CN109576391A - 鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的特征性核苷酸序列、核酸分子引物和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的特征性核苷酸序列、核酸分子引物和方法。该特征性核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。该核酸分子引物AFu‑18F:5’‑CTATCTATTAAACTTTCCATG‑3’和AFu‑18R:5’‑TTACTATATCTGAGTCAGCAC‑3’。利用本发明的核酸分子引物AFu‑18F和AFu‑18R进行PCR扩增,仅灰花纹鹅膏能够扩增获得该特征性核苷酸序列,而其他样品没有扩增到任何片段,这表明本发明的核酸分子引物AFu‑18F和AFu‑18R具有很好的专一性,可以用于快速的鉴别灰花纹鹅膏(子实体)。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于利用分子生物学方法鉴别毒蘑菇的技术领域,具体涉及鉴别灰花纹鹅膏(Amanita fuliginea Hongo)的特征性核苷酸序列、核酸分子引物和方法。
背景技术:
鹅膏属(Amanita)隶属于真菌界(Fungi)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)、伞菌纲(Agaricomycetes)、蘑菇目(Agaricales)、鹅膏科(Amanitaceae)。鹅膏属是世界性分布的大属,目前已报道种类超过了500种(杨祝良,2015),其中含有不少使人致命的剧毒种类。据统计,90%以上的蘑菇中毒死亡事件都是由误食剧毒鹅膏引起的,目前我国已报道13种剧毒鹅膏(Cai et al,2016),其中灰花纹鹅膏是我国蘑菇中毒死亡的主要“杀手”,由此毒菌引起的中毒死亡人数占我国剧毒鹅膏中毒死亡总数的79%(Cui et al.,2018)。因此,建立快速、准确的鉴别方法,对于有效抢救误食灰花纹鹅膏中毒患者具有重要意义。
随着分子生物学技术的快速发展,基于核酸的快速检测技术已被广泛应用,如采用RAPD、RFLP和RT-PCR等技术对病原菌的检测。已有研究表明,剧毒鹅膏菌含有丰富的鹅膏毒肽及其相关环肽物质,这些环肽是由MSDIN基因家族编码而成(Hallen et al.,2007)。剧毒鹅膏中存在丰富多样的MSDIN基因家族成员,而且不同的剧毒鹅膏菌均有许多特异的肽类编码基因(贺勇等,2018)。
发明内容:
本发明的第一个目的是提供来源于灰花纹鹅膏(Amanita fuliginea Hongo)基因组DNA中特有环肽基因,用于鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的特征性核苷酸序列,其核苷酸序列如SEQ IDNO.1所示。
本发明的第二个目的是提供以灰花纹鹅膏基因组DNA中特有环肽基因为基础,设计用于鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的核酸分子引物,该核酸分子引物序列如下:
AFu-18F:5’-CTATCTATTAAACTTTCCATG-3’(如SEQ ID NO.2所示);
AFu-18R:5’-TTACTATATCTGAGTCAGCAC-3’(如SEQ ID NO.3所示)。
上述核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R,具有很好的特异性,能专一地扩增灰花纹鹅膏菌的特有基因。利用该引物通过PCR扩增可以快速的对灰花纹鹅膏(子实体)进行鉴别。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种灰花纹鹅膏快速鉴定试剂盒,包括上述核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R,以及常规的DNA提取试剂和常规的PCR反应试剂。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的方法,采用上述的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R作为PCR引物,以待测样品基因组DNA为模板,利用PCR方法鉴定待测样品是否为灰花纹鹅膏。具体是采用上述核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R作为特异性扩增引物,以待测样品基因组DNA为模板,经PCR扩增,电泳检测,可以直接获得清晰的灰花纹鹅膏特异性条带(大小为428bp),无需测序步骤,实现对灰花纹鹅膏的鉴别。
本发明基于鉴别灰花纹鹅膏特有的环肽基因,设计特异性的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R,并以该核酸分子引物为引物,以灰花纹鹅膏的基因组DNA为模板,按照常规PCR方法进行扩增,获得的DNA片段(灰花纹鹅膏的特征性核苷酸序列,如SEQ ID NO.1所示),经测序其具体序列长度为428bp(如图1)。利用本发明的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R进行PCR扩增,仅灰花纹鹅膏能够扩增获得该特异性片段,而其他样品没有扩增到任何片段(如图2),这表明本发明的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R具有很好的专一性,可以用于快速的鉴别灰花纹鹅膏(子实体)。
本发明首次基于本发明人获得的灰花纹鹅膏基因组数据,分析其肽类基因家族成员,并发现了其特有的肽类编码基因。本发明根据灰花纹鹅膏特有氨基酸序列MSDINATRLPHLFTWIPPCISDDSTLTRGER及其核心氨基酸序列HLFTWIPP设计特异性引物。因此,本发明人针对灰花纹鹅膏特有的肽类编码基因,设计特异性引物,优化PCR体系与条件,建立灰花纹鹅膏菌的快速检测技术,整个检测过程仅需4~6小时(包含DNA提取步骤)。
本发明采用PCR技术进行检测,材料用量少,仅20mg就足够,方法简单,特异性好,用时短,4~6h即可完成。
附图说明:
图1是本发明所述的鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的特征性核苷酸序列;
图2是利用本发明的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R作为引物按照常规的PCR方法对不同鹅膏样品进行PCR的产物的电泳图,其中1、灰花纹鹅膏,2、致命鹅膏、3、裂皮鹅膏、4、拟灰花纹鹅膏,5、中华鹅膏(外型与灰花纹鹅膏近似,可食用),M为2Kb的DNA分子量标准。
具体实施方式:
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明,而不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1:
灰花纹鹅膏及其近似种基因组DNA的提取
取灰花纹鹅膏、致命鹅膏、裂皮鹅膏、拟灰花纹鹅膏和中华鹅膏样品各20mg置于无菌的研钵中,将液氮倒入并快速研磨,加入2%(w/v)CTAB抽提缓冲液700μL,继续研磨几秒后倒入1.5mL微量离心管中,65℃水浴保温1h。向1.5mL含有样品的微量离心管中加入蛋白酶K,颠倒混匀2min,10000rpm离心15min,用200μL移液器将上清液转入新的离心管中,弃沉淀。上清液中加入5μL RNAase,室温静置15min,加入与之等体积的酚:氯仿:异戊醇(25:24:1),颠倒混匀8-10次,12000rpm离心10min,用200μL的微量移液器将含有DNA的上层(水相)小心地移入一只新管中,加入与DNA溶液(含盐溶液)0.75倍的异丙醇(-4℃预冷)轻轻混匀,于-4℃静置2h。12000rpm离心10min,弃上清液,用体积分数75%乙醇水溶液洗涤沉淀物两次。室温下自然晾干。自然干燥后加入50μL无菌的超纯水溶解DNA。
实施例2:灰花纹鹅膏及其近似种特异性引物的PCR扩增
根据灰花纹鹅膏的特有环肽编码基因序列设计特异性引物AFu-18F(5’-CTATCTATTAAACTTTCCATG-3’)和AFu-18R(5’-TTACTATATCTGAGTCAGCAC-3’),引物由上海生工生物工程有限公司合成。以基因组DNA为模板,反应体系为25μL总体积:Tks Gflex DNAPolymerase 0.8μL,Tks Gflex Buffer 12μL,引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R各1μL,模板DNA1μL,补无菌水至25μL。反应程序为94℃预热1min,98℃变性20sec,65℃退火20sec,68℃延伸25sec,8个循环;98℃变性20sec,58℃退火20sec,68℃延伸25sec,18个循环;94℃变性20sec,52℃退火20sec,68℃延伸30sec,18个循环;68℃5min,10℃保温。电泳检测PCR结果,电泳图如图2所示,从图2可以看出,仅灰花纹鹅膏能够扩增出特异性片段,而致命鹅膏、裂皮鹅膏、拟灰花纹鹅膏、中华鹅膏没有扩增出任何片段,这表明本发明的核酸分子引物具有极高的专一性,特异性好,因此可以用于快速的鉴别灰花纹鹅膏。将灰花纹鹅膏的特异性片段送去测序,片段长度为428bp(如SEQ ID NO.1所示,见图1)。
序列表
<110> 广东省微生物研究所(广东省微生物分析检测中心)
<120> 鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的特征性核苷酸序列、核酸分子引物和方法
<160> 3
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 428
<212> DNA
<213> 灰花纹鹅膏(Amanita fuliginea Hongo)
<400> 1
ctatctatta aactttccat gataacctta atctttgcga actgtaggtt aatgatccta 60
cgcgattcgc cccgaatctg atagtgtcgt gatggtttaa ttcgtcactc caaaggatca 120
aggtagttgg ttttggctgg gacagataaa aaggtgttgg gctgggcgta caatgcccag 180
ttccactccc agcttcaata ctcttaaccg ccatgtctga tatcaacgcc actcgtcttc 240
cccacctttt cacgtggatc ccgccgtgca tcagtgacga ttccaccctc actcgtggcg 300
agaggtgcgt acaataccat ttgcccagtg ttgtacactc atgtctctca cgttagtttt 360
tgctgaatcc gcggcccatt ggtcagggaa taatacaact ggcacgagtg ctgactcaga 420
tatagtaa 428
<210> 2
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 2
ctatctatta aactttccat g 21
<210> 3
<211> 21
<212> DNA
<213> 人工序列(Artificial Sequence)
<400> 3
ttactatatc tgagtcagca c 21
Claims (4)
1.一种用于鉴别灰花纹鹅膏(Amanita fuliginea Hongo)的特征性核苷酸序列,其特征在于,该特征性核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
2.一种用于鉴别灰花纹鹅膏(Amanita fuliginea Hongo)的核酸分子引物,其特征在于,该核酸分子引物包括:
AFu-18F:5’-CTATCTATTAAACTTTCCATG-3’;
AFu-18R:5’-TTACTATATCTGAGTCAGCAC-3’。
3.一种灰花纹鹅膏快速鉴定试剂盒,其特征在于,包括权利要求2所述的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R,以及常规的DNA提取试剂和常规的PCR反应试剂。
4.一种鉴别灰花纹鹅膏的方法,其特征在于,采用权利要求2所述的核酸分子引物AFu-18F和AFu-18R作为PCR引物,以待测样品基因组DNA为模板,利用PCR方法鉴定待测样品是否为灰花纹鹅膏。
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CN111575397A (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-08-25 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | 一种基于dna微条形码技术的有毒鹅膏菌物种鉴定方法及应用 |
CN113502343A (zh) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-10-15 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | 一种鉴别中华鹅膏菌的核酸分子引物、方法及试剂盒 |
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