CN109507129A - Spectrographic detection type gas sensor based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property - Google Patents
Spectrographic detection type gas sensor based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property Download PDFInfo
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/171—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with calorimetric detection, e.g. with thermal lens detection
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
- G01N21/45—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods
- G01N2021/458—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length using interferometric methods; using Schlieren methods using interferential sensor, e.g. sensor fibre, possibly on optical waveguide
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Abstract
Based on the spectrographic detection type gas sensor of FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property, belong to gas concentration measurement technical field.It is to be hoisted that the present invention solves the problems, such as that the sensitivity of existing fiber gas sensor has.Innovative point: including FP interferometer I and FP interferometer II；Detecting laser, isolator I, circulator II, circulator I, filter, spectrometer are sequentially connected, and pump laser, isolator II and FP interferometer I are sequentially connected；Circulator I and circulator II is arranged in series in the optical path between isolator I and filter, and circulator I is connect with FP interferometer I, and circulator II is connect with FP interferometer II.The present invention cascades two FP interferometers, so that it is generated cursor effect, gasmetry sensitivity is improved using the sensitizing property of cursor effect, and tested gasmetry sensitivity is made to improve the 1-2 order of magnitude.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas sensors, and in particular to a kind of spectrographic detection based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property
Type gas sensor belongs to gas concentration measurement technical field.
Background technique
Measurement for gas concentration generallys use spatial spectral absorption process and measures, in order to improve sensitivity needs
Large volume gas chamber causes equipment instrument huge, it is difficult to realize on-line checking.
Optical fiber gas sensing technology belongs to up-and-coming youngster in gas detection technology, just comes into people in the 1970s
The visual field.Fiber gas sensor transmission power loss is small, is suitble to long range measurements, has under the adverse circumstances such as high temperature, high pressure
Stronger advantage, structure is simple, high sensitivity, reliable and stable.Numerous research works have been obtained in view of above various unique advantages
The favor of person, status in practical applications are also gradually promoted, but the sensitivity of existing fiber gas sensor need to be mentioned
It rises.
Summary of the invention
It has been given below about brief overview of the invention, in order to provide about the basic of certain aspects of the invention
Understand.It should be appreciated that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention.It is not intended to determine pass of the invention
Key or pith, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Its purpose only provides certain concepts in simplified form,
Taking this as a prelude to a more detailed description discussed later.
In consideration of it, the present invention is for be hoisted, the Jin Erti that solves the problems, such as that the sensitivity of existing fiber gas sensor has
For a kind of spectrographic detection type gas sensor based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property.Double FP interferometers are cascaded, its generation is made
Cursor effect improves gasmetry sensitivity using the sensitizing property of cursor effect.Compared with single FP interferometer, double FP
Interferometer cascade structure can make tested gasmetry sensitivity improve the 1-2 order of magnitude.
Scheme: the spectrographic detection type gas sensor based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property, including detecting laser, isolation
Device I, pump laser, isolator II, circulator I, circulator II, filter, spectrometer, FP interferometer I and FP interferometer II；
The detecting laser, isolator I, circulator II, circulator I, filter, spectrometer are sequentially connected, the pump
Pu laser, isolator II and FP interferometer I are sequentially connected；Circulator I and circulator II is arranged in series in isolator I and filtering
In optical path between device, circulator I is connect with FP interferometer I, and circulator II is connect with FP interferometer II；
Detect the optical path of light are as follows: detection light is issued by detecting laser, by isolator I, into after circulator II
Enter circulator I into FP interferometer II, then through circulator II, subsequently into FP interferometer I, then through circulator I, filter into
Enter spectrometer；
The optical path of pump light are as follows: pump light is issued by pump laser, successively enters FP interference by isolator II
Count I.
Further: hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) both ends and single mode optical fiber of the length in 5-20 millimeters of ranges
Welding forms FP interferometer I, and the diameter of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber identical as single mode optical fiber is 125 microns.
Further: the fibre core of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is air, and core diameter is 10-30 microns；Hollow light
There are multiple apertures in the side of photonic crystal fiber, guarantees that its fibre core communicates with the outside world, and the diameter of aperture is 5-20 microns, aperture it is close
Degree is 4-20/centimetres.
Further: hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) both ends and single mode optical fiber of the length in 5-20 millimeters of ranges
Welding forms FP interferometer II, and the diameter of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber identical as single mode optical fiber is 125 microns；Air-core photonic is brilliant
The fibre core of body optical fiber is air, and core diameter is 10-30 microns.
Further: the pump laser and detecting laser are narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser, the wavelength of pump laser
It is overlapped with the absorption peak of tested gas, guarantees that tested gas has strong absorption to pump light, since its energy spectral density is far small
In pump light, thus detect light it is absorbed it is negligible；When pump light enters in FP interferometer I, hollow photon crystal light
Tested gas temperature raising due to absorbing pump light in fibre, causes hollow-core photonic crystal fiber that length occurs because temperature increases
Variation.
Present invention effect achieved are as follows:
The present invention cascades double FP interferometers, so that it is generated cursor effect, is improved using the sensitizing property of cursor effect
Gasmetry sensitivity.Compared with single FP interferometer, double FP interferometer cascade structures can make tested gasmetry sensitive
Degree improves the 1-2 order of magnitude, which has high anti-interference ability to extraneous vibration.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the spectrographic detection type gas sensor configuration figures that FP two-chamber cascades sensitizing property；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of FP interferometer I；
Fig. 3 is the interference spectrogram of FP interferometer I；
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of FP interferometer II；
Fig. 5 is the interference spectrogram of FP interferometer II；
Fig. 6 is interference spectrum envelope diagram.
Specific embodiment
For clarity and conciseness, all features of actual implementation mode are not described in the description.However, should
Understand, much decisions specific to embodiment must be made, during developing any this practical embodiments so as to reality
The objectives of existing developer, for example, meeting restrictive condition those of related to system and business, and these restrictive conditions
It may be changed with the difference of embodiment.In addition, it will also be appreciated that although development is likely to be very multiple
It is miscellaneous and time-consuming, but for the those skilled in the art for having benefited from the disclosure of invention, this development is only example
Capable task.
Here, also it should be noted is that, in order to avoid having obscured the present invention because of unnecessary details, applying for text
Illustrate only in part with closely related apparatus structure and/or processing step according to the solution of the present invention, and be omitted and this
The little other details of inventive relationship.
Embodiment 1: referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the spectrographic detection type gas based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property of present embodiment
Body sensor,
Including detecting laser, isolator I, coupler I, coupler II, pump laser, isolator II, circulator I,
Circulator II, filter, spectrometer, FP interferometer I and FP interferometer II；
The detecting laser, isolator I and coupler I are sequentially connected, and the pump laser, isolator II and FP are dry
Meter I is related to be sequentially connected；The coupler II, filter, spectrometer are sequentially connected；Circulator I and circulator II cascade setting exists
In optical path between coupler I and coupler II, circulator I is connect with FP interferometer I, and circulator II and FP interferometer II connect
It connects.
Wherein, FP interferometer I.
Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCF) both ends of the length in 5-20 millimeters of ranges are formed with single mode optical fiber welding
FP interferometer I, as shown in Figure 2.The diameter of HC-PCF identical as single mode optical fiber is 125 microns, and the fibre core of HC-PCF is air,
Core diameter is 10-30 microns, and there are multiple apertures in the side of HC-PCF, guarantees that its fibre core is come round with the external world, the diameter of aperture is equal
It is 5-20 microns, the density of aperture is 4-20/centimetres.
After the detection light that detecting laser issues enters FP interferometer I by circulator I, light is detected successively successively through reflecting
Face I and reflecting surface II reflection, two beam reflected lights form interference, light intensity I after interferenceFP1It can indicate are as follows:
Wherein I11And I12Respectively light intensity of the detection light after reflecting surface I and reflecting surface II reflection, L1For hollow-core fiber
Length, λ are the wavelength for detecting light.Interference spectrum is as shown in Figure 3.
The interference spectrum trough of FP interferometer I meets:
Wherein, m1For integer, λm1For the corresponding wavelength of interference spectrum trough.
The Free Spectral Range FSR of the interference spectrum of FP interferometer I can be obtained by (2) formulaFP1Are as follows:
By (2) formula to L1Differential obtains the relationship between the interference spectrum translational movement and FP1 cavity length of FP interferometer I are as follows:
Wherein, Δ λFP1For the translational movement of FP interferometer I interference spectrum, Δ L1For the length variable quantity of HC-PCF optical fiber.
Photothermal spectroscopy technology.
Pump laser and detecting laser are narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser, the wavelength of pump laser and tested gas
Absorption peak is overlapped, and guarantees that tested gas has strong absorption to pump light.Since its energy spectral density is much smaller than pump light,
Detection light absorbs it negligible.When pump light enters in FP interferometer I, the tested gas in HC-PCF optical fiber is because absorbing
Pump light and temperature increase, and cause HC-PCF optical fiber temperature to increase and length changes.The variable quantity of HC-PCF fiber lengths can
It indicates are as follows:
ΔL1=α P Δ C (5)
Wherein, P is pump laser power, Δ L1For the variable quantity of the double refractive inde of polarization HC-PCF optical fiber, Δ C is
The variable quantity of tested gas concentration, α is preset constant, can be set based on experience value.
(5) formula substitution (4) formula is obtained into the translational movement of FP interferometer I interference spectrum with the variation relation of tested gas concentration:
Wherein, FP interferometer II.
HC-PCF optical fiber both ends of the length in 5-20 millimeters of ranges and single mode optical fiber welding form FP interferometer II, such as scheme
Shown in 4.The diameter of hollow identical as single mode optical fiber is 125 microns, and the fibre core of hollow-core fiber is air, and core diameter is
10-30 microns.
After detection light enters FP interferometer II by circulator, light is detected successively successively through reflecting surface III and reflecting surface IV
Reflection, two beam reflected lights form interference, light intensity I after interferenceFP2It can indicate are as follows:
Wherein I21And I22Respectively light intensity of the detection light after reflecting surface III and reflecting surface IV reflection, L2For hollow-core fiber
Length, λ be detect light wavelength.Interference spectrum is as shown in Figure 5.
The interference spectrum trough of FP interferometer II meets:
Wherein, m2For integer, λm2For the corresponding wavelength of interference spectrum trough.
The Free Spectral Range FSR of the interference spectrum of FP interferometer II can be obtained by (8) formulaFP2Are as follows:
Cursor effect principle:
Filter effect: the pump light of pump laser sending is filtered, prevents it from being received by spectrometer.Isolator I
It shields to detecting laser, makes to detect light and pump light not can enter detecting laser；Isolator II is to pump light source
It shields, makes to detect light and pump light not can enter pump light source.
When the Free Spectral Range of FP interferometer I and FP interferometer II is close, the detection light that detecting laser issues is passed through
Cursor effect will be generated when meeting again after FP interferometer I and FP interferometer II respectively, the interference spectrum of FP interferometer I is by FP
The modulation of interferometer II, modulated interference spectrum will generate interference spectrum envelope as shown in Figure 6.Interfere the free spectrum of spectrum envelope
Range FSREnvelopeWith FP interferometer I Free Spectral Range FSRFP1With FP interferometer I Free Spectral Range FSRFP2Relationship are as follows:
FSREnvelope=MFSRFP1 (10)
Due to being tested the variation of gas concentration, as the interference spectrum translation Δ λ of FP interferometer IFP1When, interfere the flat of spectrum envelope
Shifting amount Δ λEnvelopeAre as follows:
ΔλEnvelope=M Δ λFP1 (12)
(6) formula substitution (12) formula is obtained:
Above formula shows: when the interference spectrum of FP interferometer I changes when frequency displacement with tested gas concentration, interference spectrum envelope is therewith
Frequency displacement, and frequency shift amount is M times of the interference spectrum frequency shift amount of FP interferometer I, therefore, M is referred to as sensitivity enhancement factor.By formula
(11) desired M value is obtained by setting the Free Spectral Range of FP interferometer I and FP interferometer II known to, under normal conditions M
Range be 5-50.
Spectrographic detection type gas sensor based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property in embodiment has the advantages that
1) relative to single FP interferometer gas sensor, based on the gas sensor of double FP interferometer cascade structures,
Measurement sensitivity improves the 1-2 order of magnitude.
2) structure has high anti-interference ability to extraneous vibration.
Although disclosed embodiment is as above, its content is only to facilitate understand technical side of the invention
Case and the embodiment used, are not intended to limit the present invention.Any those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains, not
Under the premise of being detached from disclosed core technology scheme, any modification and change can be made in form and details in implementation
Change, but protection scope defined by the present invention, the range that the appended claims that must still be subject to limits.
Claims (5)
1. based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property spectrographic detection type gas sensor, it is characterised in that: including detecting laser,
Isolator I, pump laser, isolator II, circulator I, circulator II, filter, spectrometer, FP interferometer I and FP interference
Count II；
The detecting laser, isolator I, circulator II, circulator I, filter, spectrometer are sequentially connected, and the pumping swashs
Light device, isolator II and FP interferometer I are sequentially connected；Circulator I and circulator II be arranged in series in isolator I and filter it
Between optical path on, circulator I is connect with FP interferometer I, and circulator II is connect with FP interferometer II；
Detect light optical path are as follows: detection light issued by detecting laser, by isolator I, into circulator II after enter
FP interferometer II, then enter circulator I through circulator II, enter light subsequently into FP interferometer I, then through circulator I, filter
Spectrometer；
The optical path of pump light are as follows: pump light is issued by pump laser, successively enters FP interferometer I by isolator II.
2. the spectrographic detection type gas sensor according to claim 1 based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property, feature
Be: hollow-core photonic crystal fiber both ends of the length in 5-20 millimeters of ranges and single mode optical fiber welding form FP interferometer I, empty
The diameter of core photonic crystal fiber identical as single mode optical fiber is 125 microns.
3. the spectrographic detection type gas sensor according to claim 2 based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property, feature
Be: the fibre core of the hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is air, and core diameter is 10-30 microns；Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber
There are multiple apertures in side, guarantees that its fibre core communicates with the outside world, and the diameter of aperture is 5-20 micron, the density of aperture be 4-20 it is a/
Centimetre.
4. the spectrographic detection type gas sensor according to claim 3 based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property, feature
Be: hollow-core photonic crystal fiber both ends of the length in 5-20 millimeters of ranges and single mode optical fiber welding form FP interferometer II,
The diameter of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber identical as single mode optical fiber is 125 microns；The fibre core of hollow-core photonic crystal fiber is air,
Core diameter is 10-30 microns.
5. the spectrographic detection type gas sensor according to claim 4 based on FP two-chamber cascade sensitizing property, feature
Be: the pump laser and detecting laser are narrowband Distributed Feedback Laser, the wavelength of pump laser and tested gas
Absorption peak is overlapped.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112629743A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-09 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Air pressure sensor based on optical fiber double-cavity vernier effect sensitization |
| CN113533255A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-22 | 广东海洋大学 | Refractive index sensor and system |
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Application publication date: 20190322 |
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