CN109516886A - Permeable medium of a kind of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry and the preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Permeable medium of a kind of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry and the preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109516886A CN109516886A CN201811300213.0A CN201811300213A CN109516886A CN 109516886 A CN109516886 A CN 109516886A CN 201811300213 A CN201811300213 A CN 201811300213A CN 109516886 A CN109516886 A CN 109516886A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- biochemical
- soil improvement
- permeable medium
- decoction
- sponge urban
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses biochemical permeable media of a kind of sponge urban soil improvement and the preparation method and application thereof, and the dedicated medium includes the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste.The preparation method of the dedicated medium the following steps are included: S1, pretreatment of raw material: S01, the dregs of a decoction pretreatment: medicinal material is subjected to fermentation process using rear remaining residue；The pretreatment of S02, mud charcoal: being 25~35% by mud charcoal drying to water content；S2, mixing: the pretreated dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal and carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste will be carried out through aforesaid operations, and mixture in proportion to obtain the final product.The dielectric material has good water suction, water-holding capacity, and soil permeability is high, reduces rainwash, can be very good to avoid urban waterlogging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of environmental science, and in particular to a kind of biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement and
Preparation method and application.
Background technique
Sponge city is new generation of city storm water man- agement concept, also referred to as " water elasticity city ", international term
For " storm-water system building is developed in low influence ", water suction, water storage, infiltration and water purification when raining, by the water stored " release " when needing
And it is used.Therefore, the concept in " sponge city " is once the extensive approval and attention for proposing just to have obtained industry.Construct sponge
City system can not only be effectively protected the original ecosystem in city, but also original ecosystem being destroyed can be made to obtain well
Recovery, simultaneously for entire Urbanization Construction develop influence to environment drop to it is lower.
Sponge the idea of the city proposition in China's is later, and at present also in research initial stage, sponge city is situated between in the prior art
Matter is since clean-up effect and permeability rate are bad, so that it is still not satisfactory to the actual effect of enhancement of environment, also needs further to change
Into.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the infiltration for providing a kind of good purification and being able to ascend soil to water
Biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement of rate and the preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of sponge urban soil improvement is biochemical
Permeable medium, including the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or gardens are discarded
Object.
Further, the partial size of material is not more than 10mm, total hole in the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement
Gap rate is greater than 70%, and saturation water absorbent rate is 500~600%, and pH value is 6~7.5；Preferably, the pH value is 6.6~7；It is excellent
Selection of land, the saturation water absorbent rate are 550%.
Further, if so, the agricultural waste material includes rice husk and/or rice straw；If so, the gardens are discarded
Object includes plant waste branches and leaves.
Further, the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or
The volume ratio of garden waste is (0.5~2): (1~3): (0.5~1): (1~2): (1~5).
Preferably, the dregs of a decoction are the residue of woody medicinal plant；It is highly preferred that the dregs of a decoction be it is fermented after woody medicine
Material.
Preferably, the moisture content of the dregs of a decoction is 55~65%.
Preferably, the length in the dregs of a decoction is 0.5~1cm.
Further, the moisture content of the mud charcoal is 25~35%, more preferably 8~10%；It preferably, will be described
Mud charcoal uses after being ground into diameter≤3mm particle.
Further, the pH value of the carbonized rice husks is 6.5~7.7.
Further, the porosity of the coco bran is 80% or more.
Further, the pine bark is the pine bark of depth degreasing degradation, i.e., macerates through 3 years or more depositions or natural shape
Trunk is wooden rotten saturating in state；Preferably, the pine bark is to have started from table and inner the pine bark being ashed.
The invention also includes the preparation methods of the biochemical permeable medium of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement, comprising the following steps:
S1, pretreatment of raw material:
The pretreatment of S01, the dregs of a decoction: medicinal material is subjected to fermentation process using rear remaining residue；
The pretreatment of S02, mud charcoal: being 25~35%, preferably 8~10% by mud charcoal drying to water content；
S2, mixing: the pretreated dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, ox will be carried out through aforesaid operations
Excrement and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste in proportion mixture up to biochemical permeable Jie of sponge urban soil improvement
Matter.
Further, the agricultural waste material includes rice husk, and the rice husk is pre-processed through following steps: measurement rice
Water is dipped in rice husk water content up to after 60~65%, carried out by the water content in shell if the water content of rice husk is lower than 60%
Ammoniated treatment determines that ammoniated treatment is completed when rice husk surface drops between 30~40 degree in light brown and temperature；Otherwise, directly
Carry out ammoniated treatment.
Preferably, the ammoniated treatment operation is that urea liquid or livestock waste mixed liquor are sprinkled upon on rice husk heap.
Further, the fermentation process of the dregs of a decoction are as follows: medicinal material is piled into 1.5~2m high, 1.5 using rear remaining residue
~2.5m wide (preferably 2m wide), 3 meters or more long material heaps are spread out cold after fermenting 25~30 days under ventilated environment
But it dries.
Preferably, in the fermentation treatments with the temperature of material heap be reduced to naturally 40 degrees Celsius or less (preferably
35~40 degrees Celsius) when be judged to fermenting completion.
Preferably, the medicinal material is woody medicinal plant, it is highly preferred that the length of the medicinal material is 0.5~1cm.
Preferably, the method includes the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, pine bark are ground into the particle that diameter is less than or equal to 3mm,
It is mixed in proportion again after piling up fermentation.
Further, the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or
The volume ratio of garden waste is (0.5~2): (1~3): (0.5~1): (1~2): (1~5).
Further, the pine bark is the pine bark of depth degreasing degradation, i.e., macerates through 3 years or more depositions or natural shape
Trunk is wooden rotten saturating in state.
Further, the carbonized rice husks are husk by being heated to its ignition temperature hereinafter, burn incompletely and shape
At carbonized substance；Preferably, the carbonized rice husks are carbonization rice husk.
Further, the carbonized rice husks are the carbonized rice husks after washing.
The invention also includes the biochemical permeable media of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement to be situated between in preparation sponge city special-purpose soil
Application in matter.
Further, the application includes the steps that sponge urban soil is improved to biochemical permeable medium to be mixed with soil.
Further, it is described application the following steps are included:
I, after the soil that pending area is at least dug out to 35cm depth, 15~25cm (preferably 20cm) thickness is first spread in bottom
Coarse sand rock layers；
II, it after mixing the biochemical permeable medium of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement in proportion with the step I soil dug out, returns
It is filled to above coarse sand rock layers；
III, kind of a plant is carried in the soil of backfill.
Further, the biochemical permeable medium of the sponge urban soil improvement and soil are (4~13) by volume: (10
~20) ratio mixing.
Further, it if carrying the plant of kind in the step III as flower, grass and/or shrub, is dug out in the step I
Depth of soil be 35~50cm；Backfill is in the step II with a thickness of 45~55cm (preferably 50cm)；If the step III
The middle plant for carrying kind is arbor class, then the depth of soil dug out in the step I is 50cm or more.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the dedicated medium of the present invention program is using biology, physics subjects theory as base
Plinth carries out upgrading improvement to soil, improves soil property by biodegradable mode, and it is (big to the permeability of water to improve soil
In 150mm/h), using soil chemistry oxygen demand (the Chemical Oxygen after the soil media improvement of this originating party case
Demand, COD) greater than 60%, water outlet SS removal rate greater than 80%, total phosphorus (Total Phosphorus, TP) removes removal rate
Rate is greater than 65%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank is greater than 60%, balanced soil pH value (pH6.5~7.5).Pass through the soil after upgrading improvement
Earth is more suitable for the discharge and purification of municipal sewage (rainwater etc.), improves urban groundwater water quality, solves the problems, such as urban waterlogging after rain,
Grow afforestation vegetation preferably, economic value and social value with higher.
Specific embodiment
To explain the technical content, the achieved purpose and the effect of the present invention in detail, it is explained below in conjunction with embodiment.
The most critical design of the present invention is: the present invention is dexterously by the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, palm sugar, pine tree
Skin, cow dung, agricultural waste material and/or garden waste are re-dubbed dedicated medium, can not only sufficiently realize waste circulation benefit
With, and containing various trace elements such as potassium, calcium needed for plant, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron, chlorine in dedicated medium, pole is conducive to plant
The growth of object；Contain in the residue of the dregs of a decoction, especially woody medicinal plant in the medium of the present invention program a large amount of wood-fibreds of content etc. at
Point, not only water absorption and swelling is good but also can prevent the growth and breeding of smelly bacterium, mould well；Cow dung may make that soil is fluffy
Pine improves hardening soil situation, chelates the microelement in soil.
A kind of biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement, including the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine tree
Skin, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the dedicated medium of the present invention program is with biology, physics
Upgrading improvement is carried out to soil based on subjects theory, soil property is improved by biodegradable mode, improves soil
To the permeability (being greater than 150mm/h) of water, using the soil chemistry oxygen demand after the soil media improvement of the present invention program
(Chemical Oxygen Demand, COD) removal rate is greater than 60%, water outlet SS removal rate and is greater than 80%, total phosphorus (Total
Phosphorus, TP) removal rate is greater than 65%, and ammonia nitrogen removal frank is greater than 60%, balanced soil pH value (pH6.5~7.5).
It is more suitable for the discharge and purification of municipal sewage (rainwater etc.) by the soil after upgrading improvement, improves urban groundwater water quality, solution
Certainly urban waterlogging problem after rain, grows afforestation vegetation preferably, economic value and social value with higher.
Further, the partial size of material is not more than 10mm, total hole in the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement
Gap rate is greater than 70%, and saturation water absorbent rate is 500~600%, and pH value is 6~7.5；Preferably, the pH value is 6.6~7；It is excellent
Selection of land, the saturation water absorbent rate are 550%.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: appearance is in dark brown or black, and fine grained soil has few
Fibrous material is measured, particle is uniform, and quality is soft, moistens and has certain elasticity.The dedicated medium of the present invention program, saturation are inhaled
Water rate is high, retentiveness and water penetration with higher, has preferable drought resistance.
Further, if so, the agricultural waste material includes rice husk and/or rice straw；If so, the gardens are discarded
Object includes plant waste branches and leaves.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: garden waste, crops are added in soil media
Waste promotes the content of organic matter in medium.
Further, the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or
The volume ratio of garden waste is (0.5~2): (1~3): (0.5~1): (1~2): (1~5).
Preferably, the dregs of a decoction are the residue of woody medicinal plant；It is highly preferred that the dregs of a decoction be it is fermented after woody medicine
Material.
Preferably, the length in the dregs of a decoction is 0.5~1cm.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the dregs of a decoction in the present invention program preferably use woody medicine
Material is fermented again using rear remaining residue, and length should generally control the moisture content of the dregs of a decoction before 0.5-1 centimetres, fermentation operation
Control is advisable 55~65%, and judgment method is: hand grabs a dregs of a decoction, and water breakthrough print is not dripped, and landing, which both dissipates, to be advisable.Water is sent out less
Ferment is slow, and water multi-pass gas is poor, also results in " spoilage organisms " work and generates stink.If the dregs of a decoction be it is dry, should mention the previous day plus water
It prewets.Material piles up 1.5-2 meters high, and 2 meters of width, the length of material heap facilitates overturning at 3 meters or more.Material heap will be built
In ventilated place.The dregs of a decoction after fermentation are in black or dark brown, and one draws or one pinches i.e. broken, slightly ammonia is fragrant, spill fragrance or
Earthy Taste, without any stink, temperature gradually reduces naturally to 35-40 degree or so or hereinafter, fermentation is basically completed, total fermentation time
Generally at 25-30 days or so.Hereafter material heap can be spread out, cooling is dried.Not only remnants have pharmacological property in the woody medicinal plant dregs of a decoction
With good bacteriostasis, and wood-fibred water holding capacity rich in is strong and can further promote antibacterial bacteriostatic ability.
Further, the moisture content of the mud charcoal is 25~35%, more preferably 8~10%；It preferably, will be described
Mud charcoal uses after being ground into diameter≤3mm particle.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: mud charcoal belongs to one kind of mud coal (peat), is ten million
It before year, by the vegetalitas remains in Soaking environment, is largely deposited in stratum, under anaerobic status, through microbial portion point
Solution effect, is formed by black or crineous mineral, is a kind of transiting product become during coal by plant.Peat soil contains
Water is very high, and generally up to 85~95%.It is mined through natural drying after, moisture can be reduced to 25~35%.Powder
It is used after being broken into diameter≤3mm particle, which has good water penetration, water-retaining property, nitrogen phosphorus in spongy
Potassium > 10, organic matter > 50, pH5.5-8.5, moisture content 8-10%.
Further, the pH value of the carbonized rice husks is 6.5~7.7.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: carbonized rice husks refer to the outside cereal shells such as rice husk, wheat shell
By being heated to its ignition temperature hereinafter, the carbonized substance for making its burn incompletely and being formed, thermal conductivity light with body
Low characteristic.Total porosity 82.5% (macropore 57.5%, aperture 25%), it is light, breathe freely, hygroscopicity it is moderate, should not occur
When doing phenomenon overly moist, but paying attention to feed flow excess, there is wet injury.The carbonized rice husks are preferably carbonization rice husk, carbonization rice husk
Nitrogen content 0.54%, rapid available phosphorus 66mg/kg, available potassium 0.66%, full of nutrition, high temperature carbonization, not disease carrying germ.PH value is 6.5-
7.7, if do not washed using preceding, carbonize the K of formation2CO3PH value can be made to rise to 9 or more, therefore preferably washed using preceding.
Further, the porosity of the coco bran is 80% or more.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the coco bran is preferably import coco bran, is outside coconut
A kind of pure natural organic matter medium under falling off in case fibre process.Coco bran has good pore structure (total pore space
Rate (total porosity) >=80%), stronger water holding capacity (water-holding porosity (water-holding porosity,
WFP) > 70%), performance is similar to peat, and better than most of other organic medias, without wax, there is no hydrophobic on coco bran surface
Property problem.PH between 4.40~5.90, the cation exchange capacity value range of coco bran 32.40~55.00mol/hg it
Between, there is stronger physical and chemical adsorption ability.
Further, the pine bark is the pine bark of depth degreasing degradation, i.e., macerates through 3 years or more depositions or natural shape
Trunk is wooden rotten saturating in state；Preferably, the pine bark is to have started from table and inner the pine bark being ashed.
Preferably, the cow dung is cow dung after washing.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: contain crude protein 10%-20%, thick rouge in dry cow dung
Fat 1%-3%, nitrogen-free extracts 20%-30%, crude fibre 15%-30%, therefore there is very high nutrient, dry cow dung is passed through
Fermentation can become good organic fertilizer product.The fluffy soil of energy, improves hardening soil situation, chelates the micro member in soil
Element promotes soil fertility etc..
The invention also includes the preparation methods of the biochemical permeable medium of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement, comprising the following steps:
S1, pretreatment of raw material:
The pretreatment of S01, the dregs of a decoction: medicinal material is subjected to fermentation process using rear remaining residue；
The pretreatment of S02, mud charcoal: being 25~35%, preferably 8~10% by mud charcoal drying to water content；
S2, mixing: the pretreated dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, ox will be carried out through aforesaid operations
Excrement and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste in proportion mixture up to biochemical permeable Jie of sponge urban soil improvement
Matter.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effect of the present invention program is: by the organic wastes such as the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, warp
It is used as plant culture medium after fermentation maturity, not only reduces environmental pollution, but also waste be changed into values for energy, turns harm into good, achieves many things at one stroke.
Further, the agricultural waste material includes rice husk, and the rice husk is pre-processed through following steps: measurement rice
Water is dipped in rice husk water content up to after 60~65%, carried out by the water content in shell if the water content of rice husk is lower than 60%
Ammoniated treatment determines that ammoniated treatment is completed when rice husk surface drops between 30~40 degree in light brown and temperature；Otherwise, directly
Carry out ammoniated treatment.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effect of the present invention program is: the long 5-10mm, 2.5-5mm of rice husk, thickness 23-30 μ
M, color is in robber's yellow, golden yellow, yellowish-brown and brownish red etc..Rice husk bulk density is 96-160kg/m3.Water content is
12% or so, carbon containing 36%, nitrogenous 0.48%, phosphorous 0.32%, containing potassium 0.27%, the content composition situation of rice husk and straw is big
Cause similar, but the silicate content of rice husk is more much higher than straw.Rice husk fermentation should first use urea " ammonification " to handle, or use domestic animal
Fecaluria is mixed to carry out ammoniated treatment, could obtain comparatively ideal zymotic efficiency.Concrete operations are as follows: adjustment determination of moisture rice husk contains
Water after material per ton adds 500kg water (immersion), is stacked 24 hours then on the basis of the water content 60% needed for fermenting
More than.After ammoniated treatment is stacked 24 hours, when rice husk water content is up to 60~65%, then 4kg urea is converted 50kg water, be made
Urea water is equably sprinkled upon on rice husk heap.Until rice husk surface is in light brown, temperature is dropped between 30-40 degree, has as been fermented
At.
Preferably, the ammoniated treatment operation is that urea liquid or livestock waste mixed liquor are sprinkled upon on rice husk heap.
Further, the fermentation process of the dregs of a decoction are as follows: medicinal material is piled into 1.5~2m high, 1.5 using rear remaining residue
~2.5m wide (preferably 2m wide), 3 meters or more long material heaps are spread out cold after fermenting 25~30 days under ventilated environment
But it dries.
Preferably, in the fermentation treatments with the temperature of material heap be reduced to naturally 40 degrees Celsius or less (preferably
35~40 degrees Celsius) when be judged to fermenting completion.
Preferably, the medicinal material is woody medicinal plant, it is highly preferred that the length of the medicinal material is 0.5~1cm.
Preferably, the method includes the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, pine bark are ground into diameter less than or equal to 3mm's or so
Particle mixes in proportion again after piling up fermentation.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: after fermenting completely, data target meter as needed
Ratio needed for calculating formula material is sufficiently mixed to obtain soil upgrading medium in proportion.According to water pollution degree and consistency of soil,
Acidity etc. mixes dedicated medium with soil.
Further, the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or
The volume ratio of garden waste is (0.5~2): (1~3): (0.5~1): (1~2): (1~5).
Further, the pine bark is the pine bark of depth degreasing degradation, i.e., macerates through 3 years or more depositions or natural shape
Trunk is wooden rotten saturating in state.
Further, the carbonized rice husks are husk by being heated to its ignition temperature hereinafter, burn incompletely and shape
At carbonized substance.
Further, the carbonized rice husks are the carbonized rice husks after washing.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: carbonized rice husks are due to will form carbonic acid in carbonisation
Potassium causes pH value to rise to 9 or more, therefore, using it is preceding preferably wash pH value is reduced to 6.5~7.7 after reuse.
The invention also includes the biochemical permeable media of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement to be situated between in preparation sponge city special-purpose soil
Application in matter.
Further, the application includes the steps that sponge urban soil is improved to biochemical permeable medium to be mixed with soil.
Further, it is described application the following steps are included:
I, after the soil that pending area is at least dug out to 35cm depth, 15~25cm (preferably 20cm) thickness is first spread in bottom
Coarse sand rock layers；
II, it after mixing the biochemical permeable medium of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement in proportion with the step I soil dug out, returns
It is filled to above coarse sand rock layers；
III, kind of a plant is carried in the soil of backfill.
Further, the biochemical permeable medium of the sponge urban soil improvement and soil are (4~13) by volume: (10
~20) ratio mixing.
Further, it if carrying the plant of kind in the step III as flower, grass and/or shrub, is dug out in the step I
Depth of soil be 35~50cm；Backfill is in the step II with a thickness of 45~55cm (preferably 50cm)；If the step III
The middle plant for carrying kind is arbor class, then the depth of soil dug out in the step I is 50cm or more.
As can be seen from the above description, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the sponge urban soil of the present invention program is improved biochemical
Permeable medium can be widely applied to preparation sponge city special-purpose soil medium, and then for constructing sponge city.
The embodiment of the present invention one are as follows: a kind of permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry is by the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbon
Change rice husk, import coco bran, pine bark, washing cow dung, discarded plant branches and leaves, rice husk and rice straw composition.By raw material according to one
Certainty ratio is sufficiently mixed: by volume: 0.5 part of the dregs of a decoction, 3 parts of mud charcoal, 0.5 part of carbonization rice husk, 2 parts of import coco bran, pine bark 1
Part, 1 part of cow dung is washed, discarded plant branches and leaves, rice husk and 1 part of rice straw (discarded plant branches and leaves, rice husk and rice straw volume
Than for 1:3:2), mixed raw material is mixed to obtain soil media by volume with soil for 9:10.By mixed soil media
By 500kg/m3Packing density is piled up, and it is the 15 of normal soil which, which has excellent water imbibition rain penetration rate,
Times, water-retaining property is 30 times of normal soil.Carbon needed for medium contains plant growth, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, manganese,
Zinc, molybdenum, boron, several microelements of chlorine ten.The physical and chemical index of soil upgrading medium are as follows: partial size≤10mm, overall porosity 81%,
It is saturated water absorbent rate 500%, pH value 6.6.
The embodiment of the present invention two are as follows: a kind of permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry is by the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbon
Change rice husk, import coco bran, pine bark, washing cow dung, discarded plant branches and leaves, rice husk and rice straw composition.Raw material and soil are pressed
It is sufficiently mixed according to certain proportion: by volume: 1 part of the dregs of a decoction, 1 part of mud charcoal, 1 part of carbonization rice husk, 1 part of import coco bran, pine bark 1
Part, 2 parts of cow dung are washed, (the two volume ratio is 5 parts of 3:2), and 20 parts of soil obtain soil media for rice husk and rice straw.It will be mixed
Soil media presses 750kg/m3Packing density is piled up, and it is common soil which, which has excellent water imbibition rain penetration rate,
19 times of earth, water-retaining property are 38 times of normal soil.Upgrading medium contain plant growth needed for carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium,
Calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron, several microelements of chlorine ten.The physical and chemical index of soil upgrading medium are as follows: partial size≤10mm, total hole
Gap rate 70% is saturated water absorbent rate 550%, pH value 7.
The embodiment of the present invention three are as follows: a kind of permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry is by the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbon
Change rice husk, import coco bran, pine bark, washing cow dung, rice husk composition.Raw material is sufficiently mixed in proportion after pretreatment: with body
Product meter: 2 parts of the dregs of a decoction, 4 parts of mud charcoal, 1 part of carbonization rice husk, 1 part of import coco bran, 1 part of pine bark, 2 parts of cow dung, 2 parts of rice husk are washed.
Above-mentioned dedicated medium is mixed into obtain soil media with 13 parts by volume soil.Mixed soil media is pressed into 500kg/m3Packing density
It piles up, which has excellent water imbibition, and rain penetration rate is 20 times of normal soil, and water-retaining property is normal soil
40 times.Carbon needed for upgrading medium contains plant growth, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, boron, chlorine ten are several
Microelement.The physical and chemical index of soil upgrading medium are as follows: partial size≤10mm, overall porosity 88% are saturated water absorbent rate
550%, pH value 6.6.
The dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, pine bark in above-described embodiment 1~3 are broken into diameter≤3 millimeter with pulverizer before mixing
Particle, the dregs of a decoction, washing cow dung, rice husk are by piling up fermentation, wherein the fermentation process operation of the dregs of a decoction are as follows: will be aqueous
Amount piles material heap for 55~65% dregs of a decoction, and the material heap is 1.5-2 meters a height of, and 2 meters of width, the length of material heap is at 3 meters
More than, facilitate overturning.The dregs of a decoction after fermentation are in black or dark brown, and one draws or one pinches i.e. broken, slightly ammonia is fragrant, spill fragrance or
Earthy Taste, without any stink, temperature is gradually reduced naturally to 35-40 degree, and fermentation is basically completed, and total fermentation time is 25 days, this
After spread material heap out, cooling is dried.
The processing operation of the washing cow dung are as follows: dry cow dung is washed with water 3 times or more, salinity in cow dung and big is removed
Part nutrient, dry (water content 60%) afterwards with the wooden chaff or the wooden grain mixed fermentation (some zymophytes are added when fermentation).It fermented
Journey is that fermentation is completed when temperature drops to 30 DEG C -40 DEG C by 70 DEG C of generation or more of high temperature.
The fermentation process of the rice husk operates are as follows: on the basis of water content 60% needed for fermenting, material per ton adds 500kg water
After (immersion), it is stacked 24 hours or more, after ammoniated treatment is stacked 24 hours, when rice husk water content is up to 60~65%,
4kg urea is converted 50kg water again, urea water is made, is equably sprinkled upon on rice husk heap.Until rice husk surface is in light brown, temperature
It drops between 30-40 degree, as fermentation is completed.
Import coco bran, mud charcoal and pine bark directly buy the product for completion of having fermented.Carbonized rice husks can be directly at purchase
After reason, it also can purchase the husks such as rice husk and carry out charing process.Alleged normal soil is mixes institute with medium in above-described embodiment
With the soil of soil identical source.
Microorganism can also be added during the fermentation and carry out assisted fermentation for raw material in the present invention program.
In conclusion a kind of sponge urban soil provided by the invention is improved biochemical permeable medium and preparation method thereof and is answered
With the dielectric material has good water suction, water-holding capacity, and soil permeability is high, reduces rainwash, can be very good to keep away
Exempt from urban waterlogging.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalents made by bright description are applied directly or indirectly in relevant technical field, are similarly included in this hair
In bright scope of patent protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement, it is characterised in that: including the dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coconut palm
Chaff, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste.
2. the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sponge city
The partial size of material is not more than 10mm in the biochemical permeable medium of soil improvement, and overall porosity is greater than 70%, and saturation water absorbent rate is 500
~600%, pH value is 6~7.5.
3. the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: if so, the agriculture
Crop wastes include rice husk and/or rice straw；If so, the garden waste includes plant waste branches and leaves.
4. the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dregs of a decoction, mud
The volume ratio of charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and agricultural waste material and/or garden waste be (0.5~
2): (1~3): (0.5~1): (1~2): (1~5).
5. the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the dregs of a decoction are wood
The residue of this medicinal material.
6. a kind of preparation method of the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement as described in any one in claim 1-5,
It is characterized in that: the following steps are included:
S1, pretreatment of raw material:
The pretreatment of S01, the dregs of a decoction: medicinal material is subjected to fermentation process using rear remaining residue；
The pretreatment of S02, mud charcoal: being 25~35%, preferably 8~10% by mud charcoal drying to water content；
S2, mixing: will be carried out through aforesaid operations the pretreated dregs of a decoction, mud charcoal, carbonized rice husks, coco bran, pine bark, cow dung and
Agricultural waste material and/or garden waste in proportion mixture up to the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement.
7. the preparation method of the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating agricultural waste material includes rice husk, and the rice husk is pre-processed through following steps: the water content in measurement rice husk, if rice husk
Water content be lower than 60%, then water is dipped in rice husk water content up to after 60~65%, ammoniated treatment is carried out, when rice husk surface
Determine that ammoniated treatment is completed when dropping between 30~40 degree in light brown and temperature；Otherwise, ammoniated treatment is directly carried out.
8. the preparation method of the biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute
Ammoniated treatment operation is stated as urea liquid or livestock waste mixed liquor to be sprinkled upon on rice husk heap.
9. a kind of biochemical permeable medium of sponge urban soil improvement as described in any one in claim 1-5 is in building sponge city
In application.
10. application according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
I, after the soil that pending area is at least dug out to 35cm depth, the coarse sand rock layers of 15~25cm thickness are first spread in bottom；
II, it after mixing the biochemical permeable medium of above-mentioned sponge urban soil improvement in proportion with the step I soil dug out, is backfilled to
Above coarse sand rock layers；
III, kind of a plant is carried in the soil of backfill；
Wherein, the biochemical permeable medium of the sponge urban soil improvement and soil are (4~13) by volume: the ratio of (10~20)
Example mixing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811300213.0A CN109516886A (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Permeable medium of a kind of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry and the preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811300213.0A CN109516886A (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Permeable medium of a kind of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry and the preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109516886A true CN109516886A (en) | 2019-03-26 |
Family
ID=65774060
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811300213.0A Pending CN109516886A (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Permeable medium of a kind of sponge urban soil improvement biochemistry and the preparation method and application thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109516886A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114287313A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial sponge soil and application thereof |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105594505A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-25 | 河南华美园林绿化工程有限公司 | Light compound substrate special for roof greening and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN107094390A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-29 | 上海溪昌环境工程有限公司 | A kind of new method for building sponge city |
| CN107573149A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of planting technique soil for sponge city |
| CN107950353A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏兴农基质科技有限公司 | A kind of sponge urban afforestation dedicated substrate and production method |
| CN108612173A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-02 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of intelligent biological delay tank and its construction method |
-
2018
- 2018-11-02 CN CN201811300213.0A patent/CN109516886A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105594505A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2016-05-25 | 河南华美园林绿化工程有限公司 | Light compound substrate special for roof greening and preparation method and using method thereof |
| CN107094390A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-08-29 | 上海溪昌环境工程有限公司 | A kind of new method for building sponge city |
| CN107573149A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2018-01-12 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | A kind of planting technique soil for sponge city |
| CN107950353A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-04-24 | 江苏兴农基质科技有限公司 | A kind of sponge urban afforestation dedicated substrate and production method |
| CN108612173A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-02 | 西安工业大学 | A kind of intelligent biological delay tank and its construction method |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
|---|
| 中国市政工程协会等: "《中国市政工程海绵城市建设实用技术手册》", 30 June 2017, 中国建材工业出版社 * |
| 刘科等: "《秸秆饲料加工与应用技术》", 28 February 2001, 金盾出版社 * |
| 孙璇: ""海绵城市"建设中生态沟渠实验分析", 《西安工程大学学报》 * |
| 常文韬等: "《农业废弃物资源化利用技术示范与减排效应分析》", 31 January 2018, 中国环境出版社 * |
| 王鑫: "海绵城市下垫面基质优化及其对模拟雨水处理效果", 《环境工程学报》 * |
| 蔡绍平等: "《园林植物栽培与养护》", 30 September 2011, 华中科技大学出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114287313A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-08 | 北京市农林科学院 | Artificial sponge soil and application thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103214315B (en) | Greening matrix containing quarry mucks, animal manures, straws and charcoal powder and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102875227B (en) | Lightweight ecological nutrient soil for roof greening and method for preparing lightweight ecological nutrient soil | |
| CN1965638B (en) | Compact type substrate seedling nursery culture pan | |
| CN101356889B (en) | Special cultivation soil for planting blueberry and preparation method thereof | |
| CN105908693B (en) | The planting carpet improved for muddy coast salt-soda soil original soil | |
| CN103755445B (en) | A kind of watermelon plug seedling substrate and application thereof | |
| CN103435411A (en) | Charcoal based plant cultivation substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| KR100779756B1 (en) | Development for agricultural bed soil using the seaweeds by-product | |
| CN106588181A (en) | Method for cultivating broussonetia papyrifera in stony desertification areas | |
| CN103130561A (en) | High quality flowering plant compost | |
| CN102617239A (en) | Compound type plant cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof | |
| CN108727108A (en) | A kind of charcoal based modifier and preparation method thereof of improvement coastal saline-alkali soil | |
| CN106416904A (en) | Method for culturing high-quality tea-oil tree seedlings | |
| KR100718867B1 (en) | Mat-type bed soil for raising seedlings and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN109362533A (en) | A kind of rice hole plate dry rice seedling multilayer straw substrate and the preparation method and application thereof | |
| WO2014025275A2 (en) | Fertilizer with controlled components release, fertilizer with controlled components release production method and method of fertilizer application | |
| CN103435380A (en) | Device and method for planting fast-growing plants and replacing chemical fertilizers with plant composts | |
| CN105961106A (en) | Method for seedling transplanting pear tree plantation | |
| CN108967120A (en) | A kind of alien earth sparging base material mixture and preparation method thereof for Techniques of Ecological Protection in Expressway Side Slope | |
| CN105917779A (en) | Method for planting reed on side slope | |
| JP2007175048A (en) | Culture medium to be used in organic cultivation of field crop | |
| CN108617465B (en) | Ecological substrate for vegetation restoration and preparation method thereof | |
| WO2008133488A1 (en) | Process of improved semi-static composting for the production of a humectant substrate of low density of use thereof in nurseries and greenhouses | |
| CN105210491B (en) | A kind of modification method of beach salty soil | |
| JP2019058183A (en) | Method of raising seedlings by using cured bark and fulvic acid |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20201117 Address after: 519000 Guangdong city of Zhuhai province Zhuhai Hongqi Town Jinwan District Avenue North, Hubei Road West double Hua Xinrong Industrial Park No. 2 Building 2 building 206 room Applicant after: ZHUHAI CHANGHE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 210, 2 / F, factory building 2, 6366 Zhuhai Avenue, Hongqi Town, Jinwan District, Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Applicant before: ZHUHAI NANDE SPONGE CITY CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT Co.,Ltd. |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190326 |