CN109500604B - Five-dimensional manual displacement platform, turning auxiliary system comprising five-dimensional manual displacement platform and debugging method of turning auxiliary system - Google Patents
Five-dimensional manual displacement platform, turning auxiliary system comprising five-dimensional manual displacement platform and debugging method of turning auxiliary system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109500604B CN109500604B CN201811488251.3A CN201811488251A CN109500604B CN 109500604 B CN109500604 B CN 109500604B CN 201811488251 A CN201811488251 A CN 201811488251A CN 109500604 B CN109500604 B CN 109500604B
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
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Abstract
The invention discloses a five-dimensional manual displacement platform, a turning auxiliary system comprising the five-dimensional manual displacement platform and a debugging method of the turning auxiliary system. The five-dimensional manual displacement device comprises a first linear displacement platform, a second linear displacement platform, a third linear displacement platform, a fourth linear displacement platform and a rotary displacement platform; the turning auxiliary system with the five-dimensional manual displacement device comprises an elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device and a laser. The invention designs a five-dimensional manual displacement platform and a turning auxiliary system comprising the five-dimensional manual displacement platform, and designs a debugging method aiming at the turning auxiliary system. The geometrical position relation between the cutter and the laser focus is kept constant by adjusting the machine tool and the five-dimensional manual displacement platform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a turning auxiliary device and a debugging method, in particular to a turning auxiliary device combining laser and elliptical ultrasonic vibration and a debugging method.
Background
Hard and brittle materials such as hard alloy, ceramics, glass and the like have important application value and wide application prospect in the fields of aviation, photoelectron, medical treatment and the like, and compared with the traditional parts, the key parts made of the materials have the advantages of greatly prolonging the service life and improving the capability of resisting extreme conditions by virtue of the excellent mechanical and optical properties. However, these materials have greater processing difficulties due to their own higher hardness or lower fracture toughness, etc.; moreover, the tool is subjected to great wear during the machining process. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a desired surface quality and processing accuracy using the conventional machining means.
Laser-assisted cutting and elliptical ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting are considered to be effective means for machining hard and brittle materials. The laser-assisted cutting can reduce the hardness of the surface of the material and reduce the processing difficulty; the elliptical ultrasonic vibration assisted cutting is a high-frequency vibration method which enables a cutter to generate an elliptical track and realizes cutter-material intermittent cutting in the machining process, and can effectively reduce the abrasion of the cutter, reduce the cutting force and improve the quality of a machined surface.
However, at present, laser-assisted cutting can only be applied to cylindrical surface turning, and a laser focus and a cutting area are arranged in the same circumferential surface. In the end face cutting process, the geometric position relation between the cutter and the laser focus cannot be kept constant due to the gradual change of the processing radius in the cutting process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the geometric position relation between a cutter and a laser focus cannot be kept constant when a cylindrical end surface is cut by the conventional laser auxiliary cutting technology, and provides a five-dimensional manual displacement platform, a turning auxiliary system comprising the five-dimensional manual displacement platform and a debugging method of the turning auxiliary system.
The invention discloses a five-dimensional manual displacement device, which comprises a first linear displacement platform, a second linear displacement platform, a third linear displacement platform, a fourth linear displacement platform and a rotary displacement platform;
establishing a space rectangular coordinate system XYZ by taking the upper surface of a carrying platform of the first linear displacement platform as an XOZ plane and the axial direction of an adjusting shaft of the first linear displacement platform as an X axis, and setting the W direction to be parallel to the XOZ plane and the included angles of the W direction and the X axis and the Z axis to be acute angles;
a carrying platform of the second linear displacement platform can move along the Y axis; a carrying platform of the third linear displacement platform can move along the Z axis; a carrying platform of the fourth linear displacement platform can move along the W direction; the stage of the rotary displacement table is rotatable about its main axis, which is parallel to the Y-axis;
the base station of the third linear displacement platform is fixed on the platform deck of the first linear displacement platform, the base station of the rotary displacement platform is fixed on the platform deck of the third linear displacement platform, the base station of the second linear displacement platform is fixed on the platform deck of the rotary displacement platform, and the base station of the fourth linear displacement platform is fixed on the platform deck of the second linear displacement platform.
The turning auxiliary system containing the five-dimensional manual displacement device comprises an elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutter device and a laser,
the elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of the machine tool, and the Z-axis working platform of the machine tool can move along a Z axis;
the five-dimensional manual displacement device is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of the machine tool, and the axial direction of an adjusting shaft of the third linear displacement platform is parallel to a main shaft of the machine tool;
the laser is fixed on a carrying platform of the fourth linear displacement platform; the laser path emitted by the laser is parallel to the W direction, and the emitting direction of the laser faces to the spindle of the machine tool.
The invention discloses a debugging method of a turning auxiliary system with a five-dimensional manual displacement device, which comprises the following specific steps:
step one, coaxially fixing a test tool on a main shaft of a machine tool, and focusing laser emitted by a laser on the test tool;
secondly, moving the test tool along the direction parallel to the X axis to enable the laser to ablate a row of ablation points with equal distance on the surface of the test tool; rotating the trial cutter piece for 180 degrees around the axis of the trial cutter piece, and moving the trial cutter piece along the direction parallel to the X axis to ensure that the laser ablates a row of ablation points with equal distance on the surface of the trial cutter piece; repeatedly adjusting the second linear displacement platform and repeating the two ablation steps until the two groups of ablation points are positioned on the same straight line;
feeding the machine tool along the Z axis, so that the lathe tool bit is set on the surface of the test tool piece, and a cutting ring is left, wherein the depth of the cutting ring is 1-3 mu m; and repeatedly adjusting the first linear displacement platform, and enabling the laser to leave an ablation ring concentric with the cutting ring on the surface of the test tool until the ablation ring is coincided with the cutting ring to finish debugging.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention designs a five-dimensional manual displacement platform and a turning auxiliary system comprising the five-dimensional manual displacement platform, and designs a debugging method aiming at the turning auxiliary system. The turning auxiliary system integrates the ultra-precision machine tool, the elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutter device and the laser into a whole, the geometric position relation between the cutter and the laser focus is kept constant by adjusting the machine tool and the five-dimensional manual displacement platform, the laser can be focused on the surface of a processed workpiece near a turning head to form a heating area, and materials are softened and convenient to process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a turning assistance system incorporating a five-dimensional manual translation platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the turning auxiliary system including a five-dimensional manual displacement platform according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an elliptical ultrasonic vibration blade apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the focusing in the Y-axis direction of the machine tool according to the system debugging method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the focusing in the X-axis direction of the machine tool according to the system debugging method of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a laser according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Detailed description of the invention
The invention discloses a five-dimensional manual displacement device, which comprises a first linear displacement platform 7, a second linear displacement platform 8, a third linear displacement platform 9, a fourth linear displacement platform and a rotary displacement platform;
establishing a space rectangular coordinate system XYZ by taking the upper surface of a carrying platform of the first linear displacement platform 7 as an XOZ plane and the axial direction of an adjusting shaft of the first linear displacement platform 7 as an X axis, and setting the W direction to be parallel to the XOZ plane and the included angles between the W direction and the X axis and the Z axis to be acute angles;
the carrying platform of the second linear displacement platform 8 can move along the Y axis; the carrying platform of the third linear displacement platform 9 can move along the Z axis; a carrying platform of the fourth linear displacement platform can move along the W direction; the stage of the rotary displacement table is rotatable about its main axis, which is parallel to the Y-axis;
the base platform of the third linear displacement platform 9 is fixed on the platform of the first linear displacement platform 7, the base platform of the rotary displacement platform is fixed on the platform of the third linear displacement platform 9, the base platform of the second linear displacement platform 8 is fixed on the platform of the rotary displacement platform, and the base platform of the fourth linear displacement platform is fixed on the platform of the second linear displacement platform 8.
The first linear displacement platform 7, the second linear displacement platform 8, the third linear displacement platform 9 and the fourth linear displacement platform 10 are all single-shaft manual displacement platforms, the rotary displacement platform 11 is a rotary manual displacement platform, the single-shaft manual displacement platforms and the rotary displacement platforms respectively comprise a base station located below, a carrying platform located above and an adjusting shaft, and the adjusting shaft of the single-shaft manual displacement platform is rotated to enable the carrying platform to move relative to the base station along the axial direction of the adjusting shaft; and the adjusting shaft in the rotary displacement platform is rotated, so that the carrier can rotate by a central shaft vertical to the plane of the carrier.
Because the included angle in the W direction needs to be determined in the actual use process, after the first linear displacement platform 7 and the third linear displacement platform 9 are relatively fixed, the fourth linear displacement platform 10 needs to be indirectly fixed with the first linear displacement platform 7 and the third linear displacement platform 9 through the rotary displacement platform 11; just so can adjust W direction under the circumstances that X axle and Z axle are confirmed, and No. two linear displacement platform 8 is owing to adjust the displacement of vertical direction, consequently can satisfy "No. four displacement platform 10 need through rotatory displacement platform 11 with No. one linear displacement platform 7 and No. three linear displacement platform 9 indirect relatively fixed" the prerequisite under, set up in five-dimensional manual displacement device arbitrary one deck.
Detailed description of the invention
The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that, as shown in fig. 2, the second embodiment further comprises an L-shaped laser platform 14, a first connecting piece 16 and a second connecting piece 17,
the L-shaped laser platform 14 comprises two connecting surfaces which are connected end to end and are vertically fixed, and the section of the L-shaped laser platform 14 is L-shaped;
the base platform of the second linear displacement platform 8 is fixed on the carrying platform of the rotary displacement platform 11 through a first connecting piece 16; one connecting surface of the L-shaped laser platform 14 is fixed on the stage of the second linear displacement platform 8, and the upper surface of the other connecting surface of the L-shaped laser platform 14 is fixed with the base of the fourth linear displacement platform 10 through the second connecting member 17. Since the second linear displacement platform 8 is arranged perpendicular to the stage of the rotary displacement platform 11, the first connecting member 16 having a shape similar to an angle iron is required to connect the second linear displacement platform 8 and the rotary displacement platform 11 perpendicular to each other.
Detailed description of the invention
The turning auxiliary system of the five-dimensional manual displacement device of the invention, as shown in figure 1, comprises an elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device 1 and a laser 2,
the elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device 1 is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of a machine tool, and the Z-axis working platform of the machine tool can move along a Z axis;
the five-dimensional manual displacement device 6 is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of the machine tool, and the axial direction of an adjusting shaft of the third linear displacement platform 9 is parallel to a main shaft 15 of the machine tool;
the laser 2 is fixed on a carrying platform of the fourth linear displacement platform 10; the laser 2 emits laser light in an optical path parallel to the W direction, and the laser emission direction is toward the spindle 15 of the machine tool.
Adjust arbitrary unipolar manual displacement platform, can make laser instrument 2 along this axial displacement who is adjusted unipolar manual displacement platform's regulating spindle, adjust rotatory displacement platform, can make laser instrument 2 around the axis rotation that is on a parallel with the Y axle.
As shown in fig. 6, the laser 2 integrates all the components of the laser system, which has the advantages of good integration and space saving, and the laser 2 includes: the device comprises a protective window glass 18, a converging mirror system 19, a collimating mirror system 20, a laser fiber 21, a water-cooled joint 22, a rear protective plate 23, a laser QBH output head 24, a base plate 25, a protective cover 26 and a front protective plate 27.
The working principle of the turning auxiliary system with the five-dimensional manual displacement platform is that in the process of machining by using the elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutter device 1, the laser 2 emits continuous laser and focuses on the plane of a workpiece to be machined near the tool nose of the lathe tool head 4, so that the surface material of the workpiece to be machined is softened or modified. In the elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device 1, the ultrasonic vibration knife rest 3 integrally drives the lathe tool bit 4 to generate elliptical track ultrasonic vibration, so that the processing mode is changed.
As shown in fig. 1, due to the spatial position relationship, the laser must be obliquely incident on the surface of the workpiece to be processed, so that the five-dimensional manual displacement platform 6 needs to be rotated to realize the deflection of the laser 2; the second linear displacement platform 8, the third linear displacement platform 9 and the first linear displacement platform 7 are used for realizing fine adjustment of the position of the laser 2 in the Y, Z, X direction respectively; the fourth linear displacement platform 0 is used for adjusting the position of the laser 2 in the direction along the laser light path W and changing the distance between the laser output point and the plane of the processed workpiece, and the strokes of the first linear displacement platform 7, the second linear displacement platform 8, the third linear displacement platform 9 and the fourth linear displacement platform 10 can be 25 mm.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the installation method of the turning auxiliary system with the five-dimensional manual displacement platform of the invention is as follows:
1. an elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device 1 is installed.
2. Installing a five-dimensional manual displacement platform 6: when the linear X-direction manual displacement platform 7 and the linear Z-direction manual displacement platform 9 are installed, a dial indicator and a dial indicator are matched with a machine tool X shaft and a machine tool Z shaft, so that the parallel precision errors of the axes of the machine tool X shaft and the adjusting shaft of the first linear displacement platform 7 are within 5 micrometers, and the parallel precision errors of the axes of the machine tool Z shaft and the adjusting shaft of the third linear displacement platform 9 are within 5 micrometers; when the second linear displacement platform 8 is installed, the parallel precision error of the Y axis of the machine tool and the axis of the adjusting shaft of the second linear displacement platform 8 is also ensured to be within 5 micrometers;
3. when the laser 2, the fourth linear displacement platform 10, the first connecting piece 16 and the second connecting piece 17 are installed, the displacement direction of the fourth linear displacement platform 10, namely the parallelism of the W direction and the laser light path direction is ensured to be within 10 micrometers. The above positional accuracy is required to be able to generate as little displacement errors in other directions as possible when adjusting the position of the laser focus in a single direction.
The machine tool X axis, the machine tool Y axis and the machine tool Z axis are a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system established by the machine tool, the machine tool Z axis is parallel to the axis of the main shaft 15 of the machine tool, the machine tool X axis is perpendicular to the Z axis and parallel to the XOY plane, and the machine tool Y axis is perpendicular to the XOY plane.
Detailed description of the invention
The fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that the laser beam emitted from the laser 2 is an infrared beam having a wavelength of 1080nm, the rated power is 250W, and the operation mode is a continuous mode.
The diameter of the laser beam emitted from the laser 2 when it exits the protective window glass is about 19mm, and the design distance to the focal point of the laser is 150mm ± 10 mm.
Detailed description of the invention
The fifth embodiment is different from the third or fourth embodiment in that the elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutter device 1 includes an ultrasonic vibration cutter holder 3 and a lathe head 4, the ultrasonic vibration cutter holder 3 is fixed on a working platform of a Z axis of a machine tool through a linear Y direction manual cutter holder displacement platform 5, the lathe head 4 is installed on the ultrasonic vibration cutter holder 3, and the lathe head 4 faces a main shaft 15 of the machine tool.
As shown in fig. 3, a load cell 13 may be installed between the ultrasonic vibration tool holder 3 and the Y-direction manual tool holder displacement table 5, and the load cell 13 may monitor the cutting force during the machining process. And the Y-direction manual tool rest displacement platform 5 is used for finely adjusting the height of the elliptical ultrasonic vibration tool device 1 in the vertical direction, so that the cutting edge of the lathe tool head 4 and the main shaft 15 of the machine tool are positioned at the same height.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention discloses a debugging method of a turning auxiliary system with a five-dimensional manual displacement platform, which comprises the following specific steps of:
step one, coaxially fixing a trial tool 12 on a main shaft 15 of a machine tool, and focusing laser emitted by a laser 2 on the trial tool 12;
secondly, moving the test tool piece 12 along the direction parallel to the X axis to enable the laser to ablate a row of equidistant ablation points on the surface of the test tool piece 12; rotating the trial cutter 12 by 180 degrees around the axis thereof, and moving the trial cutter 12 along the direction parallel to the X axis to ensure that the laser ablates a row of equidistant ablation points on the surface of the trial cutter 12; repeatedly adjusting the second linear displacement platform 8 and repeating the two ablation steps until the two groups of ablation points are positioned on the same straight line;
as shown in fig. 4, in the adjusting process, half of the distance between the connecting lines of the two rows of ablation points is the height difference between the focal points of the laser and the tool tip of the lathe head 4 or the axis of the spindle 15 of the machine tool, and at this time, the displacement of the laser 2 in the Y-axis direction can be adjusted by the manual displacement platform in the Y-direction of the straight line to compensate and repeat the two ablation steps repeatedly until the two groups of ablation points are on the same straight line, so that the laser can be focused precisely in the Y-axis direction.
Feeding the machine tool along the Z axis, so that the lathe head 4 sets a tool on the surface of the test tool piece 12 and a cutting ring is left, wherein the depth of the cutting ring is 1-3 mu m; and repeatedly adjusting the first linear displacement platform 7, and enabling the laser to leave an ablation ring concentric with the cutting ring on the surface of the test tool 12 until the ablation ring is superposed with the cutting ring to finish debugging.
Before the machine tool feeds along the Z-axis direction, the five-dimensional manual displacement platform 6 can be withdrawn by 5 mm.
As shown in fig. 5, the radius difference between the ablation ring and the cutting ring is detected to be the distance between the laser focus and the tool nose of the lathe tool head 4 in the X-axis direction, and the linear displacement platform 7 is repeatedly adjusted to enable the ablation point to gradually approach the cutting ring until the ablation ring coincides with the cutting ring, so that accurate tool setting of the laser focus and the tool nose of the lathe tool head 4 in the processing plane can be realized.
Detailed description of the invention
The seventh embodiment is different from the sixth embodiment in that the test piece 12 is an aluminum disk, and an aluminum foil is attached to a surface of the test piece 12 facing the lathe tool bit 4, and the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
As shown in fig. 4, when the laser is irradiated on the aluminum foil, a burning mark is left on the aluminum foil, the diameter of the burning mark is determined by the spot size of the laser, and when the burning mark area is the smallest, the laser can be considered to be successfully focused on the aluminum foil.
Detailed description of the invention
The eighth embodiment differs from the sixth or seventh embodiments in that the laser focus is adjusted in the present invention to be in the same plane as the machining plane of the machine tool spindle 15 as the cutting edge of the turning head 4. The first step comprises the following steps:
step one, coaxially fixing the trial cutter 12 on a main shaft 15 of a machine tool, and centering the lathe head 4 with the main shaft 15 of the machine tool;
feeding the lathe head 4 along the Z axis by the machine tool, and setting the lathe head 4 and the test tool 12 with the depth of less than or equal to 3 microns;
rotating the rotary displacement platform 11 to enable the laser emitted by the laser 2 to be obliquely emitted to the surface of the test tool 12, and enabling the spot position of the laser to be in the range of the tool nose of the lathe tool head 4, wherein the range is a circular surface with the tool nose of the lathe tool head 4 as the center of a circle and the diameter of the circular surface being 10 mm;
step four, adjusting a third manual displacement platform 9, and closing the machine tool after moving a five-dimensional manual displacement platform 6 to the positive direction of the Z axis (shown in figure 1) for 4-5 mm; wherein, the positive direction of the Z axis is the direction from the tool nose of the lathe tool head 4 to the tool testing piece 12; the four-position displacement platform 10 is adjusted to find the focus position of the laser on the test piece 12 and locked.
Detailed description of the invention
The difference between the ninth embodiment and the eighth embodiment is that the first step and the fifth step are specifically as follows:
and (3) adjusting the displacement of the linear W direction manual displacement platform 10 along the W direction at equal intervals, controlling the same time of laser ablation each time, marking the surface of the test tool 12, observing the size of a burning trace of the marking, wherein the position of the minimum ablation trace is the focusing position of the laser, and locking the position of the fourth displacement platform 9 at the moment.
The manual displacement platform 10 in the W direction of the straight line is adjusted equidistantly, namely the displacement of the manual displacement platform 10 is changed in the W direction, so that the focal point of the laser is focused on the test tool 12, and the error of the front focal point and the back focal point is controlled within 10 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, a plurality of sets of parallel connection holes may be respectively disposed on the connection surface of the L-shaped laser platform 14 and on the second connection member 17, and the distance between each set of connection holes may be set to 12.5 mm. If the laser focusing phenomenon cannot be observed within the adjusting displacement limit of the five-dimensional manual displacement platform 6, the positions of the laser heads 4 in the connecting holes in the L-shaped laser platform 14 and the second connecting piece 17 are changed until the laser can be focused within the displacement range of the test tool 12.
And observing the shape and the area of the burn mark after focusing until the minimum ablation mark left on the surface of the test tool piece 12 by the laser is found, wherein the position is the laser focusing position.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment
The tenth embodiment is different from the ninth embodiment in that, in the fifth step, the power of the laser is 30% to 50% of the rated power of the laser 2. The laser ablation time is 5-15 s.
Claims (9)
1. The turning auxiliary system comprising a five-dimensional manual displacement device comprises an elliptical ultrasonic vibration knife device (1) and a laser (2),
the five-dimensional manual displacement device comprises a first linear displacement platform (7), a second linear displacement platform (8), a third linear displacement platform (9), a fourth linear displacement platform (10) and a rotary displacement platform (11);
establishing a space rectangular coordinate system XYZ by taking the upper surface of a carrying platform of the first linear displacement platform (7) as an XOZ plane and the axial direction of an adjusting shaft of the first linear displacement platform (7) as an X axis, and setting the W direction to be parallel to the XOZ plane and the included angles of the W direction and the X axis and the Z axis to be acute angles;
the carrying platform of the second linear displacement platform (8) can move along the Y axis; a carrying platform of the third linear displacement platform (9) can move along the Z axis; the carrying platform of the fourth linear displacement platform (10) can move along the W direction; the stage of the rotary displacement table (11) is rotatable about its main axis, which is parallel to the Y axis;
a base station of a third linear displacement platform (9) is fixed on a carrier of a first linear displacement platform (7), a base station of a rotary displacement platform (11) is fixed on the carrier of the third linear displacement platform (9), a base station of a second linear displacement platform (8) is fixed on the carrier of the rotary displacement platform (11), and a base station of a fourth linear displacement platform (10) is fixed on the carrier of the second linear displacement platform (8);
the ultrasonic vibration cutting machine is characterized in that the elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutting machine device (1) is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of a machine tool, and the Z-axis working platform of the machine tool can move along a Z axis;
the five-dimensional manual displacement device (6) is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of the machine tool, and the axial direction of an adjusting shaft of the third linear displacement platform (9) is parallel to a main shaft (15) of the machine tool;
the laser (2) is fixed on a carrying platform of the fourth linear displacement platform (10); the laser path emitted by the laser (2) is parallel to the W direction, and the emitting direction of the laser faces to a main shaft (15) of the machine tool.
2. Turning assistance system comprising a five-dimensional manual displacement device according to claim 1, characterised in that the five-dimensional manual displacement device further comprises an L-shaped laser platform (14), a first connector (16) and a second connector (17),
the L-shaped laser platform (14) comprises two connecting surfaces which are connected end to end and vertically fixed, and the section of the L-shaped laser platform (14) is L-shaped;
a base station of the second linear displacement platform (8) is fixed on a carrying platform of the rotary displacement platform (11) through a first connecting piece (16); one connecting surface of the L-shaped laser platform (14) is fixed on a carrying platform of the second linear displacement platform (8), and the upper surface of the other connecting surface of the L-shaped laser platform (14) is fixed with a base platform of the fourth linear displacement platform (10) through a second connecting piece (17).
3. The turning auxiliary system with the five-dimensional manual displacement device according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser emitted by the laser (2) is infrared light with a wavelength of 1080nm, the rated power of the laser (2) is 250W, and the working mode of the laser (2) is a continuous mode.
4. The turning auxiliary system with the five-dimensional manual displacement device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the elliptical ultrasonic vibration cutter device (1) comprises an ultrasonic vibration cutter holder (3) and a turning head (4), the ultrasonic vibration cutter holder (3) is fixed on a Z-axis working platform of the machine tool through a Y-direction manual cutter holder displacement platform (5), the turning head (4) is installed on the ultrasonic vibration cutter holder (3), and the turning head (4) faces a main shaft (15) of the machine tool.
5. The debugging method of the turning auxiliary system of the five-dimensional manual displacement device based on the claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
step one, coaxially fixing a trial tool piece (12) on a main shaft (15) of a machine tool, and focusing laser emitted by a laser (2) on the trial tool piece (12);
secondly, moving the trial cutter (12) along the direction parallel to the X axis to enable the laser to ablate a row of equidistant ablation points on the surface of the trial cutter (12); rotating the trial cutter (12) 180 degrees around the axis of the trial cutter, and moving the trial cutter (12) along the direction parallel to the X axis to ensure that the laser ablates a row of equidistant ablation points on the surface of the trial cutter (12); repeatedly adjusting the second linear displacement platform (8) and repeating the two ablation steps until the two groups of ablation points are positioned on the same straight line;
feeding the machine tool along the Z axis, so that the lathe head (4) sets a tool on the surface of the test tool piece (12) and a cutting ring is left, wherein the depth of the cutting ring is 1-3 mu m; and repeatedly adjusting the first linear displacement platform (7), and enabling the laser to leave an ablation ring concentric with the cutting ring on the surface of the trial cutting part (12) until the ablation ring is superposed with the cutting ring, so that debugging is completed.
6. The debugging method according to claim 5, wherein the test piece (12) is an aluminum disk, and an aluminum foil is adhered to a surface of the test piece (12) facing the lathe tool bit (4), and the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
7. The debugging method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein step one comprises:
step one, coaxially fixing a trial cutter (12) on a main shaft (15) of a machine tool, and centering a lathe head (4) with the main shaft (15) of the machine tool;
feeding the lathe tool bit (4) along the Z axis by the machine tool, and setting the lathe tool bit (4) and the tool testing piece (12) to a tool with the tool setting depth being less than or equal to 3 microns;
rotating the rotary displacement platform (11) to enable the laser emitted by the laser (2) to be obliquely emitted to the surface of the test tool piece (12), and enabling the position of a light spot of the laser to be within the range of the tool nose of the lathe tool head (4), wherein the range is a circular surface with the tool nose of the lathe tool head (4) as the center of a circle and the diameter of the circular surface being 10 mm;
and step four, adjusting the fourth linear displacement platform (10), finding out the focusing position of the laser on the test tool (12) and locking.
8. The debugging method according to claim 7, wherein the step one and five are specifically:
and (3) adjusting the displacement of the fourth linear displacement platform (10) along the W direction at equal intervals, controlling the same time of laser ablation each time, marking the surface of the test tool (12), observing the size of a marked burning trace, wherein the minimum ablation trace position is the focusing position of laser, and locking the position of the fourth linear displacement platform (10) at the moment.
9. The debugging method according to claim 8, wherein in the first step five, the power of the laser is 30% -50% of the rated power of the laser (2), and the laser ablation time is 5-15 s.
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| CN110000609B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2022-01-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ultrasonic vibration cutting and cutting force real-time monitoring integrated cutter system |
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| CN111702189B (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-03-08 | 陕西师范大学 | Giant magnetostrictive elliptical vibration turning device and turning method |
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