical patent/CN109578450B/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/064—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable
    • F16D1/068—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end non-disconnectable involving gluing, welding or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/565—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits involving interference fits, e.g. force-fits or press-fits
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
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    • B29C66/223—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being in the form of a triangle wave or of a sawtooth wave, e.g. zigzagged
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
    • F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
    • F16C3/026—Shafts made of fibre reinforced resin
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • F16D1/06—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end
    • F16D1/08—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key
    • F16D1/0852—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft
    • F16D1/0858—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end with clamping hub; with hub and longitudinal key with radial clamping between the mating surfaces of the hub and shaft due to the elasticity of the hub (including shrink fits)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22303—Details of ball cages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22309—Details of grooves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D2003/22313—Details of the inner part of the core or means for attachment of the core on the shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints

Abstract

旋转驱动力传递机构(10)具有纤维增强塑料制的圆筒形的轴(16)和第1等速万向节(12)。轴(16)通过安装于轴(16)的轴向上的一端部的金属制的介设部件(18)与第1等速万向节(12)接合。介设部件(18)具有轴部(60)和主体部(62)。轴部(60)从顶端(60a)侧插入轴(16)的一端部中。主体部(62)是由与轴部(60)的基端(60b)侧接合的底部(72)和外嵌于轴(16)的一端部的筒形部(30)构成的有底筒形。第1等速万向节(12)具有外嵌于介设部件(18)的筒形部(30)的内环(24)。

Description

旋转驱动力传递机构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有纤维增强塑料(fiber-reinforced plastic)制的圆筒形的轴(shaft)和等速万向节(constant-velocity joint)的旋转驱动力传递机构。
背景技术
例如，在发动机或电动驱动式的车辆中，经由配设在减速装置与驱动车轮之间等的旋转驱动力传递机构，从发动机或电动机向驱动车轮传递动力(旋转扭矩)。该旋转驱动力传递机构一般具有隔开间隔配置在轴向的两个位置的等速万向节和连结该等速万向节彼此来传递扭矩的轴。即，为了良好地传递上述扭矩，需要由扭转强度和疲劳强度优异的材料来构成轴。这样的轴的材料一般使用通过高频淬火提升了硬度的碳钢等。
另外，近年来，为了实现低耗油化等而正在尝试汽车的轻量化。从该观点出发，在对轴实现轻量化的情况下，在能够保持足够的扭转强度和疲劳强度的范围内，进行小径化或设置所谓的减重部等。然而，据此能够削减的重量存在极限。
因此，为了有效地使轴轻量化，例如能够列举使用比碳钢轻量的纤维增强塑料(FRP)作为轴的材料。在该情况下，需要使轴的两端部是能安装等速万向节的形状，存在如果为FRP制则不能获得足够的加工精度的担忧。另一方面，轴的中央部的与上述那样的形状有关的制约少。因此，考虑由碳钢等金属部件构成轴的两端部，由FRP部件构成中央部。为了得到这样的驱动轴需要使金属部件和FRP部件接合。
一般而言，作为使金属部件和FRP部件牢固地接合的方法，已知有铆接等机械接合。另外，例如，日本发明专利公开公报特开平5-215119号提出了以下方法：为了制造传动轴，通过粘结剂使圆筒形的金属部件和FRP部件的端部彼此接合。
发明内容
如上所述，在使金属部件和FRP部件机械接合的方法中，为了穿插铆钉等而需要在金属部件和FRP部件上穿孔，因此，有时FRP部件中的增强纤维产生损伤部位或切断部位。在该情况下，FRP部件的强度降低，因此，担忧无法获得足够的扭转强度和疲劳强度。另外，零部件数量的增加、和由于零部件数量增加造成的重量的增加不可避免。并且，为了能穿插铆钉，需要增厚金属部件和FRP部件，也会增加该增厚的部分的重量。
在如日本发明专利公开公报特开平5-215119号所记载的接合方法那样，仅使用粘结剂的接合中，金属部件和FRP部件的接合强度容易不足。因此，通过这样的接合方法，难以获得具有足够的扭转强度和疲劳强度的驱动轴。
本发明的主要目的在于，提供一种具有足够的扭转强度和疲劳强度，且有效实现轻量化的旋转驱动力传递机构。
根据本发明一实施方式，提供一种旋转驱动力传递机构，该旋转驱动力传递机构具有纤维增强塑料制的圆筒形的轴和等速万向节，所述轴通过安装于该轴的轴向上的至少一端部的金属制的介设部件而与所述等速万向节接合，所述介设部件具有轴部和有底筒形的主体部，其中:所述轴部从顶端侧插入所述轴的所述一端部中；所述有底筒形的主体部由底部和筒形部构成，所述底部与所述轴部的基端侧接合，所述筒形部外嵌于所述轴的所述一端部，所述等速万向节具有环形部，该环形部外嵌于所述介设部件的所述筒形部。
该旋转驱动力传递机构具有比金属轻量的纤维增强塑料(FRP)制的轴，因此，与具有金属制的轴的情况相比较，能够有效实现轻量化。
另外，在轴的轴向上的至少一端部(以下，还简称为端部)安装有介设部件。等速万向节的环形部外嵌于该介设部件的筒形部，据此通过介设部件使轴和等速万向节接合。介设部件是加工性优良的金属制，因此，能够容易且高精度地加工筒形部，使其成为能够与环形部牢固接合的形状。
并且，在该情况下，例如，能够使用使等速万向节与金属制的实心的轴接合的现有的设备等，使等速万向节与介设部件的筒形部接合。因此，也能够抑制用于获得旋转驱动力传递机构的设备成本。
并且，FRP制的轴和金属制的介设部件也能够牢固地接合。如上所述，介设部件的轴部插入轴的内部，且介设部件的筒形部外嵌于轴上。即，能够由轴部和筒形部从轴的径向上的内侧和外侧这两侧将轴夹紧。据此，能够使轴和介设部件牢固地接合。另外，在该筒形部套设有等速万向节的环形部，因此，能够良好地保持将轴夹紧在筒形部和轴部之间的状态。
其结果，能够使轴与介设部件的接合强度比例如仅使用粘结剂的接合强度大幅度地提高。另外，与机械接合不同，能够避免轴的增强纤维产生损伤部位或切断部位，并且能够避免铆钉等的重量增加、轴和介设部件变厚。
据此，根据该旋转驱动力传递机构，能够一边保持足够用于传递扭矩的大小的扭转强度和疲劳强度，一边有效实现轻量化。
在上述旋转驱动力传递机构中，优选为,在所述轴部的外周，通过在该轴部的周向上隔开间隔而设置多个沿该轴部的轴向延伸的突条，在该周向上交替配设山部和谷部，在所述轴部上，所述山部的外径比所述轴的内径大，所述谷部的外径比所述轴的内径小。在该情况下，山部从轴的内周面朝向外周侧进入轴，因此能够使轴和轴部更牢固地接合。
在上述旋转驱动力传递机构中，优选为，在所述轴部的外周面与所述轴的内周面之间设置有粘结剂层。在该情况下，能够通过粘结剂层使轴和轴部更牢固地接合。
在上述旋转驱动力传递机构中，优选为，在所述轴的外周面与所述筒形部的内周面之间设置有粘结剂层。在该情况下，能够通过粘结剂层使轴和筒形部更牢固地接合。
在上述旋转驱动力传递机构中，优选为，在所述筒形部的外周和所述环形部的内周形成有相互嵌合的锯齿(serration)。在该情况下，能够使筒形部和环形部进行锯齿嵌合而更牢固地接合。
在上述旋转驱动力传递机构中，优选为，所述筒形部被压入所述环形部中。在该情况下，能够通过环形部更良好地保持将筒形部向轴推压的状态。其结果，能够在筒形部与轴部之间将轴更牢固地夹紧，能够稳定提高环形部与筒形部的接合强度、和筒形部与轴部的接合强度。
在上述旋转驱动力传递机构中，优选为，所述筒形部的开口部侧的厚度比所述底部侧的厚度厚。在该情况下，能够增大从插入环形部内的筒形部的开口部侧施加给轴的推压力。另一方面，由于筒形部的底部侧的厚度比开口部侧薄，因此能够易于插入环形部内。因此，能够不损害旋转驱动力传递机构的组装性而通过介设部件良好地提高等速万向节与轴的接合强度。
根据参照附图对以下实施方式进行的说明，上述的目的、特征和优点应易于被理解。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施方式所涉及的旋转驱动力传递机构的主要部分的概略剖视图。
图2是介设部件和轴的与轴向正交的主要部分的剖视图。
图3是图2的突条和轴的主要部分的放大图。
图4是沿介设部件的轴向的剖视图。
具体实施方式
列举优选的实施方式且参照附图对本发明所涉及的旋转驱动力传递机构详细地进行说明。
如图1所示，本实施方式所涉及的旋转驱动力传递机构10具有第1等速万向节12、第2等速万向节14、轴16、安装于该轴16的轴向上的一端侧(图1的箭头X1侧)的端部的介设部件18、和安装于另一端侧(图1的箭头X2侧)的端部的介设部件20。另外，介设部件18和介设部件20除了被安装于轴16的一端部或被安装于另一端部之外，能够彼此大致同样地构成。因此，对这些介设部件18、20的彼此对应的结构要素标注相同的参照标记，共同地进行说明。
第1等速万向节12是介设于外侧(outboard side)、即轴16的一端侧与轮毂(未图示)之间的伯菲尔德型，基本上由外杯(outer cup)22、内环(inner ring)24(环形部)和球26构成。外杯22具有杯形部，与轮毂一体连结。在外杯22的由球面构成的内表面上，例如形成有6条第1球槽22a，这6条第1球槽22a沿轴向延伸且环绕轴心分别隔开等间隔。
内环24是以与上述第1球槽22a对应的方式，在外周壁上设有多个第2球槽24a的圆环形，且被收装在外杯22的内部。另外，内环24在形成于其中心的孔部28的内周设置有锯齿34，该锯齿34如后述那样与设置于介设部件18的筒形部30的外周的锯齿32嵌合。
球26以能够一个一个地滚动的方式分别配设在相互相向的第1球槽22a与第2球槽24a之间，且被在外杯22的内表面与内环24的外表面之间介设的保持器40保持。该球26分别与第1球槽22a和第2球槽24a接触，据此在外杯22与内环24之间进行扭矩传递。
在外杯22与轴16之间，安装具有波纹管部的橡胶制或树脂制的接头用防护罩(boot joint)(未图示)，在该接头用防护罩内密封装入润滑脂组成物作为润滑材料。
第2等速万向节14是介设于内侧(inboard side)、即轴16的另一端侧与差速齿轮(未图示)之间的三叉式，基本上由外座圈部件42、三销架(spider)44(环形部)和辊46构成。
外座圈部件42具有杯形部，与差速齿轮一体连结。在外座圈部件42的内表面，环绕轴心分别隔开等间隔而形成有例如3条轨道槽(track groove)42a。
三销架44具有圆环部50和从该圆环部50的外周壁突出的多个耳轴(trunnion)52。以该耳轴52被分别收装在轨道槽42a内的方式，将三销架44插入外座圈部件42内。另外，圆环部50在形成于其中心的孔部54的内周设置有锯齿56，该锯齿56如后述那样与设置于介设部件20的筒形部30的外周的锯齿32嵌合。
辊46是通过多根滚动体58，以自如旋转的方式套装在耳轴52上的圆环形，其与轨道槽42a的内壁滑动接触。即，辊46的内周壁与耳轴52的外壁接触，且辊46的外周壁与轨道槽42a的内壁接触，据此，经由辊46在外座圈部件42与三销架44之间进行扭矩传递。另外，滚动体58例如可以是包括滚针、滚柱等的滚动轴承。
在外座圈部件42与轴16之间也安装有与上述接头用防护罩同样的接头用防护罩(未图示)。
轴16在如上所述安装于一端部的介设部件18上套设有第1等速万向节12的内环24，在安装于另一端部的介设部件20上套设有第2等速万向节14的三销架44。因此，例如，从外座圈部件42传递到三销架44的扭矩经由介设部件20、轴16和介设部件18从内环24传递给外杯22。即，一体化的轴16和介设部件18、20连结第1等速万向节12和第2等速万向节14来传递扭矩。
轴16是纤维增强塑料(FRP)制的圆筒形，例如通过层叠多张使基体树脂(matrixresin)含浸在增强纤维中得到的预浸片材(prepreg sheet)(均未图示)而形成。作为该情况下的一例，能够列举层叠40～50张预浸片材，使轴16的厚度为5mm左右。优选为，轴16以拉伸弹性模量在230GPa以上，拉伸强度在3500MPa以上的方式形成。
增强纤维和基体树脂的种类没有特别地限定，从使轴16轻量化和高强度化的观点出发，优选为使用碳纤维作为增强纤维。即，优选为，纤维增强塑料是碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)。另外，基体树脂也可以是热可塑性树脂和热硬化性树脂中的任一种。
下面，对于介设部件18、20的具体的结构，进行介设部件18的说明，省略介设部件20的说明。如图1所示，介设部件18具有从顶端60a侧插入轴16的内部(中空内)的轴部60和有底筒形的主体部62。优选为，在设轴部60相对于轴16的插入长度为L，设轴16的内径为d的情况下，这些部件之间1.25d≦L≦2.00d的关系成立。据此，能够适宜地实现提高轴部60与轴16的接合强度、和抑制轴部60的重量增加的均衡等。
如图2和图3所示，在轴部60的外周，在该轴部60的周向上隔开间隔而设置有多个沿该轴部60的轴向延伸的突条64。据此，在轴部60的周向上交替配设山部66和谷部68。在本实施方式中，与突条64的轴向正交的截面成为大致三角形状。
在轴部60，设定为山部66的外径比轴16的内径d大，谷部68的外径比轴16的内径d小。据此，山部66从轴16的内周面朝向外周侧进入该轴16的壁内，因此，能够使轴部60和轴16牢固地接合。另外，优选为，使粘结剂层70介设于轴部60的外周面与轴16的内周面之间。据此，能够提高轴部60与轴16的接合强度。
在此，优选为，插入轴部60之前的轴16的内径d位于图3中单点划线A所示的位置。当将轴部60插入该轴16时，伴随着山部66的顶点侧进入轴16的壁内，轴16的壁部向谷部68移动，轴16和粘结剂层70填满该谷部68。当如上所述那样将轴部60插入轴16时，相当于山部66的突出高度2h的一半的高度h的顶点侧进入轴16的壁内。优选为，将该高度h设定为，相当于构成轴16的层叠的预浸片材的2～4张的量(例如，0.1～0.5mm)的厚度。据此，能够一边避免层叠的预浸片材的层间产生损伤，一边使山部66良好地进入轴16的壁内，良好地提高轴部60与轴16的接合强度。
轴部60的材料没有特别的限定，只要是金属即可，例如优选使用对JIS标准S50C等碳钢实施高频淬火等热处理得到的材料。在该情况下，优选为轴部60的表面硬度为洛氏硬度HRC在55以上，更优选为58～62。在该情况下，当将轴部60插入轴16时，能够易于使山部66进入该轴16的壁内，且能够有效地抑制上述热处理时发生尺寸变化。
如图1和图4所示，主体部62具有：底部72，其与轴部60的基端60b侧接合；筒形部30，其外嵌于轴16的一端部。底部72是直径比轴16的外径大的圆盘形。轴部60的基端60b例如使用未图示的螺钉等接合于该底部72的径向上的大致中心。另外，筒形部30从底部72的外周缘部朝向轴部60的顶端60a侧以与该轴部60同轴的方式延伸。因此，筒形部30的内周面与轴部60的外周面在径向上隔开间隔而配置，轴16被压入轴部60的外周面与筒形部30的内周面之间。优选为，在筒形部30的内周面与轴16之间设有粘结剂层74(参照图2)。据此，能使轴16和筒形部30更牢固地接合。
筒形部30被压入内环24的孔部28，据此，保持在被向轴16推压的状态。如图4所示，筒形部30形成为开口部76侧的厚度比底部72侧的厚度略厚。因此，尤其是在开口部76侧施加给轴16的推压力变大。另外，如上所述，在筒形部30的外周形成有与孔部28的锯齿34嵌合的锯齿32。
主体部62的材料没有特别的限定，只要是金属即可，例如优选使用对JIS标准SCr420等表面硬化钢(case hardening steel)进行渗碳、淬火和回火(carbonitriding,quenching,and tempering)等热处理，使洛氏硬度HRC在55以上的材料。另外，在主体部62，通过对锯齿32部分进行高频淬火来使洛氏硬度HRC在55～65的范围内，更优选为在55～62的范围内。据此，能够通过孔部28的锯齿34与筒形部30的锯齿32的锯齿嵌合来使内环24和介设部件18更牢固地接合。另外，上述轴部60也能够由与主体部62同样的材料构成。
本实施方式所涉及的旋转驱动力传递机构10基本上如以上那样构成。该旋转驱动力传递机构10具有比金属轻量的FRP制的轴16，因此，与具有金属制的轴(未图示)的情况相比较，能够有效实现轻量化。
另外，在轴16的轴向上的两端部分别安装有介设部件18、20。内环24外嵌于该介设部件18的筒形部30，据此通过介设部件18使轴16的一端部与第1等速万向节12接合。同样，三销架44外嵌于介设部件20的筒形部30，据此通过介设部件20使轴16的另一端部与第2等速万向节14接合。这些介设部件18、20是加工性优良的金属制，因此，能够容易且高精度地加工筒形部30，使其成为能够与内环24或三销架44牢固接合的形状。
并且，在该情况下，例如，能够使用接合金属制的实心的轴(未图示)、与内环24和三销架44的现有的设备等，使介设部件18、20的筒形部30、与内环24和三销架44分别接合。因此，能够降低用于获得旋转驱动力传递机构10的设备成本。
并且，FRP制的轴16和金属制的介设部件18、20也能够牢固地接合。如上所述，介设部件18、20的轴部60插入轴16的内部，且介设部件18、20的筒形部30外嵌于轴16上。即，能够由轴部60和筒形部30从轴16的径向上的内侧和外侧这两侧将轴16夹紧。并且，内环24或三销架44外嵌于该筒形部30，据此，该筒形部30保持在被向轴部60侧推压的状态。
其结果，能够使轴16与介设部件18、20的接合强度比例如仅使用粘结剂的接合强度大幅度提高。另外，与机械接合不同，能够避免轴16的增强纤维产生损伤部位或切断部位，并且能够避免铆钉(未图示)等的重量增加、轴16和介设部件18、20变厚。
因此，根据该旋转驱动力传递机构10，能够一边保持足够用于传递扭矩的大小的扭转强度和疲劳强度，一边有效实现轻量化。
另外，在该旋转驱动力传递机构10中，如上所述，由轴部60和筒形部30夹紧轴16，因此，例如从三销架44传递到轴16的扭矩经由轴部60和筒形部30双方传递给内环24。此时扭矩向轴部60和筒形部30的分配例如能够通过调节轴16的内径d、轴部60相对于轴16的插入长度L来任意地设定。这样一来，能够提高设计的自由度，因此能够提供一种按照所要求的标准的旋转驱动力传递机构10。
另外，筒形部30被压入孔部28、54，因此，尤其是能够保持开口部76侧被以大的推压力向轴16推压的状态，其中筒形部30的所述开口部76侧的厚度比底部72侧的厚度厚。据此，能够在筒形部30与轴部60之间将轴16更牢固地夹紧。其结果，能够稳定地提高内环24和三销架44与筒形部30的接合强度、和筒形部30与轴部60的接合强度。
如上所述，即使增大从筒形部30的开口部76侧施加给轴16的推压力，由于底部72侧比开口部76侧薄，因此，底部72侧也能够容易地插入孔部28、54内。因此，能够避免损伤旋转驱动力传递机构10的组装性。
在该旋转驱动力传递机构10中，介设部件18、20通过使轴部60和主体部62接合而形成。在该情况下，由于使轴部60和主体部62分别独立地形成，因此，例如能够采用塑性加工等以低成本获得有底形的主体部62。另外，例如，通过对棒状的原材料(未图示)进行滚压加工形成突条64之后，将其切割为规定的长度并实施上述热处理等，能够高效地获得轴部60。
另外，在本实施方式中，如上所述，介设部件18、20彼此大致同样地构成，因此，能够通过共同的设备和工序来形成该介设部件18，20。据此，能够提高旋转驱动力传递机构10的制造效率、降低制造成本。
另外，在为了得到旋转驱动力传递机构10而使介设部件18、20和轴16接合的情况下，优选为，在将轴部60例如冷却为-10～-20℃而使其收缩的状态下，将轴部60插入轴16。在该情况下，能够有效避免当介设部件18、20和轴16接合时，轴16的增强纤维产生损伤部位或切断部位。
本发明并不特别地限定于上述的实施方式，能够在没有脱离其要旨的范围内进行各种变形。
例如，在上述实施方式中，使介设部件18和介设部件20同样地构成。另外，设筒形部30的开口部76侧的厚度比底部72侧厚。然而，并不特别地限定于此，介设部件18、20的各结构要素能够分别独立地根据搭载旋转驱动力传递机构10的车辆等的规格而成为各种尺寸和形状。
在上述实施方式中，介设部件18、20通过使轴部60和主体部62接合而形成，但还能够通过使轴部60和主体部62一体成型来获得。
在上述实施方式所涉及的旋转驱动力传递机构10中，也可以在筒形部30的内周设置与设置于轴部60的突条64同样的突条(未图示)。在该情况下，能够进一步提高轴16与介设部件18、20的接合强度。

Claims (7)

1.一种旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，该旋转驱动力传递机构(10)具有纤维增强塑料制的圆筒形的轴(16)和等速万向节(12)，其特征在于，
所述轴(16)通过安装于该轴(16)的轴向上的至少一端部的金属制的介设部件(18)而与所述等速万向节(12)接合，
所述介设部件(18)具有轴部(60)和有底筒形的主体部(62)，其中：所述轴部(60)从顶端(60a)侧插入所述轴(16)的所述一端部中；所述有底筒形的主体部(62)由底部(72)和筒形部(30)构成，所述底部(72)与所述轴部(60)的基端(60b)侧接合，所述筒形部(30)外嵌于所述轴(16)的所述一端部，
所述等速万向节(12)具有环形部(24)，该环形部(24)外嵌于所述介设部件(18)的所述筒形部(30)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，其特征在于，
在所述轴部(60)的外周，通过在该轴部(60)的周向上隔开间隔而设置多个沿该轴部(60)的轴向延伸的突条(64)，在该周向上交替配设山部(66)和谷部(68)，
在所述轴部(60)上，所述山部(66)的外径比所述轴(16)的内径大，所述谷部(68)的外径比所述轴(16)的内径(d)小。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，其特征在于，
在所述轴部(60)的外周面与所述轴(16)的内周面之间设置有粘结剂层(70)。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，其特征在于，
在所述轴(16)的外周面与所述筒形部(30)的内周面之间设置有粘结剂层(74)。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，其特征在于，
在所述筒形部(30)的外周和所述环形部(24)的内周形成有相互嵌合的锯齿(32、34)。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，其特征在于，
所述筒形部(30)被压入所述环形部(24)中。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的旋转驱动力传递机构(10)，其特征在于，
所述筒形部(30)的开口部(76)侧的厚度比所述底部(72)侧的厚度厚。
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