CN109496973A - A kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander - Google Patents
A kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496973A CN109496973A CN201811404098.1A CN201811404098A CN109496973A CN 109496973 A CN109496973 A CN 109496973A CN 201811404098 A CN201811404098 A CN 201811404098A CN 109496973 A CN109496973 A CN 109496973A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 241000157862 Dicamptodontidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 20
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- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
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- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
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- 102000019034 Chemokines Human genes 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108010012236 Chemokines Proteins 0.000 abstract description 2
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 7
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of artificial cultivating methods of giant salamander, using water temperature be 12-22 DEG C, water-soluble oxygen amount 3.5mg/L or more, pH value 6.5-7.5 underground water as cultivation water, first make it, the growth demand for being then directed to giant salamander respectively in young body phase and maturity period is fed using the bait of special proportion.By using the giant salamander of reasonably combined nutrient fodder feeding different phase, and cooperate the management method of science, the disease resistance of giant salamander can be significantly improved, increase production chemokine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to giant salamander culture technical fields, and in particular to a kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander.
Background technique
Giant salamander (Chinese giant salamander) is current existing maximum rare amphibian, seemingly because of its cry
Vagitus, therefore also known as " giant salamander ".Giant salamander belongs to the amphibious wild animal of China's second class protection, be distributed mainly on Hunan, Guizhou,
In the mountain stream streams of the provinces such as Shaanxi, it is food with aquatic insect, fish, crab, shrimp, frog etc., is agriculture industrialization and featured agriculture emphasis
Develop animal species.Giant salamander has higher edible value and medical value, and fine and tender taste, delicious flavour are rich in a variety of human bodies
Required amino acid and microelement；There are tonifying Qi, blood-nourishing, nourishing and other effects simultaneously, has to prevention cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease and tumour
There is good effect.
The cultivation of giant salamander occupys an important position in the exploitation of the special aquatic products of China's name, mainly has batch production to support at present
Grow 3 kinds of mode, Ecology aquaculture model and original ecological breeding mode aquaculture models.Industrial aquaculture is most popular one kind
The speed of growth of aquaculture model, giant salamander is fast, brings very high economic benefit for culturist, but input cost is larger, Er Qieji
The concentration outburst probability of disease is big；Ecology aquaculture model is lower than the input cost of industrial aquaculture mode, changes ring without artificial
The culture efficiency of the border factor, giant salamander is preferable, and infectious disease risk reduces, but to prevent giant salamander from escaping, and this requires cultivate skill
Art personnel must nurse meticulously；Although original ecological breeding mode aquaculture cost is low, the culture-cycle is long, and giant salamander catches an illness probability
Greatly, slower, the difficulty increase of cultural technique personnel nurse, so promoting the use of less is returned.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander.
A kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, select water source, with water temperature be 12-22 DEG C, water-soluble oxygen amount in 3.5mg/L or more, pH value 6.5-7.5's
Underground water is as cultivation water；
Step 2, fertilized eggs are incubated for, and keep 14-18 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, and every 6-7 days injection fresh waters 1
It is secondary；
Step 3, the giant salamander young body phase keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait A；
Step 4, the giant salamander maturity period keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait B；
The bait A is by fish meal, yellow meal worm powder, shrimp shell meal, corn flour, soya-bean cake, vitamin, amino acid and synergist system
At the bait B is by shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermented peanut meal, internal organ dry powder, citric acid, vitamin and ammonia
Base acid is made.
Preferably, the synergist is the mixture of pollen pini, vegetable oil, yam extract.
Preferably, step 3 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 2-4 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
Preferably, step 4 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 3-5 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
Preferably, the bait A is by 50-60 parts of fish meal in parts by weight, 12-18 parts of yellow meal worm powder, shrimp shell meal 15-
25 parts, 3-7 parts of corn flour, 2-6 parts of soya-bean cake, 0.5-1 parts of vitamin, 0.2-0.6 parts of amino acid and 0.1-0.3 parts of synergist systems
At.
Preferably, the bait B be by parts by weight 3-8 parts of 5-10 parts of 25-40 parts of shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal,
1-5 parts of fish meal, 2-4 parts of fermented peanut meal, 10-20 parts of internal organ dry powder, 0.5-1.2 parts of citric acid, 0.5-1 parts of vitamin and amino
Sour 0.2-0.6 parts is made.
Preferably, the internal organ dry powder is made of the fresh internal organ using pig, ox, sheep or chicken.
Cultural method of the invention by using the giant salamander of reasonably combined nutrient fodder feeding different phase, and cooperates
The management method of science can significantly improve the disease resistance of giant salamander, increase production chemokine.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, select water source, with water temperature be 12-22 DEG C, water-soluble oxygen amount in 3.5mg/L or more, pH value 6.5-7.5's
Underground water is as cultivation water；
Step 2, fertilized eggs are incubated for, and keep 14-18 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, and every 6-7 days injection fresh waters 1
It is secondary；
Step 3, the giant salamander young body phase keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait A；
Step 4, the giant salamander maturity period keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait B；
The bait A is by fish meal, yellow meal worm powder, shrimp shell meal, corn flour, soya-bean cake, vitamin, amino acid and synergist system
At the bait B is by shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermented peanut meal, internal organ dry powder, citric acid, vitamin and ammonia
Base acid is made.
Wherein, the synergist is the mixture of pollen pini, vegetable oil, yam extract.
Step 3 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 2-4 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
Step 4 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 3-5 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
The bait A be by 50 parts of fish meal in parts by weight, 12 parts of yellow meal worm powder, 15 parts of shrimp shell meal, 3 parts of corn flour,
2 parts of soya-bean cake, 0.5 part of vitamin, 0.2 part of amino acid and 0.1 part of synergist are made.Synergist is that pollen pini, vegetable oil, Chinese yam mention
The mixture for taking the weight ratios such as object to form.
The bait B is by 1 part of 3 parts of 5 parts of 25 parts of shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermentation flower in parts by weight
Raw 2 parts of the dregs of rice, 10 parts of internal organ dry powder, 0.5 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of vitamin and 0.2 part of amino acid are made.
The internal organ dry powder is made of specifically to be raiseeed pig, ox, sheep, chicken etc. using the fresh internal organ of pig, ox, sheep or chicken
The corpse internal organ of fowl dry broken obtain after cleaning.
In addition, it is also necessary to keep cleaning in pond.Adhere to daily it is early, patrol pond evening 2 times, salvage residual bait, wash pool of removing contamination keeps pond
Water sanitation and hygiene.
Embodiment 2
A kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, select water source, with water temperature be 12-22 DEG C, water-soluble oxygen amount in 3.5mg/L or more, pH value 6.5-7.5's
Underground water is as cultivation water；
Step 2, fertilized eggs are incubated for, and keep 14-18 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, and every 6-7 days injection fresh waters 1
It is secondary；
Step 3, the giant salamander young body phase keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait A；
Step 4, the giant salamander maturity period keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait B；
The bait A is by fish meal, yellow meal worm powder, shrimp shell meal, corn flour, soya-bean cake, vitamin, amino acid and synergist system
At the bait B is by shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermented peanut meal, internal organ dry powder, citric acid, vitamin and ammonia
Base acid is made.
Wherein, the synergist is the mixture of pollen pini, vegetable oil, yam extract.
Step 3 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 2-4 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
Step 4 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 3-5 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
The bait A be by 53 parts of fish meal in parts by weight, 14 parts of yellow meal worm powder, 20 parts of shrimp shell meal, 5 parts of corn flour,
4 parts of soya-bean cake, 0.7 part of vitamin, 0.5 part of amino acid and 0.2 part of synergist are made.Synergist is that pollen pini, vegetable oil, Chinese yam mention
The mixture for taking the weight ratios such as object to form.
The bait B is by 3 parts of 5 parts of 7 parts of 33 parts of shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermentation flower in parts by weight
Raw 3 parts of the dregs of rice, 14 parts of internal organ dry powder, 0.9 part of citric acid, 0.8 part of vitamin and 0.4 part of amino acid are made.
The internal organ dry powder is made of specifically to be raiseeed pig, ox, sheep, chicken etc. using the fresh internal organ of pig, ox, sheep or chicken
The corpse internal organ of fowl dry broken obtain after cleaning.
In addition, it is also necessary to keep cleaning in pond.Adhere to daily it is early, patrol pond evening 2 times, salvage residual bait, wash pool of removing contamination keeps pond
Water sanitation and hygiene.
Embodiment 3
A kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, select water source, with water temperature be 12-22 DEG C, water-soluble oxygen amount in 3.5mg/L or more, pH value 6.5-7.5's
Underground water is as cultivation water；
Step 2, fertilized eggs are incubated for, and keep 14-18 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, and every 6-7 days injection fresh waters 1
It is secondary；
Step 3, the giant salamander young body phase keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait A；
Step 4, the giant salamander maturity period keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait B；
The bait A is by fish meal, yellow meal worm powder, shrimp shell meal, corn flour, soya-bean cake, vitamin, amino acid and synergist system
At the bait B is by shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermented peanut meal, internal organ dry powder, citric acid, vitamin and ammonia
Base acid is made.
Wherein, the synergist is the mixture of pollen pini, vegetable oil, yam extract.
Step 3 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 2-4 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
Step 4 feeds frequency are as follows: feeds within 3-5 days 1 time, feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
The bait A be by 60 parts of fish meal in parts by weight, 18 parts of yellow meal worm powder, 25 parts of shrimp shell meal, 7 parts of corn flour,
6 parts of soya-bean cake, 1 part of vitamin, 0.6 part of amino acid and 0.3 part of synergist are made.Synergist is pollen pini, vegetable oil, Chinese yam extraction
The mixture of the weight ratios such as object composition.
The bait B is by 5 parts of 8 parts of 10 parts of 40 parts of shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermentation flower in parts by weight
Raw 4 parts of the dregs of rice, 20 parts of internal organ dry powder, 1.2 parts of citric acid, 1 part of vitamin and 0.6 part of amino acid are made.
The internal organ dry powder is made of specifically to be raiseeed pig, ox, sheep, chicken etc. using the fresh internal organ of pig, ox, sheep or chicken
The corpse internal organ of fowl dry broken obtain after cleaning.
In addition, it is also necessary to keep cleaning in pond.Adhere to daily it is early, patrol pond evening 2 times, salvage residual bait, wash pool of removing contamination keeps pond
Water sanitation and hygiene.
Giant salamander is cultivated using the above method, specific growth rate is up to 40% or more；And giant salamander appearance figure is healthy and strong, and it is external
Not damaged, no deformity, the long 50~65cm of body, trunk is in sturdy, without abdominal distension, the symptoms such as ascites, without water mold parasitism, body on the gill
Table is without white point.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of artificial cultivating method of giant salamander, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step 1, select water source, with water temperature be 12-22 DEG C, water-soluble oxygen amount in 3.5mg/L or more, pH value in the underground of 6.5-7.5
Water is as cultivation water；
Step 2, fertilized eggs are incubated for, and keep 14-18 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, and every 6-7 days injection fresh water 1 time；
Step 3, the giant salamander young body phase keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait A；
Step 4, the giant salamander maturity period keeps 16-22 DEG C of water temperature, water-soluble oxygen amount 6-8mg/L, feeds bait B；
The bait A is made of fish meal, yellow meal worm powder, shrimp shell meal, corn flour, soya-bean cake, vitamin, amino acid and synergist,
The bait B is by shrimp shell meal, wheat flour, bone meal, fish meal, fermented peanut meal, internal organ dry powder, citric acid, vitamin and amino
Acid is made.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the synergist is that pollen pini, vegetable oil, Chinese yam mention
Take the mixture of object.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 3 feeds frequency are as follows: it feeds within 2-4 days 1 time,
Feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step 4 feeds frequency are as follows: it feeds within 3-5 days 1 time,
Feeding volume is the 2-5% of giant salamander weight.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bait A is by fish meal 50- in parts by weight
60 parts, 12-18 parts of yellow meal worm powder, 15-25 parts of shrimp shell meal, 3-7 parts of corn flour, 2-6 parts of soya-bean cake, 0.5-1 parts of vitamin, amino acid
0.2-0.6 parts O.1-0.3 part is made with synergist.
6. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the bait B is by shrimp shell meal in parts by weight
25-40 parts, 5-10 parts of wheat flour, 3-8 parts of bone meal, 1-5 parts of fish meal, 2-4 parts of fermented peanut meal, 10-20 parts of internal organ dry powder, lemon
0.5-1.2 parts sour, 0.5-1 parts of vitamin and 0.2-0.6 parts of amino acid are made.
7. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the internal organ dry powder is using pig, ox, sheep or chicken
Fresh internal organ are made.
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| CN110169394A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-08-27 | 正安县鲵食养殖有限公司 | A kind of giant salamander artificial cultivating method |
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Effective date of registration: 20210429 Address after: 212400 No.2, Xishantou, Fuqiao natural village, Xiashu Town, Jurong City, Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Jurong Quanlong rare special aquaculture Co.,Ltd. Address before: 212400 Jurong aquatic products technology guidance center, No. 68 Renmin Road, Huayang Town, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, Jurong Applicant before: JURONG LONGQUAN GIANT SALAMANDER BREEDING CENTRE |
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